A wind power tower single-blade hoisting structure and a single-blade hoisting method

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of wind power and particularly relates to a single-blade hoisting structure and method for a wind power tower, which comprises a tower body of a wind power tower, a nacelle fixedly connected to the top of the tower body, a main shaft arranged on one side of the nacelle, a hub fixedly connected to the front end of the main shaft, a blade fixedly connected to the side of the hub, a hoisting support pulley mechanism arranged on the blade that is not hoisted on the hub, the hoisting support pulley mechanism comprising a support seat fixed to the root of the blade, a first support wheel rotatably connected to the support seat and surrounding the root of the blade and rotating coaxially with the root of the blade, and a guide wheel mechanism arranged at the bottom of the support seat; the application further comprises a rope for lifting, one end of the rope being connected to a driving mechanism and the other end of the rope being used for connecting a blade to be replaced, and the rope being matched with the support wheel and the guide wheel mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of wind power, specifically relating to a single-blade hoisting structure and method for wind power towers. Background Technology

[0002] The construction of wind power equipment, from the tower to the nacelle and hub blades, all rely on large cranes. After the equipment is assembled, it leaves the site. However, after a certain period of use, the blades need to be replaced. If large cranes are called up again for the replacement and maintenance of the blades, the cycle is long and the cost is high. Therefore, a replacement method that does not require large cranes is needed.

[0003] The existing technology CN201580023089.6 proposes a method and system for disassembling and reinstalling wind turbine blades. By hanging pulleys on two blades that are not to be replaced, and letting ropes pass through the pulleys and tie them to the blades to be replaced for hoisting, it has been found in practice that in this scheme, the two blades that are not to be replaced only serve to determine the height of the pulleys, resulting in poor overall stability. Furthermore, the pulleys hanging on the blades act as independent rope supports, posing a significant construction risk during hoisting. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues of poor stability and significant safety risks associated with blade replacement, this invention provides a single-blade hoisting structure and method for wind power towers.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved in the following manner: a single-blade hoisting structure for a wind turbine tower, comprising a tower body 1 of a wind turbine tower, a nacelle 11 fixedly connected to the top of the tower body 1, a main shaft 12 provided on one side of the nacelle 11, a hub 13 fixedly connected to the front end of the main shaft 12, a blade 14 fixedly connected to the side of the hub 13, a lifting support pulley mechanism provided on the blade 14 not being hoisted on the hub 13, the lifting support pulley mechanism comprising a support seat 2, the support seat 2 being fixed to the root of the blade 14, a first support wheel 22 rotatably connected to the support seat 2, which surrounds the root of the blade 14 and rotates coaxially with the root of the blade 14, and a guide wheel mechanism 24 provided at the bottom of the support seat 2; It also includes a lifting rope 3, one end of which is connected to the drive mechanism, and the other end of which is used to connect to the blade 14 to be replaced. The rope 3 cooperates with the support wheel 22 and the guide wheel mechanism 24.

[0006] Furthermore, the support base 2 is fixedly connected to the side of the first inner ring 21, and the first inner ring 21 is rotatably connected to the first support wheel 22. The first inner ring 21 and the first support wheel 22 are rotatably connected by a first rotor 211. The outer ring of the first inner ring 21 and the inner ring of the first support wheel 22 are provided with rolling grooves for accommodating the first rotor 211. The outer ring of the first support wheel 22 is provided with a pulley groove 221 for carrying the rope 3. The support base 2 and the first inner ring 21 on the support base 2 are connected and fixed by at least two separate components, and the first support wheel 22 is connected and fixed by at least two separate components.

[0007] Furthermore, fixing ears 212 that can be fixed by connectors are provided between the separate components that make up the support base 2 or the first inner ring 21; the inner ring of the first inner ring 21 is fixedly connected to the gasket.

[0008] Furthermore, a fixing hole 213 is provided on the end face of the first inner ring 21 along the axial direction.

[0009] Furthermore, a rotating plate 25 is rotatably connected to each side of the bottom of the support base 2. Each rotating plate 25 is provided with a guide wheel mechanism 24. The guide wheel mechanism 24 includes a rotating shaft 241 fixedly connected to the rotating plate 25. A guide wheel 242 and a wire protection assembly 26 are rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 241.

