A highly adaptable three-dimensional earthworm farming equipment

Abstract

This application relates to the field of earthworm farming, specifically disclosing a highly adaptable three-dimensional earthworm farming material distribution device. The device includes a frame, a lifting platform, a material distribution device, an arch-breaking mechanism, and a linkage device. The lifting platform is mounted on the frame, and the material distribution device is mounted on the lifting platform. The material distribution device includes a hopper, a first conveyor belt, and a second conveyor belt arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The second conveyor belt can move horizontally, tilt upwards, or tilt downwards along its own transport direction. The arch-breaking mechanism includes an arch-breaking roller rotatably mounted in the hopper. The linkage device is used to drive the arch-breaking roller to rotate rapidly and tilt the second conveyor belt upwards, or to drive the arch-breaking roller to rotate slowly and tilt the second conveyor belt downwards. When used for laying sticky or wet materials, the arch-breaking roller quickly breaks up the arches, and the second conveyor belt tilts upwards to increase the throwing distance. When used for laying dry powder materials, the arch-breaking roller slowly breaks up the arches, and the second conveyor belt tilts downwards to reduce dust generation, thus achieving optimal material distribution uniformity under various material conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of earthworm farming, and in particular to a highly adaptable three-dimensional earthworm farming fabric device. Background Technology

[0002] Earthworm farming, as an ecological industry that efficiently processes organic waste and produces high-quality bio-organic fertilizer and high-protein feed, has developed rapidly in recent years. In large-scale farming, a three-dimensional, multi-layered farming model is typically used to improve space utilization. Three-dimensional farming equipment usually includes multiple conveyor belt-type farming layers, enabling three-dimensional, cyclical farming. One of the core aspects of three-dimensional farming is the regular application of substrate or feed (collectively referred to as materials) to each farming layer. Traditional manual material application methods are labor-intensive, inefficient, and struggle to ensure uniformity, making them unsuitable for the demands of modern agricultural production.

[0003] As a result, some automated feeding equipment has emerged in the market. However, existing equipment still faces many challenges in practical applications: (1) Poor material adaptability: Earthworm farming materials, such as cow dung, mushroom residue, kitchen waste, etc., are often highly humid and sticky. They are prone to "bridging" or "arching" in the equipment's hopper, leading to interruption of material output and seriously affecting the continuity and reliability of operations; (2) Insufficient control precision: Traditional feeding machines are mostly manually adjustable or have a fixed thickness. They cannot make precise and dynamic adjustments based on the changes in feed demand of earthworms at different growth stages (such as less feed required in the juvenile stage and more feed required in the adult stage). This will not only cause feed waste, but may also affect earthworm growth due to insufficient supply; (3) Difficulty in ensuring uniformity of material distribution: For materials with different physical properties, their trajectory of being thrown in the air varies greatly. For example, dry powdery materials are prone to dust, while sticky and wet lumpy materials have a short throwing distance. Conveyors with fixed angles cannot simultaneously ensure the uniformity of both types of distribution, which can easily cause dust pollution or local accumulation on the surface of the breeding bed.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of fabric-making equipment that can adapt to complex materials, achieve intelligent and precise control, and ensure the uniformity of the fabric. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to improve the problems of poor material adaptability, insufficient control precision and difficulty in ensuring the uniformity of material distribution in existing earthworm feeding equipment, this application provides a highly adaptable three-dimensional earthworm farming feeding equipment.

[0006] The highly adaptable three-dimensional earthworm farming fabric equipment provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A highly adaptable three-dimensional earthworm farming fabric device includes: Frame; A lifting platform is mounted on the frame. A feeding device is installed on the lifting platform. The feeding device includes a hopper, a first conveyor belt, and a second conveyor belt arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The material in the hopper is transported to the breeding layer sequentially through the first and second conveyor belts. A telescopic mechanism is provided on the frame to drive the second conveyor belt to move horizontally along its own transmission direction. The frame is also provided with an tilt adjustment mechanism to drive the second conveyor belt to tilt or tilt downward along its own transmission direction. The arch-breaking mechanism includes an arch-breaking roller rotatably disposed in the hopper; The linkage device is used to drive the arch-breaking roller to rotate rapidly and drive the second conveyor belt to tilt upward, or to drive the arch-breaking roller to rotate slowly and drive the second conveyor belt to tilt downward.

[0007] In use, the lifting platform is raised and lowered along the frame to the height corresponding to the breeding layer. Then, the telescopic mechanism drives the second conveyor belt to extend horizontally and move above the breeding layer. The material in the hopper is transported to the breeding layer in sequence through the first and second conveyor belts. In conjunction with the operation of the breeding layer conveyor belt, the material is laid on the breeding layer. The rotation of the arch-breaking roller can agitate and crush the material in the hopper, effectively destroying the arch structure of the material.

