A method for displaying bin attributes of a three-dimensional observation system

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of oil and gas seismic exploration technology, specifically relating to a method for displaying the attributes of surface elements in a three-dimensional observation system. This invention divides target surface elements in the work area into square grids in the same way under both the theoretical and design observation systems. The length and width displayed within each target surface element are the maximum shot-receiver distance, and the length of each square grid is the shot distance. The number of coverages corresponding to each square grid is counted; the number of coverages refers to the number of shot-receiver pairs whose shot-receiver distance length belongs to that square grid. Based on the statistical results, the correlation between the theoretical and design of the target surface elements is evaluated. The target surface elements are then displayed based on the correlation evaluation results, allowing for a direct understanding of the differences between theory and design, and enabling the selection of appropriate remedial measures when the correlation evaluation results do not meet the requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of oil and gas seismic exploration technology, specifically relating to a method for displaying surface element attributes in a three-dimensional observation system. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of seismic exploration, the seismic observation system deployed in the field in a certain form to conduct repeated observations of the same part of the subsurface interface has become the most common and effective exploration method in seismic exploration. The number of repeated observations is called the number of surface coverages.

[0003] Seismic acquisition first determines the construction plan based on geological and equipment conditions, designing theoretical shot point location data. Then, the construction team, based on field reconnaissance and maps, performs obstacle avoidance offsetting of the shot points to generate the designed shot point locations. The degree of difference between the designed shot point locations and the theoretical SPS (Shell Processing Support of Format for Land 3D Surveys) is generally displayed graphically using cell attributes. Cell attributes include shot-receiver distance and azimuth distribution. Older methods displayed cell attributes such as... Figure 1 As shown, the attribute diagram of the minimized surface element of the work area is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, this method alone is not intuitive enough and cannot clearly identify the differences between the design elements and the theoretical elements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for displaying the properties of surface elements in a three-dimensional observation system, in order to solve the problem that existing methods cannot clearly identify the differences between designed surface elements and theoretical surface elements.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a method for displaying the attributes of surface elements in a three-dimensional observation system. The method divides the target surface elements in the work area into square grids in the same manner under both the theoretical and design observation systems. The length and width displayed within each target surface element are the maximum shot-receiver distance of the theoretical observation system, and the length of each square grid is the shot distance of the theoretical observation system. The method counts the coverage count for each square grid, where the coverage count refers to the number of shot-receiver pairs whose shot-receiver distance length belongs to that square grid. Based on the statistical results, the correlation between the theoretical and design of the target surface elements is evaluated, and the target surface elements under the design observation system are displayed based on the correlation evaluation results.

[0006] Furthermore, the correlation between the target element theory and the design is evaluated using the following formula:

[0007]

[0008] In the formula, F represents the correlation between the theory and design of the surface element; f1(n) represents the number of times the nth square grid corresponds to the theoretical observation system; f2(n) represents the number of times the nth square grid corresponds to the design observation system; MaxNet represents the total number of square grids in each surface element; and M represents the number of times the surface element in the theoretical observation system is covered.

[0009] Furthermore, if MaxOffset / OffsetNet is a positive integer, then the width of each square grid is OffsetNet; otherwise, the width of [MaxOffset / OffsetNet] square grids is the gun-to-receiver distance, and the width of the last square grid is MaxOffset - [MaxOffset / OffsetNet] * OffsetNet, where MaxOffset represents the maximum gun-to-receiver distance, OffsetNet represents the gun-to-receiver distance, and [] represents the round-down operation.

[0010] Furthermore, if F > F0, the design shot point is determined to meet the theoretical design requirements; otherwise, the design shot point is determined to not meet the theoretical design requirements. F0 represents the set threshold, where 0 < F0 < 1.

[0011] Furthermore, the methods for displaying target elements based on the correlation assessment results include: displaying the work area based on the design observation system, and filling different elements in the work area with different colors according to their different correlation values.

[0012] Furthermore, the display also includes the locations of the shot point and the receiver point, and the shot point and the receiver point are displayed in different colors.

[0013] Furthermore, the shot points associated with the target surface element are statistically analyzed and displayed.

[0014] Furthermore, when it is determined that the designed firing point does not meet the theoretical design requirements, the azimuth angle of the firing-receiver distance of each firing-receiver pair in the target surface element is also obtained, and a firing-receiver distance azimuth rose diagram of the target surface element is generated for display. The firing-receiver distance azimuth rose diagram includes multiple concentric circles, and different radii of the circles represent different firing-receiver distances. All concentric circles are divided into multiple concentric circle grids by multiple radius line segments of the circle with the largest radius. Taking the position of one radius line segment as the reference, the different included angles between the other radius line segments and the reference along the set direction represent different azimuth angles. A concentric circle grid displays the firing-receiver distance range and the number of firing-receiver pairs within the azimuth angle range corresponding to the concentric circle grid through different colors.

