A wake-up control circuit, a wake-up control method, a battery management system and an electric vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of wake-up control circuit, wake-up control method, battery management system and electric vehicle, it is related to electronic circuit and power management technical field.The wake-up control circuit includes wake-up module, conversion module and control module, wherein: wake-up module is used to receive the first voltage signal from first port and generates wake-up signal;Conversion module is used to receive the first voltage signal from first port and the second voltage signal from second port, and generates first reference voltage signal and second reference voltage signal;Control module is used to receive first reference voltage signal and second reference voltage signal, and calculates the check signal of the ratio of the first reference voltage signal and second reference voltage signal, and the wake-up signal is checked based on check signal.This application detects and processes first voltage signal and second voltage signal, realizes effective prevention and control to false wake-up under low power consumption condition, improves anti-interference ability, environmental adaptability and reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electronic circuits and power management technology, and in particular to a wake-up control circuit, a wake-up control method, a battery management system, and an electric vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional electric two-wheeler control circuits typically rely on the detection of a single signal to control the wake-up of the battery management system (BMS), such as using a MOSFET to detect the high or low level of the ON / CRG signal (the signal used to implement the wake-up function). However, the physical proximity of the ON / CRG port (the port in the battery management system connector used to implement the wake-up function) and the P+ port (the port in the battery management system connector used to output positive voltage) can easily lead to false wake-ups when water enters the charging interface, increasing system power consumption and affecting user experience.

[0003] The information disclosed in this background section is included only to enhance the understanding of the context of this disclosure, and therefore may contain information that does not constitute relevant technology currently known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a wake-up control circuit, a wake-up control method, a battery management system, and an electric vehicle to solve the problem of false wake-up caused by port physical proximity and water ingress.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this application is as follows.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a wake-up control circuit, comprising:

[0007] The wake-up module is used to receive the first voltage signal from the first port and generate a corresponding wake-up signal;

[0008] The conversion module is used to receive a first voltage signal from a first port and a second voltage signal from a second port, and to generate a first reference voltage signal and a second reference voltage signal;

[0009] The control module is used to receive a first reference voltage signal and a second reference voltage signal, calculate a verification signal representing the ratio of the first reference voltage signal and the second reference voltage signal, and verify the wake-up signal based on the verification signal.

[0010] Since the resistance generated when water enters the first and second ports will cause a change in the first voltage signal, and this application uses the second voltage signal as a comparison, the control module that receives the first and second reference voltage signals can compare these two signals to determine whether water has entered the first and second ports. This can then be used to verify the wake-up signal, effectively reducing false wake-ups caused by port proximity and water ingress, thereby reducing the system's additional power consumption and optimizing the control of the battery management system. When applied to electric two-wheelers, this can improve the reliability and user experience of electric two-wheelers.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one optional implementation, the control module is used to control the current working state to be in a sleep state when the verification signal is within a preset threshold range, and otherwise control the current working state to be in a wake-up state; the upper limit of the preset threshold range is related to the minimum resistance / maximum resistance between the first port and the second port when water enters, and the lower limit of the preset threshold range is related to the maximum resistance / minimum resistance between the first port and the second port when water enters.

[0012] This implementation effectively distinguishes between normal signals and false wake-up signals caused by water ingress by setting a preset threshold range, ensuring that the system automatically enters a sleep state when an abnormal resistance value is detected, thereby preventing malfunctions and increased power consumption caused by water ingress, and improving the reliability of the circuit and the lifespan of the battery.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one alternative implementation, the conversion module includes:

[0014] The first switching unit has its input terminal connected to the first port for receiving a first voltage signal; the controlled terminal of the first switching unit is connected to the third port for receiving a third signal from the third port to control the output of the first voltage signal to the output terminal of the first switching unit.

[0015] The first conversion unit has its input terminal connected to the output terminal of the first switching unit. It is used to convert the first voltage signal output from the output terminal of the first switching unit to obtain a first reference voltage signal. The output terminal of the first conversion unit is used to output the first reference voltage signal to the control module.

[0016] The second switching unit has its input terminal connected to the second port for receiving the second voltage signal; the controlled terminal of the second switching unit is connected to the fourth port for receiving the fourth signal from the fourth port to control the output of the second voltage signal to the output terminal of the second switching unit.

[0017] The second conversion unit has its input terminal connected to the output terminal of the second switching unit. It is used to convert the second voltage signal output from the output terminal of the second switching unit into a second reference voltage signal. The output terminal of the second conversion unit is used to output the second reference voltage signal to the control module.

[0018] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one alternative implementation, the first conversion unit and the second conversion unit time-division multiplex the same voltage conversion circuit;

[0019] The control module is used to output a first enable signal for controlling the first switching unit to turn on and a second enable signal for controlling the second switching unit to turn on, so as to use the time-division multiplexed voltage conversion circuit to detect the first reference voltage signal and the second reference voltage signal.

[0020] This implementation reduces the number of conversion components required in the circuit by time-division multiplexing the same voltage conversion circuit, thereby lowering the overall hardware cost and circuit complexity. At the same time, this time-division operation method also effectively saves circuit space and improves system integration and resource utilization efficiency.

[0021] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one alternative implementation, the voltage conversion circuit includes a first voltage divider resistor and a second voltage divider resistor, wherein:

[0022] The first end of the first voltage divider resistor serves as the input terminal of the voltage conversion circuit; the second end of the first voltage divider resistor is connected to the first end of the second voltage divider resistor; the first end of the second voltage divider resistor serves as the output terminal of the voltage conversion circuit, outputting a first reference voltage signal or a second reference voltage signal; the second end of the second voltage divider resistor is connected to ground.

