A dual-mode dynamic light spot laser beam shaping system based on polarization light splitting and multi-mode beam combining principles

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of dual-mode dynamic light spot laser beam shaping systems based on polarization light splitting and multimode beam combining, using first p light s light splitter, laser is divided into s light and first p light with same power;S light is shaped into annular light spot by Doe shaping device, and s light after shaping is obtained, first p light is not shaped;When large spot is needed, adjust half wave plate without changing the polarization state of s light after shaping, so that s light after shaping and first p light are combined by second p light s light splitter, and form large spot;When small spot is needed, adjust half wave plate to make s light polarization state rotate 90° and become second p light, first p light and second p light cannot be combined after second p light s light splitter, only first p light is emitted, and small spot is formed.The spot size of the application can be quickly switched, and the diameter of large and small spots is obviously different;And switching large and small spots only needs to adjust or check half wave plate, and the adjustment mode is fixed, without affecting optical path and beam quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a dual-mode dynamic spot laser beam shaping system based on the principle of polarization beam splitting and multimode beam combining, belonging to the field of laser 3D printing technology. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of laser 3D printing, fixed-size laser spot processing is generally used, with the scanning width and spot diameter being the same. After processing a single layer, a large number of edges with a width smaller than the spot diameter are generated, resulting in some areas of metal powder not being completely melted. Variable spot technology can quickly switch to a smaller spot to complete the finishing processing of that area, avoiding the formation of pores inside the product and roughness on the outside.

[0003] Traditional variable spot lasers are based on the principle of beam expansion, but due to limitations in the incident light size of the galvanometer and field lens, the spot size variation is not significant enough to achieve fine processing. Furthermore, the adjustment tolerance of the beam expander itself can cause focal point shifts, placing high demands on the lens manufacturing precision and the calibration accuracy of the 3D printer stage. Therefore, traditional variable spot lasers with beam expansion are not suitable for laser 3D printing.

[0004] Therefore, this invention provides a dual-mode dynamic spot laser beam shaping system based on polarization beam splitting and multimode beam combining. It utilizes beam splitting technology to shape two laser beams separately and achieves rapid switching of spot size by controlling the beam combining state. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a dual-mode dynamic spot laser beam shaping system based on polarization beam splitting and multimode beam combining. The spot size can be switched quickly, and no fine calibration of the machine is required after switching. The difference in spot diameter between the large and small spots is significant (≥13 micrometers), thereby improving the quality of 3D printed products. The system is simple, reliable, and low in cost.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A dual-mode dynamic spot laser beam shaping system based on polarization beam splitting and multimode beam combining is disclosed in this application. The system utilizes the random polarization characteristics of a continuous laser and uses a first p-beam and s-beam splitter to split the laser into s-beams and a first p-beam with the same power.

[0008] The s-beam is shaped into a ring-shaped spot by the Doe shaping device to obtain the shaped s-beam, while the first p-beam is not shaped.

[0009] When a large light spot is needed, the half-wave plate is adjusted without changing the polarization state of the shaped s-beam, so that the shaped s-beam and the first p-beam are combined by the second p-beam s-beam splitter to form a large light spot.

[0010] When a small light spot is needed, the half-wave plate is adjusted to rotate the polarization state of the s-light by 90° to become the second p-light. The first p-light and the second p-light cannot be combined after passing through the second p-light s-light splitter, and only the first p-light is emitted to form a small light spot.

[0011] This application combines a Gaussian beam and a ring beam to homogenize the focused spot energy, improve substrate absorption, and reduce sputtering, making it suitable for use in the external optical path of laser 3D printing.

[0012] The aforementioned polarization state conversion is used to switch between beam combining and non-combining, which is equivalent to the function of a switch.

[0013] To simplify the structure and ensure stability in use, as one of the preferred solutions, the optical path structure of the dual-mode dynamic spot laser beam shaping system based on polarization beam splitting and multimode beam combining includes: a first p-beam and s-beam splitter, a first mirror, a Doe shaper, a second mirror, a half-wave plate, a second p-beam and s-beam splitter, and a water-cooling module.