[0015] Furthermore, the center of each concentric circle represents a shot-receiver distance of 0, and the maximum radius of all concentric circles represents the maximum shot-receiver distance.

[0016] Furthermore, the center of each concentric circle represents a shot-receiver distance that is greater than 0 and less than the maximum radius of the concentric circle, and the maximum radius of all concentric circles is less than the maximum shot-receiver distance.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention is an improved invention. This invention divides the target surface element into square grids to obtain the number of times each square grid is covered. The number of times each square grid is covered is used to evaluate the correlation between the theory and design of the target surface element, that is, the degree of matching between the theory and the design. Displaying this degree of matching allows for an intuitive understanding of the differences between the theory and the design, so that appropriate remedial measures can be selected when the correlation evaluation results do not meet the requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 It is a surface element attribute map displayed by existing technical methods;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a minimum surface element attribute map of the work area displayed by existing technical methods;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the method for displaying surface element attributes of a three-dimensional observation system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a display diagram of multiple surface element shot-receiver distances and target surface element attributes in the observation system of this invention embodiment;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the display of shot-receiver distance attributes and the meshing process within a surface element of the observation system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the color palette for surface element correlation attributes in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a display diagram of target surface element correlation and shot point and receiver point in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 This is an overview diagram shown in a rose diagram in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 9 This is an enlarged view shown in the embodiment of the invention as a rose diagram;

[0027] Figure 10 This is a scrolling observation diagram presented as a rose diagram in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The basic idea of ​​this invention is to divide the target surface elements in the work area into square grids in the same way as the theoretical observation system, under both the theoretical and design observation systems. The length and width displayed within each target surface element are the theoretical maximum shot-receiver distance, and the length of each square grid is the theoretical shot distance. Shot-receiver pairs within the range of 0 to the theoretical maximum shot-receiver distance (MaxOffset) in the design observation system are extracted. The coverage count for each square grid is counted, where the coverage count refers to the number of shot-receiver pairs whose shot-receiver distance length belongs to that square grid. Based on the statistical results, the correlation between the theoretical and design of the target surface elements is evaluated, i.e., the degree of matching between theory and design. Displaying this degree of matching allows for a direct understanding of the differences between theory and design, enabling the selection of appropriate remedial measures when the correlation evaluation results do not meet the requirements. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0029] The definition of surface element correlation will be explained below. Surface element meshing can be divided into multi-surface element meshing on the horizontal plane of the theoretical observation system and meshing within a single target surface element of the theoretical observation system. First, the horizontal plane is meshed using the maximum shot-receiver distance of the observation system. The length of each surface element is half of the shot distance, and the width of each surface element is half of the trace distance, generating multiple surface element planar attributes (such as...). Figure 1 and Figure 2(As shown); then, given any single target element, perform discrete shot-receiver distance meshing. Arrange the theoretical and designed shot-receiver distances within the element in descending order. Mesh the maximum shot-receiver distance according to the shot-line distance (designed shot-line distance along the receiver line direction) (the resulting mesh is a square mesh). For example, if the theoretical distance between adjacent shot points along the receiver line direction (i.e., shot-line distance) is 200m, the theoretical distance between adjacent shot points perpendicular to the receiver line direction (i.e., shot-point distance) is 40m, and the distance between two detectors along the receiver line direction (i.e., channel distance) is 40m, then take the element length and width as 20m (it should be noted that in the specific demonstration, the element can be a proportionally scaled element. If the element length and width are 20m, and each element has a shot-receiver distance in the range of 0 to 5000m, reduce all shot-receiver distances by a 1:250 ratio, and then arrange all shot-receiver distances into this element). Take the element shot-receiver distance mesh OffsetNet as 200m. Divide the shot-receiver distance within each element by the theoretically designed maximum shot-receiver distance of the observation system, then multiply by the element length. Arrange the shot-receiver distances within each element sequentially within the element to complete multi-element meshing. This means proportionally scaling down all shot-receiver distances within each element and displaying them within the element mesh. For meshing within a single target element, take the theoretical maximum shot-receiver distance as MaxOffset, the element coverage count as M, and the OffsetNet value as the theoretical shot distance. If MaxOffset / OffsetNet is an integer, divide the maximum shot-receiver distance into MaxNet = MaxOffset / OffsetNet parts according to the spacing length OffsetNet. Otherwise, divide the maximum shot-receiver distance into MaxNet = [MaxOffset / OffsetNet] + 1 parts according to the spacing length OffsetNet. The 1 is used to eliminate decimal expansion padding, and [] indicates rounding down. When meshing a single target element in the design observation system, the theoretical maximum shot-receiver distance is taken as MaxOffset. Shot-receiver pairs within the range of 0 to the theoretical maximum shot-receiver distance MaxOffset in the design observation system are then meshed using a square mesh identical to the theoretical shot-receiver distance. The shot-receiver distance within the element is discretized into a multi-element mesh on the corresponding horizontal plane according to OffsetNet, such as... Figure 4 ( Figure 4 and Figure 5 (This is a diagram formed by scaling the shot-receiver distance to a 20m grid using the method mentioned above.) Select a square as the target square. In each square, a bar represents the shot-receiver distance length of a shot-receiver pair. Figure 4 Rotate the target surface element in the middle into Figure 5 As shown in the true north position, arrange the corresponding shot-receiver distances for each shot-receiver pair in their respective positions, such as... Figure 5 As shown on the left, after dividing the square grid using OffsetNet spacing, as shown... Figure 5As shown on the right, the coverage count corresponding to each square grid is f(x). The coverage count refers to the number of shot-receiver pairs whose shot-receiver distance length belongs to that grid, forming a discrete shot-receiver distance distribution {f(0),f(1),…,f(MaxNet-1)}. For example Figure 5 As shown, the sequence corresponding to f1(0) to f1(8) is {2,3,2,3,2,4,2,1,2}, and f1(0) = 2 indicates that there are 2 shot-receiver pairs belonging to the first square grid. The implementation process of the theoretical shot-receiver distance gridding distribution and the design shot-receiver distance gridding distribution is the same, and so on, the gridding of the discrete shot-receiver distance in each surface cell on the horizontal plane is completed in a loop.

