Substation sulfur hexafluoride sensor gas pressure concentration composite calculation monitoring and management system

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of gas detection technology, and more particularly to a monitoring and management system for combined gas pressure and concentration calculation using a sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) sensor in a substation. The detection unit further includes a circuit board on which the SF6 sensor is fixed; the SF6 sensor is covered by an elastic air bladder; it also includes a ceramic annular support mounted on the circuit board; the elastic air bladder is fixedly connected to the ceramic annular support; the circuit board has an inlet and an outlet in the detection area; the outlet has a pressure reducing valve with a flexible on / off valve; a gas pressure sensor is also mounted on the circuit board within the detection area; a microprocessor system is also mounted on the circuit board, and both the gas pressure sensor and the SF6 sensor are connected to the microprocessor system. This reduces the impact of airflow impact on the measurement accuracy of the SF6 sensor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gas detection technology, and more particularly to a sulfur hexafluoride monitoring system. Background Technology

[0002] Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) is colorless, odorless, and non-toxic, with extremely stable chemical properties. It possesses insulating and arc-quenching characteristics unmatched by general dielectrics. As an insulating arc-quenching medium, SF6 is widely used in the arc-quenching of electrical transmission and distribution equipment in substations. Because the density of SF6 gas is approximately five times that of its gaseous counterpart, large amounts of SF6 released into the working environment will accumulate at the bottom of the substation, causing a decrease in oxygen levels. If the oxygen content in the area drops below 16%, personnel working in that area may experience asphyxiation. Furthermore, dust accumulation in the substation can continuously affect equipment operation and even cause short circuits or other malfunctions. Therefore, monitoring of SF6 in substations is necessary to prevent leaks.

[0003] When monitoring the environment in a substation, the sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) sensor requires air intake for detection. During the intake process, the airflow velocity is unstable and impacts are generated. These airflow impacts cause fluctuations in the detection data when the SF6 sensor is measuring, affecting the accuracy of the measurement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of the embodiments of the present invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of the present application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, the abstract and title of the invention. Such simplifications or omissions shall not be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention is proposed.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution;

[0007] A substation sulfur hexafluoride sensor pressure concentration composite calculation monitoring and management system includes a central controller and detection units arranged in the substation. At least 8 detection units are installed in the substation. The central controller is communicatively connected to the detection units. The detection units include a housing and a sulfur hexafluoride sensor installed in the housing. The central controller controls and connects to an exhaust fan and an alarm.

[0008] The detection unit also includes an airtight circuit board, which is disposed in the housing, and the sulfur hexafluoride sensor is fixed on the circuit board;

[0009] The sulfur hexafluoride sensor is covered with an air bladder, and the air bladder is an elastic air bladder.

[0010] It also includes an airtight ceramic ring support, which is mounted on the circuit board;

[0011] The area of ​​the circuit board surrounded by the ceramic annular support is called the detection area;

[0012] The lower opening of the elastic airbag is fixedly connected to the ceramic ring bracket;

[0013] The circuit board has an inlet and an outlet in the detection area, which are located on two opposite sides of the sulfur hexafluoride sensor.

[0014] A ceramic ring-shaped support, an elastic airbag, and an airtight circuit board form a sealed space.

[0015] The outlet is equipped with a pressure reducing valve, which has a flexible on / off valve that automatically opens when the air pressure exceeds a threshold, and the opening range of the on / off valve increases with the increase of air pressure to maintain and balance the internal air pressure.

[0016] A pressure sensor is also installed on the circuit board within the detection area;

[0017] A microprocessor system is also provided on the circuit board, and the pressure sensor and sulfur hexafluoride sensor are both connected to the microprocessor system.

[0018] The microprocessor system integrates the pressure data from the pressure sensor and the concentration data from the sulfur hexafluoride sensor to output reference data on the actual concentration of sulfur hexafluoride.

[0019] The comprehensive processing method is as follows: after the concentration data is determined, the concentration data is adjusted downward based on the gas pressure data to form the actual concentration reference data of sulfur hexafluoride, and the concentration reference data is output to the central controller.

[0020] The higher the air pressure data, the greater the downward adjustment of the concentration data.

[0021] The above design utilizes the protective function of the elastic gasbag to reduce the impact of gas in the detection area, maintain stable gas pressure during sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) sensor measurements, and improve the stability of SF6 sensor measurements. The ceramic annular support isolates the heat conduction of the SF6 sensor, preventing the elastic gasbag from aging due to heat and extending its service life. Furthermore, the ceramic annular support lifts the elastic gasbag, preventing it from contacting the sensing surface of the SF6 sensor after depressurization, thus ensuring measurement accuracy. It also limits the deformation of the elastic gasbag under pressure changes, preventing mechanical tearing or damage. Finally, it prevents the elastic gasbag from colliding with the sensor or other internal structures when it expands, ensuring the safety and stability of the system.

[0022] The circuit board is equipped with inlet and outlet ports to avoid openings in the elastic airbag, ensuring that the gas inlet and outlet ports are separated from the elastic airbag structure, improving sealing and lifespan, maintaining the elastic airbag as an intact structure, ensuring the stability of the gas path and sampling environment, and extending the service life of the elastic airbag.