[0010] Furthermore, the wire protection assembly 26 includes two wire protection plates 261. One end of each wire protection plate 261 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 241 and is located on both sides of the guide wheel 242. The other ends of the two wire protection plates 261 are fixedly connected to each other by a wire protection side plate 262. Two first wire protection rollers 263 are rotatably connected between the two wire protection side plates 262, and two second wire protection rollers 264 are rotatably connected between the two wire protection plates 261. The projections of the two first wire protection rollers 263 and the two second wire protection rollers 264 in the radial direction along the guide wheel 242 form a closed pattern.

[0011] Furthermore, the maximum distance from the rotating shaft 241 to the end of the wire guard plate 261 is greater than or equal to the minimum distance from the rotating shaft 241 to the axis of rotation between the rotating plate 25 and the support base 2.

[0012] Furthermore, the bottom of the tower body 1 is provided with a pulley 5 that corresponds to the lifting support pulley mechanism and cooperates with the rope 3. The driving mechanism connected to the rope 3 is a winch 4.

[0013] A method for hoisting a single blade of a wind turbine tower, the method comprising the following steps: S1. Brake the main shaft 12 of the wind turbine tower and control the braking force so that the blade 14 to be replaced faces the ground, and lock the main shaft 12. S2. Install and fix the lifting support pulley mechanism at the root of the two blades 14 that will not be replaced. Set a pulley 5 on each side of the bottom of the tower body 1 and set a winch 4 on the ground on each side of the tower body 1. S3. The winch 4 unwinds the rope 3 to discharge the material, and the rope 3 passes in sequence around the pulley 5, the guide wheel 242 on one side of the support seat 2, the first support wheel 22, and the guide wheel 242 on the other side of the support seat 2, and is connected and fixed to the blade 14 to be replaced. Both sets of lifting support pulley mechanisms realize this connection structure, so that the blade 14 to be replaced is connected and fixed on both sides. S4. Connect one end of the fixed attitude adjustment rope 34 to the bottom of the blade 14 to be replaced, and connect the other end of the attitude adjustment rope 34 to the pulling mechanism. S5. Remove the connecting bolts between the flange of the blade 14 to be replaced and the flange of the hub 13 to separate the blade 14 from the hub 13. S6. The winch 4 lowers the blade 14 to be replaced by the rope 3, and at the same time, the attitude adjustment rope 34 gradually flattens the blade 14 to be replaced until it is laid flat on the ground.

[0014] Compared to existing technologies, the support wheel of this invention for supporting the lifting rope is arranged around the blade, that is, the blade itself serves as the bottom support for the lifting rope, thus possessing sufficient stability and strength. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a wind turbine tower; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the single-blade hoisting structure of a wind turbine tower; Figure 3 This is an enlarged view of a single blade being hoisted onto a wind turbine tower; Figure 4 This is a side view of the lifting support pulley mechanism; Figure 5 This is the front view of the lifting support pulley mechanism; Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the lifting support pulley mechanism; Figure 7 This is a top view of the cable protection assembly; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the hub hoisting structure of a wind turbine tower; Figure 9 This is an exploded view of a lifting pulley mechanism; Figure 10 yes Figure 8 Enlarged view of point A in the middle, schematic diagram of the rope connector structure; Figure 11 This is a preliminary hoisting diagram of the wind turbine tower hub; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the lever lifting support structure; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the mid-stage hoisting of the wind turbine tower hub; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram showing the wind turbine hub being hoisted into place.

[0016] Among them, the tower body 1, the nacelle 11, the main shaft 12, the hub 13, and the blades 14; Support base 2, first inner ring 21, first rotor 211, fixing ear 212, fixing hole 213, first support wheel 22, pulley groove 221, guide wheel mechanism 24, rotating shaft 241, guide wheel 242, rotating plate 25, wire protection assembly 26, wire protection plate 261, wire protection side plate 262, first wire protection roller 263, second wire protection roller 264; Rope 3, main support cable 31, guide cable 32, prying rope 33, attitude adjustment rope 34; 4. Hoisting winch 41. Material take-up and unload winch 42. Skid winch 43; Pulley 5, pry guide pulley 51; Lifting pulley mechanism 6, second inner ring 61, second rotor 611, second support wheel 62, second pulley groove 621; Lever lifting bracket 7, main support plate 71, mounting plate 72, rocker 73, first connecting part 74, second connecting part 75; Rope connector 8, fixing seat 81, connecting hook 82. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention.