[0008] When this application is used for laying sticky and wet materials, the linkage device drives the arch-breaking roller to rotate rapidly to break up the arches and the second conveyor belt to tilt upwards to increase the throwing distance. Furthermore, by adjusting the upward tilt angle of the second conveyor belt, "parabolic optimization" is achieved for different materials, ensuring a uniformly thick material layer on the surface of the aquaculture layer. This avoids uneven aquaculture caused by localized excessive thickness (leading to heat generation during composting and "burning" the earthworms) or insufficient food (leading to food shortages). When this application is used for laying dry powder materials, the linkage device drives the arch-breaking roller to rotate slowly to break up the arches and the second conveyor belt to tilt downwards to reduce dust generation, thus achieving optimal material uniformity under various material conditions.

[0009] Furthermore, the telescopic mechanism includes a fixed guide rail and a multi-stage telescopic guide rail slidably disposed on the fixed guide rail, and the second conveyor belt is disposed on the last guide rail of the multi-stage telescopic guide rail.

[0010] As the multi-stage telescopic guide rails extend step by step, the second conveyor belt extends from one side of the frame to the breeding layer, thereby transporting the materials to the breeding layer.

[0011] Furthermore, a fixed seat is fixedly provided on the lifting platform, and the tilt adjustment mechanism includes a tilt adjustment shaft rotatably disposed on the fixed seat. The tilt adjustment shaft is fixedly connected to a connecting seat, and the connecting seat is fixedly connected to the fixed guide rail. The linkage device can drive the tilt adjustment shaft to rotate.

[0012] The linkage device can adjust the tilt angle of the fixed guide rail by driving the tilt angle adjustment shaft to rotate, thereby adjusting the tilt angle of the second conveyor belt.

[0013] Furthermore, the arch-breaking roller includes a first arch-breaking roller and a second arch-breaking roller, the first arch-breaking roller and the second arch-breaking roller are respectively coaxially fixed with a first gear and a second gear, the first gear and the second gear have the same number of teeth and are jointly meshed with a first chain.

[0014] Furthermore, the first gear is coaxially fixed to a third gear, and the second gear is coaxially fixed to a fourth gear, wherein the number of teeth of the third gear is less than the number of teeth of the fourth gear; the linkage device includes a first linkage component and a second linkage component, wherein the first linkage component is used to drive the third gear to rotate and simultaneously drive the tilt angle adjusting shaft to rotate in the forward direction, causing the fixed guide rail to tilt upward; the second linkage component is used to drive the fourth gear to rotate and simultaneously drive the tilt angle adjusting shaft to rotate in the reverse direction, causing the fixed guide rail to tilt downward.

[0015] Furthermore, a first motor is fixedly installed on the lifting platform, and an output shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor. The output shaft is the power source of the arch-breaking mechanism. The output shaft is connected to the tilt adjustment shaft through an electromagnetic clutch. When the electromagnetic clutch is engaged, the tilt adjustment shaft rotates synchronously with the output shaft. When the electromagnetic clutch is disengaged, the tilt adjustment shaft does not rotate with the output shaft.

[0016] Since the angle adjustment duration of the fixed guide rail is usually short, while the material breaking mechanism typically breaks up material for a longer period, this application uses an electromagnetic clutch to achieve synchronous operation of the fixed guide rail angle adjustment and the material breaking mechanism, or to achieve independent operation of the material breaking mechanism. Specifically, when the electromagnetic clutch is engaged, the power of the output shaft can be transmitted to the tilt angle adjustment shaft, and the rotation of the output shaft drives the material breaking mechanism to operate, thereby breaking up material arches. At the same time, the tilt angle adjustment shaft rotates to adjust the angle of the fixed guide rail. When the electromagnetic clutch is disengaged, the power transmission between the output shaft and the tilt angle adjustment shaft is cut off. The output shaft rotates to drive the material breaking mechanism to operate, while the tilt angle adjustment shaft does not rotate, and the fixed guide rail remains stationary.

[0017] When in use, first switch the electromagnetic clutch to the engaged state so that the fixed guide rail angle adjustment and the arch-breaking mechanism operate synchronously; when the fixed guide rail angle is adjusted to the correct position, switch the electromagnetic clutch to the disengaged state. At this time, the fixed guide rail angle adjustment stops, but the arch-breaking mechanism continues to operate.

[0018] This application uses a first motor as the common power source for the arch-breaking mechanism and the tilt adjustment mechanism. The structure is compact and the drive of the arch-breaking mechanism and tilt adjustment mechanism is realized in a limited space, which reduces manufacturing costs and energy consumption.

[0019] Furthermore, the first linkage component includes a first drive gear connected to the output end of the first motor. When the first drive gear rotates in the forward direction, the fixed guide rail tilts upward. The first drive gear meshes with a fifth gear, the fifth gear is coaxially fixed with a sixth gear, and the sixth gear and the third gear mesh together with a second chain.