[0014] The first p-beam and s-beam splitter, the first reflector, the Doe shaper, the second reflector, the half-wave plate (half-wave plate), the second p-beam and s-beam splitter, and the water-cooling module are arranged sequentially along the optical path propagation direction;

[0015] The first p-beam and the second ...

[0016] After the laser beam passes through the first p-beam and s-beam splitter, it is split into s-beam and first p-beam of equal power. The first p-beam passes through the first p-beam and s-beam splitter, and the s-beam is reflected by the first p-beam and s-beam splitter to form two independent laser beams.

[0017] When a large light spot is needed, the s-beam passes through the first reflecting mirror, the Doe shaper, and the second reflecting mirror in sequence to obtain the shaped s-beam. The shaped s-beam reaches the half-wave plate. Adjusting the half-wave plate does not change the polarization state of the shaped s-beam, so that the shaped s-beam and the first p-beam are combined by the second p-beam s-beam splitter to form a large light spot.

[0018] When a small light spot is needed, the S-beam passes through the first reflector, the Doe shaper, and the second reflector in sequence to obtain the shaped S-beam. The shaped S-beam reaches the half-wave plate, and the half-wave plate is adjusted to rotate the polarization state of the S-beam by 90° to become the second P-beam. The first P-beam and the second P-beam cannot be combined after passing through the second P-beam S-beam splitter. The first P-beam is emitted to form a small light spot, and the second P-beam is directed toward the water-cooling module.

[0019] The aforementioned half-wave plate serves to switch the size of the light spot.

[0020] The aforementioned half-wave plate can convert S-beams and P-beams into each other. For example, when S-beams pass through the half-wave plate, they are converted into P-beams. At this time, if the half-wave plate is rotated 90 degrees, it loses its ability to convert S-beams, and the S-beams will still be S-beams after entering.

[0021] Since the first p-beam is not shaped, it is a Gaussian beam; while the s-beam is shaped by DOE, it is a ring beam. This application, through a simple and ingenious design, creates two beams of different sizes and energy distributions by combining and separating the two beams.

[0022] The first p-beam and the second ...

[0023] The first p-beam and s-beam splitter and the first reflector are parallel and their reflecting surfaces face each other, that is, the reflecting surfaces of the first p-beam and s-beam splitter and the first reflector face each other; the second p-beam and s-beam splitter and the second reflector are parallel and their reflecting surfaces face each other, that is, the reflecting surfaces of the second p-beam and s-beam splitter and the second reflector face each other.

[0024] The lines drawn sequentially through the midpoints of the first p-beam and s-beam splitter, the first reflector, the Doe shaper, the second reflector, the half-wave plate, the second p-beam and s-beam splitter, and the first p-beam and s-beam splitter form a closed rectangle.

[0025] The installation angles of the first p-beam and second p-beam and second reflector relative to the horizontal plane are all 45°.

[0026] To meet general 3D printing needs, the first p-beam and s-beam splitter, the (ring beam) Doe shaper, the half-wave plate, and the second p-beam and s-beam splitter all operate at a wavelength of 1064nm.

[0027] The housing of the aforementioned dual-mode dynamic spot laser beam shaping system based on polarization beam splitting and multimode beam combining includes a first mirror tube, a second mirror tube, a connecting base, and a water-cooling module.

[0028] The first and second lens tubes are arranged in parallel. The top of the right side wall of the first lens tube is provided with a first splicing interface, and the top of the left side wall of the second lens tube is provided with a second splicing interface. The first and second splicing interfaces are arranged facing each other and connected together. The Doe shaping device is located at the splicing point of the first and second splicing interfaces.

[0029] The first lens barrel has a light outlet on the bottom left side, a water-cooling connection port on the bottom of the first lens barrel, and a third splicing interface on the bottom right side of the first lens barrel; the water-cooling module is connected to the water-cooling connection port.

