Magnetorheological polishing device and polishing method

Abstract

The application provides a magnetorheological polishing device and a polishing method, and relates to the technical field of magnetorheological polishing, and comprises a polishing tank, magnets, a sliding guide block and a sliding driving mechanism, the polishing tank is used for containing magnetorheological fluid, and the magnetorheological fluid is used for placing a workpiece to be polished; the magnets are oppositely arranged on the two sides of the polishing tank, and the opposite poles of the two magnets are opposite; the sliding guide block is used for fixing the magnets; the output end of the sliding driving mechanism is connected with the sliding guide block, and the sliding guide block is driven to reciprocate linearly on the two sides of the polishing tank; the application can make the material removal rate and the polishing speed of the two sides of the workpiece to be polished be basically the same, so that consistent double-side polishing effect is realized, and problems such as the difference in the material removal rate of the two sides of the workpiece to be polished caused by the different polishing speeds on the surface of the workpiece to be polished in the traditional rotary disc type magnetorheological polishing device are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of magnetorheological polishing technology, and in particular to a magnetorheological polishing apparatus and polishing method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of ultra-precision machining, magnetorheological finishing (MRF) technology overcomes the limitations of machining shape through the magnetorheological effect under the action of a magnetic field, realizes micro-removal of workpiece material surface, reduces subsurface damage, and is widely used in the processing and manufacturing of metal and ceramic materials in high-performance optical components, aerospace and other fields.

[0003] Currently, the most commonly used magnetorheological polishing device is the rotary disc type, such as the invention patent with publication number CN104308671A entitled "A Magnetorheological Polishing Device and Method". In this device, the magnetorheological fluid is placed in a polishing disc with external magnetic poles that rotates continuously. The magnetorheological fluid rotates along with the polishing disc, and the magnetic particles in it drive the magnetorheological fluid to form a rotating magnetic brush under the action of the external rotating magnetic field, so as to perform flexible polishing on components such as aircraft blades placed on the polishing disc.

[0004] However, the aforementioned rotary polishing device has a complex overall structure due to the fixed magnet on the rotary polishing disc. Under the action of an external rotating magnetic field, the magnetorheological fluid is driven to form a rotating magnetic brush. This results in different speeds of the inner and outer magnetic brushes, leading to inconsistent material removal rates on both sides of components such as aircraft blades and differences in polishing effects on both sides. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a magnetorheological polishing device and polishing method to solve the problems existing in the prior art. It can make the material removal rate and polishing speed of the two sides of the workpiece to be polished basically the same, thereby achieving a consistent double-sided polishing effect and avoiding the problem that the material removal rate of the two sides of the workpiece to be polished is different due to the different polishing speed on the surface of the workpiece in the traditional technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: A magnetorheological polishing apparatus includes a polishing tank, magnets, a sliding guide block, and a sliding drive mechanism. The polishing tank is used to hold a magnetorheological fluid, and the workpiece to be polished is immersed in the magnetorheological fluid. The magnets are distributed oppositely on both sides of the polishing tank, and the magnetic poles of the two magnets facing each other are opposite. The sliding guide block is used to fix the magnets. The output end of the sliding drive mechanism is connected to the sliding guide block and is used to drive the sliding guide block to reciprocate linearly along the extension direction of the polishing tank on both sides of the polishing tank.

[0007] In one embodiment, the sliding drive mechanism includes a first fixed bracket and a slide rod, a connecting rod, a crank, and a rotary power mechanism, all mounted on the first fixed bracket. The slide rod is slidably mounted on the first fixed bracket. One end of the slide rod is connected to the sliding guide block, and the other end is hinged to one end of the connecting rod. The other end of the connecting rod is hinged to one end of the crank, and the other end of the crank is connected to the rotary output shaft of the rotary power mechanism. This mechanism drives the sliding guide block to reciprocate linearly along the extension direction of the polishing groove on both sides of the polishing groove.

[0008] In one embodiment, the first fixed bracket includes a fixed block, on which a guide hole is horizontally provided, and the slide rod is slidably disposed in the guide hole.

[0009] As one implementation, the rotary power mechanism is a servo motor, a stepper motor, or a DC motor.

[0010] As one embodiment, it also includes a bed base, which includes a second fixed bracket, an adjusting pad, and a bottom plate. The adjusting pad is disposed on the bottom plate, and the second fixed bracket is disposed on the top of the adjusting pad. The polishing groove is provided on the second fixed bracket.

[0011] As one embodiment, it also includes a magnet sliding guide mechanism, which includes a guide rail, a sliding guide block, and a magnet fixing plate. The guide rail is fixed on the adjusting pad, the sliding guide block is slidably disposed on the guide rail, the magnet fixing plate is mounted on the sliding guide block, the magnet is fixed on the magnet fixing plate, and the magnet fixing plate is connected to the slide rod through a floating joint.

[0012] As one embodiment, the magnet is a magnetic block, or the magnet is a magnetic assembly composed of multiple magnetic blocks.

