Marine disaster remote monitoring and early warning method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a remote monitoring and early warning method and system for marine disasters, and relates to the technical field of marine observation.The system can obtain ocean current data through an anchored buoy sensor chain arranged on a ship route and form a turbulence data set after data preprocessing; the method comprises the following steps: calculating an ocean current anomaly comprehensive index TOT for ocean current anomaly data, performing ocean current risk assessment according to a preset first ocean current disorder risk threshold A and a preset second ocean current disorder risk threshold B, triggering a subsequent analysis and early warning mechanism when the ocean current is abnormal and disordered, and further calculating a turbulence energy dissipation index ths when the ocean current is assessed to be abnormal, according to the method, the change trend of the turbulence intensity is evaluated, a comprehensive turbulence analysis evaluation index TLP is calculated and compared with a turbulence prediction threshold value C, and early prediction of ocean disasters is achieved. The system can effectively monitor ocean current changes, identify potential turbulence risks and provide timely early warning for ships through satellite communication.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine observation technology, specifically to a method and system for remote monitoring and early warning of marine disasters. Background Technology

[0002] Marine disasters are a key factor affecting global shipping safety and the stability of marine ecosystems. Triggered by factors such as ocean current changes, eddy currents, ocean turbulence, and extreme weather, marine disasters often pose serious threats to coastal residents, offshore operations, and global shipping, and also have a profound impact on international trade, shipping logistics, energy development, and the marine ecological environment. Global maritime trade accounts for more than 90% of international trade, and the safety of maritime routes is crucial to the stability of the global supply chain. However, sudden marine disasters can lead to shipping delays, ship damage, and even serious maritime accidents, further impacting the global economic order. To effectively address the threat of marine disasters, establishing an efficient, real-time remote monitoring and early warning system is essential. By comprehensively applying marine sensing technologies, satellite communications, and data analysis algorithms, dynamic monitoring of the marine environment can be achieved, improving navigation safety and providing scientific decision support for ship route monitoring.

[0003] Current ship route monitoring primarily relies on traditional weather forecasts, radar detection, and analysis of historical route data. However, these methods have limitations in responding to sudden ocean current anomalies and turbulence. First, traditional monitoring methods struggle to accurately capture the changing characteristics of deep-sea currents, especially key parameters such as local eddies, temperature and salinity variations, and turbulence dissipation rates. Second, many navigation monitoring systems depend on data collection by the ships themselves, failing to establish a wide-area, multi-layered real-time ocean current monitoring network, resulting in limited monitoring coverage. Furthermore, current marine disaster early warning systems often rely on historical statistics, lacking the ability to predict and assess based on real-time ocean current data, making it difficult to provide timely warnings of impending turbulence risks, potentially leaving ships unprepared for maritime disasters. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method and system for remote monitoring and early warning of marine disasters, which solves the problems mentioned in the background.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a remote monitoring and early warning system for marine disasters, comprising an ocean current data acquisition module, an ocean current analysis module, an ocean current risk assessment module, a turbulence energy analysis module, a turbulence energy analysis module, and a comprehensive ocean current early warning module; The ocean current data acquisition module is used to monitor ocean current data in real time based on the anchored buoy sensor chain placed on the ship's route, obtain turbulence data sets after preprocessing, and store them in the data storage repository in real time. The ocean current analysis module is used to perform summary calculations based on the turbulence data set, and analyze the changes in ocean current velocity, temperature, salinity and eddies; The ocean current risk assessment module is used to summarize and calculate based on the analysis results of the ocean current analysis module, obtain the ocean current anomaly comprehensive index TOT, and conduct ocean current risk assessment with the preset first ocean current turbulence risk threshold A and the second ocean current turbulence risk threshold B. The turbulent energy analysis module is used to perform summary calculations based on the acquired turbulent energy data set when the ocean current risk assessment indicates an abnormal ocean current, and to obtain the turbulent energy dissipation index ths. The integrated ocean current early warning module is used to summarize and calculate the integrated turbulence analysis and evaluation index TLP based on the obtained integrated ocean current anomaly index TOT and turbulence energy dissipation index ths, and compare it with the preset turbulence prediction threshold C to predict and evaluate turbulence risk.

[0006] Preferably, the ocean current data acquisition module includes an ocean current data monitoring unit, a data processing unit, and a data storage unit; The ocean current data monitoring unit is used to monitor ocean current data in real time based on the anchored buoy sensor chain placed on the ship's route. The anchored buoy sensor chain includes a seabed eddy sensor, a pressure sensor, a current meter, an anchored CTD, a deep-sea temperature sensor, a marine heat flux sensor, a deep-sea turbulence detection buoy, and a marine turbulence dissipation rate buoy.

[0007] Preferably, the data processing unit is used to establish communication between the anchored buoy sensor chain and the marine monitoring system via satellite communication, and to transmit ocean current data to the marine monitoring system for noise reduction, data correction, outlier detection, data time synchronization and dimensionless processing to obtain turbulence data sets; The turbulence data set includes an ocean current anomaly data set and a turbulence energy data set; The ocean current anomaly data set includes vertical shear strength vgd, seawater depth z, lateral seawater velocity x, longitudinal seawater velocity y, seawater salinity S, seawater temperature T, and local eddy intensity wjb. The turbulent energy data set includes heat flux perturbation rate ght, turbulent internal wave wiw, vorticity dissipation rate sbf, and halocline perturbation sbf. The data storage unit is used to build a data repository based on the marine monitoring system and to store turbulence data sets into the data repository in real time.