[0023] A pressure-reducing valve is installed at the outlet on the circuit board. This valve has a flexible on / off valve that automatically opens when the air pressure exceeds a threshold. As the air pressure increases, the valve opens wider, maintaining and balancing the internal air pressure. The flexible on / off valve has a simple structure that fits well with the outlet on the circuit board. Even in confined spaces, the valve's opening and closing range can be adjusted. The pressure-reducing valve automatically opens when the air pressure exceeds the threshold, maintaining a relatively stable outlet pressure, thus achieving a more stable airflow and airbag sampling environment.

[0024] A pressure sensor is also installed in the detection area. After the concentration data is determined, the data is adjusted down based on the pressure data to form the reference data for the actual concentration of sulfur hexafluoride, so as to offset the response deviation of the sulfur hexafluoride sensor caused by pressure changes. The microprocessor system reduces the pressure fluctuations that cause the measured concentration of sulfur hexafluoride to be affected by the pressure fluctuations of the pressure sensor.

[0025] A pressure-composite sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) sensor is formed on the circuit board. This reduces gas pressure fluctuations caused by gas entering the detection area, which could affect the stability of the SF6 sensor measurement.

[0026] Preferably, the elastic airbag has a set inflation pressure, and begins to inflate when the pressure exceeds the set inflation pressure. The inflation pressure is set to 0.01-0.025 MPa.

[0027] The maximum pressure bearing range of the elastic airbag is no greater than 0.055 MPa;

[0028] Furthermore, through elastic expansion, the pressure inside the elastic airbag is maintained at 0.01-0.025 MPa;

[0029] The elastic airbag has a volume of 8-28 cm³. 3 .

[0030] The expansion pressure of the elastic gas bladder (0.01-0.025 MPa) helps maintain stable gas pressure during sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) sensor measurements, preventing fluctuations in measurement data caused by sudden changes in gas pressure, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of the SF6 sensor. The small volume of the elastic gas bladder means faster gas flow, ensuring good gas flow and rapid response, which is beneficial to sensitivity and response time. By managing gas pressure and gas flow, the stability of the measurement environment is ensured, thereby improving the accuracy of the detection data.

[0031] Preferably, a spherical bowl is disposed above the circuit board, covering the elastic airbag, and the spherical bowl has a vent hole; the inner diameter of the inner cavity of the spherical bowl is greater than the outer diameter of the elastic airbag at 0.035 MPa pressure, and the inner diameter of the inner cavity of the spherical bowl is less than the outer diameter of the elastic airbag at 0.045 MPa pressure; the inner surface of the spherical bowl is set to a smooth surface. By covering the elastic airbag with the spherical bowl, the elastic airbag is prevented from expanding beyond the design range, which could lead to elastic performance failure, deformation, gas leakage, or sealing failure, thus extending the service life of the airbag.

[0032] Preferably, the detection unit includes a housing and a dust sensor disposed within the housing.

[0033] The dust sensor includes an air duct, which has an air inlet and an air outlet, with the air inlet located on the outside of the housing.

[0034] It also includes a high-voltage electrostatic adsorption system, which includes a high-voltage DC power supply and adsorption electrodes;

[0035] The adsorption electrode is a graphite electrode;

[0036] The graphite electrode is connected to one electrode of a high-voltage DC power supply.

[0037] The graphite electrode is inserted into the air duct, and a gap is maintained between the graphite electrode and the side wall of the air duct.

[0038] Dust easily accumulates in the air duct, which can cause misreading or measurement errors by the dust sensor. To address this, graphite electrodes are inserted into the air duct. When the dust sensor is off, the graphite electrodes electrostatically attract dust, preventing dust from affecting the sensor's measurement accuracy. The light-emitting and photosensitive components are located on the outer side of the air duct. The graphite electrodes are positioned away from the light-emitting and photosensitive areas. This avoids interference from the graphite electrodes with the light-emitting and photosensitive components, ensuring the long-term stability and accuracy of the dust sensor.

[0039] The graphite electrodes are spaced from the sidewall of the air duct to prevent short circuits. Furthermore, the graphite electrodes can absorb some reflected light, reducing its impact on the measurement accuracy of the dust sensor and ensuring its long-term accuracy.

[0040] Preferably, the graphite electrode is connected to the housing via a ceramic support. This ensures the stability of the graphite electrode while maintaining insulation between the graphite electrode and the housing, preventing short circuits and potential hazards.

[0041] Preferably, the length of the graphite electrode is not less than two-thirds of the length of the air duct, and the graphite electrode has a gap with the side wall of the air duct;

[0042] The diameter of the graphite electrode is less than one-quarter of the minimum inner diameter of the air duct;

[0043] The graphite electrodes are arranged with fine holes with a diameter of 0.1-0.2 mm.

[0044] The electrode diameter is less than one-quarter of the minimum inner diameter of the air duct to ensure unobstructed airflow and guarantee the measurement accuracy of the dust sensor. A gap exists between the graphite electrode and the sidewall of the air duct to prevent leakage. The length of the graphite electrode is no less than two-thirds of the length of the air duct to increase the dust adsorption area; fine pores are provided on the electrode to further enhance the adsorption area and dust adsorption efficiency.

