Positioning method for dividing key groove of shaft part with high positioning accuracy

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of shaft part machining positioning, in particular to a high-positioning-precision shaft part indexing keyway machining positioning method; a special positioning plate structure is connected to the end of a shaft part body to be machined with different angle keyways through bolts; the positioning plate can set corresponding positioning planes according to the needs of keyway angles in advance; the corresponding positioning planes of the positioning plate are aligned by using an XYZ three-axis moving module of a boring machine main shaft and a micrometer connected with the boring machine main shaft; the angle of the shaft part body is finely adjusted through the reading of the micrometer; the traditional line marking positioning is replaced; and the keyway machining positioning precision is improved.

Description

[0001] This case is a divisional application of the patent application with application number 202411118410.6, application date 2024-08-15, and title "Method for Machining and Positioning Keyway of Shaft Parts". Technical Field

[0002] This invention relates to the field of positioning technology for shaft parts machining, and in particular to a high-precision positioning method for indexing keyways in shaft parts machining. Background Technology

[0003] During the machining of shaft parts, multiple indexing keyways with different angles need to be opened on the side of the shaft parts; including first keyways and second keyways with different angle distributions. These keyways are generally machined on boring machines or gantry CNC machine tools. The existing machining method requires marking the positions where keyways need to be opened on the shaft parts, and then aligning the marked positions to mill the keyways. This machining method has low machining accuracy and is difficult to meet the indexing accuracy requirements of the drawing design. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-precision positioning method for keyway machining of shaft parts, replacing the traditional scribing positioning method and improving the positioning accuracy of keyway machining.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A method for positioning the keyway of shaft parts during machining, based on an indexing positioning device, wherein the indexing positioning device includes:

[0007] frame;

[0008] Support base, two or more support bases are arranged along the X direction to support the body of shaft parts, so that the axial direction of the shaft parts in the supported state is the X direction;

[0009] Indexing plate, the indexing plate is fixed to one end of the shaft part body by screws, the indexing plate includes a first positioning plane for positioning the position of the first keyway, and a second positioning plane for positioning the position of the second keyway, the first positioning plane is perpendicular to the axial direction of the first keyway relative to the shaft part body, and the second positioning plane is perpendicular to the axial direction of the second keyway relative to the shaft part body.

[0010] The boring machine spindle is connected to the machine frame via an XYZ three-axis moving module;

[0011] A dial indicator, wherein the dial indicator is connected to the boring machine spindle via a connecting mechanism;

[0012] A clamping mechanism is connected to the frame and is used to press against the shaft part body for clamping and positioning the shaft part body.

[0013] The positioning and machining method includes the following steps:

[0014] S1: Position the shaft-like part on the support base so that the axial direction of the shaft-like part is X-direction;

[0015] S2: Controls the rotation of shaft-type parts so that the first positioning plane of the indexing plate is approximately perpendicular to the axis of the boring machine spindle;

[0016] S3: The boring machine spindle moves along the X direction until the dial indicator probe is close to the upper or lower end of the first positioning plane;

[0017] S4: Control the boring machine spindle to move along the Z direction or in the opposite direction of the Z direction, use a dial indicator to obtain the reading difference between the upper and lower ends of the first positioning plane, and finely adjust the rotation angle of the boring machine spindle according to the reading difference;

[0018] Repeat step S4 until the difference between the readings obtained by the dial indicator at the upper and lower ends of the first positioning plane is less than the preset threshold, and the positioning is completed.

[0019] S5: Control the clamping mechanism to clamp and position the upper part of the shaft part body;

[0020] S6: Transfer the dial indicator to control the boring machine spindle to move to the machining position of the first keyway on the shaft part body, and control the boring machine spindle to machine the first keyway;

[0021] S7: Control the clamping mechanism to loosen the shaft-type part body;

[0022] S8: Controls the rotation of the shaft-type part body so that the second positioning plane of the indexing plate is close to perpendicular to the axis of the boring machine spindle;

[0023] S9: The boring machine spindle moves along the X direction until the dial indicator probe is close to the upper or lower end of the second positioning plane;

[0024] S10: Control the boring machine spindle to move along the Z direction or in the opposite direction, use a dial indicator to obtain the reading difference between the upper and lower ends of the second positioning plane, and finely adjust the rotation angle of the boring machine spindle according to the reading difference;

[0025] Repeat S10 until the difference between the readings obtained by the dial indicator at the upper and lower ends of the second positioning plane is less than the preset threshold, and the positioning is completed;

[0026] S11: Control the clamping mechanism to clamp and position the upper part of the shaft part body;

[0027] S12: Transfer the dial indicator to control the boring machine spindle to move to the machining position of the second keyway on the shaft part body, and control the boring machine spindle to machine the second keyway.