[0030] The second lens barrel has a fourth splicing interface on the bottom left side and a light inlet on the bottom right side;

[0031] The third and fourth connectors are positioned facing each other and connected together;

[0032] The first p-beam and s-beam splitter is installed at the bottom of the second mirror tube, and the first reflecting mirror is installed at the top of the second mirror tube.

[0033] The second p-beam and s-beam splitter is installed at the bottom of the first mirror tube, and the second reflector is installed at the top of the first mirror tube; a half-wave plate (half-wave plate) is rotatably installed in the first mirror tube between the second p-beam and s-beam splitter and the second reflector.

[0034] The connecting base is provided with a first lens barrel connecting area, a second lens barrel connecting area and a collimating lens connecting area from left to right;

[0035] The bottom rear side of the first lens tube is connected to the first lens tube connection area, and the light outlet faces left; the bottom rear side of the second lens tube is connected to the second lens tube connection area, and the light inlet faces right; the laser collimator is connected to the collimator connection area, with the input end of the laser collimator connected to the laser head and the output end facing the light inlet on the second lens tube.

[0036] The mounting method of each optical lens inside the lens barrel shall refer to existing mature technologies.

[0037] To facilitate half-wave plate angle adjustment, the dual-mode dynamic spot laser beam shaping system based on polarization beam splitting and multimode beam combining also includes a rotating shaft. One end of the rotating shaft is located outside the first mirror tube and has an adjustment cap at its end. The other end of the rotating shaft passes through the side wall of the first mirror tube and connects to one end of the side wall of the half-wave plate. The other end of the side wall of the half-wave plate is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the first mirror tube.

[0038] For ease of use, a pointer is provided at the inner end of the adjusting cap (near the first lens barrel). The outer wall of the first lens barrel surrounding the adjusting cap is marked with an S-ray coating and a P-ray coating. When the adjusting cap is rotated until the pointer points to the S-ray coating, the half-wave plate does not change the polarization state of the shaped S-ray. When the adjusting cap is rotated until the pointer points to the P-ray coating, the half-wave plate changes the polarization state of the shaped S-ray, obtaining a second P-ray. The pointer rotates 90° from the S-ray coating to the P-ray coating. The installation direction of the half-wave plate needs to be carefully controlled during installation to achieve the aforementioned requirements.

[0039] This invention utilizes a Gaussian beam combined with a ring beam. Figure 1 (a) shows the light intensity distribution after the Gaussian spot and the ring spot are combined. After being designed and shaped by DOE, the ring spot can be combined with the Gaussian spot to form a larger flat-top circular spot. Figure 1 (c) is the Gaussian distribution of thermal effects. During laser processing, the center of the Gaussian spot has higher energy, which makes the material more prone to melting and splashing. Figure 1 As shown in (b), its temperature field distribution is more uniform. During 3D printing, the metal powder absorbs energy more uniformly within the scanning width of the light spot, which can effectively avoid the generation of voids, splashes and other defects.

[0040] Any techniques not mentioned in this invention are based on existing technologies.

[0041] This invention is a dual-mode dynamic spot laser beam shaping system based on polarization beam splitting and multimode beam combining. The spot size can be switched quickly, and the difference in diameter between the large and small spots is significant, thereby improving the quality of 3D printed products. Moreover, switching the spot size only requires adjusting or checking the half-wave plate. This adjustment method has a fixed stroke and does not affect the optical path and beam quality. After adjustment, there is no need to recalibrate the machine, which can effectively solve the current problem of difficult edge trimming in 3D printing. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a Gaussian beam combined with a ring beam.

[0043] Figure 2 This is the optical path diagram of the dual-mode dynamic spot laser beam shaping system based on polarization beam splitting and multimode beam combining of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the outer shell of the dual-mode dynamic spot laser beam shaping system based on polarization beam splitting and multimode beam combining of the present invention (the water cooling module is omitted).