[0020] When the first motor drives the first drive gear to rotate in the forward direction, the first gear rotates under the transmission of the fifth gear, the sixth gear, the second chain, and the third gear. Under the transmission of the first chain and the second gear, the first arch-breaking roller and the second arch-breaking roller rotate; at the same time, the fixed guide rail tilts upward.

[0021] Furthermore, the second linkage component includes a second drive gear connected to the output end of the first motor. When the second drive gear rotates in the opposite direction, the fixed guide rail tilts downward. The second drive gear meshes with a seventh gear, and the seventh gear is coaxially fixed with an eighth gear. The eighth gear and the fourth gear mesh together with a third chain. The sixth gear and the eighth gear have the same number of teeth.

[0022] When the first motor drives the second drive gear to rotate in the opposite direction, the second gear rotates under the transmission of the seventh gear, the eighth gear, the third chain, and the fourth gear. Under the transmission of the first chain and the first gear, the first and second arch-breaking rollers rotate; at the same time, the fixed guide rail tilts downward.

[0023] Since the sixth and eighth gears have the same number of teeth, and the third gear has fewer teeth than the fourth gear, when the first drive gear rotates in the forward direction, the speed of the first and second arch-breaking rollers is greater than the speed of the first and second arch-breaking rollers when the second drive gear rotates in the reverse direction. That is, when the fixed guide rail is tilted upward, the speed of the arch-breaking rollers is faster, which is suitable for quickly breaking up and scattering sticky and wet materials; when the fixed guide rail is tilted downward, the speed of the arch-breaking rollers is slower, which is suitable for slowly breaking up dry powder materials and reducing dust.

[0024] Furthermore, the output end of the first motor is provided with a ratchet mechanism, which is used to make the first drive gear and the second drive gear rotate independently respectively.

[0025] Furthermore, both the first drive gear and the second drive gear are annular, with their teeth disposed on the outer periphery of the annulus; the inner periphery of the first drive gear is provided with a first ratchet groove at intervals, and the inner periphery of the second drive gear is provided with a second ratchet groove at intervals, with the first ratchet groove and the second ratchet groove facing opposite directions; the ratchet mechanism includes a first ratchet and a second ratchet coaxially fixed to the output shaft, the first ratchet being adapted to the first ratchet groove, and the second ratchet being adapted to the second ratchet groove.

[0026] When the output shaft of the first motor rotates in the forward direction, the teeth of the first ratchet engage with the first ratchet groove, driving the first drive gear to rotate. At this time, the teeth of the second ratchet slide over the second ratchet groove, and the second drive gear does not rotate. When the output shaft of the first motor rotates in the reverse direction, the teeth of the second ratchet engage with the second ratchet groove, driving the second drive gear to rotate. At this time, the teeth of the first ratchet slide over the first ratchet groove, and the first drive gear does not rotate.

[0027] In summary, this application includes the following beneficial technical effects: By setting up an arch-breaking mechanism and linkage device, this application effectively solves the problem of "bridging" or "arching" that easily occurs in the silo for high-humidity and high-viscosity materials, ensuring the continuity and reliability of material discharge. The arch-breaking roller can rotate quickly or slowly according to the material characteristics. Combined with the upward or downward tilt adjustment of the second conveyor belt, it significantly improves the equipment's adaptability to different materials (such as sticky and wet materials and dry powder materials), thereby achieving stable and efficient material distribution operations under various working conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure from another perspective of an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the middle; Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of part B; Figure 5 This embodiment of the application is mainly used to illustrate the structural diagram of the fabric feeding device and the linkage device; Figure 6 This embodiment of the application is mainly used to show the structural diagram of the fabric device and the linkage device from another angle; Figure 7 yes Figure 5 An enlarged schematic diagram of section C; Figure 8 yes Figure 6 An enlarged schematic diagram of part D in the middle.

[0029] Reference numerals: 1. Frame; 11. Lifting frame; 12. Lifting platform; 121. Fixed base; 13. First wire rope group; 14. Second wire rope group; 15. Lifting drive motor; 16. Bearing; 2. Fabric feeding device; 21. Hopper; 211. First arch-breaking roller; 212. Second arch-breaking roller; 213. First gear; 214. Second gear; 215. First chain; 216. Third gear; 217. Fourth gear; 22. First conveyor belt; 221. First conveyor motor; 23. Second conveyor belt; 231. Second conveyor motor; 24. Telescopic mechanism; 241. Fixed guide rail; 242. First-stage telescopic guide rail; 243. Second-stage telescopic guide rail; 244. Linear drive component; 25. Tilt angle adjustment mechanism; 251. Tilt adjustment shaft; 252. Connecting seat; 26. Thickness adjustment mechanism; 261. Baffle; 262. Rack; 263. Adjusting gear; 264. Drive shaft; 265. Locking ratchet; 266. Pawl; 267. Second motor; 3. Linkage device; 31. First motor; 311. Output shaft; 312. Electromagnetic clutch; 32. First linkage assembly; 321. First drive gear; 3211. First ratchet groove; 322. Fifth gear; 323. Sixth gear; 324. Second chain; 33. Second linkage assembly; 331. Second drive gear; 3311. Second ratchet groove; 332. Seventh gear; 333. Eighth gear; 334. Third chain; 335. Second ratchet. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-8 This application will be described in further detail.

