A high-efficiency intelligent stacking method for a ten-thousand-ton uranium ore surface heap leaching mine heap

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of high-efficiency intelligent stacking methods of ten-thousand-ton uranium ore surface heap leaching ore heap, belong to uranium heap leaching mining technical field, including four-step core process: uranium ore high-pressure roller mill crushing and particle size intelligent regulation, control crushing particle size by adjusting pressure, rotating speed and spacing;Broken ore drum granulator acid mixing granulation and particle size regulation, realize fine particle agglomeration by adding binder and concentrated sulfuric acid, control granulation particle size by adjusting rotating speed and binder, concentrated sulfuric acid dosage;Granulated ore belt conveying and uniformity regulation, suppress segregation by multiple belt coordination and speed adjustment;Granulated ore fan-shaped distribution and stack uniformity regulation, control rotating speed and distribution height to stack arc-shaped material pile;Whole process uses ore particle image analysis system to monitor in real time and dynamically adjust parameters.The method realizes 8.5~9.5m high stacking, stack porosity reaches 33.8%~36.9%, uranium leaching rate is >80%, significantly improves uniformity and permeability, reduces dust, suitable for ten-thousand-ton low-grade uranium ore heap leaching such as Hushan uranium.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of uranium heap leaching mining technology, and in particular to a highly efficient and intelligent method for constructing surface heaps for uranium ore with a capacity of tens of thousands of tons. Background Technology

[0002] The economical and efficient mining of low-grade uranium ore is an important direction for uranium resource utilization. A uranium mine in Namibia, a typical low-grade uranium resource base, possesses over 20 million tons of low-grade uranium ore resources, with an average uranium grade of approximately 0.02%. Due to the low grade, conventional stirred leaching processes are difficult to achieve economical and efficient uranium recovery, while column tests demonstrate the feasibility of surface heap leaching technology for uranium extraction.

[0003] However, the heap leaching process at the Hushang uranium mine faces numerous technical challenges: First, the proportion of fine-grained ore (particle size less than 0.5 mm) after crushing is relatively high, leading to poor uniformity and permeability of the heap after direct heaping, severely impacting leaching efficiency. Second, the local arid and windy environment (annual precipitation <50 mm) easily triggers the spread of radioactive dust, posing environmental risks. Third, traditional heaping methods have significant drawbacks: truck dumping combined with bulldozing can compact the material due to its own weight, resulting in low porosity, blocked permeability channels, and significant loss of metal recovery rate; mobile conveyor belt heaping does not solve the problem of uneven particle size distribution, easily causing coarse particle segregation and fine particle flying; and in heaping operations of tens of thousands of tons, truck heaping is limited by the heap height, raising the platform can easily cause safety accidents, and trucks moving back and forth can easily damage the geotextile in the heap, leading to leaching fluid leakage.