[0019] As attached Figure 1-7 As shown in the attached diagram, a single-blade hoisting structure for a wind turbine tower is described. Figure 1 As shown, the wind power generation tower includes a tower body 1, a nacelle 11 is fixedly connected to the top of the tower body 1, a main shaft 12 is provided on one side of the nacelle 11, a hub 13 is fixedly connected to the front end of the main shaft 12, and blades 14 are fixedly connected to the side of the hub 13. A lifting support pulley mechanism is provided on the blades 14 that are not hoisted on the hub 13.

[0020] As attached Figure 2-3 As shown, the lifting support pulley mechanism includes a support base 2, which is preferably a plate-shaped structure. The support base 2 is fixed to the root of the blade 14. The root of the blade 14 is cylindrical and has a flange for fixing to the flange on the hub 13 by bolts. A first support wheel 22 is rotatably connected to the support base 2, surrounding the root of the blade 14 and rotating coaxially with the root of the blade 14. A guide wheel mechanism 24 is provided at the bottom of the support base 2. Since the first support wheel 22 rotates coaxially with the root of the blade 14, i.e. Figure 3 As shown, the end face of the first support wheel 22 deviates significantly from the angle of the hoisting rope 3, so the guide wheel mechanism 24 is used to adapt to the hoisting angle. It also includes a lifting rope 3. One end of the rope 3 is connected to the drive mechanism, and the other end of the rope 3 is used to connect to the blade 14 to be replaced. Specifically, the blade 14 is covered and tied with a special hoisting sleeve. The end of the rope 3 is connected and fixed to the sleeve. The sleeve structure is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. The rope 3 cooperates with the support wheel 22 and the guide wheel mechanism 24.

[0021] Further details are attached. Figure 4-6 As shown, the support base 2 is fixedly connected to the side of the first inner ring 21. The two can be integrally cast or welded together. The support base 2 inside the first inner ring 21 has a through hole to accommodate the root of the blade 14. The first inner ring 21 is rotatably connected to the first support wheel 22. The first inner ring 21 and the first support wheel 22 are rotatably connected by a first rotor 211, forming a bearing-like structure. The outer ring of the first inner ring 21 and the inner ring of the first support wheel 22 are provided with rolling grooves for accommodating the first rotor 211. The outer ring of the first support wheel 22 is provided with a pulley groove 221 for carrying the rope 3. Preferably, the pulley groove 221 is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the first support wheel 22 is concave in the direction of the support base 2. This is because, in the usage state, the first support wheel 22 is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the rope 3 is placed at an angle, which makes it difficult for the rope 3 to come out. The support base 2 and the first inner ring 21 on the support base 2 are connected and fixed by at least two separate components. The first support wheel 22 is also connected and fixed by at least two separate components, or it can be composed of three or more separate components. Here, we take two separate components in the figure as an example. The first inner ring 21 and the first support wheel 22 are both spliced ​​together by two half rings, so as to form a splice at the root of the blade 14.

[0022] The connection between multiple split components can be achieved by fixing a fixing lug 212 to each split component, with the fixing lugs 212 of adjacent split components abutting against each other, and fixing the fixing lugs 212 together using a connector such as a bolt to secure the split components; or by creating a bolt mounting groove inside the split component and connecting it with bolts. Both connection methods are applicable in... Figure 6 This is reflected in both.

[0023] The fixing between the lifting support pulley mechanism and the blade 14 hub 13 has two preferred methods, and the specific method to be selected depends on the on-site construction conditions.

[0024] 1. Fixing lugs 212 that can be fixed by connectors are provided between the separate components that make up the support base 2 or the first inner ring 21; the inner ring of the first inner ring 21 is fixedly connected with a gasket, that is, the blade 14 root is surrounded and tightly hugged by the separate components, and the gasket ensures the tightness and stability. This method is applicable to most wind turbine towers, but the disadvantage is that the stability of the connection with the wind turbine tower is relatively poor.

[0025] 2. A fixing hole 213 is provided on the end face of the first inner ring 21 along the axial direction. Specifically, this fixing method is for cases where the flanges of the hub 13 and blade 14 are exposed. In this case, 6-10 bolts on the flange of the blade 14 that is not to be replaced are removed. After the lifting support pulley mechanism is surrounded around the root of the blade 14, the lifting support pulley mechanism is connected and fixed to the flanges of the blade 14 and the hub 13 by passing through the fixing hole 213 with a long bolt. This structure is visible. Figure 3 This connection structure offers greater stability, but requires a specific wind turbine tower structure.