[0023] This voltage conversion circuit uses the combination of first and second voltage divider resistors to adjust and convert the input signal voltage, so as to output a stable reference signal.

[0024] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one optional implementation, the first switching unit includes a first switch and a second switch, wherein:

[0025] The controlled terminal of the first switch serves as the controlled terminal of the first switch unit; the controlled terminal of the second switch is connected to ground via the first switch; the input terminal of the second switch serves as the input terminal of the first switch unit; and the output terminal of the second switch serves as the output terminal of the first switch unit.

[0026] This application achieves a more flexible control mechanism by setting a combination of a first switch and a second switch in the first switching unit. This design allows for effective control of the signal path's on / off state in the circuit, thereby improving the circuit's reliability and response speed, while also simplifying circuit design and layout.

[0027] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one alternative implementation, the second switching unit includes a third switch and a fourth switch, wherein:

[0028] The controlled terminal of the third switch serves as the controlled terminal of the second switch unit; the controlled terminal of the fourth switch is connected to ground via the third switch; the input terminal of the fourth switch serves as the input terminal of the second switch unit; and the output terminal of the fourth switch serves as the output terminal of the second switch unit.

[0029] This application achieves a more flexible control mechanism by incorporating a combination of a third and a fourth switch within the second switching unit. This design allows for efficient control of signal path on / off states within the circuit, thereby improving circuit reliability and response speed, while also simplifying circuit design and layout.

[0030] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one alternative implementation, the conversion module further includes:

[0031] The first reverse connection protection unit connects the output terminal of the first switching unit to the input terminal of the first conversion unit. The first reverse connection protection unit is used to suppress the reverse current flowing to the output terminal of the first switching unit.

[0032] The second reverse connection protection unit connects the output terminal of the second switching unit to the input terminal of the second conversion unit. The second reverse connection protection unit is used to suppress reverse current flowing to the output terminal of the second switching unit.

[0033] This conversion module further enhances the safety and reliability of the system by incorporating first and second reverse connection protection units. The first and second reverse connection protection units are respectively connected between the output terminal of their respective switching units and the input terminal of the conversion unit, primarily used to prevent reverse current from flowing into the switching units, thereby protecting the circuit components from damage.

[0034] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one alternative implementation, the wake-up module includes:

[0035] A step-down unit, the input terminal of which is connected to the first port, is used to receive the first voltage signal and perform step-down processing to obtain a stepped-down signal;

[0036] The third switching unit, whose controlled terminal is connected to the output terminal of the step-down unit, is used to change the switching state and output a wake-up signal to the control module when the step-down signal reaches the preset voltage range.

[0037] This application introduces a step-down unit and a third switching unit into the wake-up module, ensuring that when the input signal is stepped down to a preset voltage range, the system can stably switch the switching state and output a wake-up signal, thereby improving the system's adaptability to different voltage inputs and effectively avoiding the inability to wake up due to undervoltage.

[0038] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one optional implementation, the step-down unit includes a third voltage-dividing resistor and a fourth voltage-dividing resistor, wherein:

[0039] The first end of the third voltage divider resistor serves as the input terminal of the step-down unit; the second end of the third voltage divider resistor is connected to the first end of the fourth voltage divider resistor; the first end of the fourth voltage divider resistor serves as the output terminal of the step-down unit for outputting the step-down signal; the second end of the fourth voltage divider resistor is connected to ground.

[0040] This buck unit achieves a simplified voltage divider scheme by introducing a third and a fourth voltage divider resistor. The series connection of the third and fourth voltage divider resistors allows the input signal to be output as a stepped-down signal after being divided by resistors. The second terminal of the fourth voltage divider resistor is grounded to stabilize the voltage reference. This design is not only simple in structure but also effectively reduces the input voltage to the required level, ensuring that subsequent circuits can operate within a suitable voltage range, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the system.

[0041] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one alternative implementation, the third switching unit includes a fifth switch and a sixth switch, wherein:

[0042] The controlled terminal of the sixth switch is connected to ground via the fifth switch; the input terminal of the sixth switch is connected to the power supply and is used to connect to the first level corresponding to the power supply; the output terminal of the sixth switch is used to connect to the control module; the controlled terminal of the fifth switch serves as the controlled terminal of the third switch unit and is used to control the sixth switch to conduct and output the first level as a wake-up signal when the step-down signal reaches the preset voltage range.

[0043] This application achieves precise control of the sixth switch's conduction when the step-down signal reaches a preset voltage range by setting a coordination mechanism between the fifth and sixth switches, thereby outputting a stable first level as a wake-up signal. This not only improves the system's response accuracy and reliability but also effectively reduces false triggering and energy consumption, thus improving the overall system efficiency.

[0044] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one optional implementation, the third switching unit further includes a pull-down resistor connected between the output terminal of the sixth switch and ground, used to pull the output terminal of the sixth switch to a second level when the sixth switch is open, the second level being the level when the control module is in sleep mode.

[0045] This application introduces a pull-down resistor in the third switching unit. When the sixth switch is open, its output is automatically pulled to the second level, which is the level when the control module is in sleep mode. This ensures that the control module can stably remain in sleep mode when there is no wake-up signal, preventing false wake-up caused by floating voltage.

[0046] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one alternative implementation, the first port is a port in the connector of the battery management system used to implement the wake-up function, and the second port is a port in the connector of the battery management system used to output a positive voltage.