[0013] As one embodiment, it also includes a workpiece clamping mechanism, which includes a column, a clamping positioning component slidably disposed on the column, a crossbar fixed on the clamping positioning component, a first connecting plate disposed on the crossbar, two opposing second connecting plates disposed at both ends of the first connecting plate, and a horizontally disposed screw threadedly connected to the second connecting plate, with the ends of the two screws facing each other, and a clamping plate disposed on the ends of the opposing screws, the clamping plate being used to clamp and fix the workpiece to be polished.

[0014] In one embodiment, the clamp positioning assembly includes a mounting block. The mounting block is provided with a first mounting hole, a second mounting hole, and a first clamping jaw and a second clamping jaw that communicate with the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole, respectively. The openings of the first clamping jaw and the second clamping jaw are both arranged along the length direction of the mounting block. The first clamping jaw and the second clamping jaw are coplanar with the central axis of the first mounting hole and the central axis of the second mounting hole, respectively. The mounting block is also provided with a first bolt and a second bolt that perpendicularly penetrate the first clamping jaw and the second clamping jaw, respectively. The crossbar passes through the first mounting hole, and the column passes through the second mounting hole.

[0015] The present invention also provides a magnetorheological polishing method, based on the above-described magnetorheological polishing apparatus, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Immerse the workpiece to be polished in the magnetorheological fluid in the polishing tank, and use the workpiece clamping mechanism to fix the workpiece to be polished; Step 2: Adjust the number of magnetic blocks used and the distribution position of the magnets according to the processing requirements, and fix the magnets on the magnet fixing plate; Step 3: Turn on the power and control the polishing time and speed of the magnetorheological polishing device for the workpiece by setting the polishing parameters; Step 4: By setting the polishing process program, the sliding drive mechanism drives the magnet to reciprocate linearly along the extension direction of the polishing tank on both sides. The magnetorheological fluid forms a magnetic brush under the action of the magnet and reciprocates linearly to polish the workpiece to be polished. Step 5: After processing is complete, turn off the power and remove the polished workpiece from the workpiece clamping mechanism.

[0016] The present invention has the following technical advantages over the prior art: In this invention, the sliding guide block, during its reciprocating linear motion, drives the magnets on both sides of the polishing tank to move synchronously. The magnetorheological fluid in the polishing tank undergoes a magnetorheological effect under the influence of the magnet's magnetic field and moves along with the magnetic field generated by the reciprocating linear motion of the magnet, forming a reciprocating linear motion magnetic brush. Each contact between the linearly moving magnetic brush and the workpiece completes one polishing cycle. Since the speed of the reciprocating linear motion magnetic brush is the same on both sides of the workpiece, in the case of double-sided polishing, the material removal rate and polishing speed on both sides of the workpiece are essentially the same, thus achieving a consistent double-sided polishing effect. This avoids the problem in traditional rotary disc magnetorheological polishing devices where different polishing speeds on the surface of the workpiece lead to differences in the material removal rate on both sides. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a magnetorheological polishing device in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bed base in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a magnet sliding guide mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the polishing principle in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the workpiece clamping mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Polishing tank; 2. Magnet; 3. Sliding guide block; 4. First fixed bracket; 5. Slide rod; 6. Connecting rod; 7. Crank; 8. Rotary power mechanism; 9. Fixed block; 10. Magnet fixing plate; 11. Guide rail; 12. Second fixed bracket; 13. Column; 14. Clamp; 15. Crossbar; 16. First connecting plate; 17. Second connecting plate; 18. Screw; 19. Clamping plate; 20. Mounting block; 21. Magnetic brush; 22. Workpiece to be polished; 23. Bottom plate; 24. Floating joint; 25. Adjusting pad. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] The purpose of this invention is to provide a magnetorheological polishing device and polishing method to solve the problems existing in the prior art. It can make the material removal rate and polishing speed of the two sides of the workpiece to be polished basically the same, thereby achieving a consistent double-sided polishing effect and avoiding the problem that the material removal rate of the two sides of the workpiece to be polished is different due to the different polishing speed on the surface of the workpiece in the traditional technology.