[0008] Preferably, the ocean current analysis module is used to perform summary calculations based on the acquired ocean current anomaly data sets, and to obtain the local ocean current shear index SHEE, the seawater thermohaline disturbance index HTS, and the vorticity growth instability index VO, as follows; The local ocean current shear index she is used to analyze the degree of drastic change in velocity gradient between different water layers, and is calculated using the following formula; ; In the formula, d represents the total differential. To represent partial derivatives, Represents the total differential with respect to depth, indicating the degree of shear variation at different depths. u and v represent the ocean current velocities in the east-west and north-south directions, respectively. and These represent the rate of change of seawater current velocity at different seawater depths in the east-west and north-south directions, respectively, i.e., the velocity gradient between water layers. The seawater thermohaline disturbance index hts is used to analyze the intensity of changes in seawater temperature and salinity anomalies, and is calculated using the following formula; ; In the formula, and These represent the rates of change of seawater salinity and seawater temperature over time, respectively, with α representing the temperature-salinity coupling coefficient. The diffusivity represents the heat flux dispersion, and k1 and k2 represent the diffusion coefficients of seawater salinity and seawater temperature, respectively. and These represent the seawater salinity gradient and the seawater temperature gradient, respectively. The vorticity growth instability index vortex is used to analyze the motion of ocean current vortices and is calculated using the following formula; ; In the formula, H represents the total depth of the monitored seawater, and md represents the density of the seawater at the current moment. This represents the rate of change of vorticity over time. This represents the rate of change of the lateral velocity of an ocean current. This represents the rate of change of the longitudinal velocity of the ocean current. This represents the rate of change of the transverse velocity gradient of an ocean current along its longitudinal direction. denoted as the rate of change of the longitudinal velocity gradient of the ocean current along the transverse direction, w represents the turbulent kinetic energy influence factor, and dz represents the integral quantity of seawater depth.

[0009] Preferably, the ocean current risk assessment module includes an ocean current risk analysis unit and an ocean current anomaly assessment unit; The ocean current risk analysis unit is used to summarize and calculate the obtained local ocean current shear index SHEE, seawater thermohaline disturbance index HTS, and vorticity growth instability index VO, and obtain the comprehensive ocean current anomaly index TOT. The Ocean Current Anomaly Index (TOT) is calculated using the following formula; ; In the formula, Let ln denote the total differential with respect to the depth direction, ln denote the logarithmic function, and e denote the exponential function. ∇ represents the rate of change of vorticity over time, ∇ represents the gradient operator, and ∇*(she*hts) represents the divergence between the local ocean current shear index she and the seawater thermohaline disturbance index hts. Represents the loop integral variable. This represents the closed-loop integral.

[0010] Preferably, the ocean current anomaly assessment unit is used to statistically analyze the total TOT (Total Tense Index) of all historical ocean currents, including both normal and turbulent currents, based on all historical ocean current anomaly indices, and then calculate the mean of the historical ocean current anomaly indices TOT using statistical methods. and standard deviation Based on the mean and standard deviation combined with a smoothing factor, a first ocean current turbulence risk threshold A and a second ocean current turbulence risk threshold B are preset. Where c1 and c2 represent the mean of the Total Ocean Current Anomaly Index (TOT), respectively. and standard deviation The smoothing factor is used, and the ocean current risk is assessed by combining it with the real-time acquired comprehensive ocean current anomaly index TOT. The specific assessment scheme is as follows: When the comprehensive index of ocean current anomalies (TOT) is less than the first ocean current disturbance risk threshold (A), the ocean current is normal. When the first ocean current turbulence risk threshold A ≤ ocean current anomaly comprehensive index TOT ≤ second ocean current turbulence risk threshold B, it indicates an ocean current anomaly, and turbulence energy analysis is performed at this time; When the comprehensive index of ocean current anomalies (TOT) is greater than the second ocean current turbulence risk threshold (B), it indicates ocean current turbulence.

[0011] Preferably, the turbulence energy analysis module is used by the ocean monitoring system to perform turbulence energy analysis when the ocean current risk assessment indicates an abnormal ocean current. The turbulence energy analysis is used to summarize and calculate based on the acquired turbulence energy data set, obtain the turbulence energy dissipation index ths, and analyze the rate of change of ocean current turbulence intensity. The turbulent energy dissipation index ths is calculated using the following formula; ; In the formula, ln represents the logarithmic function.

[0012] Preferably, the integrated ocean current early warning module includes an ocean current prediction and analysis unit and an ocean current prediction and evaluation unit; The ocean current prediction and analysis unit is used to summarize and calculate the comprehensive turbulence analysis and evaluation index TLP based on the obtained comprehensive ocean current anomaly index TOT and turbulence energy dissipation index ths. The Comprehensive Turbulence Analysis and Evaluation Index (TLP) is calculated using the following formula; ; In the formula, e represents an exponential function.

[0013] Preferably, the ocean current prediction and evaluation unit is used to calculate the mean of the historical comprehensive turbulence analysis and evaluation index (TLP) using statistical methods based on all historical comprehensive turbulence analysis and evaluation indices (TLP). A preset turbulence prediction threshold C is set based on the mean, and turbulence risk prediction and assessment are performed with the real-time acquired comprehensive turbulence analysis and assessment index TLP. The specific assessment scheme is as follows: When the comprehensive turbulence analysis evaluation index TLP is greater than or equal to the turbulence prediction threshold C, it indicates that the turbulence is gradually becoming disordered. When the comprehensive turbulence analysis evaluation index TLP is less than the turbulence prediction threshold C, it indicates that the turbulence is gradually returning to normal.