[0047] This application achieves effective separation of signal transmission and power management by setting the first port as the port in the connector of the battery management system for implementing the wake-up function and the second port as the port in the connector of the battery management system for outputting positive voltage. This improves the stability and reliability of the system during charging and discharging, reduces signal interference, and optimizes circuit performance.

[0048] Secondly, this application also provides a wake-up control method. The method includes:

[0049] Obtain a wake-up signal, which is generated based on the first voltage signal of the first port;

[0050] Acquire a first reference voltage signal and a second reference voltage signal, wherein the first reference voltage signal is generated based on the first voltage signal and the second reference voltage signal is generated based on the second voltage signal of the second port;

[0051] A verification signal representing the ratio of the first reference voltage signal and the second reference voltage signal is calculated, and the wake-up signal is verified based on the verification signal.

[0052] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one optional implementation, the wake-up signal is verified based on a verification signal, including:

[0053] When the verification signal is within the preset threshold range, the current working state is controlled to be in sleep mode; otherwise, the current working state is controlled to be in wake-up mode. The upper limit of the preset threshold range is related to the minimum resistance / maximum resistance between the first and second ports when water enters, and the lower limit of the preset threshold range is related to the maximum resistance / minimum resistance between the first and second ports when water enters.

[0054] Thirdly, this application also provides a battery management system. This battery management system includes a wake-up control circuit based on the first aspect or any optional implementation thereof.

[0055] Fourthly, this application also provides an electric vehicle. The electric vehicle includes the battery management system and power battery pack described in the third aspect above.

[0056] The beneficial effects of aspects two through four above can be achieved by referring to aspect one or any of the optional implementations of aspect one, and will not be elaborated here. Based on the implementations provided above, this application can also be further combined to provide more implementations.

[0057] Other advantages, objectives and features of this application will be partly apparent from the description below, and partly understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0058] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or related technologies of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0059] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the wake-up control circuit provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0060] Figure 2 This is a second schematic diagram of the wake-up control circuit provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0061] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the ports in the battery management system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0062] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the wake-up control method provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0063] It should be noted that, in this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is being described as an example, illustration, or illustration. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design solutions. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0064] The term "and / or" as used in this application includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. The terms "first," "second," and other ordinal terms used in this application may be used to describe various constituent elements, but these constituent elements are not limited by these terms. The purpose of using these terms is solely to distinguish one constituent element from others and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, a first constituent element may be named a second constituent element, and similarly, a second constituent element may be named a first constituent element.

[0065] Each circuit or other component may be described or referred to as "for" performing one or more tasks. In this context, "for" is used to imply a structure by indicating that the circuit / component includes a structure (e.g., a circuit system) that performs one or more tasks during operation. Therefore, even when the specified circuit / component is currently inoperable (e.g., not turned on), it can still be referred to as "for performing that task." Circuits / components used with the term "for" include hardware, such as circuits that perform operations.

[0066] Before introducing the embodiments of this application, the background technology involved in this application will be introduced first.

[0067] In traditional electric two-wheeler wake-up and sleep control circuits, a MOSFET connected to the ON / CRG port (the port in the battery management system connector used for wake-up) is typically used as a switch to detect the wake-up signal, and the system is directly woken up using the detected wake-up signal alone. However, this method has some drawbacks: because the ON / CRG port and the P+ port (the port in the battery management system connector used for outputting positive voltage) are close together, when water enters the charging interface, the ON / CRG signal may be misinterpreted as a valid signal, causing the system to fail to enter sleep mode normally, increasing power consumption. These problems not only affect the user experience but may also lead to over-discharge of the battery, shortening its lifespan.

[0068] In summary, the wake-up and sleep control circuits for electric two-wheeled vehicles in the relevant technologies have problems such as misinterpreting signals and being unable to effectively enter sleep mode.

[0069] To address the aforementioned problems, embodiments of this application provide a wake-up control circuit, as shown in the reference... Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the wake-up control circuit provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0070] It should be noted that, Figure 1Rup in the equation represents the impedance value of the equivalent resistance, which indicates the impedance value generated between the first and second ports when water enters. Actual measurements show that when water enters both ports, the impedance value Rup fluctuates within a range of 100kΩ to 300kΩ. Based on the upper and lower limits of Rup, the lower and upper limits of the ratio of the two reference signals output by the conversion module 102 can be calculated (Rup is a factor affecting one of the reference signals, and the external power supply is a common external factor affecting both reference signals; therefore, the ratio of the two reference signals can eliminate the influence of the external power supply and only reflect the influence of Rup; hence, the upper and lower limits of Rup affect the lower and upper limits of the ratio). This is also the criterion for determining whether the wake-up signal output by the wake-up module 101 is valid. Therefore, the validity of the wake-up signal output by the wake-up module 101 can be determined by whether the ratio of the reference signals output by the conversion module 102 is within a preset range (between the lower and upper limits of the reference signal ratio).

[0071] like Figure 1 As shown, the wake-up control circuit includes a wake-up module 101, a conversion module 102, and a control module 103, wherein:

[0072] Wake-up module 101 is used to receive a first voltage signal from the first port and generate a corresponding wake-up signal;

[0073] The conversion module 102 is used to receive a first voltage signal from a first port and a second voltage signal from a second port, and generate a first reference voltage signal and a second reference voltage signal;

[0074] The control module 103 is used to receive a first reference voltage signal and a second reference voltage signal, calculate a verification signal representing the ratio of the first reference voltage signal and the second reference voltage signal, and verify the wake-up signal based on the verification signal.