[0030] Theoretical shot-receiver distance gridded distribution: f1(0), f1(1), ..., f1(MaxNet-1);

[0031] Design the gridded distribution of shot-receiver distance: f2(0), f2(1), ..., f2(MaxNet-1).

[0032] Formula for calculating the correlation of surface elements:

[0033]

[0034] In the formula, F represents the correlation between the surface elements, which represents the matching degree between theory and design; MaxNet represents the total number of square grids in each surface element; M represents the number of coverages in the surface elements of the theoretical observation system; f1(n) represents the gridded distribution function value of the theoretical shot-receiver distance, which is the number of coverages corresponding to the nth square grid in the theoretical observation system; f2(n) represents the gridded distribution function value of the designed shot-receiver distance, which is the number of coverages corresponding to the nth square grid in the designed observation system.

[0035] It can be seen that F=1 when the theoretical and design shot points are the same, and F=0 when there is no coverage. The F value increases with the increase of the corresponding shot points. Generally, it is considered that F>0.5 (0.5 is the set threshold F0, which can be adjusted according to the needs, but it must satisfy 0<F0<1) when the design shot point meets the theoretical design requirements.

[0036] Of course, after obtaining the number of coverages in each square to form a discrete shot-receiver distance distribution, other correlation analysis methods in the existing technology can be used to evaluate the matching degree between theory and design, including visualization processing to analyze the changing trend, covariance calculation, etc.

[0037] Based on the surface element correlation described above, a method for displaying surface element attributes in a three-dimensional observation system according to the present invention can be implemented. Specifically, this includes displaying the surface element azimuth, the correlation between the designed SPS and the theoretical SPS, and displaying the shot point positions associated with the surface element using a specified color. The process is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the details are as follows:

[0038] 1) Input the theoretical observation system file, calculate the maximum shot-receiver distance of the theoretical observation system, define the grid size, determine the starting position and range of the grid based on the location range of the shot point and receiver point in the work area, grid the horizontal plane, number each grid, and generate multiple surface element planar attribute maps. The shot-receiver distance is defined as the length of the line connecting the shot point and the receiver point, and the azimuth of the shot-receiver distance is the angle between geographic true north and the ray from the shot point to the receiver point in a clockwise direction. Similarly, the design observation system file can be input to calculate the maximum shot-receiver distance of the design observation system. Shot-receiver pairs within the range of 0 to the theoretical maximum shot-receiver distance MaxOffset in the design observation system are selected. Shot-receiver distances greater than the theoretical maximum shot-receiver distance in the design are considered invalid and are not included in the calculation.