[0031] This application discloses a highly adaptable three-dimensional earthworm farming fabric device. (Refer to...) Figure 1 and Figure 2 The highly adaptable three-dimensional earthworm farming equipment includes a frame 1, a lifting platform 12, a feeding device 2, an arch-breaking mechanism, and a linkage device 3. The frame 1 is equipped with a lifting frame 11, and both the frame 1 and the lifting frame 11 are rectangular three-dimensional frames welded from angle steel. The lifting platform 12 is fixedly mounted on the lifting frame 11.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 The fabric feeding device 2 is mounted on the lifting platform 12. The fabric feeding device 2 includes a hopper 21, a first conveyor belt 22, and a second conveyor belt 23 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The first conveyor belt 22 and the second conveyor belt 23 are driven by a first conveyor motor 221 and a second conveyor motor 231, respectively. The frame 1 is equipped with a telescopic mechanism 24 for driving the second conveyor belt 23 to move horizontally along its own transmission direction; the frame 1 is also equipped with a tilt adjustment mechanism 25 for driving the second conveyor belt 23 to tilt or tilt downwards along its own transmission direction.

[0033] Reference Figure 5 The arch-breaking mechanism includes a first arch-breaking roller 211 and a second arch-breaking roller 212 rotatably disposed in the hopper 21, used to stir and crush the material in the hopper 21. The linkage device 3 is used to drive the first arch-breaking roller 211 and the second arch-breaking roller 212 to rotate rapidly and drive the second conveyor belt 23 to tilt upward, or to drive the first arch-breaking roller 211 and the second arch-breaking roller 212 to rotate slowly and drive the second conveyor belt 23 to tilt downward.

[0034] In use, the lifting platform 12 is raised and lowered along the frame 1 to the height corresponding to the breeding layer. Then, the telescopic mechanism 24 drives the second conveyor belt 23 to extend horizontally and move above the breeding layer. The material in the hopper 21 is sequentially transported to the breeding layer via the first conveyor belt 22 and the second conveyor belt 23. In conjunction with the operation of the breeding layer conveyor belt, the material is laid on the breeding layer. The rotation of the first arch-breaking roller 211 and the second arch-breaking roller 212 can agitate and crush the material in the hopper 21, effectively destroying the arched structure of the material.

[0035] When this application is used for laying sticky and wet materials, the linkage device 3 drives the first arch-breaking roller 211 and the second arch-breaking roller 212 to rotate rapidly to break the arch, and the second conveyor belt 23 tilts upward to increase the throwing distance. Furthermore, by adjusting the upward tilt angle of the second conveyor belt 23, "parabolic optimization" is achieved for different materials, ensuring a uniformly thick material layer on the surface of the aquaculture layer and avoiding uneven aquaculture caused by localized excessive thickness or thinness. When this application is used for laying dry powder materials, the linkage device 3 drives the first arch-breaking roller 211 and the second arch-breaking roller 212 to rotate slowly, and the second conveyor belt 23 tilts downward to reduce dust, thereby achieving optimal material uniformity under various material conditions.

[0036] To achieve vertical lifting of the lifting frame 11, refer to... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The frame 1 is symmetrically provided with first wire rope groups 13 on both sides. Each first wire rope group 13 includes four pulleys and wire ropes wound between the four pulleys. One pulley is installed on the top of the frame 1, two pulleys are installed on the bottom of the frame 1, and one pulley is installed on the bottom of the lifting frame 11. One end of the wire rope is connected to the lifting drive motor 15, and the other end is fixed to the top of the frame 1.

[0037] To ensure the smooth lifting of the lifting frame 11, refer to... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The four corners of the frame 1 are respectively provided with a second wire rope group 14. Each second wire rope group 14 includes a pulley and a wire rope wound around the pulley. The pulley is installed on the top of the lifting frame 11, and one end of the wire rope is fixed to the top of the frame 1 and the other end is fixed to the lifting platform 12.