[0075] Specifically, the control module can use the first and second reference voltage signals to verify the authenticity of the wake-up signal. For example, if the verification fails, the system will revert to its original sleep state. In other words, only a wake-up signal that passes the verification can truly wake up the system.

[0076] The principle of the control module using the first and second reference voltage signals to verify the wake-up signal is as follows: Rup is a factor affecting one of the reference signals, and the external power supply is a common external factor affecting both reference signals. Therefore, the ratio of the two reference signals can eliminate the influence of the external power supply and only reflect the influence of Rup. Thus, the upper / lower limit of Rup affects the lower / upper limit of the ratio (the lower / upper limit can form a preset ratio range). Since the resistance Rup generated when water enters the first and second ports will cause a change in the first voltage signal, and this application uses the second voltage signal as a comparison, the control module that receives the first and second reference voltage signals can find out whether the first and second ports have water ingress by comparing these two signals. This can then be used to verify the wake-up signal, effectively reducing false wake-up phenomena caused by port physical proximity and water ingress, thereby reducing the system's additional power consumption and optimizing the control of the battery management system. When applied to electric two-wheeled vehicles, this can improve the reliability and user experience of the electric two-wheeled vehicles.

[0077] For example, when a user plugs in a charger, the wake-up module 101 detects the signal and generates a wake-up signal. The conversion module 102 processes the input signal to generate a reference signal. Finally, the control module 103 calculates the ratio of the first reference voltage signal and the second reference voltage signal, and determines whether the system should be woken up normally based on whether the ratio falls within a preset range. If the signal is normal, the system enters the working state; if the signal is abnormal, such as due to water ingress, the system remains in a dormant state to save battery energy. Through this design, the system effectively avoids the problems of false wake-ups and power waste caused by misoperation or environmental factors (such as water ingress into the interface) in traditional solutions, improving user experience and system reliability. It is understood that the specific ratio calculation and range judgment can be implemented by the microcontroller (MCU) in the control module 103. For example, the MCU integrates an ADC module, which performs analog-to-digital conversion on the first and second reference voltage signals, and then performs calculations on the converted digital signals. The validity of the wake-up signal, i.e., whether it is a false wake-up, can be verified based on the numerical result obtained from the calculation.

[0078] In some embodiments, the control module 103 is used to control the current operating state to enter a sleep state when the verification signal is within a preset threshold range, and otherwise control the current operating state to enter a wake-up state. The upper limit of the preset threshold range is related to the minimum / maximum resistance between the first and second ports when water enters, and the lower limit of the preset threshold range is related to the maximum / minimum resistance between the first and second ports when water enters. This design aims to detect water ingress events promptly and put the system into a sleep state to prevent malfunctions, while maintaining normal system operation under normal conditions.

[0079] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a second schematic diagram of the wake-up control circuit provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 As shown, the conversion module 102 includes a first switching unit 102a, a first conversion unit 102b, a second switching unit 102c, and a second conversion unit 102d, wherein:

[0080] The input terminal of the first switching unit 102a is connected to the first port ON / CRG to receive the first voltage signal; the controlled terminal of the first switching unit 102a is connected to the third port MCU_ON / CRG_EN to receive the third signal of the third port MCU_ON / CRG_EN, so as to control the first voltage signal to be output to the output terminal of the first switching unit 102a; the input terminal of the first conversion unit 102b is connected to the output terminal of the first switching unit 102a, and is used to convert the first voltage signal output from the output terminal of the first switching unit 102a to obtain the first reference voltage signal; the output terminal of the first conversion unit 102b is used to output the first reference voltage signal to the control module 103;

[0081] The input terminal of the second switching unit 102c is connected to the second port P+ to receive the second voltage signal; the controlled terminal of the second switching unit 102c is connected to the fourth port MCU_P+_EN to receive the fourth signal of the fourth port MCU_P+_EN, so as to control the output of the second voltage signal to the output terminal of the second switching unit 102c; the input terminal of the second conversion unit 102d is connected to the output terminal of the second switching unit 102c to convert the second voltage signal output from the output terminal of the second switching unit 102c to obtain the second reference voltage signal; the output terminal of the second conversion unit 102d is used to output the second reference voltage signal to the control module 103.

[0082] Specifically, the first switching unit 102a receives a signal from the first port ON / CRG and, under the control signal issued by the third port MCU_ON / CRG_EN, decides whether to transmit the first voltage signal to the first conversion unit 102b. The first conversion unit 102b then performs voltage conversion on the incoming signal to generate a first reference voltage signal and sends it to the control module 103. Similarly, the second switching unit 102c receives a signal from the second port P+ and, according to the control signal of the fourth port MCU_P+_EN, decides whether to transmit the second voltage signal to the second conversion unit 102d. The second conversion unit 102d then performs voltage conversion on the incoming second voltage signal to generate a second reference voltage signal and sends it to the control module 103.

[0083] For example, assuming the electric two-wheeler receives a charger plug-in signal (first voltage signal), the signal emitted by the third port MCU_ON / CRG_EN allows the first switching unit 102a to pass this signal to the first conversion unit 102b, which adjusts the signal to a voltage level recognizable by the control module 103. Similarly, if the onboard sensor detects the battery voltage (second voltage signal), the signal emitted by the fourth port MCU_P+_EN allows the second switching unit 102c to pass this signal to the second conversion unit 102d for processing. In this way, signals from different sources can be flexibly processed and converted to ensure proper control and stable operation of the electric two-wheeler.