[0028] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned method for machining and positioning indexing keyways of shaft parts, the support base in the indexing and positioning device structure is a V-shaped support.

[0029] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned method for machining and positioning indexing keyways of shaft parts, the indexing and positioning device structure further includes:

[0030] Angle adjusting bolts: Two angle adjusting bolts are connected to the end of the shaft part body, away from the indexing plate.

[0031] An adjusting rod is mounted between two angle adjusting bolts.

[0032] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned method for machining and positioning indexing keyways of shaft parts, the indexing and positioning device structure further includes:

[0033] The fine-tuning bracket includes a column, and a first positioning plate and a second positioning plate connected to the side of the column. The first positioning plate is threaded with a first positioning bolt, and the second positioning plate is threaded with a second positioning bolt.

[0034] In the aforementioned positioning and machining method

[0035] S2 specifically involves: placing the adjusting rod between two angle adjusting bolts, controlling the rotation of the adjusting rod to drive the shaft parts to rotate, so that the first positioning plane of the indexing plate is close to perpendicular to the axis of the boring machine spindle. At this time, control the adjusting rod to move a small distance in the X direction, so that one end of the adjusting rod moves to the bottom of the first positioning plate, and control the first positioning bolt to rotate until its lower end abuts against the adjusting rod.

[0036] S4 specifically refers to: controlling the boring machine spindle to move along the Z direction or in the opposite direction, using a dial indicator to obtain the reading difference between the upper and lower ends of the first positioning plane, and finely adjusting the rotation of the first positioning bolt according to the reading difference, so that the adjusting rod swings slightly, thereby driving the rotation angle of the boring machine spindle to be finely adjusted.

[0037] S8 specifically involves: placing the adjusting rod between two angle adjusting bolts, controlling the rotation of the adjusting rod to drive the shaft parts to rotate, so that the second positioning plane of the indexing plate is close to perpendicular to the axis of the boring machine spindle. At this time, control the adjusting rod to move a small distance in the X direction, so that one end of the adjusting rod moves to the bottom of the second positioning plate, and control the second positioning bolt to rotate until its lower end abuts against the adjusting rod.

[0038] S10 specifically involves controlling the boring machine spindle to move along the Z-axis or in the opposite direction of the Z-axis, using a dial indicator to obtain the reading difference between the upper and lower ends of the second positioning plane, and finely adjusting the rotation of the second positioning bolt based on the reading difference, causing the adjusting rod to swing slightly, thereby driving the fine adjustment of the boring machine spindle's rotation angle.

[0039] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned method for machining and positioning indexing keyways of shaft parts, the connecting mechanism in the indexing and positioning device structure includes:

[0040] The L-shaped connecting bracket has one end detachably connected to the boring machine spindle, and the dial indicator is detachably connected to the other end of the L-shaped connecting bracket.

[0041] In the positioning machining method, in step S6 or S12, transferring the dial indicator specifically involves: removing the L-shaped connecting bracket from the boring machine spindle;

[0042] The steps preceding S6 include: installing the L-shaped connecting bracket onto the boring machine spindle;

[0043] The step preceding S12 includes: installing the L-shaped connecting bracket onto the boring machine spindle.

[0044] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned method for machining and positioning indexing keyways of shaft parts, the connecting mechanism in the indexing and positioning device structure includes:

[0045] A first connecting rod and a second connecting rod are vertically connected. The first connecting rod is rotatably connected to the boring machine spindle via a bearing seat. The axial direction of the first connecting rod is parallel to the axial direction of the boring machine spindle.

[0046] The dial indicator is connected to the second link;

[0047] It also includes a drive mechanism, which is connected to the first link in a transmission manner and is used to drive the first link to rotate;

[0048] In the positioning and machining method, in step S6 or S12, transferring the dial indicator specifically involves controlling the drive mechanism to rotate the first connecting rod, causing the second connecting rod and the dial indicator to rotate above the first connecting rod.