[0004] Therefore, how to achieve high uniformity, high permeability, and low dust generation in the heap leaching of low-grade uranium ore has become a key bottleneck in the application of large-scale heap leaching technology, and an intelligent and efficient heaping method is urgently needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an efficient and intelligent method for constructing surface heaps for uranium ore leaching with a capacity of 10,000 tons. Through intelligent control of multiple stages and coordinated operation of equipment, the method achieves high uniformity, high permeability, and low dust generation in the heap, thereby improving uranium leaching efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides an efficient and intelligent method for constructing a 10,000-ton-scale uranium ore surface heap leaching pile, comprising the following steps: S1. Intelligent control of uranium ore crushing and crushed ore particle size distribution in high-pressure roller mill: Uranium ore crushed to -40~-50mm is fed to the high-pressure roller mill, and the parameters of the high-pressure roller mill are adjusted to make the particle size distribution of the discharged ore conform to the preset particle size distribution law; the particle size distribution is monitored in real time through the first ore particle image analysis and control system. If the proportion of coarse or fine particles is abnormal, the parameters of the high-pressure roller mill are automatically adjusted until the particle size distribution conforms to the preset particle size distribution law. S2. Intelligent control of crushed ore rotary drum granulator with acid mixing and granulation and particle size distribution of granulated ore: The ore crushed in step S1 is fed into the rotary drum granulator, and a binder and concentrated sulfuric acid are added. The rotation speed of the rotary drum granulator is adjusted so that the particle size distribution of the discharged ore conforms to the preset particle size distribution law. The particle size distribution is monitored in real time through the second ore particle image analysis and control system. If the proportion of coarse or fine particles is abnormal, the rotation speed of the rotary drum granulator, the amount of binder and the amount of concentrated sulfuric acid are automatically adjusted until the particle size distribution conforms to the preset particle size distribution law. S3. Intelligent control of granulated ore conveying and particle size distribution uniformity of granulated ore: A conveying system consisting of a mobile belt conveyor, a transfer mobile belt conveyor, and a bridge-type mobile belt conveyor is used to convey the ore after granulation in step S2. Each belt conveyor is equipped with an ore particle image analysis and control system to monitor the particle size distribution in real time. If significant segregation occurs, the conveying speed and processing capacity of the belt conveyor are optimized and controlled until the particle size distribution conforms to the preset particle size distribution law. S4. Intelligent control of the uniformity of ore particle distribution in the granulation ore fan-shaped feeding machine and heap leaching ore pile: The ore conveyed in step S3 is fed and piled by the fan-shaped feeding machine. The fan-shaped feeding machine is equipped with an ore particle image analysis and control system to monitor the ore particle size distribution on the pile in real time. If significant segregation occurs, the rotation speed of the fan-shaped feeding machine and the height of the feeding port from the ore pile are adjusted until the particle size distribution meets the preset particle size distribution law.

[0007] Preferably, in step S1, the parameter adjustment range of the high-pressure roller mill is: projected pressure 3.0~4.2 N / mm. 2 The drum rotation speed is 15~20 r / min, and the drum working distance is 70~80 cm; the preset particle size distribution law is: +8mm <1%, -8~+6.3mm is 5%~8%, -6.3~+4.75mm is 8%~10%, -4.75~+1.18mm is 39%~44%, and -1.18mm is 40%~45%.

[0008] Preferably, in step S1, the first ore particle image analysis and control system acquires an image of the ore particle size distribution on the belt conveyor using a high-speed camera. If the proportion of coarse particles with a particle size of +4.75mm increases, the system automatically increases the projection pressure of the high-pressure roller mill, decreases the roller speed and working distance; if the proportion of fine particles with a particle size of -1.18mm increases, the system automatically decreases the projection pressure, increases the roller speed and working distance.

[0009] Preferably, in step S2, the binder is polyacrylamide or a polyacrylamide-basalt fiber compound binder, with a dosage of 50~125g / t; the concentrated sulfuric acid dosage is 10~35kg / t; the rotary drum granulator speed is 25~35r / min; and the preset particle size distribution is as follows: +8mm < 1.5%, -8~+6.3mm is 10%~15%, -6.3~+4.75mm is 18%~22%, -4.75~+1.18mm is 42%~46%, and -1.18mm is 20%~25%.

[0010] Preferably, in step S2, the second ore particle image analysis and control system acquires an image of the ore particle size distribution on the conveyor belt using a high-speed camera. If the proportion of coarse particles with a particle size of +4.75mm increases, the system automatically increases the rotation speed of the drum granulator and reduces the amount of binder and concentrated sulfuric acid. If the proportion of fine particles with a particle size of -1.18mm increases, the system automatically reduces the rotation speed of the drum granulator and increases the amount of binder and concentrated sulfuric acid.

[0011] Preferably, in step S3, the conveying system consists of 7 mobile belt conveyors, 1 transfer mobile belt conveyor, 1 bridge-type mobile belt conveyor, and 9 ore particle image analysis and control systems; the length of a single mobile belt conveyor is 24m; the transmission speed of the mobile belt conveyors, transfer mobile belt conveyors, and bridge-type mobile belt conveyors is 0.7~0.9m / s, and the transmission capacity is 110~130t / h; the preset particle size distribution law is the preset particle size distribution law in step S2.