[0084] In some embodiments, the first conversion unit 102b and the second conversion unit 102d time-division multiplex the same voltage conversion circuit.

[0085] Specifically, the control module 103 first outputs a first enable signal to turn on the first switching unit 102a, thereby receiving and processing the first voltage signal from the first port ON / CRG. The voltage conversion circuit converts this signal into a first reference voltage signal for the control module 103 to detect. After completion, the control module 103 switches to output a second enable signal to turn on the second switching unit 102c. At this time, the same voltage conversion circuit receives and processes the second voltage signal from the second port P+, and converts it into a second reference voltage signal for the control module 103 to detect.

[0086] Through time-division control by the control module 103, a single voltage conversion circuit can process signals from two signal sources at different times, eliminating the need for a separate conversion circuit for each signal source. This time-division multiplexing strategy saves hardware resources and costs while maintaining effective processing and conversion capabilities for multiple signal sources, thereby improving the overall system efficiency and flexibility. This method is particularly suitable for space- and cost-constrained applications, such as small devices like electric two-wheelers.

[0087] In some embodiments, the voltage conversion circuit employs a simple and efficient voltage divider configuration, consisting of two voltage-dividing resistors, to convert the input voltage into a reference signal suitable for the control module 103. Specifically, the first terminal of the first voltage-dividing resistor R9 is connected to the input terminal of the voltage conversion circuit to receive the signal from the switching unit, while its second terminal is connected to the first terminal of the second voltage-dividing resistor R10, forming the output terminal of the voltage conversion circuit. The other terminal of the second voltage-dividing resistor R10 is connected to ground. With this voltage divider configuration, when the input voltage is applied to the circuit, the voltage formed at the junction of the two resistors is the output reference signal, which can vary depending on whether the switching signal is first or second. For example, a first reference voltage signal is output based on a first voltage signal, or a second reference voltage signal is output based on a second voltage signal. This configuration is not only simple in structure and cost-effective, but also allows for precise control of the output voltage by selecting appropriate resistor values, ensuring it remains within the range that the control module 103 can handle. It is particularly suitable for applications requiring the conversion of higher voltages to lower voltages, especially in resource-constrained electronic devices.

[0088] In some embodiments, the voltage conversion circuit further includes a filter resistor R13 and a filter capacitor C2 for filtering out noise in the reference signal, wherein the filter resistor R13 is connected to the output terminal of the voltage conversion circuit and connected to ground via the filter capacitor C2.

[0089] In some embodiments, the first switching unit 102a includes a first switch Q3 and a second switch Q2, wherein:

[0090] The controlled terminal of the first switch Q3 serves as the controlled terminal of the first switch unit 102a; the controlled terminal of the second switch Q2 is connected to ground via the first switch Q3; the input terminal of the second switch Q2 serves as the input terminal of the first switch unit 102a; and the output terminal of the second switch Q2 serves as the output terminal of the first switch unit 102a.

[0091] Specifically, when the first switch Q3 is activated, it determines whether the second switch Q2 can be energized. The input of the second switch Q2 receives an electrical signal, and its output transmits this signal. When the first switch Q3 is closed, the second switch Q2 is connected to ground, preventing the signal from passing through; when the first switch Q3 is open, the signal from the second switch Q2 can pass through and be output. In this way, the state of the other switch (the second switch Q2) can be affected by controlling one switch (the first switch Q3), thereby realizing more complex control logic.

[0092] In some embodiments, the first switching unit 102a further includes resistors R7 and R8 for dividing the voltage at the controlled terminal of the first switch Q3, and resistors R5 and R6 for dividing the voltage at the controlled terminal of the second switch Q2.

[0093] In some embodiments, the second switching unit 102c includes a third switch Q5 and a fourth switch Q4, wherein:

[0094] The controlled terminal of the third switch Q5 serves as the controlled terminal of the second switch unit 102c; the controlled terminal of the fourth switch Q4 is connected to ground via the third switch Q5; the input terminal of the fourth switch Q4 serves as the input terminal of the second switch unit 102c; and the output terminal of the fourth switch Q4 serves as the output terminal of the second switch unit 102c.

[0095] Specifically, when the third switch Q5 is activated, it determines whether the fourth switch Q4 can be energized. The input of the fourth switch Q4 receives an electrical signal, while its output transmits that signal. When the third switch Q5 is closed, the fourth switch Q4 is connected to ground, preventing signal transmission; when the third switch Q5 is open, the signal from the fourth switch Q4 can pass through and be output. Thus, by controlling one switch (the third switch Q5), the state of another switch (the fourth switch Q4) can be affected, enabling more complex control logic.

[0096] In some embodiments, the second switching unit 102c further includes resistors R16 and R17 for dividing the voltage at the controlled terminal of the third switch Q5, and resistors R14 and R15 for dividing the voltage at the controlled terminal of the fourth switch Q4.

[0097] In some embodiments, the conversion module 102 further includes a first reverse connection protection unit 102e and a second reverse connection protection unit 102f, for protecting the stable operation of the circuit.

[0098] Specifically, the first and second reverse connection protection units 102f are respectively installed between the output terminals of the first and second switching units 102c and their respective conversion units. The first reverse connection protection unit 102e can be a reverse protection diode D1, and the second reverse connection protection unit 102f can be a reverse protection diode D2. The function of these reverse connection protection units is to prevent current from flowing into the switching units in the opposite direction. This is like adding a "one-way" valve to the circuit, ensuring that the current can only flow in one direction, thereby avoiding possible damage to the circuit caused by reverse current.