[0049] The steps preceding S6 include: controlling the drive mechanism to rotate the first link, causing the second link and the dial indicator to rotate below the first link;

[0050] The steps preceding S12 include: controlling the drive mechanism to rotate the first link, causing the second link and the dial indicator to rotate below the first link.

[0051] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned method for machining and positioning the indexing keyway of shaft parts, the indexing and positioning device structure includes a driving mechanism comprising a motor, a first bevel gear, and a second bevel gear. The motor is connected to the boring machine spindle, the first bevel gear is connected to the output shaft of the motor, the second bevel gear is coaxially sleeved on the first connecting rod, and the first bevel gear meshes with the second bevel gear.

[0052] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned method for machining and positioning the indexing keyway of shaft parts, the included angle between the first positioning plate and the second positioning plate is equal to the included angle between the first positioning plane and the second positioning plane.

[0053] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By bolting a specially designed positioning plate structure to the end of the shaft-type part body with keyways of different angles to be machined, the positioning plate can be pre-set with corresponding positioning planes according to the required keyway angles. Using the XYZ three-axis movement module of the boring machine spindle in conjunction with the dial indicator connected to the boring machine spindle, the corresponding positioning plane of the positioning plate is aligned. The angle of the shaft-type part body is finely adjusted by the reading of the dial indicator, which replaces the traditional scribing positioning and improves the positioning accuracy of keyway machining. Attached Figure Description

[0054] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the shaft-type part body according to a specific embodiment of the present invention in the Y direction;

[0055] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA-direction cross-section diagram;

[0056] Figure 3 for Figure 1 BB-direction cross-section diagram;

[0057] Figure 4 This is a Y-axis view of the indexing and positioning device connected to the body of a shaft part in a specific embodiment of the present invention for a method of machining and positioning the indexing keyway of a shaft part.

[0058] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram (Y-direction) of a method for machining and positioning the indexing keyway of a shaft part according to a specific embodiment of the present invention. When the indexing and positioning device is connected to the shaft part body, the adjusting rod is rotated to adjust the angle of the shaft part until the first positioning plane is perpendicular to the boring machine spindle.

[0059] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the adjusting rod in the Y direction during fine-tuning when aligning the first positioning plane, in a method for machining and positioning the indexing keyway of a shaft part according to a specific embodiment of the present invention, when the indexing positioning device is connected to the shaft part body.

[0060] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the indexing and positioning device in the first positioning plane alignment state in a specific embodiment of the indexing and positioning method for machining and positioning indexing keyways of shaft parts according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the indexing and positioning device in the second positioning plane alignment state, which is part of a specific embodiment of the indexing and positioning method for machining and positioning the indexing keyway of a shaft part according to the present invention.

[0062] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating how, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the indexing and positioning device, when connected to the shaft part body, adjusts the angle of the shaft part by rotating the adjusting rod until the second positioning plane is perpendicular to the Y-axis of the boring machine spindle.

[0063] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the Y-direction of the adjusting rod during fine-tuning of the second positioning plane when the indexing positioning device is connected to the body of the shaft part in a method for machining and positioning the indexing keyway of a shaft part according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the X-direction position of the adjusting rod of the indexing and positioning device in the first positioning plane alignment state, which is involved in the indexing and positioning method for machining and positioning the indexing keyway of a shaft part according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the X-direction position of the adjusting rod of the indexing and positioning device in the second positioning plane alignment state, which is involved in the indexing and positioning method for machining and positioning the indexing keyway of a shaft part according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0066] Label Explanation:

[0067] 1. Rack;

[0068] 2. Support base;

[0069] 3. Indexing plate; 31. First positioning plane; 32. Second positioning plane;

[0070] 4. Boring machine spindle;

[0071] 5. Dial indicator;

[0072] 6. Connecting mechanism; 61. L-shaped connecting frame; 62. First connecting rod; 63. Second connecting rod; 64. Motor; 65. First bevel gear; 66. Second bevel gear;

[0073] 7. Clamping mechanism;

[0074] 8. Shaft-type part body; 81. Angle adjustment bolt; 82. First keyway; 83. Second keyway;

[0075] 9. Adjusting rod;

[0076] 10. Fine-tuning bracket; 101. First positioning plate; 102. First positioning bolt; 103. Second positioning plate; 104. Second positioning bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0077] To explain in detail the technical content, objectives, and effects of the present invention, the following description is provided in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0078] Please refer to Figures 1 to 12 The present invention relates to a method for machining and positioning indexing keyways on shaft parts, based on an indexing positioning device, which includes:

[0079] Rack 1;

[0080] Support 2, two or more support 2 are arranged along the X direction to support the shaft part body 8, so that the shaft part in the supported state is axial in the X direction;

[0081] Indexing plate 3 is fixed to one end of shaft part body 8 by screws. Indexing plate 3 includes a first positioning plane 31 for positioning the first keyway 82 and a second positioning plane 32 for positioning the second keyway 83. The first positioning plane 31 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the first keyway 82 relative to the shaft part body 8, and the second positioning plane 32 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the second keyway 83 relative to the shaft part body 8.