[0026] Furthermore, a rotating plate 25 is rotatably connected to each side of the bottom of the support base 2. The rotating plate 25 and the support base 2 are preferably hinged together. Each rotating plate 25 is provided with a guide wheel mechanism 24. The guide wheel mechanism 24 includes a rotating shaft 241 fixedly connected to the rotating plate 25. A guide wheel 242 and a wire protection assembly 26 are rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 241. The purpose of the guide wheel mechanism 24 is, as shown in the attached... Figure 3 As shown, the rope 3, which is inclined and set on the first support wheel 22, is guided and rotates adaptively with the lifting and lowering of the blade 14 to prevent it from coming off.

[0027] Further details are attached. Figure 7As shown, the cable protection assembly 26 includes two cable protection plates 261. One end of each cable protection plate 261 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 241, and the two cable protection plates 261 are respectively located on both sides of the guide wheel 242. The other ends of the two cable protection plates 261 are respectively fixedly connected to each other by a cable protection side plate 262, forming a cable protection cylinder structure. Two first cable protection rollers 263 are rotatably connected between the two cable protection side plates 262. The two first cable protection rollers 263 are preferably arranged in parallel. Two second cable protection rollers 264 are rotatably connected between the two cable protection plates 261. The two second cable protection rollers 264 are preferably arranged in parallel, and the first cable protection rollers 263 and the second cable protection rollers 264 are arranged crosswise and preferably perpendicularly. The first cable protection rollers 263 and the second cable protection rollers 264 preferably form a height difference of less than 50mm. The projections of the two first cable protection rollers 263 and the two second cable protection rollers 264 in the radial direction along the guide wheel 242 form a closed shape, that is, to form a covering protection for the passing rope 3.

[0028] Furthermore, the maximum distance from the rotating shaft 241 to the end of the cable guard plate 261 is greater than or equal to the minimum distance from the rotating shaft 241 to the axis of rotation between the rotating plate 25 and the support base 2. The purpose of setting up the cable guard assembly 26 and the aforementioned limitations on it is that, since the first support wheel 22 and the guide wheel mechanism 24 often have an angle difference of more than 30° in the working state, the rope 3 is prone to repeated friction at the angle between the support base 2 and the rotating plate 25, causing damage. Therefore, the purpose of the cable guard assembly 26 is to ensure that, under the continuous adaptive rotation of the rotating plate 25, the rope 3 between the support base 2 and the rotating plate 25 is always protected by the cable guard assembly 26.

[0029] Furthermore, the bottom of the tower body 1 is provided with a pulley 5 corresponding to the lifting support pulley mechanism and cooperating with the rope 3 for guidance. The driving mechanism connected to the rope 3 is a winch 4.

[0030] Furthermore, a method for hoisting a single blade of a wind turbine tower includes the following steps: S1. Brake the main shaft 12 of the wind power tower and control the braking force so that the blade 14 to be replaced faces the ground, and lock the main shaft 12. The braking and locking mechanism is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. S2. Install and fix the lifting support pulley mechanism at the root of the two blades 14 that will not be replaced. The specific installation structure is described above. Set a pulley 5 on each side of the bottom of the tower body 1, and set a winch 4 on the ground on each side of the tower body 1. S3. The winch 4 unwinds the rope 3, allowing it to pass sequentially around the pulley 5, the guide wheel 242 on one side of the support base 2, the first support wheel 22, and the guide wheel 242 on the other side of the support base 2. The rope 3 is then connected and fixed to the blade 14 to be replaced. The rope 3's movement from the pulley 5 to the first support wheel 22 can be achieved by workers at the top of the tower using a hand-cranked hoist or a small electric hoist to lower the connecting rope, which is then fixed to the rope 3 and wound up. The end of the rope 3 is then led to the top of the tower and installed in conjunction with the lifting support pulley mechanism. Alternatively, it can be achieved using a crane with pre-installed small equipment within the nacelle 13. Both sets of lifting support pulley mechanisms implement this connection structure. The connection method on both sides is as follows: Figure 2 The symmetrical arrangement forms two sets of hoisting structures, which connect and fix the blade 14 to be replaced on both sides. S4. Connect one end of the fixed attitude adjustment rope 34 to the bottom of the blade 14 to be replaced, and connect the other end of the attitude adjustment rope 34 to the pulling mechanism. The pulling mechanism can be a tractor or a winch. S5. Remove the connecting bolts between the flange of the blade 14 to be replaced and the flange of the hub 13 to separate the blade 14 from the hub 13. S6. The winch 4 lowers the blade 14 to be replaced via the rope 3, and at the same time, the attitude adjustment rope 34 gradually flattens the blade 14 to be replaced to prevent it from colliding with the ground until the blade 14 to be replaced is laid flat on the ground.