[0014] A method for remote monitoring and early warning of marine disasters includes the following steps: S1. Based on the real-time monitoring of ocean current data by the anchored buoy sensor chain placed on the ship's route, the turbulence data set is obtained after preprocessing and stored in the data repository in real time. S2. Summarize and calculate based on the turbulence data set to analyze the changes in ocean current velocity, temperature, salinity, and eddies; S3. Based on the analysis results of the ocean current analysis module, the ocean current anomaly comprehensive index TOT is obtained and compared with the preset first ocean current turbulence risk threshold A and the second ocean current turbulence risk threshold B to conduct an ocean current risk assessment. S4. When the ocean current risk assessment indicates an abnormal ocean current, the turbulent energy dissipation index ths is obtained by summarizing and calculating the acquired turbulent energy data set. S5. Based on the obtained comprehensive ocean current anomaly index TOT and turbulent energy dissipation index ths, the comprehensive turbulence analysis and evaluation index TLP is calculated and compared with the preset turbulence prediction threshold C to predict and evaluate turbulence risk.

[0015] This invention provides a method and system for remote monitoring and early warning of marine disasters. It has the following beneficial effects: (1) This system achieves accurate monitoring and prediction of ocean current anomalies and turbulence through multi-level data acquisition, analysis, and risk assessment. First, the system uses an anchored buoy sensor chain to collect ocean current data in real time. These sensors can acquire ocean current data and transmit the data to the ocean monitoring system via satellite communication. After denoising, correction, outlier detection, time synchronization, and dimensionless processing, the data forms a high-quality turbulence data set, laying the foundation for subsequent analysis. This data processing method not only improves the accuracy of the data but also ensures the real-time nature of the information, enabling the system to perform high-precision modeling and analysis of changes in the ocean current environment.

[0016] (2) This system achieves a quantitative assessment of ocean current anomalies by calculating the local ocean current shear index *she*, the seawater thermohaline disturbance index *hts*, and the vorticity growth instability index *vor*. The local ocean current shear index *she* measures the drastic changes in the velocity gradient between different water layers, reflecting the vertical shear of the ocean current; the seawater thermohaline disturbance index *hts* reveals the influence of thermohaline disturbance on ocean current anomalies by analyzing the interaction of temperature and salinity changes; and the vorticity growth instability index *vor* focuses on the changes in the rotational structure of the ocean current and assesses the instability of the vortex. After comprehensive calculation, these parameters form the comprehensive ocean current anomaly index *TOT*, which is used to assess the degree of ocean current turbulence and compare it with historical data to set reasonable first ocean current turbulence risk thresholds *A* and *B* to distinguish between normal, abnormal, and turbulent states of ocean currents. When an ocean current anomaly occurs, the system further analyzes the turbulence energy dissipation index *ths*, reflecting the rate of turbulence energy dissipation, thus providing a reference for the evolution trend of turbulence.

[0017] (3) Based on the comprehensive ocean current anomaly index TOT and the turbulence energy dissipation index ths, the system calculates the comprehensive turbulence analysis and assessment index TLP, which is used to comprehensively assess the overall risk of turbulence. When the comprehensive turbulence analysis and assessment index TLP is less than the turbulence prediction threshold C, it indicates that the turbulence is gradually becoming calmer; when the comprehensive turbulence analysis and assessment index TLP exceeds the preset turbulence prediction threshold C, the system will automatically trigger the marine disaster early warning mechanism and send real-time alarms to ships via satellite communication to guide ships to adjust their routes or take emergency avoidance measures to minimize the impact of marine disasters. Through this complete ocean current monitoring, analysis, assessment and early warning system, the system effectively improves the ability to perceive the ocean current environment, enhances the safety of ship navigation, and reduces economic losses caused by marine disasters. In addition, the large amount of ocean current data and risk assessment results generated by the system also provide important technical support for marine scientific research and shipping management, enabling it to play an important role in future marine disaster prevention and control and marine environmental research. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the process of a remote monitoring and early warning system for marine disasters according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the steps of a remote monitoring and early warning method for marine disasters according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the operating principle of a remote monitoring and early warning system for marine disasters according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1 Please see Figure 1 This invention provides a remote monitoring and early warning system for marine disasters. To achieve the above objectives, this invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: including an ocean current data acquisition module, an ocean current analysis module, an ocean current risk assessment module, a turbulence energy analysis module, a turbulence energy analysis module, and a comprehensive ocean current early warning module; The ocean current data acquisition module is used to monitor ocean current data in real time based on the anchored buoy sensor chain placed on the ship's route, obtain turbulence data sets after preprocessing, and store them in the data storage repository in real time. The ocean current analysis module is used to perform summary calculations based on the turbulence data set, and analyze the changes in ocean current velocity, temperature, salinity and eddies; The ocean current risk assessment module is used to summarize and calculate based on the analysis results of the ocean current analysis module, obtain the ocean current anomaly comprehensive index TOT, and conduct ocean current risk assessment with the preset first ocean current turbulence risk threshold A and the second ocean current turbulence risk threshold B. The turbulent energy analysis module is used to perform summary calculations based on the acquired turbulent energy data set when the ocean current risk assessment indicates an abnormal ocean current, and to obtain the turbulent energy dissipation index ths. The integrated ocean current early warning module is used to summarize and calculate the integrated turbulence analysis and evaluation index TLP based on the obtained integrated ocean current anomaly index TOT and turbulence energy dissipation index ths, and compare it with the preset turbulence prediction threshold C to predict and evaluate turbulence risk.