[0012] Preferably, in step S4, the fan-shaped material feeder head is provided with a 6m long telescopic section, and the total length is 30m when fully extended; the rotation range is 81 degrees each time, and the time to complete one rotation is 50~70 seconds; the height of the material feeder opening from the ore pile is maintained at 30~70cm; the preset particle size distribution law is the preset particle size distribution law in step S2.

[0013] Preferably, in step S4, during the stacking process, material is continuously laid until a 2-3m thick arc-shaped stockpile is formed while the receiving point remains unchanged. Then, the receiving point of the unloading vehicle is moved back 5m and material is laid again. This process is repeated until the stockpile is filled. The bottom dimension of a single stockpile is 60-63m, the top dimension is 30-40m, and the height is 8.5-9.5m. The total scale of the six stockpiles is 180,000-200,000 tons of uranium ore.

[0014] Preferably, the mobile conveyor belt, transfer mobile conveyor belt, bridge mobile conveyor belt and fan-shaped fabric placing machine are connected to the power supply via aviation plugs, the control and signal acquisition are performed via control plugs, and the signal cable is connected to the control room via a power reel.

[0015] Therefore, the present invention employs the above-mentioned efficient and intelligent construction method for a 10,000-ton-level uranium ore surface heap leaching heap, which has the following technical advantages: (1) Improve the uniformity of the stockpile: This application uses high-pressure roller mill, drum granulation, belt conveyor and fan-shaped material distribution to analyze and control the ore particle images throughout the entire process to ensure that the ore particle size distribution always meets the preset standard, effectively suppressing coarse particle segregation and fine particle accumulation, and significantly improving the uniformity of the ore stockpile particle distribution.

[0016] (2) Enhanced permeability: In this application, the high-pressure roller mill precisely controls the crushed particle size, reducing the blockage of pores by excessively fine particles; the drum granulation uses a binder and concentrated sulfuric acid to agglomerate fine particles, increasing the porosity of the pile to 33.8%~36.9%, providing a smooth channel for the permeation of leachate.

[0017] (3) Improved leaching efficiency: The uniform particle size distribution and good permeability of this application increase the uranium leaching rate from about 65% in the traditional method to >80%, which significantly improves the resource recovery efficiency.

[0018] (4) Reduce environmental risks: The rotary drum granulation of this application reduces the flying of fine particles and combines intelligent control to suppress dust diffusion, which meets the environmental protection requirements of the arid and windy environment of Hushan uranium mine.

[0019] (5) Adaptable to large-scale heaping: This application achieves heaping height of 8.5~9.5m through the coordinated use of fan-shaped fabric and belt conveyor, breaking through the traditional truck heaping height limit, with a single heap size of 30,000t and a total size of 180,000~200,000t for 6 heaps, meeting the heaping leaching needs of 10,000 tons, and avoiding the problems of truck compaction and geotextile damage.

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a process flow diagram of an efficient and intelligent stacking method for a 10,000-ton-level uranium ore surface heap leaching heap according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure Labels 1. High-pressure roller mill; 2. Rotary drum granulator; 3. Mobile belt conveyor; 4. Transfer mobile belt conveyor; 5. Bridge-type mobile belt conveyor; 6. Fan-shaped fabric feeder; 7. First ore particle image analysis and control system; 8. Second ore particle image analysis and control system; 9. Third ore particle image analysis and control system; 10. Ore particle image analysis and control system. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, a smart heap construction method for surface heap leaching of low-grade uranium ore with a capacity of tens of thousands of tons, taking the heap leaching of low-grade uranium ore from the Husab uranium mine in Namibia as an example, includes the following steps: S1. Intelligent control of crushing and particle size distribution of uranium ore in a high-pressure roller mill. The uranium ore, crushed to -50mm, is fed into high-pressure roller mill 1. The parameters of high-pressure roller mill 1 are adjusted as follows: projected pressure 4.0 N / mm. 2 The drum rotation speed is 18 r / min, and the drum working distance is 75 cm. The crushed ore enters the first ore particle image analysis and control system 7 via a belt conveyor. The high-speed camera of this system acquires and analyzes the ore particle size distribution image in real time.