[0082] Boring machine spindle 4, which is connected to the machine frame 1 via an XYZ three-axis moving module;

[0083] Dial indicator 5, which is connected to the boring machine spindle 4 via a connecting mechanism 6;

[0084] A clamping mechanism 7 is connected to the frame 1. The clamping mechanism 7 is used to press against the shaft part body 8 and to clamp and position the shaft part body 8.

[0085] The positioning and machining method includes the following steps:

[0086] S1: Position the shaft-like part on the support 2, so that the axial direction of the shaft-like part is X-direction;

[0087] S2: Control the rotation of shaft parts so that the first positioning plane 31 of the indexing plate 3 is close to the axis perpendicular to the spindle 4 of the boring machine;

[0088] S3: The boring machine spindle 4 moves along the X direction until the probe of the dial indicator 5 is close to the upper or lower end of the first positioning plane 31;

[0089] S4: Control the boring machine spindle 4 to move along the Z direction or in the opposite direction of the Z direction, use the dial indicator 5 to obtain the reading difference between the upper and lower ends of the first positioning plane 31, and finely adjust the rotation angle of the boring machine spindle 4 according to the reading difference;

[0090] Repeat S4 until the difference between the readings at the upper and lower ends of the first positioning plane 31 obtained by the dial indicator 5 is less than the preset threshold, and the positioning is completed.

[0091] S5: Control the clamping mechanism 7 to clamp and position the upper part of the shaft part body 8;

[0092] S6: Transfer dial indicator 5, control the boring machine spindle 4 to move to the machining position of the first keyway 82 of the shaft part body 8, and control the boring machine spindle 4 to machine the first keyway 82;

[0093] S7: Control the clamping mechanism 7 to loosen the shaft part body 8;

[0094] S8: Control the rotation of the shaft part body 8 so that the second positioning plane 32 of the indexing plate 3 is close to perpendicular to the axis of the boring machine spindle 4;

[0095] S9: The boring machine spindle 4 moves along the X direction until the probe of the dial indicator 5 is close to the upper or lower end of the second positioning plane 32;

[0096] S10: Control the boring machine spindle 4 to move along the Z direction or move in the opposite direction of the Z direction, use dial indicator 5 to obtain the reading difference between the upper and lower ends of the second positioning plane 32, and finely adjust the rotation angle of the boring machine spindle 4 according to the reading difference;

[0097] Repeat S10 until the difference between the readings at the upper and lower ends of the second positioning plane 32 obtained by the dial indicator 5 is less than the preset threshold, and the positioning is completed.

[0098] S11: Control the clamping mechanism 7 to clamp and position the upper part of the shaft part body 8;

[0099] S12: Transfer dial indicator 5, control the boring machine spindle 4 to move to the machining position of the second keyway 83 of the shaft part body 8, and control the boring machine spindle 4 to machine the second keyway 83.

[0100] In the above embodiments, the clamping mechanism 7 may include a pressure plate disposed above the support base 2. The pressure plate can move vertically under the drive of a moving mechanism (such as a lead screw guide rail assembly or a cylinder) to achieve the purpose of clamping or loosening the shaft part body 8.

[0101] In the above embodiments, a specially designed positioning plate structure is bolted to the end of the shaft part body 8 to be machined with keyways of different angles. The positioning plate can be pre-set with corresponding positioning planes according to the needs of the keyway angle. The XYZ three-axis moving module of the boring machine spindle 4 is used in conjunction with the dial indicator 5 connected to the boring machine spindle 4 to align the corresponding positioning plane of the positioning plate. The angle of the shaft part body 8 is finely adjusted by the reading of the dial indicator 5, which replaces the traditional scribing positioning and improves the positioning accuracy of keyway machining.

[0102] In a preferred embodiment, the indexing and positioning device structure includes a V-shaped support 2.