[0038] Furthermore, refer to Figure 3 The side of the lifting frame 11 is provided with multiple sets of bearings 16, and there is a gap between the two bearings 16 in each set to accommodate the angle steel of the frame 1. When the lifting frame 11 moves up and down along the frame 1, the bearings 16 rotate to reduce friction. At the same time, the gap between the two bearings 16 in each set cooperates with the angle steel of the frame 1 to guide the movement of the lifting frame 11, so as to ensure that the lifting frame 11 moves up and down smoothly.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4 The hopper 21 is fixedly mounted on the lifting platform 12 for storing materials. It has openings at both the top and bottom, and the first conveyor belt 22 is located below the lower opening of the hopper 21. To control the amount of material falling from the hopper 21 onto the first conveyor belt 22, a thickness adjustment mechanism 26 is provided on the hopper 21. Specifically, the thickness adjustment mechanism 26 includes a vertical baffle 261 located at the discharge end of the first conveyor belt 22. The baffle 261 is slidably mounted on the outer wall of the hopper 21 in a vertical direction. The up-and-down movement of the baffle 261 adjusts the thickness of the material on the first conveyor belt 22, enabling quantitative material distribution as needed. This not only saves feed costs but also helps create a suitable environment for earthworm growth.

[0040] Furthermore, refer to Figure 4 The thickness adjustment mechanism 26 also includes a vertical rack 262 fixedly mounted on the baffle 261. A second motor 267 is mounted on the outside of the hopper 21. A drive shaft 264 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor 267. An adjusting gear 263 is coaxially fixed to the drive shaft 264, and the adjusting gear 263 meshes with the rack 262. A locking ratchet 265 is also coaxially fixed to the drive shaft 264. A pawl 266 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the hopper 21, and the pawl 266 meshes with the locking ratchet 265. By driving the drive shaft 264 to rotate through the second motor 267, the baffle 261 can be raised and lowered under the transmission of the adjusting gear 263 and the rack 262. The pawl 266 and the locking ratchet 265 cooperate to achieve self-locking of the drive shaft 264, preventing the baffle 261 from falling due to its own gravity.

[0041] In addition, a non-contact thickness sensor (such as a laser or ultrasonic sensor) can be installed on the side of the second conveyor belt 23 to monitor the thickness of the material layer on the second conveyor belt 23 in real time; both the thickness sensor and the second motor 267 are electrically connected to a controller (such as a PLC or microcontroller). The operator presets the target thickness value on the controller interface (for example, 2cm for the larval layer and 5cm for the adult layer). The controller compares the actual thickness fed back by the thickness sensor with the preset value using PID calculation. Once a deviation occurs, it immediately outputs a signal to the second motor 267 to precisely adjust the height of the baffle 261, thereby forming a closed-loop feedback system.

[0042] The material falls from the hopper 21 to the first conveyor belt 22, and then from the first conveyor belt 22 to the second conveyor belt 23. In order to transport the material on the second conveyor belt 23 to the breeding layer of the three-dimensional aquaculture equipment, refer to... Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 The telescopic mechanism 24 includes a fixed guide rail 241, a primary telescopic guide rail 242 slidably mounted on the fixed guide rail 241, and a secondary telescopic guide rail 243 slidably mounted on the primary telescopic guide rail 242. The second conveyor belt 23 is mounted on the secondary telescopic guide rail 243. A linear drive component 244 is installed on the lifting platform 12. The linear drive component 244 can be a cylinder, an electric push rod, etc., and its output end is fixed to the secondary telescopic guide rail 243. The linear drive component 244 drives the primary telescopic guide rail 242 and the secondary telescopic guide rail 243 to extend step by step, so that the second conveyor belt 23 extends from one side of the frame 1 to the breeding layer, thereby conveying the material to the corresponding breeding layer.

[0043] To improve the applicability of this equipment to different materials, the tilt adjustment mechanism 25 is used to adjust the tilt angle of the fixed guide rail 241. When the fixed guide rail 241 tilts upward, the second conveyor belt 23 can throw the material in a parabolic shape, which is beneficial for the uniform spreading of sticky and wet materials; while when spreading dry powder materials, the fixed guide rail 241 tilts downward, so that the discharge end of the second conveyor belt 23 is as close as possible to the surface of the breeding layer, thereby reducing dust during the spreading process. The tilt angle adjustment of the fixed guide rail 241 is achieved in the following ways: Reference Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 A fixed seat 121 is fixedly installed on the lifting platform 12. The tilt adjustment mechanism 25 includes a tilt adjustment shaft 251 rotatably installed on the fixed seat 121. The tilt adjustment shaft 251 is fixedly connected to a connecting seat 252, which is fixedly connected to a fixed guide rail 241. The linkage device 3 can drive the tilt adjustment shaft 251 to rotate, thereby adjusting the tilt angle of the fixed guide rail 241.

[0044] Furthermore, when used for laying sticky and wet materials, while the fixed guide rail 241 tilts upward, the linkage device 3 also drives the first arch-breaking roller 211 and the second arch-breaking roller 212 to rotate rapidly, thereby quickly stirring and breaking up the sticky and wet materials in the hopper 21 and reducing the arching of the sticky and wet materials; when used for laying dry powder materials, while the fixed guide rail 241 tilts downward, the linkage device 3 also drives the first arch-breaking roller 211 and the second arch-breaking roller 212 to rotate slowly, thereby slowly stirring the dry powder materials in the hopper 21 to reduce dust.