[0039] 2) Calculate the shot-receiver distance attribute and the correlation value of a single surface element. Given a shot-receiver distance grid size (generally the shot distance) of OffsetNet, calculate the theoretical surface element attributes (azimuth, shot-receiver distance) and design surface element attributes (azimuth, shot-receiver distance) for a single grid. Calculate the correlation F between theory and design in a single surface element grid, and count the shot points corresponding to each shot-receiver pair in a single surface element grid. If F > 0.5, the design shot point is determined to meet the theoretical design requirements; otherwise, the design shot point is determined to not meet the theoretical design requirements. When it is determined that it does not meet the theoretical design requirements, steps 5) to 7) need to be performed to intuitively understand the missing shot point locations.

[0040] 3) For each facet element, the calculation is performed according to step 2), thereby obtaining the multi-facet correlation (i.e., shot-receiver distance attribute) and displaying it under the designed observation system. Specifically, the color value corresponding to the facet element correlation value is set during display. In this embodiment, 20 levels of correlation values ​​are used, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the width of each level is consistent; and the colors of the shot point and receiver point are set, displaying the colors corresponding to the positions of the shot point and receiver point and the quantization values ​​of the fill elements within the mesh on the screen. The result is as follows. Figure 7 As shown, green represents the receiver point and black represents the shot point. Figure 7 Different background colors in the graph represent different correlation values. From this graph, it is very clear which part has a high correlation and which part has a low correlation.

[0041] 4) Display the azimuth and receiver distance attributes of target elements. Select a single target element to display its azimuth and shot-receiver distance rose diagram attributes. Simultaneously, use a specified color to display the shot point location associated with the target element in the main window, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the white triangle (the content within the blue circle) represents the location of one of the selected target elements, and the white dots represent the shot points associated with the selected white triangle element. The azimuth information of the shot-receiver distance of the element is obtained by matching the observation system file with the associated shot points.

[0042] 5) Draw a comprehensive overview of the shot-receiver distance and azimuth, using scroll bars to finely display the shot-receiver distance and azimuth rose details for each direction. The overview is as follows: Figure 8 As shown. The specific process is as follows:

[0043] ① Input the maximum number of grid cells for the shot-receiver distance. Divide the maximum shot-receiver distance of the observation system in step 1) into segments using the maximum number of grid cells as the segment number. Each grid cell has the same maximum shot-receiver distance interval. In this embodiment, the maximum number of grid cells is set to 10, the maximum shot-receiver distance is 4526m, and the maximum shot-receiver distance interval corresponding to each grid cell is 452m. The maximum number of grid cells can be arbitrarily given according to requirements; for example, it can be set as the distance between two receiver lines of the observation system.

[0044] ② Divide the azimuth angle into several equal parts at certain angular intervals, and place the azimuth angles of different shot-receiver distances in the statistically analyzed surface elements into the corresponding circular azimuth angle grid of 0-360°. In this embodiment, the azimuth angle is divided into 36 equal parts at 10° intervals, and Figure 8 The due north direction in the center is 0°.

[0045] ③ Draw a circle with the radius of the circular azimuth grid, using the shot-receiver distance segments as the base. The first segment has a radius of 452m, the second segment has a radius of 904m, and the radius increases in multiples of 452m. Then, each azimuth grid is further arranged in ascending order of shot-receiver distance to form concentric circles of azimuth grid. For example... Figure 8 The diagram shows a total of 10 concentric circles from the inside out.

[0046] ④ Place each shot-receiver distance into a corresponding concentric circle grid. The radius of the circle indicates the shot-receiver distance length; different radii represent different shot-receiver distances. The azimuth within the circle indicates the azimuth angle of the shot-receiver distance. The color code value in a concentric circle grid indicates the range of shot-receiver distances and the number of shot-receiver pairs within that range of azimuth angles. The resulting overview diagram is as follows: Figure 8 As shown.

[0047] 6) Draw a single-face rose diagram. Based on the data from step 4), obtain the shot-receiver distance and azimuth information within a single facet. Apply the process from step 5) to display the single-face rose diagram, and draw a shot-receiver distance scroll bar below it. Specify the minimum shot-receiver distance grid as one track spacing of 25m. Compare it with the maximum offset grid of 452 in the overview diagram to obtain the scroll range of 452 / 25 = 18, thus achieving the scroll range obtained from the maximum offset grid. Use a slider to display the rose diagram below the facet diagram. The final result is as follows: Figure 9 As shown.

