A loading device and construction method for a bridge abutment torsion test

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of bridge engineering, in particular, it relates to a kind of bridge abutment torsion test loading device.The device includes support base, thrust bearing, radial bearing, flange plate, transmission shaft, loading device and coupling etc.Support base bottom is equipped with fixed bolt hole, is fixed with ground by high-strength anchor bolt.Pushing force bearing and radial bearing are installed on solid rod, for respectively bearing axial load and limiting radial displacement.Flange plate is fixedly connected with support base by bolt, and connecting block is installed on flange plate.Transmission shaft is connected with servo motor through coupling, to realize torque loading.The device is processed by precision machining and corrosion protection, to ensure the strength and durability of each component.After installation is completed, calibration and debugging are carried out, the fastening condition of all bolts is checked, and through no-load test and small load loading test, system parameters are optimized, so that it reaches design requirement.The device can provide accurate and stable torsion loading, is suitable for bridge abutment torsion performance test, improves test precision and reliability, provides technical support for bridge structure design and safety evaluation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a torsional testing loading device for bridge abutments and its installation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of bridge engineering, bridge abutments, as the supporting foundation of bridges, bear complex mechanical forces during bridge construction and use. Especially when subjected to horizontal torsional forces, the torsional resistance of bridge abutments is crucial to the stability and durability of the bridge. Therefore, studying the torsional resistance of bridge abutments and verifying it through experiments is an important means to ensure the structural safety of bridges.

[0003] Currently, torsional testing of bridge abutments typically relies on various loading devices and testing methods to simulate the torsional loads that bridge abutments may encounter in actual use, primarily simulating vertical loads (such as the bridge's self-weight and traffic loads). Horizontal torsional testing is relatively rare in traditional bridge abutment testing and is considered a special case, usually related to the abutment's seismic or wind resistance design. Furthermore, existing bridge abutment torsional testing equipment has some shortcomings. For example, existing testing equipment mainly simulates static or single loading methods, making it difficult to cover the various load types that bridge abutments may encounter (such as torsional moments in different directions and torsional loads of different magnitudes). In addition, existing loading devices may not be structurally compact enough to flexibly adapt to the testing needs of bridge abutments of different scales, or they may involve certain complexities during construction and installation, increasing the difficulty of the test.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for a bridge abutment torsional test loading device that can effectively simulate the torsional behavior of bridge abutments, ensure the stability of bridge abutments during the test, and simplify the operation steps in actual tests, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of the test. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a torsional loading device for bridge abutments and its manufacturing method. This device simulates horizontal loads. Its core idea is to use a multi-angle controllable drive shaft to achieve multi-angle torsional loading on the bridge abutment, thereby testing the torsional performance of the abutment under various working conditions, and to limit the displacement of the abutment in all directions by setting a support device at the bottom of the abutment.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention is as follows: a loading device for bridge abutment torsional testing, comprising: a loading device and a support device. The support device includes a solid rod, a thrust bearing and a radial bearing nested on the solid rod, a support base, and a flange connecting the support base and the solid rod. The loading device includes a servo motor and a transmission shaft coaxially connected at one end to the output shaft of the servo motor via a coupling. The solid rod is placed at the bridge abutment axis and fixedly connected to the bottom of the bridge abutment, and is fixedly installed in the groove of the connecting block. The thrust bearing is an angular contact ball bearing with a contact range of 15°-45°, used to simultaneously bear axial load and part of the radial load. The upper gasket of the thrust bearing is fixedly connected to the connecting block with a groove in the middle, so that the axial rotation of the bridge drives the thrust bearing to rotate. The lower gasket of the thrust bearing is fixedly connected to the flange, and the flange is bolted to the support base. The radial bearing is a double-row cylindrical roller bearing, with its inner ring fixedly connected to the solid rod and its outer ring fixedly connected to the hollow column. The drive shaft is a hollow stepped shaft, with one end fixed to the longitudinal axis of the hollow plate by bolts, and the other end coaxially connected to the output shaft of the servo motor by a coupling.

[0007] The installation method of the above-mentioned torsional test loading device includes the following steps:

[0008] First, install the bridge abutments and beams, and then use ground anchor bolts to secure the bottom of the bridge piers to the ground.

[0009] The base of the support device is then installed, and its bottom is fixed to the ground. The flange is bolted to the support base; the bottom of the thrust bearing is fixedly mounted on the flange, and its upper end is welded to the connecting block. The solid rod and hollow column are installed in the groove of the connecting block, the inner ring of the radial bearing is fixed to the solid rod, and the outer ring is fixedly connected to the hollow column. The upper end of the solid rod is fixed to the bottom of the bridge abutment, and the axes of the two coincide.

[0010] The hollow plate is nested at the end of the beam. One end of the drive shaft is fixed to the longitudinal axis of the hollow plate with bolts, and the other end is connected to the servo motor through a coupling.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0012] (1) Compared with existing devices, the present invention creatively proposes a bridge abutment horizontal torsion device, which adopts a transmission shaft that can be controlled at multiple angles, effectively providing the rotational torque of the bridge abutment around the axis, accurately controlling the torsion angle of the bridge abutment, and avoiding the errors and instabilities that may occur in traditional devices during the loading process.

[0013] (1) By setting a rotatable support device at the bottom of the bridge abutment, the present invention can effectively control the lateral and longitudinal displacement of the bridge abutment during the loading process, and bear the torque of the bridge abutment rotating around the axis through the thrust bearing. Compared with the problems of excessive displacement or structural instability that may exist in the prior art, the design of the present invention can improve the stability of the test and ensure that the obtained test data has high reliability.