[0031] The method for installing the new blade 14 is the same as above. After the blade 14 to be replaced is removed, the new blade 14 is placed in the corresponding position. The fixing rope 3 and the attitude adjustment rope 34 are connected in sequence. The winch 4 drives the new blade 14 to rise through the rope 3. At the same time, the attitude adjustment rope 34 gradually straightens the new blade 14 until the flange at the root of the new blade 14 corresponds to the flange of the hub 13, and the two are connected and fixed.

[0032] As attached Figure 8-14 As shown, a wind turbine tower hub hoisting structure includes a tower body 1, a nacelle 11 fixedly connected to the top of the tower body 1, a main shaft 12 on one side of the nacelle 11, and a hub 13 fixedly connected to the front end of the main shaft 12. A lifting pulley mechanism 6 is arranged around the main shaft 12, and a rope 3 is supported on the lifting pulley mechanism 6. One end of the rope 3 is connected to a drive mechanism, and the other end of the rope 3 is connected to a lever lifting bracket 7. One end of the lever lifting bracket 7 is used to fix the hub 13, and the other end of the lever lifting bracket 7 is used to connect to a force-applying device to lift and adjust the attitude of the end where the hub 13 is located.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention sets the lifting support wheel on the main shaft 12 with sufficient strength, so that the hoisting has sufficient stability. In order to compensate for the insufficient hoisting height, the hub 13 can be further lifted to a suitable position for assembly by lever lifting bracket 7, so that the replacement of hub and even the overall replacement of hub blades no longer depends on the crane.

[0034] Further details are attached. Figure 12 As shown, the lever lifting bracket 7 includes a main support plate 71, with a mounting plate 72 rotatably connected to the front end of the main support plate 71. The two are preferably fixed in a hinge-like manner. The mounting plate 72 is used for mounting and fixing to the flange on the hub 13. Specifically, the rear end of the hub 13, which mates with the main shaft 12, is an inner flange. The mounting plate 72 has mounting holes corresponding to the inner flange portion. The mounting plate 72 covers 1 / 4 to 1 / 2 of the rear end inner flange of the hub 13, leaving a gap for the rear end inner flange of the hub 13 after hoisting into place. The inner flange of the hub 13 is initially connected and fixed to the flange on the main shaft 12 using a continuous bolt. As the mounting plate 72 rotates, causing its side to abut against the main support plate 71, the main support plate 71 limits the rotation of the mounting plate 72. Specifically, the mounting plate 72 is perpendicular to the main support plate 71 in its normal state, and has 270°±20° of rotational freedom on the main support plate 71. When the main support plate 71 is nearly upright, the lower end of the mounting plate 72 abuts against the main support plate 71, thus limiting its rotation. Figure 14 As shown; the top of the main support plate 71 is provided with a first connecting part 74, which is used to connect the rope 3. The rear end of the main support plate 71 extends out to the two oblique rear sides with two rocker plates 73 respectively. The rocker plates 73 and the main support plate 71 are preferably on the same plane, and the rocker plates 73 and the main support plate 71 form an angle of 110° to 160°. A second connecting part 75 is provided on each of the two rocker plates 73. The second connecting part 75 is used to connect one end of the prying rope 33, and the other end of the prying rope 33 is connected to the force application device.

[0035] Further details are attached. Figure 13 As shown, a pry guide pulley 51 is provided at the bottom of the tower body 1, and a pry winch 43 is provided on the ground to the side of the pry guide pulley 51. The end of the pry rope 33 passes through the pry guide pulley 51 and is connected to the pry winch 43.

[0036] Furthermore, a reinforcing rib structure is fixedly connected to the bottom of the main support plate 71. Preferably, a main reinforcing rib is fixed to the bottom of the main support plate 71, and secondary reinforcing ribs extend from the bottom end of the main reinforcing rib to the front end of the main support plate 71 and the two rocker arms 73, respectively, to provide reinforced support for the lever lifting bracket 7's prying action.