[0045] Figure 4 This is a physical model diagram of the dual-mode dynamic spot laser beam shaping system based on polarization beam splitting and multimode beam combining of the present invention (the water cooling module is omitted).

[0046] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the adjusting cap structure;

[0047] Figure 6 Absorption rate of 304 stainless steel powder to 1064nm laser light;

[0048] Figure 7 Force diagram of a Gaussian beam striking a material;

[0049] Figure 8 This is a comparison chart of conventional laser 3D printing (normal laser welding) and the laser 3D printing (amb laser welding) of this application;

[0050] In the diagram, 1 is the first p-beam / s-beam splitter, 2 is the first reflector, 3 is the Doe shaper, 4 is the second reflector, 5 is the half-wave plate, 6 is the second p-beam / s-beam splitter, 7 is the water-cooling module, 8 is the first lens barrel, 81 is the first splicing interface, 82 is the light output port, 83 is the third splicing interface, 84 is the adjustment cap, 85 is the pointer, 86 is the s-beam coating, 87 is the p-beam coating, 9 is the second lens barrel, 91 is the second splicing interface, 92 is the light inlet, 93 is the fourth splicing interface, 10 is the connecting base, 11 is the laser collimator, and 12 is the laser head. Detailed Implementation

[0051] To better understand the present invention, the following embodiments further illustrate the content of the present invention, but the content of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0052] The directional terms used in this application, such as "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," are based on the relative orientations or relative positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are used only for the convenience of describing this application. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, the dual-mode dynamic spot laser beam shaping system based on polarization beam splitting and multimode beam combining has an optical path structure including: a first p-beam and s-beam splitter, a first mirror, a (ring beam) Doe shaper, a second mirror, a half-wave plate, a second p-beam and s-beam splitter, and a water-cooling module.

[0055] The first p-beam and s-beam splitter, the first reflector, the Doe shaper, the second reflector, the half-wave plate (half-wave plate), the second p-beam and s-beam splitter, and the water-cooling module are arranged sequentially along the optical path propagation direction;

[0056] The first p-beam and the second ...

[0057] The dual-mode dynamic spot laser beam shaping method based on polarization splitting and multimode beam combining is as follows:

[0058] After the laser beam passes through the first p-beam and s-beam splitter, it is split into s-beam and first p-beam of equal power. The first p-beam passes through the first p-beam and s-beam splitter, and the s-beam is reflected by the first p-beam and s-beam splitter to form two independent laser beams.

[0059] When a large light spot is needed, the s-beam passes through the first reflecting mirror, the Doe shaper, and the second reflecting mirror in sequence to obtain the shaped s-beam. The shaped s-beam reaches the half-wave plate. The half-wave plate is adjusted without changing the polarization state of the shaped s-beam, so that the shaped s-beam and the first p-beam are combined by the second p-beam and s-beam beam splitter to form a large light spot of 85μm.

[0060] When a small light spot is needed, the S-beam passes through the first reflector, the Doe shaper, and the second reflector in sequence to obtain the shaped S-beam. The shaped S-beam reaches the half-wave plate, and the half-wave plate is adjusted to rotate the polarization state of the S-beam by 90° to become the second P-beam. The first P-beam and the second P-beam cannot be combined after passing through the second P-beam S-beam splitter. The first P-beam is emitted to form a small light spot of 72μm, and the second P-beam is directed toward the water-cooling module.

[0061] The aforementioned half-wave plate serves to switch the size of the light spot. Through a simple and ingenious design, two different sizes and energy distributions of light spots are formed by combining and separating the two beams.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] Based on Example 1, the following improvements were made: Figure 1 As shown, the first and second p-beam / s-beam splitters are mounted at the same height, with their reflective surfaces facing away from each other. The first p-beam / s-beam splitter and the first reflector are parallel and their reflective surfaces face each other; similarly, the second p-beam / s-beam splitter and the second reflector are parallel and their reflective surfaces face each other. The installation angles of the first and second p-beam / s-beam splitters, the first and second reflectors, and the second reflector relative to the horizontal plane are all 45°. A closed rectangle is formed by connecting the midpoints of the first and second p-beam / s-beam splitters, the first reflector, the Doe shaper, the second reflector, the half-wave plate, the second p-beam / s-beam splitter, and the first p-beam / s-beam splitter.