[0021] In this embodiment, the ocean current data acquisition module relies on an anchored buoy sensor chain to acquire ocean current data in real time and with high precision. After preprocessing the ocean current data to obtain turbulence data sets, it stores the data in a data repository to ensure data integrity and timeliness. The ocean current analysis module performs comprehensive calculations based on the acquired turbulence data sets to obtain the local ocean current shear index *she*, the seawater thermohaline disturbance index *hts*, and the vorticity growth instability index *vor*, deeply analyzing the dynamic characteristics of the ocean currents and providing data support for the identification of ocean current anomalies and subsequent risk assessment. Compared with traditional single-point monitoring or short-term measurement methods, this system improves the coverage and accuracy of data acquisition through a continuous, distributed buoy network, making the monitoring of the marine environment more comprehensive and reliable. By calculating the ocean current anomaly comprehensive index *TOT*, the degree of ocean current turbulence is scientifically quantified, and an ocean current risk assessment is performed against a preset first ocean current turbulence risk threshold A and a second ocean current turbulence risk threshold B to determine whether the ocean current state is abnormal or has reached a turbulent level. Once an ocean current anomaly is identified, the turbulence energy analysis module further analyzes the turbulence energy dissipation index ths to quantify the changing trend of turbulence intensity, providing a basis for accurate assessment of turbulence status. This multi-parameter fusion-based analysis method, compared to traditional early warning methods that rely on a single ocean current velocity or temperature anomaly, is more accurate in capturing the complex changes in the ocean current environment, improving the system's sensitivity and response capability to sudden ocean current disasters. Furthermore, through statistical analysis of historical data, the system can dynamically adjust risk thresholds, reducing false alarm rates and improving the reliability of early warnings. The integrated ocean current early warning module calculates the integrated turbulence analysis and assessment index TLP based on the integrated ocean current anomaly index TOT and the turbulence energy dissipation index ths, assesses the overall evolution trend of turbulence, and compares it with historical data against a preset turbulence prediction threshold C. When the integrated turbulence analysis and assessment index TLP exceeds the turbulence prediction threshold C, the system can send a real-time alert to ships and provide hazard avoidance suggestions, helping ships adjust their routes in advance to avoid the impact of disasters. Compared to traditional ocean current monitoring methods that rely on manual experience, this system significantly improves the efficiency and accuracy of ocean current monitoring through fully automated data processing, computational analysis, and intelligent early warning, effectively reducing the threat of marine disasters to shipping safety. Furthermore, the vast amount of monitoring data accumulated by this system can be used for ocean current dynamics research, providing crucial scientific evidence for global marine environmental change research, climate prediction, and shipping safety management, thus promoting the development of marine science and shipping technology.

[0022] Example 2 This embodiment is an explanation based on Embodiment 1. Please refer to it. Figure 1 and Figure 3 Specifically: the ocean current data acquisition module includes an ocean current data monitoring unit, a data processing unit, and a data storage unit; The ocean current data monitoring unit is used to monitor ocean current data in real time based on the anchored buoy sensor chain placed on the ship's route. The anchored buoy sensor chain includes a seabed eddy sensor, a pressure sensor, a current meter, an anchored CTD, a deep-sea temperature sensor, an ocean heat flux sensor, a deep-sea turbulence detection buoy, and an ocean turbulence dissipation rate buoy. Vertical shear strength (vgd) is collected in real time by a seabed eddy current sensor. The seawater depth z is collected in real time using a pressure sensor; The transverse seawater velocity x, the longitudinal seawater velocity y, and the local vortex intensity wjb are collected in real time by a current meter. Seawater salinity S and halocline disturbance sbf were acquired in real time using an anchored CTD. Seawater temperature T is collected in real time using a deep-sea temperature sensor; The heat flux perturbation rate ght is collected in real time by an ocean heat flux sensor; The internal waves of turbulence are collected in real time by a deep-sea turbulence detection buoy. Eddy dissipation rate sbf is collected in real time by an ocean turbulence dissipation rate buoy.

[0023] The data processing unit is used to establish communication between the anchored buoy sensor chain and the marine monitoring system via satellite communication, and to transmit ocean current data to the marine monitoring system for noise reduction, data correction, outlier detection, data time synchronization and dimensionless processing to obtain turbulence data sets; The turbulence data set includes an ocean current anomaly data set and a turbulence energy data set; The ocean current anomaly data set includes vertical shear strength vgd, seawater depth z, lateral seawater velocity x, longitudinal seawater velocity y, seawater salinity S, seawater temperature T, and local eddy intensity wjb. The turbulent energy data set includes heat flux perturbation rate ght, turbulent internal wave wiw, vorticity dissipation rate sbf, and halocline perturbation sbf. The data storage unit is used to build a data repository based on the marine monitoring system and to store turbulence data sets into the data repository in real time.

[0024] In this embodiment, the ocean current data acquisition module achieves high-precision, comprehensive monitoring of the marine environment through a highly integrated ocean current data monitoring unit, data processing unit, and data storage unit. Utilizing an anchored buoy sensor chain, the system can acquire ocean current data in real time and, combined with deep-sea turbulence detection buoys and heat flux sensors, accurately capture the dynamic changes in ocean turbulence. Compared to traditional single-point monitoring or short-term observation methods, it can continuously acquire data over a wide area and transmit the data to the marine monitoring center via satellite communication. Through noise reduction, data correction, outlier detection, time synchronization, and dimensionless processing, turbulence data sets are acquired, ensuring high reliability and versatility of the data, providing a solid data foundation for subsequent ocean current anomaly analysis and turbulence energy calculation. It not only stores complete turbulence data sets but also subdivides them into ocean current anomaly data sets and turbulence energy data sets, enabling refined identification of different types of marine environmental anomalies. This efficient data processing and storage method greatly improves the utilization value of the data, enabling marine monitoring to move from single-parameter analysis to multi-dimensional integration, providing stronger support for marine disaster early warning and marine dynamics research.