[0103] Reference Figure 7 The shaft part body 8 is supported by two points of the V-shaped support, and with the upper clamping mechanism 7, the shaft part body 8 can be stably positioned at three points.

[0104] In a preferred embodiment, the indexing and positioning device structure further includes:

[0105] Angle adjusting bolts 81: Two angle adjusting bolts 81 are connected to the end of the shaft part body 8, away from the indexing plate 3.

[0106] Adjusting rod 9, which is mounted between two angle adjusting bolts 81.

[0107] In a preferred embodiment, the indexing and positioning device structure further includes:

[0108] The fine-tuning bracket 10 includes a column, and a first positioning plate 101 and a second positioning plate 103 connected to the side of the column. The first positioning plate 101 is threaded with a first positioning bolt 102, and the second positioning plate 103 is threaded with a second positioning bolt 104.

[0109] In the aforementioned positioning and machining method

[0110] S2 specifically involves: placing the adjusting rod 9 between the two angle adjusting bolts 81, controlling the rotation of the adjusting rod 9 to drive the shaft parts to rotate, so that the first positioning plane 31 of the indexing plate 3 is close to perpendicular to the axis of the boring machine spindle 4, at which point the adjusting rod 9 is controlled to move a small distance in the X direction, so that one end of the adjusting rod 9 moves to below the first positioning plate 101, and the first positioning bolt 102 is controlled to rotate until its lower end abuts against the adjusting rod 9;

[0111] S4 specifically involves controlling the boring machine spindle 4 to move along the Z direction or in the opposite direction, using a dial indicator 5 to obtain the reading difference between the upper and lower ends of the first positioning plane 31, and finely adjusting the rotation of the first positioning bolt 102 based on the reading difference, causing the adjusting rod 9 to swing slightly, thereby driving the fine adjustment of the rotation angle of the boring machine spindle 4.

[0112] S8 specifically involves: placing the adjusting rod 9 between the two angle adjusting bolts 81, controlling the rotation of the adjusting rod 9 to drive the shaft parts to rotate, so that the second positioning plane 32 of the indexing plate 3 is close to perpendicular to the axis of the boring machine spindle 4. At this time, the adjusting rod 9 is moved a small distance in the X direction, so that one end of the adjusting rod 9 moves to the bottom of the second positioning plate 103, and the second positioning bolt 104 is rotated until its lower end abuts against the adjusting rod 9.

[0113] S10 specifically involves controlling the boring machine spindle 4 to move along the Z direction or in the opposite direction, using a dial indicator 5 to obtain the reading difference between the upper and lower ends of the second positioning plane 32, and finely adjusting the rotation of the second positioning bolt 104 based on the reading difference, causing the adjusting rod 9 to swing slightly, thereby driving the fine adjustment of the rotation angle of the boring machine spindle 4.

[0114] In the above implementation methods, refer to Figures 5 to 12 By using the adjusting rod 9, which is positioned between two angle adjusting bolts 81, the lever principle allows for a more effortless rotation of the shaft-like part body 8. (Refer to...) Figure 5 and Figure 9 During the rotation until the corresponding positioning plane is nearly perpendicular to the boring machine spindle 4, the adjusting rod 9 moves a small distance in the opposite direction (towards the shaft-like parts) in the X direction to avoid interference with the first positioning plate 101 and the second positioning plate 103 during rotation. Once the rotation is complete, the adjusting rod 9 moves a small distance in the opposite direction in the X direction, referring to... Figure 6 and Figure 10 This allows the adjusting rod 9 to abut against the corresponding positioning bolt. Subsequently, based on the reading of the dial indicator 5, the rotation angle of the corresponding positioning bolt can be finely adjusted, causing the positioning bolt to drive the adjusting rod 9 and the shaft-like part body 8 to finely adjust their angles.

[0115] As one embodiment, refer to Figure 8 In the indexing and positioning device structure, the connecting mechanism 6 includes:

[0116] L-shaped connecting bracket 61, one end of which is detachably connected to the boring machine spindle 4, and the dial indicator 5 is detachably connected to the other end of the L-shaped connecting bracket 61;

[0117] In the positioning machining method, in step S6 or S12, the transfer of the dial indicator 5 specifically involves: removing the L-shaped connecting frame 61 from the boring machine spindle 4;

[0118] The steps preceding S6 include: installing the L-shaped connecting bracket 61 onto the boring machine spindle 4;

[0119] The step preceding S12 includes: installing the L-shaped connecting bracket 61 onto the boring machine spindle 4.