[0026] If analysis reveals an increase in the proportion of coarse particles (+4.75mm), the system automatically increases the projected pressure of the high-pressure roller mill 1, decreases the roller speed, and reduces the working distance. Conversely, if the proportion of fine particles (-1.18mm) increases, the system automatically decreases the projected pressure, increases the roller speed, and reduces the working distance. Ultimately, the output ore particle size distribution conforms to the following: +8mm < 1%, -8~+6.3mm 5%~8%, -6.3~+4.75mm 8%~10%, -4.75~+1.18mm 39%~44%, and -1.18mm 40%~45%.

[0027] S2. Intelligent control of acid mixing granulation and particle size distribution of crushed ore rotary drum granulator. The ore crushed in step S1 is fed into the rotary drum granulator 2 via a belt conveyor. A submersible pump is used to pump the binder polyacrylamide from the binder preparation tank into the rotary drum granulator 2. The amount of binder polyacrylamide is 100g / t. At the same time, concentrated sulfuric acid is added at a amount of 20kg / t. The rotation speed of the rotary drum granulator 2 is adjusted to 30r / min to agglomerate the fine particles into coarse particles.

[0028] After granulation, the ore enters the second ore particle image analysis and control system 8 via a belt conveyor. A high-speed camera monitors the particle size distribution in real time. If the proportion of coarse particles (+4.75mm) increases, the system automatically increases the rotation speed of the drum granulator 2 and reduces the amount of binder and concentrated sulfuric acid. If the proportion of fine particles (-1.18mm) increases, the system automatically reduces the rotation speed and increases the amount of binder and concentrated sulfuric acid. Ultimately, the particle size distribution of the granulated ore conforms to the following: +8mm < 1.5%, -8~+6.3mm 10%~15%, -6.3~+4.75mm 18%~22%, -4.75~+1.18mm 42%~46%, and -1.18mm 20%~25%.

[0029] S3. Intelligent control of granulation ore conveyor belt conveyor and uniformity of granulated ore particle distribution. After granulation, the ore enters a conveyor system consisting of seven 24m-long mobile belt conveyors (3), one transfer mobile belt conveyor (4), and one bridge-type mobile belt conveyor (5). Each piece of equipment is equipped with an ore particle image analysis and control system (10). The conveyor speed is controlled at 0.8m / s, and the conveying capacity is 120t / h.

[0030] During the transmission process, each control system analyzes the ore particle size distribution in real time. If significant segregation occurs—deviating from the particle size distribution pattern in step S2—the system optimizes and adjusts the conveyor speed and throughput of the belt conveyor in real time to ensure that the ore particle size distribution on the belt conveyor always conforms to the preset particle size distribution pattern in step S2: +8mm < 1.5%, -8~+6.3mm 10%~15%, -6.3~+4.75mm 18%~22%, -4.75~+1.18mm 42%~46%, and -1.18mm 20%~25%.

[0031] S4. Granulating ore fan-shaped feeding machine with intelligent control of ore particle distribution uniformity in heap leaching and heap leaching. After being conveyed, the ore is piled up by a fan-shaped placing machine 6. The head of the fan-shaped placing machine 6 is equipped with a 6m long telescopic section, and the total length is 30m when fully extended. The rotation range is 81 degrees each time, and the time for each rotation is controlled within 60 seconds. The distance between the placing port and the ore pile is kept at 50cm.