[0064] The first p-beam and s-beam splitter, the (ring beam) Doe shaper, the half-wave plate, and the second p-beam and s-beam splitter all operate at a wavelength of 1064 nm.

[0065] Example 3

[0066] Based on Example 2, the following improvements were made: Figure 3-4 As shown, the housing of the dual-mode dynamic spot laser beam shaping system based on polarization beam splitting and multimode beam combining includes a first mirror tube, a second mirror tube, a connecting base, and a water-cooling module.

[0067] The first and second lens tubes are arranged in parallel. The top of the right side wall of the first lens tube is provided with a first splicing interface, and the top of the left side wall of the second lens tube is provided with a second splicing interface. The first and second splicing interfaces are arranged facing each other and connected together. The Doe shaping device is located at the splicing point of the first and second splicing interfaces.

[0068] The first lens barrel has a light outlet on the bottom left side, a water-cooling connection port on the bottom of the first lens barrel, and a third splicing interface on the bottom right side of the first lens barrel; the water-cooling module is connected to the water-cooling connection port.

[0069] The second lens barrel has a fourth splicing interface on the bottom left side and a light inlet on the bottom right side;

[0070] The third and fourth connectors are positioned facing each other and connected together;

[0071] The first p-beam and s-beam splitter is installed at the bottom of the second mirror tube, and the first reflecting mirror is installed at the top of the second mirror tube.

[0072] The second p-beam and s-beam splitter is installed at the bottom of the first mirror tube, and the second reflector is installed at the top of the first mirror tube; a half-wave plate (half-wave plate) is rotatably installed in the first mirror tube between the second p-beam and s-beam splitter and the second reflector.

[0073] The connecting base is provided with a first lens barrel connecting area, a second lens barrel connecting area and a collimating lens connecting area from left to right;

[0074] The bottom rear side of the first lens tube is connected to the first lens tube connection area, and the light outlet faces left; the bottom rear side of the second lens tube is connected to the second lens tube connection area, and the light inlet faces right; the laser collimator is connected to the collimator connection area, the input end of the laser collimator is connected to the laser head, and the output end of the laser collimator faces the light inlet on the second lens tube.

[0075] The laser emitted by the laser head is collimated by the laser collimating lens and enters through the light inlet on the second lens tube. After passing through the first p-beam and s-beam splitter, it is split into s-beam and first p-beam with the same power. The first p-beam passes through the first p-beam and s-beam splitter, and the s-beam is reflected by the first p-beam and s-beam splitter to form two independent laser beams.

[0076] When a large light spot is needed, the s-beam passes through the first reflecting mirror, the Doe shaper, and the second reflecting mirror in sequence to obtain the shaped s-beam. The shaped s-beam reaches the half-wave plate. Adjusting the half-wave plate does not change the polarization state of the shaped s-beam, so that the shaped s-beam and the first p-beam are combined by the second p-beam s-beam splitter to form a large light spot.

[0077] When a small light spot is needed, the S-beam passes through the first reflector, the Doe shaper, and the second reflector in sequence to obtain the shaped S-beam. The shaped S-beam reaches the half-wave plate, and the half-wave plate is adjusted to rotate the polarization state of the S-beam by 90° to become the second P-beam. The first P-beam and the second P-beam cannot be combined after passing through the second P-beam S-beam splitter. The first P-beam is emitted to form a small light spot, and the second P-beam is directed toward the water-cooling module.