[0025] Example 3 This embodiment is an explanation based on Embodiment 2. Please refer to it. Figure 1 and Figure 3 Specifically: the ocean current analysis module is used to summarize and calculate based on the acquired ocean current anomaly data set, and respectively obtain the local ocean current shear index SHEE, the seawater thermohaline disturbance index HTS, and the vorticity growth instability index VO, as follows; The local ocean current shear index she is used to analyze the degree of drastic change in velocity gradient between different water layers, and is calculated using the following formula; ; In the formula, d represents the total differential. To represent partial derivatives, Represents the total differential with respect to depth, indicating the degree of shear variation at different depths. u and v represent the ocean current velocities in the east-west and north-south directions, respectively. and These represent the rate of change of seawater current velocity at different seawater depths in the east-west and north-south directions, respectively, i.e., the velocity gradient between water layers. The seawater thermohaline disturbance index hts is used to analyze the intensity of changes in seawater temperature and salinity anomalies, and is calculated using the following formula; ; In the formula, and α represents the rate of change of seawater salinity and seawater temperature over time, respectively, and α represents the temperature-salinity coupling coefficient, indicating the degree of influence of temperature changes on salinity disturbances. The diffusivity of the thermohaline flux represents the spatial distribution and diffusion of thermohaline anomalies in seawater. k1 and k2 represent the diffusion coefficients of seawater salinity and seawater temperature, respectively. and These represent the seawater salinity gradient and the seawater temperature gradient, respectively. The vorticity growth instability index vortex is used to analyze the motion of ocean current vortices and is calculated using the following formula; ; In the formula, H represents the total depth of the monitored seawater, and md represents the density of the seawater at the current moment. This represents the rate of change of vorticity over time, i.e., the acceleration of local rotational motion. This represents the rate of change of the lateral velocity of an ocean current. This represents the rate of change of the longitudinal velocity of the ocean current. This represents the rate of change of the transverse velocity gradient of an ocean current along its longitudinal direction. denoted as the rate of change of the longitudinal velocity gradient of the ocean current along the transverse direction, w represents the turbulent kinetic energy influence factor, and dz represents the integral quantity of seawater depth.

[0026] In this embodiment, the ocean current analysis module achieves refined quantitative analysis of ocean current dynamic changes by calculating the local ocean current shear index *she*, the seawater thermohaline disturbance index *hts*, and the eddy growth instability index *vor*. It deeply analyzes the drastic changes in velocity gradients between different water layers, the impact of seawater temperature-salinity coupling on ocean current stability, and the instability of vortex motion. The local ocean current shear index *she* provides a measure of abrupt changes in ocean current velocity gradients, enabling the system to accurately identify dynamic instability phenomena between water layers. The seawater thermohaline disturbance index *hts* overcomes the limitations of solely relying on temperature or salinity anomalies, constructing a comprehensive index that simultaneously considers the interaction of both, thereby improving the accuracy of judging abnormal changes in seawater thermohaline. The eddy growth instability index *vor* starts from changes in the rotational structure of ocean currents, accurately characterizing the instability of ocean current vortices by calculating rotational acceleration, velocity change rate, and velocity gradient change rate, enabling the system to more effectively predict ocean current evolution trends that may lead to intensified turbulence. Compared to traditional ocean current analysis methods, this module provides more in-depth dynamic monitoring means, enabling the microscopic characteristics of changes in the marine environment to be quantified with high precision. This lays a more scientific and accurate foundation for early warning of ocean current anomalies and significantly improves the system's monitoring, analysis, and prediction capabilities in complex ocean current environments.

[0027] Example 4 This embodiment is an explanation based on Embodiment 3. Please refer to it. Figure 1 and Figure 3 Specifically: the ocean current risk assessment module includes an ocean current risk analysis unit and an ocean current anomaly assessment unit; The ocean current risk analysis unit is used to summarize and calculate the obtained local ocean current shear index SHEE, seawater thermohaline disturbance index HTS, and vorticity growth instability index VO, and obtain the comprehensive ocean current anomaly index TOT. The Ocean Current Anomaly Index (TOT) is calculated using the following formula; ; In the formula, Let ln denote the total differential with respect to the depth direction, ln denote the logarithmic function, and e denote the exponential function. The vorticity represents the rate of change over time, reflecting the evolution trend of the ocean current's rotational structure. ∇ represents the gradient operator. ∇*(she*hts) represents the divergence between the local ocean current shear index she and the seawater thermohaline disturbance index hts, describing their spatial diffusion behavior. Represents the loop integral variable. This represents the closed-loop integral.

[0028] The ocean current anomaly assessment unit is used to statistically analyze the total TOT (Total Anomaly Index) of all historical ocean currents, including both normal and turbulent currents, and to calculate the mean of the historical TOT using statistical methods. and standard deviation Based on the mean and standard deviation combined with a smoothing factor, a first ocean current turbulence risk threshold A and a second ocean current turbulence risk threshold B are preset. Where c1 and c2 represent the mean of the Total Ocean Current Anomaly Index (TOT), respectively. and standard deviation A smoothing factor is used to ensure that the mean is not affected by short-term fluctuations, and ocean current risk is assessed by combining it with the real-time ocean current anomaly index TOT. The specific assessment scheme is as follows: When the comprehensive index of ocean current anomalies (TOT) is less than the first ocean current disturbance risk threshold (A), it indicates that the ocean current is normal. When the first ocean current turbulence risk threshold A ≤ ocean current anomaly comprehensive index TOT ≤ second ocean current turbulence risk threshold B, it indicates an ocean current anomaly. At this time, turbulence energy analysis is performed, and a prevention warning is generated and transmitted to passing ships via satellite communication to remind them to take precautions. When the Comprehensive Ocean Current Anomaly Index (TOT) exceeds the second ocean current turbulence risk threshold (B), it indicates ocean current turbulence, generates a danger warning, and immediately issues a danger alert via satellite communication to remind ships to adjust their routes and take emergency avoidance measures.