[0099] In some embodiments, the wake-up module 101 includes a step-down unit 101a and a third switching unit 101b, wherein:

[0100] The input terminal of the step-down unit 101a is connected to the first port ON / CRG to receive the first voltage signal and perform step-down processing to obtain the step-down signal; the controlled terminal of the third switch unit 101b is connected to the output terminal of the step-down unit 101a to change the switch state and output a wake-up signal to the control module 103 when the step-down signal reaches the preset voltage range.

[0101] Specifically, first, the step-down unit 101a receives a first voltage signal from an external source (which may be a relatively high voltage signal) and steps it down to a more suitable level; this process is called step-down processing. The signal after step-down is the so-called buck signal. Next, when the voltage of the buck signal reaches a preset range (e.g., 25~70V), the third switching unit 101b changes its switching state (e.g., from off to on or from on to off). This state change triggers a wake-up signal, thereby waking up the device or system and putting it into operation.

[0102] In simple terms, this wake-up module 101 is like a smart power switch. It automatically adjusts the voltage according to changes in the input signal and turns the circuit on or off at the appropriate time to ensure that the device or system is properly woken up and used when needed.

[0103] In some embodiments, the wake-up module 101 further includes a filter resistor R12 and a filter capacitor C1 for filtering out noise in the wake-up signal, wherein the filter resistor R12 is connected to the output terminal of the third switching unit 101b and is connected to ground via the filter capacitor C1.

[0104] In some embodiments, the step-down unit 101a includes a third voltage divider resistor R2 and a fourth voltage divider resistor R1, and the voltage is reduced by a voltage divider composed of these two resistors.

[0105] Specifically, the voltage enters from the first terminal of the third voltage divider resistor R2 and then flows through the two resistors connected in series. The connection point (i.e., the junction of the second terminal of the third voltage divider resistor R2 and the first terminal of the fourth voltage divider resistor R1) outputs a reduced voltage signal, i.e., a buck signal. The second terminal of the fourth voltage divider resistor R1 is connected to ground, providing a stable reference potential.

[0106] In some embodiments, the third switching unit 101b includes a fifth switch M1 and a sixth switch Q1, wherein:

[0107] The controlled terminal of the sixth switch Q1 is connected to ground via the fifth switch M1; the input terminal of the sixth switch Q1 is connected to the power supply and is used to connect to the first level corresponding to the power supply; the output terminal of the sixth switch Q1 is used to connect to the control module 103; the controlled terminal of the fifth switch M1 serves as the controlled terminal of the third switch unit 101b and is used to control the sixth switch Q1 to conduct and output the first level as a wake-up signal when the step-down signal reaches the preset voltage range.

[0108] Specifically, the function of the sixth switch Q1 is to transmit a specific power supply level (referred to as the first level) to the control module 103, but it will only conduct under specific conditions (such as a level change caused by the conduction of the fifth switch M1). The function of the fifth switch M1 is to monitor the voltage of the buck signal; when this signal reaches a preset voltage range, the fifth switch M1 will conduct. At this time, the level of the controlled terminal of the sixth switch Q1 changes, and the sixth switch Q1 will also conduct, outputting the first power supply level as a wake-up signal.

[0109] In some embodiments, the third switching unit 101b further includes a pull-down resistor R11, which is connected between the output terminal of the sixth switch Q1 and ground. The function of R11 is to pull down the output voltage of the sixth switch Q1 to a set level (such as the level when grounded), i.e., a second level, when the sixth switch Q1 is open. This second level is typically the voltage level required when the control module 103 is in a sleep state, meaning that at this level, the control module 103 will not be woken up, thus maintaining a low-power state.

[0110] In some embodiments, the third switching unit 101b further includes resistors R1 and R2 for dividing the voltage at the controlled terminal of the fifth switch M1, and resistors R3 and R4 for dividing the voltage at the controlled terminal of the sixth switch Q1.

[0111] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the ports in the battery management system provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 As shown, the first port is ON / CRG (i.e. Figure 3 Port 4 (labeled as 4) is defined as the port in the battery management system connector used for wake-up function, i.e., the signal port during charging and discharging. It is mainly used to transmit control signals to detect the charging and discharging status and wake up the battery management system (BMS). The second port, P+, is defined as the port in the battery management system connector used for outputting positive voltage, i.e., the power port during charging and discharging. It is responsible for the actual power transmission, ensuring normal charging and discharging. Simultaneously, by comparing the signal with the ON / CRG signal of the first port, it accurately identifies the charging interface status, preventing false wake-ups caused by water ingress into the interface. This embodiment separates control signals and power transmission by assigning different functions to the signal port and power port, avoiding the impact of signal interference and excessive current on signal transmission. This improves system reliability, reduces standby and sleep power consumption, and enhances user experience and battery life.

[0112] also, Figure 3 The port numbered 1 is used to connect the communication line (K-line) during discharge. Figure 3 The port numbered 2 is used to connect the communication line (K-line) during charging. Figure 3 Port number 3 is inactive.