[0078] Example 4

[0079] Based on Embodiment 3, the following improvements were made: the dual-mode dynamic spot laser beam shaping system based on polarization beam splitting and multimode beam combining further includes a rotating shaft. One end of the rotating shaft is located outside the first mirror tube, and an adjustment cap is provided at its end. The other end of the rotating shaft passes through the side wall of the first mirror tube and connects to one end of the side wall of the half-wave plate. The other end of the side wall of the half-wave plate is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the first mirror tube. In this way, the angle of the half-wave plate can be adjusted by rotating the adjustment cap.

[0080] Example 5

[0081] Based on Example 4, the following improvements were made: Figure 5 As shown, a pointer is provided at the inner end of the adjusting cap (near the first lens tube). The outer wall of the first lens tube around the adjusting cap is marked with an s-light coating and a p-light coating. When the adjusting cap is rotated until the pointer points to the s-light coating, the half-wave plate does not change the polarization state of the shaped s-light. When the adjusting cap is rotated until the pointer points to the p-light coating, the half-wave plate changes the polarization state of the shaped s-light to obtain the second p-light.

[0082] Figure 6 This refers to the absorption rate of 304 stainless steel powder material at 1064nm laser wavelength. It can be seen that when the material melts, the absorption at 1064nm increases instantaneously, resulting in a strong temperature difference between the metal substrate inside and outside the laser spot. For example... Figure 7 As shown, when a Gaussian beam hits a material, the material rapidly vaporizes. The expansion pressure generated by the high-temperature vapor displaces the liquid metal, forming a small hole. The metal vapor is subjected to the gravitational pressure and surface tension pressure of the outer liquid metal. When the three are out of balance, splashing occurs.

[0083] like Figure 8 As shown, compared to conventional laser 3D printing (using an SM905 laser head, 1064nm, 500-1000W, the laser is collimated and used directly), the point ring light of this application can effectively heat the outer 304 stainless steel powder (using an SM905 laser head, 1064nm, 500-1000W, using the system and method of this example), resulting in a temperature gradient distribution of the liquid metal around the aperture. Since surface tension is related to temperature, the metal vapor and surface tension, as well as the gravity of the liquid, form a relative balance, thereby significantly reducing splashing by more than 96.4%.