[0029] In this embodiment, the ocean current risk assessment module calculates the comprehensive ocean current anomaly index (TOT) by comprehensively analyzing the local ocean current shear index, seawater thermohaline disturbance index, and vorticity growth instability index, achieving precise quantification of the degree of ocean current turbulence. Compared with traditional ocean current assessment methods based on a single parameter, this system uses multi-dimensional ocean current dynamic characteristics for fusion calculation, which can more accurately capture the abnormal evolution trend of ocean currents. Through gradient operators and closed-loop integral calculations, the system can more comprehensively assess changes in the rotational structure of ocean currents, providing a more scientific risk assessment for navigation safety. In addition, this module introduces historical data statistical analysis, using the mean and standard deviation to set a first ocean current turbulence risk threshold A and a second ocean current turbulence risk threshold B, ensuring the dynamic adjustment capability of risk assessment and avoiding misjudgments due to short-term ocean current fluctuations. When the comprehensive ocean current anomaly index (TOT) reaches different risk levels, the system can automatically activate the corresponding early warning mechanism and send risk warnings or emergency avoidance instructions to the navigating vessel in real time via satellite communication. The establishment of this mechanism has not only improved the accuracy of ocean current risk warnings, but also significantly enhanced the proactive prevention capabilities for marine disasters, enabling ships to take reasonable countermeasures earlier when faced with sudden changes in the marine environment, and to minimize the losses and risks caused by disasters.

[0030] Example 5 This embodiment is an explanation based on Embodiment 4. Please refer to it. Figure 1 and Figure 3 Specifically: the turbulence energy analysis module is used by the ocean monitoring system to perform turbulence energy analysis when the ocean current risk assessment indicates an abnormal ocean current; The turbulence energy analysis is used to summarize and calculate based on the acquired turbulence energy data set, obtain the turbulence energy dissipation index ths, and analyze the rate of change of ocean current turbulence intensity. The turbulent energy dissipation index ths is calculated using the following formula; ; In the formula, ln represents the logarithmic function.

[0031] In this embodiment, the turbulence energy analysis module can further analyze the degree of ocean current turbulence when anomalies occur, providing a more refined risk assessment. This module obtains the turbulence energy dissipation index (ths) by summarizing and calculating the turbulence energy data set, thereby accurately characterizing the rate of change of ocean current turbulence intensity. This energy dissipation-based analysis method, compared to traditional monitoring methods that rely solely on velocity or temperature anomalies, can more directly reflect energy changes within turbulence, identify turbulence development trends, and improve the response capability to sudden ocean current disasters. Furthermore, the application of exponential logarithmic operations makes the system more numerically stable and sensitive when processing energy dissipation data, accurately capturing abnormal signals even in low-energy disturbance phases, avoiding delayed warnings or false alarms. This mechanism not only improves the analytical accuracy of ocean turbulence changes but also enhances the system's intelligent adaptability, enabling it to dynamically adjust monitoring thresholds when facing complex marine environments, achieving more accurate disaster prediction and more efficient navigation safety protection. Example 6 This embodiment is an explanation based on Embodiment 5. Please refer to it. Figure 1 and Figure 3 Specifically: the integrated ocean current early warning module includes an ocean current prediction and analysis unit and an ocean current prediction and evaluation unit; The ocean current prediction and analysis unit is used to summarize and calculate the comprehensive turbulence analysis and evaluation index TLP based on the obtained comprehensive ocean current anomaly index TOT and turbulence energy dissipation index ths. The Comprehensive Turbulence Analysis and Evaluation Index (TLP) is calculated using the following formula; ; In the formula, e represents an exponential function.

[0032] The ocean current prediction and assessment unit is used to calculate the mean of the historical comprehensive turbulence analysis and assessment index (TLP) using statistical methods, based on all historical comprehensive turbulence analysis and assessment indices (TLP). A preset turbulence prediction threshold C is set based on the mean, and turbulence risk prediction and assessment are performed with the real-time acquired comprehensive turbulence analysis and assessment index TLP. The specific assessment scheme is as follows: When the comprehensive turbulence analysis and evaluation index TLP is greater than or equal to the turbulence prediction threshold C, it indicates that the turbulence is gradually becoming disordered and turning into a danger warning. The danger warning will be issued immediately via satellite communication and the waterway avoidance mechanism will be activated immediately. When the comprehensive turbulence analysis evaluation index TLP is less than the turbulence prediction threshold C, it indicates that the turbulence is gradually returning to normal.

[0033] In this embodiment, the integrated ocean current early warning module, through the synergistic action of the ocean current prediction and analysis unit and the ocean current prediction and assessment unit, achieves accurate prediction and dynamic risk assessment of turbulence states, providing a more forward-looking prevention and control method for marine disaster early warning. The integrated turbulence analysis and assessment index (TLP) is calculated in real time, and statistical analysis is performed based on historical data to dynamically set the turbulence prediction threshold C, enabling the early warning mechanism to have adaptive adjustment capabilities. Compared to traditional single-critical-value determination methods, this approach can continuously optimize the risk threshold based on long-term monitoring data, reducing the possibility of misjudgment and missed detection. When the integrated turbulence analysis and assessment index (TLP) exceeds the turbulence prediction threshold C, the system can quickly identify the transition of turbulence from abnormal to disordered, and issue a danger warning to ships in real time via satellite communication, activating the risk avoidance mechanism in advance, greatly improving the ship's ability to respond to sudden changes in ocean currents. Conversely, when the integrated turbulence analysis and assessment index (TLP) is below the turbulence prediction threshold C, it can accurately determine that the turbulence is stabilizing, avoiding unnecessary early warning interference. This prediction method, which integrates historical evolution trends and real-time monitoring data, makes the system's turbulence risk warning more intelligent, accurate, and efficient. It not only improves navigation safety but also provides a more scientifically based early warning method for marine environmental monitoring.