[0037] Furthermore, the lifting pulley mechanism 6 includes a second inner ring 61, with a second support wheel 62 rotatably connected to the outer side of the second inner ring 61. The second inner ring 61 and the second support wheel 62 are rotatably connected by a second rotor 611. The outer ring of the second inner ring 61 and the inner ring of the second support wheel 62 are provided with rolling grooves for accommodating the second rotor 611. The outer ring of the second support wheel 62 is provided with a second pulley groove 621 for carrying the rope 3. The second inner ring 61 and the second support wheel 62 are respectively formed by connecting and fixing at least two separate components.

[0038] The lifting pulley mechanism 6 is similar to the lifting support pulley mechanism described above. Both are bearing-like structures, and the connection method between the multiple split components, as described above, can be achieved by fixing a fixing lug on each split component, with the fixing lugs of adjacent split components abutting against each other, and fixing the fixing lugs together with a connector such as a bolt to secure the split components; or by creating bolt mounting grooves within the split components and connecting them with bolts. Both connection methods are described below. Figure 6 .

[0039] The fixing of the lifting pulley mechanism 6 on the main shaft 12 is also as described above. The split components that make up the second inner ring 61 are provided with fixing ears that can be fixed by connecting parts; the inner ring of the second inner ring 61 is fixedly connected with a gasket, that is, the split components enclose and hug the root of the main shaft 12, and the gasket ensures a stable hug.

[0040] Furthermore, since the hoisting of the hub 13 and blade 14 may be involved, the rope 3 is required to have sufficient strength. The rope 3 includes a main support steel cable 31 for bearing the load during hoisting. The main support steel cable 31 is selected as a composite steel cable of 150mm~40mm depending on the hoisting weight, and a guide steel cable 32 for guiding the main support steel cable 31. The guide steel cable 32 can be a thinner steel cable, the purpose of which is to guide the main support steel cable 31 to the hoisting line. A pulley 5 is set on each side of the bottom of the tower body 1. A hoisting winch 41 and a material handling winch 42 are respectively arranged on the ground on both sides of the bottom of the tower body 1. The guide steel cable 32 is wound on the hoisting winch 41, and the main support steel cable 31 is wound on the material handling winch 42 for convenient transportation, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 8 As shown, one end of the guide cable 32 passes sequentially around the pulley 5 on one side of the bottom of the tower body 1, the lifting pulley mechanism 6, and the pulley 5 on the other side of the bottom of the tower body 1, and connects with the main support cable 31. The main support cable 31 and the guide cable 32 are connected by a rope connector 8. Since the guide cable 32 is a thin steel cable, it is relatively light. Its head end goes from the pulley 5 to the second support wheel 62. This can be achieved by workers at the top of the tower using a hand-cranked hoist or a small electric hoist to lower the connecting rope, which is then fixed to the guide cable 32 and wound up to guide the head end of the guide cable 32 to the top of the tower and installed and cooperate with the lifting pulley mechanism 6. Alternatively, it can be achieved by a crane that relies on the small equipment preset in the nacelle 13.

[0041] Further details are attached. Figure 10 As shown, the rope connector 8 includes a fixing seat 81, which is sleeved and fixed to the end of the main support steel cable 31. The two are preferably interference fit and further fixed by welding, so that they can be fixed as one piece during production and do not need to be disassembled later. A connecting hook 82 is fixed to the front end of the fixing seat 81, which is used to bind and fix with the guide steel cable 32.