[0014] (1) The design of this invention takes into account the diverse application needs of bridge abutments in different types of bridges and can adapt to bridge abutment tests of different scales and types. Its structure is simple and its functions are comprehensive, which can flexibly adapt to the test needs of different bridge projects and has strong universality. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a structural layout diagram of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a structural layout diagram of the support device;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a top view of the support structure.

[0018] In the diagram: 1-Servo motor; 2-Universal shaft; 3-Shaft tube; 4-Hollow plate; 5-Beam; 6-Bridge abutment; 7-Support device; 8-Solid rod; 9-Radial bearing; 10-Hollow column; 11-Connecting block; 12-Thrust bearing; 13-Flange; 14-Support base; 15-Bridge pier. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the above-mentioned features and advantages of the present invention more readily understood, specific embodiments are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto. A torsional testing loading device for a bridge abutment includes: a loading device and a support device 7. The support device 7 includes a solid rod 8, a thrust bearing 12 and a radial bearing 9 nested on the solid rod 8, a support base 14, and a flange 13 connecting the support base 14 and the solid rod 8. The loading device includes a servo motor 1, a drive shaft composed of a universal joint 2 and a shaft tube 3, and a hollow plate 4 nested at the beam end.

[0020] Bridge abutment 6 and beam 5 are the main objects of the test. The bottom of bridge pier 15 is fixed to the ground by bolts, and the bottom axis of bridge abutment 6 is fixed to the support device to facilitate the rotation of bridge abutment 6 around the axis.

[0021] The thrust bearing 12 is an angular contact ball bearing, and its inner ring is mounted on the solid rod 8. The radial bearing 9 is a double-row tapered roller bearing. During installation, the inner ring of the radial bearing 9 is welded to the solid rod 8, and the outer ring is welded to the hollow column 10.

[0022] Servo motor 1 is placed horizontally, with its rear end fixed to the reaction wall and its front end connected by bolts and a coupling. The coupling is connected to one end of the drive shaft by bolts, connecting the oil circuit and the electrical circuit of servo motor 1. The rotation of servo motor 1 drives the drive shaft and hollow plate 4 to rotate, applying torque to beam 5.

[0023] The specific installation method of the device of the present invention is as follows:

[0024] First, bolt holes matching the ground fixing bolts are made at the bottom of the support base 14 to ensure a stable connection to the ground during installation. The support base 14 is connected to the flange 13 by bolts. The flange 13 is welded to the lower gasket of the thrust bearing 12, and the upper gasket of the thrust bearing 12 is welded to the connecting block 11. The hollow column 10 is nested in the groove of the connecting block 11, and a radial bearing 9 is installed on the hollow column 10. The thrust bearing 12 is used to bear axial loads, and the radial bearing 9 is used to limit radial displacement.

[0025] Then, a hollow plate 4 is installed at the end of beam 5, and the drive shaft is fixed to the hollow plate 4 with bolts to ensure the stable operation of the drive shaft 13.

[0026] Finally, each component is sprayed with anti-rust coating and then assembled and tested. After installation, all bolts are checked for tightness, and a no-load test is performed to observe whether the drive shaft rotates smoothly. Subsequently, a small load test is conducted to monitor the bearing stress, and the device parameters are adjusted according to the test data to meet the design requirements and ensure that the device can operate stably and reliably.

[0027] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, designing different forms of bridge abutment torsional test loading device plates and construction methods according to the teachings of the present invention does not require creative labor. All equivalent changes, modifications, substitutions and variations made in accordance with the scope of the patent application of the present invention without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention shall be covered by the present invention.

Claims

1. A torsional loading device for bridge abutments, characterized in that, include: The system includes a loading device and a support device. The support device comprises a solid rod, a thrust bearing and a radial bearing nested on the solid rod, a support base, and a flange connecting the support base and the solid rod. The solid rod is placed at the bridge abutment axis and fixedly connected to the bottom of the bridge abutment. The solid rod is fixedly installed in the groove of the connecting block. The upper gasket of the thrust bearing is fixedly connected to the connecting block with the groove in the middle, so that the axial rotation of the bridge drives the thrust bearing to rotate. The lower gasket of the thrust bearing is fixedly connected to the flange, and the flange is bolted to the support base. The inner ring of the radial bearing is fixedly connected to the solid rod, and the outer ring is fixedly connected to the hollow column. The loading device includes a drive shaft that is coaxially connected to the output shaft of a servo motor at one end via a coupling and a plate nested at the beam end. The drive shaft is a hollow stepped shaft, one end of which is fixed to the longitudinal axis of the hollow plate by bolts, and the other end is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the servo motor via a coupling.

2. The bridge abutment torsional test loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thrust bearing is an angular contact ball bearing with a contact range of 15°-45°, used to simultaneously bear axial loads and part of the radial loads.

3. The bridge abutment torsional test loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radial bearing is a double-row cylindrical roller bearing.

4. The installation method of the torsional testing loading device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Install bridge abutments and beams, and secure the bottom of the bridge piers to the ground using ground anchor bolts; The base for installing the support device is fixed to the ground at its bottom; The flange is connected to the support base by bolts; The bottom of the thrust bearing is fixedly mounted on the flange, and the upper end is welded and fixed to the connecting block. Install the solid rod and hollow column in the groove of the connecting block; The inner ring of the radial bearing is fixed to the solid rod, the outer ring is fixedly connected to the hollow column, and the upper end of the solid rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the bridge abutment so that the axes of the two coincide. The hollow plate is nested at the end of the beam. One end of the drive shaft is fixed to the longitudinal axis of the plate with bolts, and the other end is connected to the servo motor through a coupling.

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