[0048] 7) Change the display scale of the grid's shot-receiver distance range to browse details of each shot-receiver distance and azimuth angle, such as... Figure 10As shown. You can browse the minimum shot-receiver distance and azimuth. Scrolling to the shot-receiver distance range of 0-1400m reveals distances beyond 560m. Further scrolling to the shot-receiver distance range of 420-1820m shows detailed variations within that range. Figure 9 and Figure 10 same Figure 8 The principle is the same: different radii of the circle represent different gun-receiver distances, the azimuth inside the circle indicates the azimuth angle of the gun-receiver distance, and the color value in a concentric circle grid indicates the range of gun-receiver distances and the number of gun-receiver pairs within the range of azimuth angles corresponding to that concentric circle grid. The only difference is that the range of gun-receiver distances shown in a rose diagram is different. In this way, the changes in the azimuth angle of the gun-receiver distance of a specified element can be viewed in detail.

[0049] In summary, this invention calculates the shot point location, shot-receiver distance attribute, and surface correlation value associated with the target surface of the theoretical and designed observation system by inputting observation system parameters and target surface elements. It can directly display missing shot point details and guide the design of field observation systems.

[0050] Specific implementation methods have been given above, but the present invention is not limited to the described implementation methods. The basic idea of ​​the present invention lies in the above basic scheme. For those skilled in the art, designing various modified models, formulas, and parameters based on the teachings of the present invention does not require creative effort. Changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations made to the implementation methods without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for displaying surface element attributes in a three-dimensional observation system, characterized in that, The target elements in the work area are divided into square grids in the same way under both the theoretical and design observation systems. The length and width displayed within each target element are the maximum shot-receiver distance of the theoretical observation system, and the length of each square grid is the shot line distance of the theoretical observation system. The coverage count for each square grid is counted, which refers to the number of shot-receiver pairs whose shot-receiver distance length belongs to that square grid. The correlation between the theoretical and design of the target elements is evaluated based on the statistical results, and the target elements under the design observation system are displayed based on the correlation evaluation results. The correlation between the target element theory and the design can be evaluated using the following formula: In the formula, This demonstrates the correlation between element theory and design; Indicating the first theoretical observation system The number of times each square grid corresponds to a coverage; Indicates the design observation system under the first The number of times each square grid corresponds to a coverage; This indicates the total number of square grids within each face element; This indicates the number of times the data is covered within a surface element of the theoretical observation system.

2. The method for displaying surface element attributes in a three-dimensional observation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, If MaxOffset / OffsetNet is a positive integer, then the width of each square grid is OffsetNet; otherwise, the width of [MaxOffset / OffsetNet] square grids is the shot distance, and the width of the last square grid is MaxOffset - [MaxOffset / OffsetNet]. OffsetNet, MaxOffset represents the maximum shot-receiver distance, OffsetNet represents the shot-line distance, and [ ] represents the round-down operation.

3. The method for displaying surface element attributes in a three-dimensional observation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, If F > F0, the design shot point is determined to meet the theoretical design requirements; otherwise, the design shot point is determined to not meet the theoretical design requirements. F0 represents the set threshold, and 0 < F0 < 1.

4. The method for displaying surface element attributes in a three-dimensional observation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The methods for displaying target elements based on correlation assessment results include: displaying the work area based on the design observation system, with different elements in the work area filled with different colors according to their correlation values.

5. The method for displaying surface element attributes in a three-dimensional observation system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The display also includes the locations of the shot points and receiver points.

6. The method for displaying surface element attributes in a three-dimensional observation system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The shot point and the receiver point are displayed in different colors.

7. The method for displaying surface element attributes in a three-dimensional observation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also statistically analyzes and displays the shot points associated with the target surface element.

8. The method for displaying surface element attributes in a three-dimensional observation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, When it is determined that the design firing point does not meet the theoretical design requirements, the azimuth of the firing-receiver distance of each firing-receiver pair in the target surface element under the design observation system is also obtained, and a firing-receiver distance azimuth rose diagram of the target surface element is generated for display. The firing-receiver distance azimuth rose diagram includes multiple concentric circles, and different radii of the circles represent different firing-receiver distances. All concentric circles are divided into multiple concentric circle grids by multiple radius line segments of the circle with the largest radius. Taking the position of one radius line segment as the reference, the different included angles between the other radius line segments and the reference along the set direction represent different azimuth angles. A concentric circle grid is displayed by different colors to show the firing-receiver distance range and the number of firing-receiver pairs within the azimuth angle range corresponding to the concentric circle grid.

9. The method for displaying surface element attributes in a three-dimensional observation system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The center of the concentric circles represents the shot-receiver distance as 0, and the maximum radius of all concentric circles represents the maximum shot-receiver distance.

10. The method for displaying surface element attributes in a three-dimensional observation system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The center of each concentric circle represents a shot-receiver distance that is greater than 0 and less than the maximum radius of the concentric circle. The maximum radius of all concentric circles is less than the maximum shot-receiver distance.

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