[0034] Example 7 Please refer to Figure 2 A remote monitoring and early warning method for marine disasters includes the following steps: S1. Based on the real-time monitoring of ocean current data by the anchored buoy sensor chain placed on the ship's route, the turbulence data set is obtained after preprocessing and stored in the data repository in real time. S2. Summarize and calculate based on the turbulence data set to analyze the changes in ocean current velocity, temperature, salinity, and eddies; S3. Based on the analysis results of the ocean current analysis module, the ocean current anomaly comprehensive index TOT is obtained and compared with the preset first ocean current turbulence risk threshold A and the second ocean current turbulence risk threshold B to conduct an ocean current risk assessment. S4. When the ocean current risk assessment indicates an abnormal ocean current, the turbulent energy dissipation index ths is obtained by summarizing and calculating the acquired turbulent energy data set. S5. Based on the obtained comprehensive ocean current anomaly index TOT and turbulent energy dissipation index ths, the comprehensive turbulence analysis and evaluation index TLP is calculated and compared with the preset turbulence prediction threshold C to predict and evaluate turbulence risk.

[0035] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A remote monitoring and early warning system for marine disasters, characterized in that: It includes ocean current data acquisition module, ocean current analysis module, ocean current risk assessment module, turbulence energy analysis module, and comprehensive ocean current early warning module; The ocean current data acquisition module is used to monitor ocean current data in real time based on the anchored buoy sensor chain placed on the ship's route, obtain turbulence data sets after preprocessing, and store them in the data storage repository in real time. The ocean current analysis module is used to perform summary calculations based on the turbulence data set, and analyze the changes in ocean current velocity, temperature, salinity and eddies; The ocean current risk assessment module is used to summarize and calculate based on the analysis results of the ocean current analysis module, obtain the ocean current anomaly comprehensive index TOT, and conduct ocean current risk assessment with the preset first ocean current turbulence risk threshold A and the second ocean current turbulence risk threshold B. The turbulent energy analysis module is used to perform summary calculations based on the acquired turbulent energy data set when the ocean current risk assessment indicates an abnormal ocean current, and to obtain the turbulent energy dissipation index ths. The integrated ocean current early warning module is used to summarize and calculate the integrated turbulence analysis and evaluation index TLP based on the obtained integrated ocean current anomaly index TOT and turbulence energy dissipation index ths, and compare it with the preset turbulence prediction threshold C to predict and evaluate turbulence risk.

2. The marine disaster remote monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ocean current data acquisition module includes an ocean current data monitoring unit, a data processing unit, and a data storage unit; The ocean current data monitoring unit is used to monitor ocean current data in real time based on the anchored buoy sensor chain placed on the ship's route. The anchored buoy sensor chain includes a seabed eddy sensor, a pressure sensor, a current meter, an anchored CTD, a deep-sea temperature sensor, a marine heat flux sensor, a deep-sea turbulence detection buoy, and a marine turbulence dissipation rate buoy.

3. The marine disaster remote monitoring and early warning system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The data processing unit is used to establish communication between the anchored buoy sensor chain and the marine monitoring system via satellite communication, and to transmit ocean current data to the marine monitoring system for noise reduction, data correction, outlier detection, data time synchronization and dimensionless processing to obtain turbulence data sets; The turbulence data set includes an ocean current anomaly data set and a turbulence energy data set; The ocean current anomaly data set includes vertical shear strength vgd, seawater depth z, lateral seawater velocity x, longitudinal seawater velocity y, seawater salinity S, seawater temperature T, and local eddy intensity wjb. The turbulent energy data set includes heat flux perturbation rate ght, turbulent internal wave wiw, vorticity dissipation rate sbf, and halocline perturbation sbf. The data storage unit is used to build a data repository based on the marine monitoring system and to store turbulence data sets into the data repository in real time.

4. A remote monitoring and early warning system for marine disasters according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ocean current analysis module is used to summarize and calculate based on the acquired ocean current anomaly data sets, and respectively obtain the local ocean current shear index SHEE, the seawater thermohaline disturbance index HTS, and the vorticity growth instability index VO, as follows; The local ocean current shear index she is used to analyze the degree of drastic change in velocity gradient between different water layers, and is calculated using the following formula; ； In the formula, d represents the total differential. To represent partial derivatives, Represents the total differential with respect to depth, indicating the degree of shear variation at different depths. u and v represent the ocean current velocities in the east-west and north-south directions, respectively. and These represent the rate of change of seawater current velocity at different seawater depths in the east-west and north-south directions, respectively, i.e., the velocity gradient between water layers. The seawater thermohaline disturbance index hts is used to analyze the intensity of changes in seawater temperature and salinity anomalies, and is calculated using the following formula; ； In the formula, and These represent the rates of change of seawater salinity and seawater temperature over time, respectively, with α representing the temperature-salinity coupling coefficient. The diffusivity represents the heat flux dispersion, and k1 and k2 represent the diffusion coefficients of seawater salinity and seawater temperature, respectively. and These represent the seawater salinity gradient and the seawater temperature gradient, respectively. The vorticity growth instability index vortex is used to analyze the motion of ocean current vortices and is calculated using the following formula; ； In the formula, H represents the total depth of the monitored seawater, and md represents the density of the seawater at the current moment. This represents the rate of change of vorticity over time. This represents the rate of change of the lateral velocity of an ocean current. This represents the rate of change of the longitudinal velocity of the ocean current. This represents the rate of change of the transverse velocity gradient of an ocean current along its longitudinal direction. denoted as the rate of change of the longitudinal velocity gradient of the ocean current along the transverse direction, w represents the turbulent kinetic energy influence factor, and dz represents the integral quantity of seawater depth.