[0042] Furthermore, a method for hoisting the hub of a wind turbine tower includes the following steps: S1. Install two pulleys 5 and two pry guide pulleys 51 at the bottom of the tower body 1 respectively, and arrange two pry winches 43 with pry ropes 33 wound around, one lifting winch 41 with guide steel cable 32 wound around, and one material take-up and unload winch 42 with main support steel cable 31 wound around at the corresponding position on the side of the tower body 1. S2. Brake the main shaft 12 of the wind power tower and lock the main shaft 12, and assemble and fix the lifting pulley mechanism 6 on the main shaft 12. S3, as attached Figure 8 As shown, the fixing seat 81 of the rope connector 8 is fixed to the head end of the main support steel cable 31, the guide steel cable 32 is passed around the pulley 5 on one side of the tower body 1, the top end of the guide steel cable 32 is received at the top of the tower body 1 and the guide steel cable 32 is made to cooperate with the lifting pulley mechanism 6, the guide steel cable 32 then passes around the lifting pulley mechanism 6 and the pulley 5 on the other side of the tower body 1, and then the end of the guide steel cable 32 is connected to the connecting hook 82 of the fixing rope connector 8; S4. The hoisting winch 41 continuously winds up until the guide cable 32 is completely retracted and the main support cable 31 connected by the guide cable 32 is wound on the hoisting winch 41, that is, the entire support line is completely composed of the main support cable 31. S5, as attached Figure 11 As shown, the other end of the main support steel cable 31 is connected to the first connecting part 74 of the lever lifting bracket 7, and the ends of the prying ropes 33 of the two prying winches 43 are taken out respectively, passed around a prying guide pulley 51 and fixedly connected to a second connecting part 75 respectively. S6. Connect the flange at the rear end of the hub 13 to the mounting plate 72 of the lever lifting bracket 7 using the connecting parts, i.e., bolts. S7, as attached Figure 11 As shown, with the hub 13 lying flat, the lifting winch 41 drives the lever lifting bracket 7 to rise, and then... (See attached diagram) Figure 13 As shown, the lever-pulling winch 43 rewinds, causing the front end of the lever lifting bracket 7 to tilt up until it reaches the position shown in the attached diagram. Figure 14As shown, the mounting plate 72 is rotated to abut against the main support plate 71, the rear end of the hub 13 corresponds to the front end of the main shaft 12, and the hub 13 rises to the height corresponding to the main shaft 12, so that the height of the hub 13 can be higher than the height of the first connecting part 74 of the hoisting. After it is in place, the position can be finely adjusted by two prying winches 43 performing different pulling actions. S8. The empty part of the inner flange at the rear end of the hub 13 that is not connected to the mounting plate 72 is initially fixed to the main shaft 12 and the hub 13 under static conditions by using long bolts and / or other connecting ropes. There is still a gap between the two on the horizontal plane. The head end of the lever lifting bracket 7 is in the gap. Then the connecting parts between the mounting plate 72 and the hub 13 are removed. S9. The hoisting winch 41 and the pry winch 43 release the coils synchronously, causing the hoisting pulley mechanism 6 to descend. Once the hoisting pulley mechanism 6 no longer interferes, the main shaft 12 and the hub 13 are connected, installed, and locked by means of jacks and internal ropes, thus completing the installation.

[0043] The above method is for the hoisting structure of a single hub 13. For the complete structure of the assembled hub impeller, the following is added: S6.1: Connect and fix the hub 13 and the blade 14 to form a complete impeller structure; S6.2: Connect one end of the fixed attitude adjustment rope 34 to each blade 14, and connect the other end of the attitude adjustment rope 34 to the pulling mechanism; S7.1: During the upward movement of the lever lifting support 7, the position of the blade 14 is controlled by the traction mechanism, while other methods remain unchanged.

[0044] The unloading method for hub 13 is similar to the method described above: The hub is pre-fixed using jacks and internal ropes; the continuous bolts connecting hub 13 to the flange of main shaft 12 are loosened; hub 13 is pushed outwards, leaving a gap for the lever lifting bracket 7 to pass through; and the mounting plate 72 is then fixed to hub 13. Afterwards, the jacks, internal ropes, and continuous bolts are completely removed; the lifting winch 41 and the pry winch 43 simultaneously release the winch, causing the lever lifting bracket 7 to... Figures 14-13 - Figure 11 The wheel hub changed its posture until it hit the ground.

[0045] The single blade 14 hoisting structure and method, and the hub 13 hoisting structure and method described above can be carried out simultaneously in one project. Some components can be used in two projects. The blade 14 and hub 13 can be replaced and hoisted sequentially, or the whole unit can be used. This depends on the specific operating conditions of the wind power equipment.