[0120] As another embodiment, refer to Figure 7In the indexing and positioning device structure, the connecting mechanism 6 includes:

[0121] A first connecting rod 62 and a second connecting rod 63 are vertically connected. The first connecting rod 62 is rotatably connected to the boring machine spindle 4 through a bearing seat. The axial direction of the first connecting rod 62 is parallel to the axial direction of the boring machine spindle 4.

[0122] The dial indicator 5 is connected to the second link 63;

[0123] It also includes a drive mechanism, which is connected to the first link 62 in a transmission manner and is used to drive the first link 62 to rotate;

[0124] In the positioning processing method, in step S6 or S12, transferring the dial indicator 5 specifically involves controlling the drive mechanism to rotate the first connecting rod 62, causing the second connecting rod 63 and the dial indicator 5 to rotate above the first connecting rod 62.

[0125] The steps preceding S6 include: controlling the drive mechanism to rotate the first link 62, causing the second link 63 and the dial indicator 5 to rotate below the first link 62;

[0126] Before S12, the steps include: controlling the drive mechanism to rotate the first link 62, so that the second link 63 and the dial indicator 5 rotate to below the first link 62.

[0127] In the above embodiments, by driving the first connecting rod 62 to rotate, the second connecting rod 63 and the dial indicator 5 are displaced. When the boring machine spindle 4 is machining the corresponding keyway, interference with shaft parts can be avoided without disassembling the dial indicator 5. When it is necessary to use the dial indicator 5 to check the positioning plane, the first connecting rod 62 can be rotated to move it to a position close to the corresponding positioning plane.

[0128] Preferably, in the indexing and positioning device structure, the driving mechanism includes a motor 64, a first bevel gear 65, and a second bevel gear 66. The motor 64 is connected to the boring machine spindle 4, the first bevel gear 65 is connected to the output shaft of the motor 64, and the second bevel gear 66 is coaxially sleeved on the first connecting rod 62. The first bevel gear 65 meshes with the second bevel gear 66.

[0129] In a preferred embodiment, the included angle between the first positioning plate 101 and the second positioning plate 103 is equal to the included angle between the first positioning plane 31 and the second positioning plane 32.