[0113] It should be noted that, Figure 2 The resistor Rup in the diagram is the equivalent resistance, representing the impedance between the first and second ports during water inflow. Specifically, when the ON / CRG signal is connected to P+, the voltage divider between resistors R1 and R2 ensures that the MOSFET can be turned on within the operating range of 25 to 70V. Next, Q1 performs level shifting. When the ON / CRG signal is validly connected, M1 conducts, and R3 pulls the base of Q1 to ground, turning Q1 on and generating a high-level MCU_ON / CRG_Wakeup signal, thus waking up the microcontroller (MCU).

[0114] Then, the system measures the voltages of P+ and ON / CRG. The MCU first enables MCU_P+_EN for 50ms, closes Q5, and pulls the base of Q4 to ground through R15, turning Q4 on. At this time, the voltage of P+ is divided by R9 and R10 and transmitted to the MCU, denoted as V1 = (V bat ×R10) / (R10+R9). Afterwards, the MCU enables MCU_ON / CRG_EN for 50ms, closing Q3 and pulling the base of Q2 low via R6, turning Q2 on. The voltage of ON / CRG is then divided by Rup, R9, and R10 and fed into the MCU, denoted as V2 = (V bat ×R10) / (R10+R9+Rup).

[0115] Next, by calculating the ratio of V2 to V1, K = V2 / V1, the MCU can determine the validity of the ON / CRG signal. Experiments show that when water enters the interface, the equivalent resistance of Rup is between 100kΩ and 300kΩ. R10 can be designed to be 51kΩ, and R9 to be 1110kΩ. When Rup is 100kΩ, K1 is calculated to be 0.88; when Rup is 300kΩ, K2 is calculated to be 0.71. Therefore, when MCU_ON / CRG_Wakeup is high and 0.71 ≤ K ≤ 0.88, the system determines that the interface may have water ingress, and the MCU enters sleep mode. When K < 0.71, the interface is considered open-circuited, and the MCU also enters sleep mode. When K > 0.88, the interface is considered normal, and the MCU continues to operate normally.

[0116] Based on the same technical concept, this application also provides a wake-up control method, which is applied to the wake-up control circuit of any of the above embodiments, and the executing entity may be, but is not limited to, a microcontroller (MCU).

[0117] refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the wake-up control method provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the wake-up control method includes at least the following steps:

[0118] S401: Obtain a wake-up signal, which is generated based on the first voltage signal of the first port;

[0119] S403: Acquire a first reference voltage signal and a second reference voltage signal, wherein the first reference voltage signal is generated based on the first voltage signal and the second reference voltage signal is generated based on the second voltage signal of the second port;

[0120] S405: Calculate a verification signal that represents the ratio of the first reference voltage signal and the second reference voltage signal, and verify the wake-up signal based on the verification signal;

[0121] S407: When the verification signal is within the preset threshold range, control the current working state to be in sleep mode; otherwise, control the current working state to be in wake-up mode.

[0122] This method verifies the validity of the wake-up signal generated based on the first voltage signal input from the first port by comparing the ratio of the corresponding reference signal generated based on the dual-port input signal. This enables reliable filtering of wake-up requests in interference / false triggering scenarios, thereby avoiding false wake-ups and reducing power consumption. At the same time, it can enter sleep mode in time when the verification passes and wake up quickly when the verification fails, improving the stability and responsiveness of the system.

[0123] In some embodiments, the process of verifying the wake-up signal based on the verification signal can be as follows:

[0124] First, based on the minimum / maximum resistance between the first and second ports under water ingress conditions, a threshold range for the verification signal is set. When the real-time verification signal falls within this range, it is determined to be an abnormal trigger caused by water ingress, and the system remains in sleep mode; otherwise, it is considered a valid wake-up, and the system enters the wake-up state. This can suppress false wake-ups under abnormal conditions such as water ingress.

[0125] Further details can be found in the circuit implementation section above, and will not be repeated here.

[0126] Based on the same technical concept, embodiments of this application also provide a battery management system. This battery management system includes the wake-up control circuit of any of the above embodiments.

[0127] Based on the same technical concept, this application also provides an electric vehicle. The electric vehicle includes the aforementioned battery management system and power battery pack.

[0128] It should be noted that the order of description of the embodiments in this application is not intended to limit the priority of the embodiments.

[0129] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in this application and in its specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0130] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the term "connected" or "linked" in this application includes not only directly connecting two entities, but also indirectly connecting them through other entities that have beneficial improvement effects.

[0131] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of protection of the claims. All equivalent transformations made based on the technical concept of this application and the content of the description and drawings of this application, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the scope of patent protection of this application.

Claims

1. A wake-up control circuit, characterized in that, include: The wake-up module is used to receive the first voltage signal from the first port and generate a corresponding wake-up signal; The conversion module is used to receive the first voltage signal from the first port and the second voltage signal from the second port, and generate a first reference voltage signal and a second reference voltage signal; The control module is configured to receive the first reference voltage signal and the second reference voltage signal, calculate a verification signal representing the ratio of the first reference voltage signal and the second reference voltage signal, and verify the wake-up signal based on the verification signal; The control module is used to control the current working state to be in a sleep state when the verification signal is within a preset threshold range, and otherwise control the current working state to be in a wake-up state; the upper limit of the preset threshold range is determined based on the minimum resistance between the first port and the second port when water enters, and the lower limit of the preset threshold range is determined based on the maximum resistance between the first port and the second port when water enters. The conversion module includes: A first switching unit has its input terminal connected to the first port for receiving the first voltage signal; the controlled terminal of the first switching unit is connected to a third port for receiving a third signal from the third port to control the first voltage signal to be output to the output terminal of the first switching unit. The first conversion unit has its input terminal connected to the output terminal of the first switching unit, and is used to convert the first voltage signal output from the output terminal of the first switching unit to obtain the first reference voltage signal; the output terminal of the first conversion unit is used to output the first reference voltage signal to the control module. The second switching unit has its input terminal connected to the second port for receiving the second voltage signal; the controlled terminal of the second switching unit is connected to the fourth port for receiving the fourth signal from the fourth port to control the output of the second voltage signal to the output terminal of the second switching unit. The second conversion unit has its input terminal connected to the output terminal of the second switching unit. It is used to convert the second voltage signal output from the output terminal of the second switching unit to obtain the second reference voltage signal. The output terminal of the second conversion unit is used to output the second reference voltage signal to the control module. The wake-up module includes: A step-down unit, the input terminal of which is connected to the first port, is used to receive the first voltage signal and perform step-down processing to obtain a step-down signal; The third switching unit, whose controlled terminal is connected to the output terminal of the step-down unit, is used to change the switching state and output the wake-up signal to the control module when the step-down signal reaches a preset voltage range.