[0032] The material is continuously fed while the receiving point remains unchanged until a 2.5m thick arc-shaped pile is formed. During the feeding process, the third ore particle image analysis and control system 9 monitors the particle size distribution of the ore on the pile in real time. If significant segregation occurs, the rotation speed of the fan-shaped feeder 6 and the height of the feeding nozzle are adjusted to ensure that the particle size distribution conforms to the preset particle size distribution law in step S2.

[0033] After one arc-shaped stockpile is completed, the unloading truck's receiving point moves back 5 meters to continue laying materials, repeating this process until the stockpile is full. The bottom dimensions of a single stockpile are 60-63 meters, the top dimensions are 30-40 meters, and the stockpile height is 8.5-9.5 meters, with a single stockpile capacity of approximately 30,000 tons of ore. Six stockpiles are completed, with a total capacity of 180,000-200,000 tons of uranium ore.

[0034] In this embodiment, the mobile belt conveyor 3, the transfer mobile belt conveyor 4, the bridge-type mobile belt conveyor 5, and the fan-shaped fabric placing machine 6 are connected to the power supply via aviation plugs, and the control and signal acquisition are performed via control plugs. The signal cable is connected to the control room via a power reel.

[0035] Using the method of this embodiment, the porosity between ore particles in heap leaching is increased to 38%, the uranium leaching rate reaches 80%, dust generation during heap leaching is significantly reduced, segregation during ore transport and heap leaching is effectively suppressed, and efficient and intelligent heap leaching of low-grade uranium ore is achieved.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highly efficient and intelligent method for constructing a surface heap for uranium ore leaching with a capacity of 10,000 tons, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Intelligent control of uranium ore crushing and crushed ore particle size distribution in high-pressure roller mill: Uranium ore crushed to -40~-50mm is fed to the high-pressure roller mill, and the parameters of the high-pressure roller mill are adjusted to make the particle size distribution of the discharged ore conform to the preset particle size distribution law; the particle size distribution is monitored in real time through the first ore particle image analysis and control system. If the proportion of coarse or fine particles is abnormal, the parameters of the high-pressure roller mill are automatically adjusted until the particle size distribution conforms to the preset particle size distribution law. S2. Intelligent control of crushed ore rotary drum granulator with acid mixing and granulation and particle size distribution of granulated ore: The ore crushed in step S1 is fed into the rotary drum granulator, and a binder and concentrated sulfuric acid are added. The rotation speed of the rotary drum granulator is adjusted so that the particle size distribution of the discharged ore conforms to the preset particle size distribution law. The particle size distribution is monitored in real time through the second ore particle image analysis and control system. If the proportion of coarse or fine particles is abnormal, the rotation speed of the rotary drum granulator, the amount of binder and the amount of concentrated sulfuric acid are automatically adjusted until the particle size distribution conforms to the preset particle size distribution law. S3. Intelligent control of granulated ore conveying and particle size distribution uniformity of granulated ore: A conveying system consisting of a mobile belt conveyor, a transfer mobile belt conveyor, and a bridge-type mobile belt conveyor is used to convey the ore after granulation in step S2. Each belt conveyor is equipped with an ore particle image analysis and control system to monitor the particle size distribution in real time. If significant segregation occurs, the conveying speed and processing capacity of the belt conveyor are optimized and controlled until the particle size distribution conforms to the preset particle size distribution law. S4. Intelligent control of the uniformity of ore particle distribution in the granulation ore fan-shaped feeding machine and heap leaching ore pile: The ore conveyed in step S3 is fed and piled by the fan-shaped feeding machine. The fan-shaped feeding machine is equipped with a third ore particle image analysis and control system to monitor the ore particle size distribution on the pile in real time. If significant segregation occurs, the rotation speed of the fan-shaped feeding machine and the height of the feeding port from the ore pile are adjusted until the particle size distribution conforms to the preset particle size distribution law.