[0045] Preferably, the housing is provided with an air intake channel, the air intake channel is provided with an air inlet and an air injection port, a centrifugal air pump for driving gas flow is provided in the air intake channel, the air inlet is connected to the air outlet, and the air injection port is connected to the inlet.

[0046] The air intake channel is also provided with a convergence structure, which has a convergence surface with an arc shape, and the convergence port on the convergence surface is connected to the air injection port.

[0047] The centrifugal air pump also includes a centrifugal impeller;

[0048] With the direction of airflow as the front, the converging structure is located behind the centrifugal impeller;

[0049] A guide vane is provided on the side of the air intake channel;

[0050] The guide vanes in front of the centrifugal impeller extend in a straight line;

[0051] The guide vanes behind the centrifugal impeller extend in a spiral direction, with the spiral direction being consistent with the rotation direction of the stator. The spiral-extending guide vanes extend to the front of the converging structure.

[0052] The sulfur hexafluoride sensor and the dust sensor share a single centrifugal pump, allowing for gas flow paths for both sensors with just one pump. This integrated design facilitates compact device integration and reduces space requirements. It also avoids the resonance issues that can occur when multiple centrifugal pumps operate simultaneously, which could affect the stability of the measurement data from the detection unit.

[0053] The diameter of the air inlet channel at the centrifugal impeller is at least three times larger than the diameter of the converging port. By setting up a converging structure, the gas is concentrated and introduced into the gas bag through the gas injection port. The converging structure can accelerate the gas, ensuring that the sensor for detecting sulfur hexafluoride can quickly and stably collect gas samples, which helps to improve the detection response speed and the stability of concentration measurement.

[0054] The guide vanes above the centrifugal impeller extend in a spiral shape, causing the airflow to spiral to the converging structure. This facilitates the formation of a spiral flow between the air inlet and the converging outlet, promoting uniform mixing and smooth flow of the gas, reducing dead zones and eddies, and also reducing the impact of airflow, thereby reducing vibration caused by airflow movement and improving the stability of the detected concentration.

[0055] Gas enters the intake channel through the inlet and is injected into the inlet through the injection port. The elastic airbag, as an elastic sealed container, buffers the gas pressure and stabilizes the flow and pressure, which helps improve the stability of the sulfur hexafluoride sensor.

[0056] Preferably, it also includes a temperature control system, wherein the temperature control system is equipped with a temperature sensor, and the heat-sensing end of the temperature sensor extends into the air intake channel;

[0057] The temperature control system also includes a heating wire system located on the outside of the air intake channel;

[0058] The heating unit of the heating wire system is located at the position where the air intake channel guide plate is installed.

[0059] The air intake channel is also equipped with a guide vane, which extends through both the inner and outer sides of the air intake channel.

[0060] Based on the actual temperature of the temperature sensor, the heating wire system is controlled to heat the intake channel. Increasing the temperature helps improve the sensitivity of the sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) sensor. The sensing end of the temperature sensor extends into the intake channel to monitor the gas or ambient temperature. Then, by controlling the heating power of the heating wire system, the temperature in the intake channel is kept stable, reducing fluctuations in the SF6 quantitative detection system caused by temperature fluctuations. This prevents temperature changes from affecting the performance of the magnetic support bearing, thereby ensuring the magnetic stability of the magnetic support bearing and improving the stability and accuracy of the system.

[0061] Preferably, the centrifugal air pump includes a motor system;

[0062] The motor system includes a motor housing, a stator, and a rotor, with the motor housing installed in the air intake passage;

[0063] The stator is housed in the motor housing;

[0064] The rotor is provided with a rotor shaft;

[0065] A support bearing for supporting the rotor is provided directly or indirectly between the rotor and the motor housing.

[0066] Two support bearings are provided, one on each side of the rotor, and a base for fixing the motor is provided in the motor housing;

[0067] The support bearing is a magnetic support bearing, which includes two repulsive magnets. One magnet is located at one end, and the other magnet is a permanent magnet fixed on the rotor shaft opposite to the magnet.

[0068] Magnetic support bearings enable rotor suspension, reducing mechanical contact, friction, and vibration transmission. This reduces vibration generated by the centrifugal pump during operation, thereby reducing vibration transmitted to the sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) detection system, minimizing data fluctuations, and improving the accuracy of SF6 measurements.

[0069] Preferably, the airbag is an elastic airbag made of silicone. Silicone has excellent high-temperature resistance, high elasticity and softness, and can effectively absorb impact.

[0070] Preferably, the area covered by the elastic airbag is more than twice the area of ​​the sulfur hexafluoride sensor; the height of the ceramic annular bracket is more than twice the height of the sulfur hexafluoride sensor. This improves the heat insulation effect of the ceramic annular bracket, ensures the sealing effect of the elastic airbag, and extends the service life of the elastic airbag.