[0046] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the overall concept of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single-blade hoisting structure for a wind turbine tower, comprising a tower body (1) of a wind turbine tower, a nacelle (11) fixedly connected to the top of the tower body (1), a main shaft (12) provided on one side of the nacelle (11), a hub (13) fixedly connected to the front end of the main shaft (12), a blade (14) fixedly connected to the side of the hub (13), and a lifting support pulley mechanism provided on the blade (14) that is not hoisted on the hub (13), characterized in that: The lifting support pulley mechanism includes a support base (2), which is fixed to the root of the blade (14). A first support wheel (22) is rotatably connected to the support base (2), which is surrounded by the root of the blade (14) and rotates coaxially with the root of the blade (14). A guide wheel mechanism (24) is provided at the bottom of the support base (2). It also includes a rope (3) for lifting, one end of which is connected to the drive mechanism, and the other end of which is used to connect to the blade (14) to be replaced. The rope (3) cooperates with the support wheel (22) and the guide wheel mechanism (24). The support base (2) is fixedly connected to the side of the first inner ring (21), and the first inner ring (21) is rotatably connected to the first support wheel (22). The first inner ring (21) and the first support wheel (22) are rotatably connected by a first rotor (211). The outer ring of the first inner ring (21) and the inner ring of the first support wheel (22) are provided with rolling grooves for accommodating the first rotor (211). The outer ring of the first support wheel (22) is provided with a pulley groove (221) for carrying the rope (3). The support base (2) and the first inner ring (21) on the support base (2) are connected and fixed by at least two separate components. The first support wheel (22) is connected and fixed by at least two separate components. The support base (2) is rotatably connected to a rotating plate (25) on both sides of its bottom. Each rotating plate (25) is provided with a guide wheel mechanism (24). The guide wheel mechanism (24) includes a rotating shaft (241) fixedly connected to the rotating plate (25). A guide wheel (242) and a wire protection assembly (26) are rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (241).

2. The single-blade hoisting structure for a wind turbine tower as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The separate components that make up the support base (2) or the first inner ring (21) are provided with fixing ears (212) that can be fixed by connectors; the inner ring of the first inner ring (21) is fixedly connected to the gasket.

3. The single-blade hoisting structure for a wind turbine tower as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The first inner ring (21) has a fixing hole (213) arranged along the axial direction on its end face.

4. The single-blade hoisting structure for a wind turbine tower as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The wire protection assembly (26) includes two wire protection plates (261). One end of each wire protection plate (261) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (241) and located on both sides of the guide wheel (242). The other ends of the two wire protection plates (261) are fixedly connected to each other by a wire protection side plate (262). Two first wire protection rollers (263) are rotatably connected between the two wire protection side plates (262), and two second wire protection rollers (264) are rotatably connected between the two wire protection plates (261). The projections of the two first wire protection rollers (263) and the two second wire protection rollers (264) in the radial direction along the guide wheel (242) form a closed shape.

5. The single-blade hoisting structure for a wind turbine tower as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The maximum distance from the shaft (241) to the end of the wire guard plate (261) is greater than or equal to the minimum distance from the shaft (241) to the axis of rotation between the rotating plate (25) and the support base (2).

6. The single-blade hoisting structure for a wind turbine tower as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the tower body (1) is provided with a pulley (5) that corresponds to the lifting support pulley mechanism and cooperates with the rope (3). The driving mechanism connected to the rope (3) is a winch (4).

7. A method for hoisting a single blade of a wind turbine tower, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1. Brake the main shaft (12) of the wind power tower and control the braking force so that the blade (14) to be replaced faces the ground, and lock the main shaft (12); S2. Install and fix the lifting support pulley mechanism of the single blade hoisting structure of the wind power tower as described in any one of claims 1-6 at the root of the two blades (14) that are not replaced, and set a pulley (5) on each side of the bottom of the tower body (1), and set a winch (4) on the ground on each side of the tower body (1). S3. The winch (4) unwinds the rope (3) to discharge the material, so that the rope (3) passes through the pulley (5), the guide wheel (242) on one side of the support seat (2), the first support wheel (22), and the guide wheel (242) on the other side of the support seat (2) in sequence, and is connected and fixed to the blade (14) to be replaced. The two sets of lifting support pulley mechanisms are connected and fixed to both sides of the blade (14) to be replaced. S4. Connect one end of the fixed attitude adjustment rope (34) to the bottom of the blade (14) to be replaced, and connect the other end of the attitude adjustment rope (34) to the pulling mechanism. S5. Remove the connecting bolts between the flange of the blade (14) to be replaced and the flange of the hub (13) to separate the blade (14) from the hub (13). S6. The winch (4) lowers the blade (14) to be replaced by the rope (3), and at the same time, the attitude adjustment rope (34) gradually flattens the blade (14) to be replaced until the blade (14) to be replaced is laid flat on the ground.

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