2. The efficient and intelligent construction method for a 10,000-ton-level uranium ore surface heap leaching pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the parameter adjustment range of the high-pressure roller mill is: projected pressure 3.0~4.2 N / mm. 2 The drum rotation speed is 15~20 r / min, and the drum working distance is 70~80 cm; the preset particle size distribution law is: +8mm <1%, -8~+6.3mm is 5%~8%, -6.3~+4.75mm is 8%~10%, -4.75~+1.18mm is 39%~44%, and -1.18mm is 40%~45%.

3. The efficient and intelligent construction method for a 10,000-ton-level uranium ore surface heap leaching pile according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S1, the first ore particle image analysis and control system acquires an image of the ore particle size distribution on the belt conveyor through a high-speed camera. If the proportion of coarse particles with a particle size of +4.75mm increases, the system automatically increases the projection pressure of the high-pressure roller mill, decreases the roller speed and working distance. If the proportion of fine particles with a particle size of -1.18mm increases, the system automatically decreases the projection pressure, increases the roller speed and working distance.

4. The efficient and intelligent construction method for a 10,000-ton-level uranium ore surface heap leaching heap as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the binder is polyacrylamide or a polyacrylamide-basalt fiber compound binder, with a dosage of 50~125g / t; the concentrated sulfuric acid dosage is 10~35kg / t; the rotary drum granulator speed is 25~35r / min; the preset particle size distribution is as follows: +8mm < 1.5%, -8~+6.3mm is 10%~15%, -6.3~+4.75mm is 18%~22%, -4.75~+1.18mm is 42%~46%, and -1.18mm is 20%~25%.

5. The efficient and intelligent construction method for a 10,000-ton-level uranium ore surface heap leaching heap according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S2, the second ore particle image analysis and control system acquires an image of the ore particle size distribution on the belt conveyor using a high-speed camera. If the proportion of coarse particles with a particle size of +4.75mm increases, the system automatically increases the rotation speed of the drum granulator and reduces the amount of binder and concentrated sulfuric acid. If the proportion of fine particles with a particle size of -1.18mm increases, the system automatically reduces the rotation speed of the drum granulator and increases the amount of binder and concentrated sulfuric acid.

6. The efficient and intelligent construction method for a 10,000-ton-level uranium ore surface heap leaching heap according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the conveying system consists of 7 mobile belt conveyors, 1 transfer mobile belt conveyor, 1 bridge-type mobile belt conveyor, and 9 ore particle image analysis and control systems; the length of a single mobile belt conveyor is 24m; the transmission speed of the mobile belt conveyors, transfer mobile belt conveyors, and bridge-type mobile belt conveyors is 0.7~0.9m / s, and the transmission capacity is 110~130t / h; the preset particle size distribution law is the preset particle size distribution law in step S2.

7. The efficient and intelligent construction method for a 10,000-ton-level uranium ore surface heap leaching heap according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the fan-shaped material feeder head is equipped with a 6m long telescopic section, and the total length is 30m when fully extended; the rotation range is 81 degrees each time, and the time to complete one rotation is 50~70 seconds; the height of the material feeder opening from the ore pile is maintained at 30~70cm; the preset particle size distribution law is the preset particle size distribution law in step S2.

8. The efficient and intelligent construction method for a 10,000-ton-level uranium ore surface heap leaching heap according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, during the stacking process, material is continuously laid until a 2-3m thick arc-shaped stockpile is formed while the receiving point remains unchanged. Then, the receiving point of the unloading vehicle is moved back 5m and material is laid again. This process is repeated until the stockpile is full. The bottom dimension of a single stockpile is 60-63m, the top dimension is 30-40m, and the height is 8.5-9.5m. The total scale of the 6 stockpiles is 180,000-200,000 tons of uranium ore.

9. The efficient and intelligent construction method for a 10,000-ton-level uranium ore surface heap leaching heap according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mobile conveyor belt, transfer mobile conveyor belt, bridge mobile conveyor belt and fan-shaped fabric placing machine are connected to the power supply via aviation plugs, and control and signal acquisition are performed via control plugs. The signal cable is connected to the control room via a power reel.

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