Claims

1. A dual-mode dynamic spot laser beam shaping system based on polarization splitting and multimode beam combining, characterized in that: The laser beam is split into s-beams and the first p-beams of equal power using a first p-beam splitter. The s-beam is shaped into a ring-shaped spot by the Doe shaping device, resulting in the shaped s-beam; the first p-beam is not shaped. When a large light spot is needed, the half-wave plate is adjusted without changing the polarization state of the shaped s-beam, so that the shaped s-beam and the first p-beam are combined by the second p-beam s-beam splitter to form a large light spot. When a small light spot is needed, the half-wave plate is adjusted to rotate the polarization state of the s-light by 90° to become the second p-light. The first p-light and the second p-light cannot be combined after passing through the second p-light s-light beam splitter. The first p-light is emitted to form a small light spot. Its optical path structure includes: a first p-beam / s-beam splitter, a first reflector, a Doe shaper, a second reflector, a half-wave plate, a second p-beam / s-beam splitter, and a water-cooling module; The first p-beam and s-beam splitter, the first reflector, the Doe shaper, the second reflector, the half-wave plate, the second p-beam and s-beam splitter, and the water-cooling module are arranged sequentially along the optical path propagation direction; The first p-beam and the second ... After the laser beam passes through the first p-beam and s-beam splitter, it is split into s-beams and the first p-beams of equal power. The first p-beams pass through the first p-beam and s-beam splitter, and the s-beams are reflected by the first p-beam and s-beam splitter. When a large light spot is needed, the s-beam passes through the first reflecting mirror, the Doe shaper, and the second reflecting mirror in sequence to obtain the shaped s-beam. The shaped s-beam reaches the half-wave plate. Adjusting the half-wave plate does not change the polarization state of the shaped s-beam, so that the shaped s-beam and the first p-beam are combined by the second p-beam s-beam splitter to form a large light spot. When a small light spot is needed, the S-beam passes through the first reflector, the Doe shaper, and the second reflector in sequence to obtain the shaped S-beam. The shaped S-beam reaches the half-wave plate, and the half-wave plate is adjusted to rotate the polarization state of the S-beam by 90° to become the second P-beam. The first P-beam and the second P-beam cannot be combined after passing through the second P-beam S-beam splitter. The first P-beam is emitted to form a small light spot, and the second P-beam is directed towards the water-cooling module. The first p-beam and the second ... Its housing includes a first lens barrel, a second lens barrel, a connecting base, and a water-cooling module; The first and second lens tubes are arranged in parallel. The top of the right side wall of the first lens tube is provided with a first splicing interface, and the top of the left side wall of the second lens tube is provided with a second splicing interface. The first and second splicing interfaces are arranged facing each other and connected together. The Doe shaping device is located at the splicing point of the first and second splicing interfaces. The first lens barrel has a light outlet on the bottom left side, a water-cooling connection port on the bottom of the first lens barrel, and a third splicing interface on the bottom right side of the first lens barrel; the water-cooling module is connected to the water-cooling connection port. The second lens barrel has a fourth splicing interface on the bottom left side and a light inlet on the bottom right side; The third and fourth connectors are positioned facing each other and connected together; The first p-beam and s-beam splitter is installed at the bottom of the second mirror tube, and the first reflecting mirror is installed at the top of the second mirror tube. The second p-beam and s-beam splitter is installed at the bottom of the first mirror tube, and the second reflector is installed at the top of the first mirror tube; a half-wave plate is rotatably installed in the first mirror tube between the second p-beam and s-beam splitter and the second reflector. The connecting base is provided with a first lens barrel connecting area, a second lens barrel connecting area and a collimating lens connecting area from left to right; The rear bottom of the first lens tube is connected to the first lens tube connection area, and the light outlet faces left; the rear bottom of the second lens tube is connected to the second lens tube connection area, and the light inlet faces right; the laser collimator is connected to the collimator connection area, the input end of the laser collimator is connected to the laser head, and the output end faces the light inlet on the second lens tube; It also includes a rotating shaft, one end of which is located outside the first lens barrel and has an adjustment cap at its end; the other end of the rotating shaft passes through the side wall of the first lens barrel and is connected to one end of the side wall of the half-wave plate, and the other end of the side wall of the half-wave plate is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the first lens barrel. The inner end of the adjusting cap is equipped with a pointer, and the outer wall of the first lens tube around the adjusting cap is marked with an S-ray coating and a P-ray coating. When the adjusting cap is rotated until the pointer points to the S-ray coating, the half-wave plate does not change the polarization state of the shaped S-ray. When the adjusting cap is rotated until the pointer points to the P-ray coating, the half-wave plate changes the polarization state of the shaped S-ray to obtain the second P-ray.

2. The dual-mode dynamic spot laser beam shaping system based on polarization splitting and multimode beam combining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first p-beam and s-beam splitter are parallel to the first reflector and their reflecting surfaces face each other; the second p-beam and s-beam splitter are parallel to the second reflector and their reflecting surfaces face each other.

3. The dual-mode dynamic spot laser beam shaping system based on polarization splitting and multimode beam combining according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A closed rectangle is formed by connecting the midpoints of the first p-beam and s-beam splitter, the first reflector, the Doe shaper, the second reflector, the half-wave plate, the second p-beam and s-beam splitter, and the first p-beam and s-beam splitter in sequence.

4. The dual-mode dynamic spot laser beam shaping system based on polarization splitting and multimode beam combining according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first p-beam and second p-beam and second p-beam and second reflector are all installed at an angle of 45° relative to the horizontal plane.

5. The dual-mode dynamic spot laser beam shaping system based on polarization splitting and multimode beam combining according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first p-s beam splitter, the Doe shaper, the half-wave plate, and the second p-s beam splitter all operate at a wavelength of 1064 nm.

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