[0045] Specifically, refer to Figure 5 and Figure 7The first arch-breaking roller 211 and the second arch-breaking roller 212 are coaxially fixed to the first gear 213 and the second gear 214, respectively. The first gear 213 and the second gear 214 have the same number of teeth and mesh together with the first chain 215. The first gear 213 is coaxially fixed to the third gear 216, and the second gear 214 is coaxially fixed to the fourth gear 217. The third gear 216 has fewer teeth than the fourth gear 217. The linkage device 3 includes a first linkage component 32 and a second linkage component 33. The first linkage component 32 is used to drive the third gear 216 to rotate and simultaneously drive the tilt angle adjusting shaft 251 to rotate in the forward direction, causing the fixed guide rail 241 to tilt upward. The second linkage component 33 is used to drive the fourth gear 217 to rotate and simultaneously drive the tilt angle adjusting shaft 251 to rotate in the reverse direction, causing the fixed guide rail 241 to tilt downward.

[0046] Furthermore, referring to Figure 5 and Figure 7 A first motor 31 is fixedly installed on the lifting platform 12. An output shaft 311 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor 31. The output shaft 311 is the power source for the first arch-breaking roller 211 and the second arch-breaking roller 212. The output shaft 311 is connected to the tilt angle adjusting shaft 251 through an electromagnetic clutch 312. When the electromagnetic clutch 312 is engaged, the power of the output shaft 311 can be transmitted to the tilt angle adjusting shaft 251. The output shaft 311 rotates to drive the arch-breaking mechanism to run, realizing the breaking of material arches. At the same time, the tilt angle adjusting shaft 251 rotates to adjust the angle of the fixed guide rail 241. When the electromagnetic clutch 312 is disengaged, the power transmission between the output shaft 311 and the tilt angle adjusting shaft 251 is cut off. The output shaft 311 rotates to drive the arch-breaking mechanism to run, realizing the breaking of material arches. The tilt angle adjusting shaft 251 does not rotate, and the fixed guide rail 241 remains stationary.

[0047] In use, the electromagnetic clutch 312 is first switched to the engaged state, so that the angle adjustment of the fixed guide rail 241 and the arch-breaking mechanism operate synchronously. After the angle of the fixed guide rail 241 is adjusted to the correct position, the electromagnetic clutch 312 is switched to the disengaged state. At this time, the angle adjustment of the fixed guide rail 241 stops, while the arch-breaking mechanism continues to operate. The first motor 31 serves as a common power source for both the arch-breaking mechanism and the tilt adjustment mechanism 25. It has a compact structure and achieves the drive of both the arch-breaking mechanism and the tilt adjustment mechanism 25 within a limited space, reducing manufacturing costs and energy consumption.

[0048] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 The first linkage component 32 includes a first drive gear 321 coaxially connected to the output shaft 311, the first drive gear 321 meshing with a fifth gear 322, the fifth gear 322 coaxially fixed to a sixth gear 323, and the sixth gear 323 and the third gear 216 meshing together with a second chain 324.

[0049] When the first motor 31 drives the first drive gear 321 to rotate in the forward direction (i.e.) Figure 7 (In the clockwise direction), under the transmission of the fifth gear 322, the sixth gear 323, the second chain 324 and the third gear 216, the first gear 213 rotates, and under the transmission of the first chain 215 and the second gear 214, the first arch-breaking roller 211 and the second arch-breaking roller 212 rotate; at the same time, the tilt angle adjusting shaft 251 rotates in the forward direction, driving the fixed guide rail 241 to tilt upward.

[0050] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 The second linkage component 33 includes a second drive gear 331 coaxially connected to the output shaft 311, the second drive gear 331 meshing with a seventh gear 332, the seventh gear 332 coaxially fixed to an eighth gear 333, and the eighth gear 333 meshing with a third chain 334 together with the fourth gear 217.

[0051] When the first motor 31 drives the second drive gear 331 to rotate in the opposite direction (i.e.) Figure 7 (In the counterclockwise direction), under the transmission of the seventh gear 332, the eighth gear 333, the third chain 334 and the fourth gear 217, the second gear 214 rotates, and under the transmission of the first chain 215 and the first gear 213, the first arch-breaking roller 211 and the second arch-breaking roller 212 rotate; at the same time, the tilt angle adjusting shaft 251 rotates in the opposite direction, driving the fixed guide rail 241 to tilt downward.

[0052] Furthermore, refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 The first drive gear 321 and the second drive gear 331 have the same number of teeth, the fifth gear 322 and the seventh gear 332 have the same number of teeth, and the sixth gear 323 and the eighth gear 333 have the same number of teeth; the sixth gear 323 has fewer teeth than the fifth gear 322, and the eighth gear 333 has fewer teeth than the seventh gear 332.