5. A remote monitoring and early warning system for marine disasters according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ocean current risk assessment module includes an ocean current risk analysis unit and an ocean current anomaly assessment unit; The ocean current risk analysis unit is used to summarize and calculate the obtained local ocean current shear index SHEE, seawater thermohaline disturbance index HTS, and vorticity growth instability index VO, and obtain the comprehensive ocean current anomaly index TOT. The Ocean Current Anomaly Index (TOT) is calculated using the following formula; ； In the formula, Let ln denote the total differential with respect to the depth direction, ln denote the logarithmic function, and e denote the exponential function. ∇ represents the rate of change of vorticity over time, ∇ represents the gradient operator, and ∇*(she*hts) represents the divergence between the local ocean current shear index she and the seawater thermohaline disturbance index hts. Represents the loop integral variable. This represents the closed-loop integral.

6. A remote monitoring and early warning system for marine disasters according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ocean current anomaly assessment unit is used to statistically analyze the total TOT (Total Anomaly Index) of all historical ocean currents, including both normal and turbulent currents, and to calculate the mean of the historical TOT using statistical methods. and standard deviation Based on the mean and standard deviation combined with a smoothing factor, a first ocean current turbulence risk threshold A and a second ocean current turbulence risk threshold B are preset. Where c1 and c2 represent the mean of the Total Ocean Current Anomaly Index (TOT), respectively. and standard deviation The smoothing factor is used, and the ocean current risk is assessed by combining it with the real-time acquired comprehensive ocean current anomaly index TOT. The specific assessment scheme is as follows: When the comprehensive index of ocean current anomalies (TOT) is less than the first ocean current disturbance risk threshold (A), it indicates that the ocean current is normal. When the first ocean current turbulence risk threshold A ≤ ocean current anomaly comprehensive index TOT ≤ second ocean current turbulence risk threshold B, it indicates an ocean current anomaly, and turbulence energy analysis is performed at this time; When the comprehensive index of ocean current anomalies (TOT) is greater than the second ocean current turbulence risk threshold (B), it indicates ocean current turbulence.

7. A remote monitoring and early warning system for marine disasters according to claim 6, characterized in that: The turbulence energy analysis module is used by the ocean monitoring system to perform turbulence energy analysis when the ocean current risk assessment indicates an ocean current anomaly. The turbulence energy analysis is used to summarize and calculate based on the acquired turbulence energy data set, obtain the turbulence energy dissipation index ths, and analyze the rate of change of ocean current turbulence intensity. The turbulent energy dissipation index ths is calculated using the following formula; ； In the formula, ln represents the logarithmic function.

8. A remote monitoring and early warning system for marine disasters according to claim 7, characterized in that: The integrated ocean current early warning module includes an ocean current prediction and analysis unit and an ocean current prediction and evaluation unit. The ocean current prediction and analysis unit is used to summarize and calculate the comprehensive turbulence analysis and evaluation index TLP based on the obtained comprehensive ocean current anomaly index TOT and turbulence energy dissipation index ths. The Comprehensive Turbulence Analysis and Evaluation Index (TLP) is calculated using the following formula; ； In the formula, e represents an exponential function.

9. A remote monitoring and early warning system for marine disasters according to claim 8, characterized in that: The ocean current prediction and assessment unit is used to calculate the mean of the historical comprehensive turbulence analysis and assessment index (TLP) using statistical methods, based on all historical comprehensive turbulence analysis and assessment indices (TLP). A preset turbulence prediction threshold C is set based on the mean, and turbulence risk prediction and assessment are performed with the real-time acquired comprehensive turbulence analysis and assessment index TLP. The specific assessment scheme is as follows: When the comprehensive turbulence analysis evaluation index TLP is greater than or equal to the turbulence prediction threshold C, it indicates that the turbulence is gradually becoming disordered. When the comprehensive turbulence analysis evaluation index TLP is less than the turbulence prediction threshold C, it indicates that the turbulence is gradually returning to normal.

10. A method for remote monitoring and early warning of marine disasters, applied to a remote monitoring and early warning system for marine disasters as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Based on the real-time monitoring of ocean current data by the anchored buoy sensor chain placed on the ship's route, the turbulence data set is obtained after preprocessing and stored in the data repository in real time. S2. Summarize and calculate based on the turbulence data set to analyze the changes in ocean current velocity, temperature, salinity, and eddies; S3. Based on the analysis results of the ocean current analysis module, the ocean current anomaly comprehensive index TOT is obtained and compared with the preset first ocean current turbulence risk threshold A and the second ocean current turbulence risk threshold B to conduct an ocean current risk assessment. S4. When the ocean current risk assessment indicates an abnormal ocean current, the turbulent energy dissipation index ths is obtained by summarizing and calculating the acquired turbulent energy data set. S5. Based on the obtained comprehensive ocean current anomaly index TOT and turbulent energy dissipation index ths, the comprehensive turbulence analysis and evaluation index TLP is calculated and compared with the preset turbulence prediction threshold C to predict and evaluate turbulence risk.

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