2. The wake-up control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first conversion unit and the second conversion unit time-division multiplex the same voltage conversion circuit; The control module is used to output a first enable signal for controlling the first switching unit to turn on and a second enable signal for controlling the second switching unit to turn on in a time-division multiplexing manner, so as to use the voltage conversion circuit to detect the first reference voltage signal and the second reference voltage signal in a time-division multiplexing manner.

3. The wake-up control circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The voltage conversion circuit includes a first voltage divider resistor and a second voltage divider resistor, wherein: The first end of the first voltage divider resistor serves as the input terminal of the voltage conversion circuit; the second end of the first voltage divider resistor is connected to the first end of the second voltage divider resistor; the first end of the second voltage divider resistor serves as the output terminal of the voltage conversion circuit, outputting the first reference voltage signal or the second reference voltage signal; the second end of the second voltage divider resistor is connected to ground.

4. The wake-up control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first switching unit includes a first switch and a second switch, wherein: The controlled terminal of the first switch serves as the controlled terminal of the first switch unit; the controlled terminal of the second switch is connected to ground via the first switch; the input terminal of the second switch serves as the input terminal of the first switch unit; and the output terminal of the second switch serves as the output terminal of the first switch unit.

5. The wake-up control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second switching unit includes a third switch and a fourth switch, wherein: The controlled terminal of the third switch serves as the controlled terminal of the second switch unit; the controlled terminal of the fourth switch is connected to ground via the third switch; the input terminal of the fourth switch serves as the input terminal of the second switch unit; and the output terminal of the fourth switch serves as the output terminal of the second switch unit.

6. The wake-up control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conversion module also includes: The first reverse connection protection unit is used to suppress reverse current flowing to the output terminal of the first switching unit. The second reverse connection protection unit is used to suppress reverse current flowing to the output terminal of the second switching unit. The output terminal of the second switching unit is connected to the input terminal of the second conversion unit through the second reverse connection protection unit.

7. The wake-up control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step-down unit includes a third voltage divider resistor and a fourth voltage divider resistor, wherein: The first end of the third voltage divider resistor serves as the input terminal of the step-down unit; the second end of the third voltage divider resistor is connected to the first end of the fourth voltage divider resistor; the first end of the fourth voltage divider resistor serves as the output terminal of the step-down unit for outputting the step-down signal; the second end of the fourth voltage divider resistor is connected to ground.

8. The wake-up control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third switching unit includes a fifth switch and a sixth switch, wherein: The controlled terminal of the sixth switch is connected to ground via the fifth switch; the input terminal of the sixth switch is connected to the power supply and is used to access the first level corresponding to the power supply; the output terminal of the sixth switch is used to connect to the control module; the controlled terminal of the fifth switch serves as the controlled terminal of the third switch unit and is used to control the sixth switch to conduct and output the first level as a wake-up signal when the step-down signal reaches a preset voltage range.

9. The wake-up control circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that, The third switch unit further includes a pull-down resistor connected between the output terminal of the sixth switch and ground, used to pull the output terminal of the sixth switch to a second level when the sixth switch is open, the second level being the level when the control module is in sleep mode.

10. The wake-up control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first port is a port in the connector of the battery management system used to implement the wake-up function; the second port is a port in the connector of the battery management system used to output positive voltage.

11. A wake-up control method, characterized in that, The wake-up control method is executed based on any one of the wake-up control circuits in claims 1-10, comprising: Obtain a wake-up signal, which is generated based on a first voltage signal from a first port; Acquire a first reference voltage signal and a second reference voltage signal, wherein the first reference voltage signal is generated based on the first voltage signal and the second reference voltage signal is generated based on the second voltage signal of the second port; A verification signal representing the ratio of the first reference voltage signal and the second reference voltage signal is calculated, and the wake-up signal is verified based on the verification signal.

12. The wake-up control method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The verification of the wake-up signal based on the verification signal includes: When the verification signal is within a preset threshold range, the current working state is controlled to be in a sleep state; otherwise, the current working state is controlled to be in a wake-up state. The upper limit of the preset threshold range is related to the minimum resistance / maximum resistance between the first port and the second port when water enters, and the lower limit of the preset threshold range is related to the maximum resistance / minimum resistance between the first port and the second port when water enters.

13. A battery management system, characterized in that, Includes the wake-up control circuit according to any one of claims 1-10.

14. An electric vehicle, characterized in that, It includes the battery management system and power battery pack as described in claim 13.

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