[0053] Based on the transmission relationship and gear ratio of the gears, when the first drive gear 321 rotates in the forward direction (i.e., when the fixed guide rail 241 is tilted upward), the first arch-breaking roller 211 and the second arch-breaking roller 212 rotate at a faster speed, which is suitable for quickly breaking up and scattering sticky and wet materials; when the second drive gear 331 rotates in the reverse direction (when the fixed guide rail 241 is tilted downward), the first arch-breaking roller 211 and the second arch-breaking roller 212 rotate at a slower speed, which is suitable for slowly breaking up dry powder materials and reducing dust.

[0054] In order to enable the first drive gear 321 and the second drive gear 331 to rotate independently and without interfering with each other, a ratchet mechanism is provided at the output end of the first motor 31.

[0055] Specifically, refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 Both the first drive gear 321 and the second drive gear 331 are annular, with their teeth located on the outer periphery of the annulus. The inner periphery of the first drive gear 321 is provided with first ratchet grooves 3211 spaced apart, and the inner periphery of the second drive gear 331 is provided with second ratchet grooves 3311 spaced apart. The first and second ratchet grooves 3211 face opposite directions. The ratchet mechanism includes a first ratchet (not shown in the figure) and a second ratchet 335 coaxially fixed to the output shaft 311. The first ratchet mates with the first ratchet groove 3211, and the second ratchet 335 mates with the second ratchet groove 3311.

[0056] When the first motor 31 drives the output shaft 311 to rotate in the forward direction (i.e.) Figure 7 (In the clockwise direction), the teeth of the first ratchet engage with the first ratchet groove 3211, driving the first drive gear 321 to rotate. At this time, the teeth of the second ratchet 335 slide across the second ratchet groove 3311, and the second drive gear 331 does not rotate. When the first motor 31 drives the output shaft 311 to rotate in the reverse direction (i.e., Figure 7 (In the counterclockwise direction), the teeth of the second ratchet 335 engage with the second ratchet groove 3311, driving the second drive gear 331 to rotate. At this time, the teeth of the first ratchet slide over the first ratchet groove 3211, and the first drive gear 321 does not rotate.

[0057] The implementation principle of a highly adaptable three-dimensional earthworm farming fabric device in this application embodiment is as follows: Material is added to the feed hopper 21. The first wire rope group 13 is driven by the lifting drive motor 15 to raise and lower the lifting platform 12 along the frame 1 to the height corresponding to the breeding layer. Then, the second conveyor belt 23 is driven to extend horizontally and move above the breeding layer by the telescopic mechanism 24. The amount of material falling from the feed hopper 21 to the first conveyor belt 22 is adjusted by the thickness adjustment mechanism 26.

[0058] When used for laying sticky and wet materials, the electromagnetic clutch 312 is first switched to the engaged state, the first motor 31 is started, and the output shaft 311 is driven to rotate in the forward direction. Under the transmission of the first linkage component 32, the rotation of the output shaft 311 drives the first arch-breaking roller 211 and the second arch-breaking roller 212 to rotate rapidly, so as to realize the rapid arch breaking of sticky and wet materials. At the same time, the power of the output shaft 311 can be transmitted to the tilt angle adjustment shaft 251, which drives the fixed guide rail 241 to tilt upward, and the second conveyor belt 23 throws the sticky and wet materials onto the breeding layer. After the angle of the fixed guide rail 241 is adjusted to the position, the electromagnetic clutch 312 is switched to the disengaged state. At this time, the fixed guide rail 241 stops the angle adjustment and maintains a fixed upward tilt angle. The first arch-breaking roller 211 and the second arch-breaking roller 212 continue to rotate rapidly to continuously break the arch.

[0059] When used for laying dry powder materials, the electromagnetic clutch 312 is first switched to the engaged state, the first motor 31 is started, and the output shaft 311 is driven to rotate in the opposite direction. Under the transmission of the second linkage component 33, the output shaft 311 rotates, driving the first anti-arching roller 211 and the second anti-arching roller 212 to rotate slowly, so as to realize the slow stirring of the dry powder materials. At the same time, the power of the output shaft 311 can be transmitted to the tilt angle adjustment shaft 251, driving the fixed guide rail 241 to tilt downward, so that the discharge end of the second conveyor belt 23 is as close as possible to the surface of the breeding layer to reduce dust. After the angle of the fixed guide rail 241 is adjusted to the correct position, the electromagnetic clutch 312 is switched to the disengaged state. At this time, the fixed guide rail 241 stops the angle adjustment and maintains a fixed downward tilt angle, while the first anti-arching roller 211 and the second anti-arching roller 212 continue to rotate slowly.

[0060] This application enables the arch-breaking roller to rotate quickly or slowly according to the material characteristics. Combined with the upward or downward tilt adjustment of the second conveyor belt 23, it significantly improves the equipment's adaptability to different materials, thereby achieving stable and efficient material laying operations under various working conditions.