[0130] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent modifications made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision positioning method for machining indexing keyways on shaft parts, characterized in that, The indexing and positioning device includes: a frame; support bases, with two or more support bases arranged along the X-axis to support the shaft-like part body, ensuring that the axial direction of the shaft-like part in the supported state is the X-axis; an indexing plate, fixed to one end of the shaft-like part body by screws, the indexing plate including a first positioning plane for positioning a first keyway and a second positioning plane for positioning a second keyway, the first positioning plane being perpendicular to the axial direction of the first keyway relative to the shaft-like part body, and the second positioning plane being perpendicular to the axial direction of the second keyway relative to the shaft-like part body; a boring machine spindle, connected to the frame via an XYZ three-axis movement module; and a dial indicator, connected to the boring machine spindle via a connecting mechanism. A shaft; a clamping mechanism connected to the frame, used to press against the shaft part body for clamping and positioning; the clamping mechanism includes a pressure plate disposed above the support base, the pressure plate being able to move vertically under the drive of a screw guide rail assembly or a cylinder to achieve the purpose of clamping or loosening the shaft part body; angle adjusting bolts, two angle adjusting bolts connected to the end of the shaft part body avoiding the indexing plate; an adjusting rod, the adjusting rod being mounted between the two angle adjusting bolts; a fine-tuning bracket, the fine-tuning bracket including a column, and a first positioning plate and a second positioning plate connected to the side of the column, the first positioning plate being threadedly connected to a first positioning bolt, and the second positioning plate being threadedly connected to a second positioning bolt; The processing and positioning method includes the following steps: S1: Position the shaft-like part on the support base so that the axial direction of the shaft-like part is X-direction; S2: Place the adjusting rod between the two angle adjusting bolts, control the rotation of the adjusting rod to drive the shaft parts to rotate, so that the first positioning plane of the indexing plate is close to the axis perpendicular to the boring machine spindle. At this time, control the adjusting rod to move a small distance in the X direction, so that one end of the adjusting rod moves to the bottom of the first positioning plate, and control the first positioning bolt to rotate until the lower end abuts against the adjusting rod. S3: The boring machine spindle moves along the X direction until the dial indicator probe is close to the upper or lower end of the first positioning plane; S4: Control the boring machine spindle to move along the Z direction or in the opposite direction. Use a dial indicator to obtain the reading difference between the upper and lower ends of the first positioning plane. Adjust the rotation of the first positioning bolt according to the reading difference, so that the adjusting rod swings slightly, thereby driving the rotation angle of the boring machine spindle to be finely adjusted. Repeat step S4 until the difference between the readings obtained by the dial indicator at the upper and lower ends of the first positioning plane is less than the preset threshold, and the positioning is completed. S5: Control the clamping mechanism to clamp and position the upper part of the shaft part body; S6: Transfer the dial indicator to control the boring machine spindle to move to the machining position of the first keyway on the shaft part body, and control the boring machine spindle to machine the first keyway; S7: Control the clamping mechanism to loosen the shaft-type part body; S8: Place the adjusting rod between the two angle adjusting bolts, control the rotation of the adjusting rod to drive the shaft parts to rotate, so that the second positioning plane of the indexing plate is close to perpendicular to the axis of the boring machine spindle. At this time, control the adjusting rod to move a small distance in the X direction, so that one end of the adjusting rod moves to the bottom of the second positioning plate, and control the second positioning bolt to rotate until the lower end abuts against the adjusting rod. S9: The boring machine spindle moves along the X direction until the dial indicator probe is close to the upper or lower end of the second positioning plane; S10: Control the boring machine spindle to move along the Z direction or in the opposite direction. Use a dial indicator to obtain the reading difference between the upper and lower ends of the second positioning plane. Adjust the rotation of the second positioning bolt according to the reading difference, so that the adjusting rod swings slightly, thereby driving the rotation angle of the boring machine spindle to be finely adjusted. Repeat S10 until the difference between the readings obtained by the dial indicator at the upper and lower ends of the second positioning plane is less than the preset threshold, and the positioning is completed; S11: Control the clamping mechanism to clamp and position the upper part of the shaft part body; S12: Transfer the dial indicator to control the boring machine spindle to move to the machining position of the second keyway on the shaft part body, and control the boring machine spindle to machine the second keyway.

2. The high-precision positioning method for machining indexing keyways of shaft parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the structure of the indexing and positioning device, the support base is a V-shaped support.

3. The high-precision positioning method for machining indexing keyways of shaft parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the indexing and positioning device structure, the connecting mechanism includes: The L-shaped connecting bracket has one end detachably connected to the boring machine spindle, and the dial indicator is detachably connected to the other end of the L-shaped connecting bracket. In the machining positioning method, in step S6 or S12, transferring the dial indicator specifically involves: removing the L-shaped connecting bracket from the boring machine spindle; The steps preceding S6 include: installing the L-shaped connecting bracket onto the boring machine spindle; The step preceding S12 includes: installing the L-shaped connecting bracket onto the boring machine spindle.

4. The high-precision positioning method for machining indexing keyways of shaft parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the indexing and positioning device structure, the connecting mechanism includes: A first connecting rod and a second connecting rod are vertically connected. The first connecting rod is rotatably connected to the boring machine spindle via a bearing seat. The axial direction of the first connecting rod is parallel to the axial direction of the boring machine spindle. The dial indicator is connected to the second link; It also includes a drive mechanism, which is connected to the first link in a transmission manner and is used to drive the first link to rotate; In the processing and positioning method, in step S6 or S12, transferring the dial indicator specifically involves controlling the drive mechanism to rotate the first connecting rod, causing the second connecting rod and the dial indicator to rotate above the first connecting rod. The steps preceding S6 include: controlling the drive mechanism to rotate the first link, causing the second link and the dial indicator to rotate below the first link; The steps preceding S12 include: controlling the drive mechanism to rotate the first link, causing the second link and the dial indicator to rotate below the first link.

5. The high-precision positioning method for machining indexing keyways of shaft parts according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the indexing and positioning device structure, the driving mechanism includes a motor, a first bevel gear, and a second bevel gear. The motor is connected to the boring machine spindle, the first bevel gear is connected to the output shaft of the motor, the second bevel gear is coaxially sleeved on the first connecting rod, and the first bevel gear meshes with the second bevel gear.

6. The high-precision positioning method for machining indexing keyways of shaft parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle between the first positioning plate and the second positioning plate is equal to the angle between the first positioning plane and the second positioning plane.

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