[0071] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0072] The onboard pressure-composite sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) sensor uses an elastic airbag and pressure-reducing valve to stabilize airflow, ensuring the accuracy of measurements from both the SF6 and dust sensors. This allows the detection unit to operate stably in the substation, guaranteeing accurate dust and SF6 measurements during continuous environmental monitoring. The SF6 and dust sensors share a single centrifugal pump, enabling integrated gas flow paths for both sensors and facilitating compact design while reducing vibration caused by multiple centrifugal pumps. Attached Figure Description

[0073] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein:

[0074] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the substation sulfur hexafluoride sensor pressure concentration composite calculation monitoring and management system of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the air intake channel and elastic airbag structure of the substation sulfur hexafluoride sensor pressure concentration composite calculation monitoring and management system of the present invention.

[0076] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the air duct structure of the substation sulfur hexafluoride sensor pressure concentration composite calculation monitoring and management system of the present invention.

[0077] In the diagram, 1. Housing; 2. Sulfur hexafluoride sensor; 3. Dust sensor; 31. Air duct; 4. Air intake channel; 5. Graphite electrode; 6. Centrifugal air pump; 7. Elastic airbag; 8. Ball cup; 9. Guide plate; 10. Ceramic ring support; 11. Circuit board; 12. Pressure reducing valve. Detailed Implementation

[0078] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present invention more readily understood, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0079] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0080] Secondly, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the schematic diagrams. When detailing the embodiments of the present invention, for ease of explanation, the cross-sectional views illustrating the device structure will be partially enlarged, not according to the usual scale. Furthermore, the schematic diagrams are merely examples and should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, actual fabrication should include three-dimensional spatial dimensions of length, width, and depth.

[0081] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in less than one implementation of the invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single embodiment or an embodiment selectively excluded from other embodiments.

[0082] Example 1, Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A substation sulfur hexafluoride sensor pressure concentration composite calculation monitoring and management system, a substation sulfur hexafluoride sensor 2 pressure concentration composite calculation monitoring and management system, includes a central controller and detection units arranged in the substation. Detection units are installed at least 8 points in the substation. The central controller is communicatively connected to the detection units. The detection units include a housing 1 and a sulfur hexafluoride sensor 2 installed in the housing 1. The central controller controls and connects to an exhaust fan and an alarm.

[0083] The detection unit also includes an airtight circuit board 11, which is disposed in the housing 1, and the sulfur hexafluoride sensor 2 is fixed on the circuit board 11;

[0084] The sulfur hexafluoride sensor 2 is covered with an air bladder, and the air bladder is an elastic air bladder 7.

[0085] It also includes an airtight ceramic ring support 10, which is disposed on the circuit board 11;

[0086] The area of ​​the circuit board 11 surrounded by the ceramic annular support 10 is called the detection area;

[0087] The lower opening of the elastic airbag 7 is fixedly connected to the ceramic ring bracket 10;

[0088] The circuit board 11 has an inlet and an outlet in the detection area, which are located on two opposite sides of the sulfur hexafluoride sensor 2.

[0089] A ceramic ring support 10, an elastic airbag 7, and an airtight circuit board 11 form a sealed space.

[0090] The outlet is equipped with a pressure reducing valve 12, which has an elastic on / off valve that automatically opens when the air pressure exceeds a threshold, and the opening range of the on / off valve increases with the increase of air pressure to maintain and balance the internal air pressure.

[0091] A pressure sensor is also provided on the circuit board 11 within the detection area;

[0092] A microprocessor system is also provided on the circuit board 11, and the pressure sensor and sulfur hexafluoride sensor 2 are both connected to the microprocessor system.

[0093] The microprocessor system integrates the pressure data from the pressure sensor and the concentration data from the sulfur hexafluoride sensor 2 to output reference data on the actual concentration of sulfur hexafluoride.

[0094] The comprehensive processing method is as follows: after the concentration data is determined, the concentration data is adjusted downward based on the gas pressure data to form the actual concentration reference data of sulfur hexafluoride, and the concentration reference data is output to the central controller.

[0095] The higher the air pressure data, the greater the downward adjustment of the concentration data.

[0096] The above design utilizes the protective function of the elastic airbag 7 to reduce the impact of gas in the detection area, maintain stable gas pressure during measurement by the sulfur hexafluoride sensor 2, and improve the stability of the sensor's measurements. The ceramic annular support 10 isolates the heat conduction from the sulfur hexafluoride sensor 2, preventing the elastic airbag 7 from aging due to heat and extending its service life. Furthermore, the ceramic annular support 10 lifts the elastic airbag 7, preventing it from contacting the sensing surface of the sulfur hexafluoride sensor 2 after depressurization, thus ensuring measurement accuracy. It also limits the deformation of the elastic airbag 7 during pressure changes, preventing mechanical tearing or damage. Finally, it prevents the elastic airbag 7 from colliding with the sensor or other internal structures when inflated, ensuring the safety and stability of the system.

[0097] The circuit board 11 is equipped with an inlet and an outlet to avoid openings in the elastic airbag 7, ensuring that the gas inlet and outlet are separated from the structure of the elastic airbag 7, improving sealing and lifespan, maintaining the elastic airbag 7 as an intact structure, ensuring the stability of the gas path and sampling environment, and extending the service life of the elastic airbag 7.