[0061] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A highly adaptable three-dimensional earthworm farming material distribution device, characterized in that: include: Frame; A lifting platform is mounted on the frame. A feeding device is installed on the lifting platform. The feeding device includes a hopper, a first conveyor belt, and a second conveyor belt arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The material in the hopper is transported to the breeding layer sequentially through the first and second conveyor belts. A telescopic mechanism is provided on the frame to drive the second conveyor belt to move horizontally along its own transmission direction. The frame is also provided with an tilt adjustment mechanism to drive the second conveyor belt to tilt or tilt downward along its own transmission direction. The arch-breaking mechanism includes an arch-breaking roller rotatably disposed in the hopper; The linkage device is used to drive the arch-breaking roller to rotate rapidly and drive the second conveyor belt to tilt upward, or to drive the arch-breaking roller to rotate slowly and drive the second conveyor belt to tilt downward. The telescopic mechanism includes a fixed guide rail and a multi-stage telescopic guide rail slidably disposed on the fixed guide rail, and the second conveyor belt is disposed on the last guide rail of the multi-stage telescopic guide rail; A fixed seat is fixedly installed on the lifting platform. The tilt adjustment mechanism includes a tilt adjustment shaft rotatably mounted on the fixed seat. A connecting seat is fixedly connected to the tilt adjustment shaft, and the connecting seat is fixedly connected to the fixed guide rail. The linkage device can drive the tilt adjustment shaft to rotate. The arch-breaking roller includes a first arch-breaking roller and a second arch-breaking roller. The first arch-breaking roller and the second arch-breaking roller are respectively coaxially fixed with a first gear and a second gear. The first gear and the second gear have the same number of teeth and are meshed with a first chain. The first gear is coaxially fixed to a third gear, and the second gear is coaxially fixed to a fourth gear. The number of teeth on the third gear is less than the number of teeth on the fourth gear. The linkage device includes a first linkage component and a second linkage component. The first linkage component drives the third gear to rotate and simultaneously drives the tilt angle adjusting shaft to rotate in the forward direction, causing the fixed guide rail to tilt upward. The second linkage component drives the fourth gear to rotate and simultaneously drives the tilt angle adjusting shaft to rotate in the reverse direction, causing the fixed guide rail to tilt downward. A first motor is fixedly installed on the lifting platform, and an output shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor. The output shaft is the power source of the arch-breaking mechanism. The output shaft is connected to the tilt angle adjusting shaft through an electromagnetic clutch. When the electromagnetic clutch is engaged, the tilt angle adjusting shaft rotates synchronously with the output shaft. When the electromagnetic clutch is disengaged, the tilt angle adjusting shaft does not rotate with the output shaft. The arch-breaking roller can rotate quickly or slowly according to the material characteristics. Combined with the upward or downward tilt adjustment of the second conveyor belt, it improves the equipment's adaptability to different materials. When used for laying sticky and wet materials, the linkage device drives the first and second arch-breaking rollers to rotate quickly to break the arch, and the second conveyor belt tilts upward to increase the throwing distance. When used for laying dry powder materials, the linkage device drives the first and second arch-breaking rollers to rotate slowly, and the second conveyor belt tilts downward to reduce dust.

2. The high-adaptability earthworm three-dimensional breeding distribution equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first linkage component includes a first drive gear connected to the output end of the first motor. When the first drive gear rotates in the forward direction, the fixed guide rail tilts upward. The first drive gear meshes with a fifth gear, and the fifth gear is coaxially fixed with a sixth gear. The sixth gear and the third gear mesh together with a second chain.

3. The high-adaptability earthworm three-dimensional breeding distribution equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second linkage component includes a second drive gear connected to the output end of the first motor. When the second drive gear rotates in the opposite direction, the fixed guide rail tilts downward. The second drive gear meshes with a seventh gear, and the seventh gear is coaxially fixed with an eighth gear. The eighth gear and the fourth gear mesh together with a third chain. The sixth gear and the eighth gear have the same number of teeth.

4. The high-adaptability earthworm three-dimensional breeding distribution equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The output end of the first motor is provided with a ratchet mechanism, which is used to make the first drive gear and the second drive gear rotate independently.

5. The high-adaptability earthworm three-dimensional breeding distribution equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both the first drive gear and the second drive gear are annular, with their teeth located on the outer periphery of the annulus. The inner periphery of the first drive gear is provided with a first ratchet groove at intervals, and the inner periphery of the second drive gear is provided with a second ratchet groove at intervals. The first ratchet groove and the second ratchet groove face opposite directions. The ratchet mechanism includes a first ratchet and a second ratchet coaxially fixed to the output shaft. The first ratchet is adapted to the first ratchet groove, and the second ratchet is adapted to the second ratchet groove.

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