[0098] A pressure reducing valve 12 is installed at the outlet of the circuit board 11. The pressure reducing valve 12 has a flexible switching valve that automatically opens when the air pressure exceeds a threshold, and the opening range of the switching valve increases with the increase of air pressure to maintain and balance the internal air pressure. The flexible switching valve has a simple structure that can be matched with the outlet of the circuit board 11. The flexible switching valve can also adjust the opening and closing range of the switching valve in small spaces. The pressure reducing valve 12 automatically opens when the air pressure exceeds the threshold to maintain a relatively stable outlet pressure, thereby achieving a more stable airflow and airbag sampling environment.

[0099] A pressure sensor is also installed in the detection area. After the concentration data is determined, the data is adjusted down based on the pressure data to form the actual concentration reference data of sulfur hexafluoride, so as to offset the response deviation of sulfur hexafluoride sensor 2 caused by pressure changes. The microprocessor system reduces the pressure fluctuations that cause the measurement data of sulfur hexafluoride concentration to be affected by pressure fluctuations through the pressure fluctuation of the pressure sensor.

[0100] A pressure-composite sulfur hexafluoride sensor 2 is formed on the circuit board 11. This reduces gas pressure fluctuations caused by gas entering the detection area, which could affect the measurement stability of the sulfur hexafluoride sensor 2.

[0101] Preferably, the elastic airbag 7 has a set inflation pressure, and begins to inflate when the pressure exceeds the set inflation pressure. The inflation pressure is set to 0.01-0.025 MPa.

[0102] The maximum pressure bearing range of the elastic airbag 7 is no greater than 0.055 MPa;

[0103] Furthermore, through elastic expansion, the pressure inside the elastic airbag 7 is maintained at 0.01-0.025 MPa;

[0104] The elastic airbag 7 has a volume of 8-28 cm³. 3 .

[0105] The expansion pressure of the elastic bladder (70.01-0.025 MPa) helps maintain stable gas pressure during sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) sensor 2 measurements, preventing fluctuations in measurement data caused by sudden changes in gas pressure, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of SF6 sensor 2. The small volume of the elastic bladder 7 means faster gas flow, ensuring good gas flow and rapid response, which is beneficial to sensitivity and response time. By managing gas pressure and gas flow, the stability of the measurement environment is ensured, thereby improving the accuracy of the detection data.

[0106] Preferably, a ball bowl 8 is provided above the circuit board 11, the ball bowl 8 covers the elastic airbag 7, and the ball bowl 8 has a vent hole;

[0107] The inner diameter of the ball cup 8 is greater than the outer diameter of the elastic airbag 7 at a pressure of 0.035 MPa, and less than the outer diameter of the elastic airbag 7 at a pressure of 0.045 MPa; the inner surface of the ball cup 8 is made smooth. This ensures that the ball cup 8 can protect the elastic airbag 7 from expansion to its elastic limit, preventing deformation and loss of elastic performance. Furthermore, the ball cup 8 covers the elastic airbag 7, preventing it from expanding beyond its design range, which could lead to deformation, gas leakage, or seal failure, thus extending the airbag's service life.

[0108] Preferably, the airbag is an elastic airbag 7 made of silicone. Silicone has excellent high-temperature resistance, high elasticity and softness, and can effectively absorb impact.

[0109] Preferably, the area covered by the elastic airbag 7 is more than twice the area of ​​the sulfur hexafluoride sensor 2; the height of the ceramic annular bracket 10 is more than twice the height of the sulfur hexafluoride sensor 2. This improves the heat insulation effect of the ceramic annular bracket 10, ensures the sealing effect of the elastic airbag 7, and extends the service life of the elastic airbag 7.

[0110] In use, gas is injected into the elastic airbag 7 through the inlet on the circuit board 11. The gas enters the detection area, and after being detected by the sulfur hexafluoride sensor 2, it is discharged from the outlet and discharged outside the housing 1 through the pressure reducing valve 12.

[0111] The elastic airbag 7 has a volume of 8-28 cm³. 3The rapid gas flow ensures good gas circulation and a fast response, which is beneficial for sensitivity and response time. The elastic airbag 7 and pressure reducing valve 12 help maintain smooth and stable airflow, preventing gas surges. By managing gas pressure and flow, the stability of the measurement environment is ensured, thereby improving the accuracy of the sulfur hexafluoride sensor 2's detection data. Furthermore, the elastic airbag 7 and rubber sleeve absorb the vibration generated by the centrifugal pump 6 during operation. The centrifugal impeller is supported by a magnetic bearing to maintain its suspended state and is locked to reduce wobbling. This reduces the vibration generated by the centrifugal pump 6 during operation, improving the accuracy of sulfur hexafluoride measurement and further enhancing the accuracy of the detection data from the sulfur hexafluoride sensor 2 and the dust sensor 3.

[0112] Example 2, Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 This is the second embodiment of the present invention, which is based on the previous embodiment.

[0113] The detection unit includes a housing 1 and a dust sensor 3 disposed within the housing 1.

[0114] The dust sensor 3 includes an air duct 31, which has an air inlet and an air outlet, with the air inlet located on the outside of the housing 1.

[0115] It also includes a high-voltage electrostatic adsorption system, which includes a high-voltage DC power supply and adsorption electrodes;

[0116] The adsorption electrode is a graphite electrode 5;

[0117] Graphite electrode 5 is connected to one electrode of a high-voltage DC power supply.

[0118] The graphite electrode 5 is inserted into the air duct 31, and a gap is maintained between the graphite electrode 5 and the side wall of the air duct 31.

[0119] Dust easily accumulates in the air duct 31, which can cause misreading or measurement errors in the dust sensor 3. To address this, a graphite electrode 5 is inserted into the air duct 31. When the dust sensor 3 is off, the graphite electrode 5 electrostatically attracts dust, preventing dust in the air duct 31 from affecting the sensor's measurement accuracy. The light-emitting component and the photosensitive component are located on the outer surface of the air duct 31. The graphite electrode 5 avoids the light-emitting component's illumination area and the photosensitive component's sensing area. This prevents the graphite electrode 5 from interfering with the detection operation of the light-emitting and photosensitive components, ensuring the long-term stability and detection accuracy of the dust sensor 3.

[0120] The graphite electrode 5 is spaced from the side wall of the air duct 31 to avoid short circuits. Furthermore, the graphite electrode 5 can absorb some reflected light, reducing its impact on the measurement accuracy of the dust sensor 3 and ensuring its long-term accuracy.

[0121] Preferably, the graphite electrode 5 is connected to the housing 1 via a ceramic support. This ensures the stability of the graphite electrode 5 while maintaining insulation between the graphite electrode 5 and the housing 1, preventing short circuits and potential hazards.

[0122] Preferably, the length of the graphite electrode 5 is not less than two-thirds of the length of the air duct 31, and the graphite electrode 5 has a gap with the side wall of the air duct 31.

[0123] The diameter of the graphite electrode 5 is less than one-quarter of the minimum inner diameter of the air duct 31.

[0124] The graphite electrode 5 is provided with fine holes with a diameter of 0.1-0.2 mm.

[0125] The diameter of the electrode is less than one-quarter of the minimum inner diameter of the air duct 31 to ensure unobstructed airflow and guarantee the measurement accuracy of the dust sensor 3. A gap exists between the graphite electrode 5 and the side wall of the air duct 31 to prevent leakage. The length of the graphite electrode 5 is no less than two-thirds of the length of the air duct 31 to increase the dust adsorption area; fine pores are provided on the electrode to enhance the adsorption area and dust adsorption efficiency.

[0126] Preferably, the housing 1 is provided with an air intake channel 4, the air intake channel 4 is provided with an air inlet and an air injection port, the air intake channel 4 is provided with a centrifugal air pump 6 for driving gas flow, the air inlet is connected to the air outlet, and the air injection port is connected to the inlet.

[0127] The air intake channel 4 is also provided with a convergence structure, which has a convergence surface with an arc surface, and the convergence port on the convergence surface is connected to the air injection port.

[0128] The centrifugal air pump 6 also includes a centrifugal impeller;

[0129] With the direction of airflow as the front, the converging structure is located behind the centrifugal impeller;

[0130] The air intake channel 4 is provided with a guide vane 9 on its side;

[0131] The guide vane 9 in front of the centrifugal impeller extends in a straight line;

[0132] The guide vane 9 behind the centrifugal impeller extends in a spiral direction, and the spiral direction of the spiral is consistent with the rotation direction of the stator. The spiral-extending guide vane 9 extends to the front of the converging structure.

[0133] The sulfur hexafluoride sensor 2 and the dust sensor 3 share a single centrifugal air pump 6. Using only one pump achieves the gas flow path required for both sensors, forming an integrated device that facilitates compact integration and reduces space requirements. This also avoids resonance issues that could arise from multiple centrifugal air pumps 6 operating simultaneously, which could affect the stability of the measurement data from the detection unit.

[0134] The diameter of the air inlet channel 4 at the centrifugal impeller is at least three times larger than the diameter of the converging port. By setting a converging structure, the gas is concentrated and introduced into the gas bag through the gas injection port. The converging structure can accelerate the gas, ensuring that the sensor for detecting sulfur hexafluoride can quickly and stably collect gas samples, which helps to improve the detection response speed and the stability of concentration measurement.

[0135] The guide vane 9 above the centrifugal impeller extends in a spiral shape, causing the airflow to spiral to the converging structure. This facilitates the formation of a spiral flow between the air inlet and the converging outlet, promoting uniform mixing and smooth flow of the gas, reducing dead zones and eddies, and also reducing the impact of airflow, thereby reducing vibration caused by airflow movement and improving the stability of the detected concentration.

[0136] Gas enters the air intake channel 4 through the air inlet and is injected into the inlet through the gas injection port. The elastic airbag 7, as an elastic sealed container, buffers the gas pressure and stabilizes the flow and pressure, which helps to improve the detection stability of the sulfur hexafluoride sensor 2.

[0137] Preferably, it also includes a temperature control system, wherein the temperature control system is equipped with a temperature sensor, and the heat-sensing end of the temperature sensor extends into the air intake channel 4;

[0138] The temperature control system also includes a heating wire system located on the outside of the air intake channel 4;

[0139] The heating unit of the electric heating wire system is located at the position where the guide vane 9 is installed on the outer side of the air intake channel 4.

[0140] The air intake channel 4 is also provided with a guide vane 9, which runs through the inner and outer sides of the air intake channel 4.

[0141] Based on the actual temperature of the temperature sensor, the heating wire system is controlled to heat the air intake channel 4. Increasing the temperature helps improve the sensitivity of the sulfur hexafluoride sensor 2. The sensing end of the temperature sensor extends into the air intake channel 4 to monitor the gas or ambient temperature. Then, by controlling the heating power of the heating wire system, the temperature in the air intake channel 4 is kept stable, reducing the detection fluctuations of the sulfur hexafluoride quantitative detection system caused by temperature fluctuations. This prevents temperature changes from affecting the performance of the magnetic support bearing, thereby ensuring the magnetic stability of the magnetic support bearing and improving the stability and accuracy of the system.

[0142] Preferably, the centrifugal air pump 6 includes a motor system;

[0143] The motor system includes a motor housing, a stator, and a rotor, with the motor housing installed in the air intake channel 4;

[0144] The stator is housed in the motor housing;

[0145] The rotor is provided with a rotor shaft;

[0146] A support bearing for supporting the rotor is provided directly or indirectly between the rotor and the motor housing.

[0147] Two support bearings are provided, one on each side of the rotor, and a base for fixing the motor is provided in the motor housing;

[0148] The support bearing is a magnetic support bearing, which includes two repulsive magnets. One magnet is located at one end, and the other magnet is a permanent magnet fixed on the rotor shaft opposite to the magnet.

[0149] Magnetic support bearings enable rotor suspension, reducing mechanical contact, friction, and vibration transmission. This reduces vibration generated by the centrifugal pump 6 during operation, thereby reducing vibration transmitted to the sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) detection system, minimizing fluctuations in detection data, and improving the accuracy of SF6 measurements.

[0150] In operation, the centrifugal air pump 6 draws air from the substation through the air duct 31. The air then enters the air intake channel 4 and is injected into the elastic airbag 7 through the air injection port. Finally, the pressure inside the elastic airbag 7 is maintained at 0.01-0.025 MPa by the pressure reducing valve 12, and the measured gas is then discharged through the air outlet. When the dust sensor 3 stops, the high-voltage electrostatic adsorption system activates the graphite electrode 5 to adsorb dust.

[0151] The temperature control system monitors the gas or ambient temperature and heats the gas in the intake channel 4 via a heating wire system, reducing fluctuations in the sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) quantitative detection system caused by temperature fluctuations. SF6 detection requires maintaining a certain temperature, which is stabilized by the temperature control system. The gas in the intake channel 4 is propelled by a centrifugal impeller. The guide vanes 9 above the impeller extend in a spiral pattern, causing the airflow to spiral towards the convergence structure. This facilitates the formation of a spiral flow between the inlet and the convergence point, promoting uniform mixing and smooth flow, reducing dead zones and eddies, and minimizing airflow impact, thus reducing vibration caused by airflow movement and improving the stability of the detected concentration. The convergence structure accelerates the gas, ensuring that the SF6 sensor can quickly and stably acquire gas samples. The arc-shaped convergence surface reduces the impact of abrupt structural changes on the airflow.

[0152] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A substation sulfur hexafluoride sensor pressure concentration composite calculation monitoring and management system, comprising a central controller and detection units arranged in the substation, wherein at least 8 detection units are installed at the substation, the central controller is communicatively connected to the detection units, the detection units comprising a housing (1) and a sulfur hexafluoride sensor (2) disposed in the housing (1), the central controller controlling and connecting an exhaust fan and an alarm, characterized in that: The detection unit also includes an airtight circuit board (11), which is disposed in the housing (1), and the sulfur hexafluoride sensor (2) is fixed on the circuit board (11); The sulfur hexafluoride sensor (2) is covered with an air bladder, which is an elastic air bladder (7). It also includes an airtight ceramic ring support (10), which is mounted on the circuit board (11); The area of ​​the circuit board (11) surrounded by the ceramic annular support (10) is called the detection area; The lower opening of the elastic airbag (7) is fixedly connected to the ceramic ring bracket (10); The circuit board (11) has an inlet and an outlet in the detection area, which are located on two opposite sides of the sulfur hexafluoride sensor (2); A ceramic ring support (10), an elastic airbag (7), and an airtight circuit board (11) form a sealed space; The outlet is provided with a pressure reducing valve (12), which has an elastic switching valve that automatically opens when the air pressure exceeds a threshold, and the opening range of the switching valve increases with the increase of air pressure to maintain and balance the internal air pressure. On the circuit board (11), a pressure sensor is also provided in the detection area; A microprocessor system is also provided on the circuit board (11), and the pressure sensor and the sulfur hexafluoride sensor (2) are both connected to the microprocessor system; The microprocessor system integrates the pressure data from the pressure sensor with the concentration data from the sulfur hexafluoride sensor (2) to output reference data on the actual concentration of sulfur hexafluoride. The comprehensive processing method is as follows: after the concentration data is determined, the concentration data is adjusted downward based on the gas pressure data to form the actual concentration reference data of sulfur hexafluoride, and the concentration reference data is output to the central controller. The higher the air pressure data, the greater the downward adjustment of the concentration data.

2. The substation sulfur hexafluoride sensor gas pressure concentration composite calculation monitoring and management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic airbag (7) has a set inflation pressure, and begins to inflate when the inflation pressure is greater than the set inflation pressure. The inflation pressure is set to 0.01-0.025 MPa. The maximum pressure bearing range of the elastic airbag (7) is no greater than 0.055 MPa; Furthermore, through elastic expansion, the pressure inside the elastic airbag (7) is maintained at 0.01-0.025 MPa; The elastic airbag (7) has a volume of 8-28 cm³. 3 .

3. The substation sulfur hexafluoride sensor gas pressure concentration composite calculation monitoring and management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A ball bowl (8) is provided above the circuit board (11), the ball bowl (8) covers the elastic airbag (7), and the ball bowl (8) has a vent hole. The inner diameter of the inner cavity of the ball cup (8) is greater than the outer diameter of the elastic air bladder (7) at a pressure of 0.035 MPa, and the inner diameter of the inner cavity of the ball cup (8) is less than the outer diameter of the elastic air bladder (7) at a pressure of 0.045 MPa. The inner surface of the ball bowl (8) is set to a smooth surface.

4. The substation sulfur hexafluoride sensor gas pressure concentration composite calculation monitoring and management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection unit includes a housing (1) and a dust sensor (3) disposed in the housing (1). The dust sensor (3) includes an air duct (31) having an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet being located on the outside of the housing (1); It also includes a high-voltage electrostatic adsorption system, which includes a high-voltage DC power supply and adsorption electrodes; The adsorption electrode is a graphite electrode (5). The graphite electrode (5) is connected to one electrode of the high voltage DC power supply; The graphite electrode (5) is inserted into the air duct (31), and the graphite electrode (5) maintains a gap with the side wall of the air duct (31).

5. The substation sulfur hexafluoride sensor gas pressure concentration composite calculation monitoring and management system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The length of the graphite electrode (5) is not less than two-thirds of the length of the air duct (31), and there is a gap between the graphite electrode (5) and the side wall of the air duct (31). The diameter of the graphite electrode (5) is less than one-quarter of the minimum inner diameter of the air duct (31); The graphite electrode (5) is provided with fine holes with a diameter of 0.1-0.2 mm.

6. The substation sulfur hexafluoride sensor gas pressure concentration composite calculation monitoring and management system according to claim 4, characterized in that: An air inlet channel (4) is provided in the housing (1). The air inlet channel (4) is provided with an air inlet and an air injection port. A centrifugal air pump (6) for driving gas flow is provided in the air inlet channel (4). The air inlet is connected to the air outlet, and the air injection port is connected to the inlet. The air intake channel (4) is also provided with a gathering structure, which has a circular arc-shaped gathering surface, and the gathering port on the gathering surface is connected to the air injection port. The centrifugal air pump (6) also includes a centrifugal impeller; With the direction of airflow as the front, the converging structure is located behind the centrifugal impeller; The air intake channel (4) is provided with a guide vane (9) on its side; The guide vane (9) in front of the centrifugal impeller extends in a straight line; The guide vane (9) behind the centrifugal impeller extends in a spiral direction, and the spiral direction of the spiral is consistent with the rotation direction of the stator. The spiral-extending guide vane (9) extends to the front of the converging structure.

7. The substation sulfur hexafluoride sensor gas pressure concentration composite calculation monitoring and management system according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a temperature control system, which is equipped with a temperature sensor, the heat-sensing end of which extends into the air intake channel (4); The temperature control system also includes a heating wire system located outside the air intake channel (4); The heating unit of the electric heating wire system is located at the position where the guide vane (9) is installed on the outside of the air intake channel (4); The air intake channel (4) is also provided with a guide vane (9), which extends through the inner and outer sides of the air intake channel (4).

8. The substation sulfur hexafluoride sensor gas pressure concentration composite calculation monitoring and management system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The centrifugal air pump (6) includes a motor system; The motor system includes a motor housing, a stator, and a rotor, with the motor housing installed in the air intake channel (4); The stator is housed in the motor housing; The rotor is provided with a rotor shaft; A support bearing for supporting the rotor is provided directly or indirectly between the rotor and the motor housing. Two support bearings are provided, one on each side of the rotor, and a base for fixing the motor is provided in the motor housing; The support bearing is a magnetic support bearing, which includes two repulsive magnets. One magnet is located at one end, and the other magnet is a permanent magnet fixed on the rotor shaft opposite to the magnet.

9. The substation sulfur hexafluoride sensor gas pressure concentration composite calculation monitoring and management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The area covered by the elastic airbag (7) is more than twice the area of ​​the sulfur hexafluoride sensor (2); The height of the ceramic ring support (10) is more than twice the height of the sulfur hexafluoride sensor (2).

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