[0022] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] Example 1: like Figures 1-5 As shown, this embodiment provides a magnetorheological polishing device, including a polishing tank 1, magnets 2, sliding guide blocks 3, and a sliding drive mechanism. The polishing tank 1 is an open rectangular tank used to hold magnetorheological fluid. The magnetorheological fluid is used to immerse the workpiece 22 to be polished. The workpiece 22 can be an aircraft blade or other workpiece. The workpiece 22 may not be completely immersed in the magnetorheological fluid, but the part to be polished must be immersed in the magnetorheological fluid. The magnets 2 are distributed oppositely on both sides of the polishing tank 1, with opposite magnetic poles, i.e., the two sides of the polishing tank 1 are the N pole and the S pole, respectively. The magnets 2 are fixed on the magnet fixing plate 10. The output end of the sliding drive mechanism is connected to the sliding guide block 3, which is used to drive the sliding guide block 3 along the extension direction of the polishing tank 1 on both sides (i.e., Figure 1 The sliding guide block 3 reciprocates linearly. During this reciprocating linear motion, it drives the magnets 2 on both sides of the polishing tank 1 to move synchronously. The magnetorheological fluid in the polishing tank 1 undergoes a magnetorheological effect under the influence of the magnetic field of the magnets 2, and moves along with the magnetic field generated by the reciprocating linear motion of the magnets 2, forming a reciprocating linear motion magnetic brush 21. Figure 4 As shown, the linearly moving magnetic brush 21 completes one polishing cycle with each contact with the workpiece 22. Since the reciprocating linearly moving magnetic brush 21 moves at the same speed on both sides of the workpiece 22, the material removal rate and polishing speed on both sides of the workpiece 22 are basically the same in the case of double-sided polishing, thus achieving a consistent double-sided polishing effect. This avoids the problem of different material removal rates on the two sides of the workpiece 22 due to different polishing speeds on the surface of the workpiece 22 in traditional technologies.

[0024] like Figure 1As shown, in this embodiment, the sliding drive mechanism includes a first fixed bracket 4 and a slide rod 5, a connecting rod 6, a crank 7, and a rotary power mechanism 8, all mounted on the first fixed bracket 4. The slide rod 5 is slidably mounted on the first fixed bracket 4. One end of the slide rod 5 is connected to the sliding guide block 3, and the other end is hinged to one end of the connecting rod 6. The other end of the connecting rod 6 is hinged to one end of the crank 7, and the other end of the crank 7 is connected to the rotary output shaft of the rotary power mechanism 8. The connecting rod 6, the crank 7, and the slide rod 5 can form a crank-slider mechanism. When the rotary power mechanism 8 drives the crank 7 to rotate, it can drive the slide rod 5 to perform reciprocating linear motion through the connecting rod 6, thereby driving the sliding guide block 3 and the magnet 2 to perform reciprocating linear motion along the extension direction of the polishing groove 1 on both sides of the polishing groove 1. In order to guide the linear motion of the slide rod 5, in this embodiment, the first fixed bracket 4 includes a fixed block 9, on which a guide hole is horizontally provided. The slide rod 5 is slidably mounted in the guide hole.

[0025] In this embodiment, the rotary power mechanism 8 is one of a servo motor, a stepper motor, or a DC motor.

[0026] This embodiment also includes a bed base, which includes a second fixed bracket 12, an adjusting pad 25, and a bottom plate 23. The adjusting pad 25 is disposed on the bottom plate 23, and the second fixed bracket 12 is disposed on the top of the adjusting pad 25. A polishing groove 1 is provided on the second fixed bracket 12.

[0027] This embodiment also includes a magnet sliding guide mechanism, which includes a guide rail 11, a sliding guide block 3, and a magnet fixing plate 10. The guide rail 11 is fixed on the adjusting pad 25, and the sliding guide block 3 is slidably disposed on the guide rail 11. The magnet fixing plate 10 is installed on the sliding guide block 3, and the magnet 2 is fixed on the magnet fixing plate 10. The fixing method can be magnetic attraction. The magnet fixing plate 10 is connected to the slide rod 5 through a floating joint 24 to prevent the sliding guide block 3 from getting stuck during the movement of the guide rail 11.

[0028] In this embodiment, the magnet 2 can be a single magnetic block or a magnetic group composed of multiple magnetic blocks. When using a magnetic group, the magnetic field strength can be increased. The magnetic field strength can be adjusted according to the actual needs of the number of magnetic blocks.

[0029] like Figure 5As shown, this embodiment also includes a workpiece clamping mechanism, which includes a column 13. A clamping positioning assembly is slidably mounted on the column 13, and a crossbar 15 is fixed on the clamping positioning assembly. A clamp 14 for clamping the workpiece 22 to be polished is provided at the end of the crossbar 15. The clamp 14 includes a first connecting plate 16 fixedly connected to the crossbar 15. Two opposing second connecting plates 17 are provided at both ends of the first connecting plate 16. Horizontally arranged screws 18 are threadedly connected to the second connecting plates 17. The ends of the two screws 18 face each other, and a clamping plate 19 is rotatably mounted on the ends of the opposing screws 18. The clamping plate 19 is used to fix the workpiece 22 to be polished. The distance between the two clamping plates 19 can be adjusted by rotating the two screws 18 to match workpieces 22 of different sizes. When the two screws 18 rotate, they only drive the clamping plate 19 to move, not to rotate, thereby avoiding friction between the clamping plate 19 and the workpiece 22 to be polished, which would damage the surface structure of the workpiece 22.

[0030] In this embodiment, the fixture positioning assembly includes a mounting block 20. The mounting block 20 is provided with a first mounting hole, a second mounting hole, and a first clamping jaw and a second clamping jaw that communicate with the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole, respectively. The first mounting hole is positioned along the y-direction, and the second mounting hole is positioned along the z-direction. The opening directions of the first clamping jaw and the second clamping jaw are both along the x-direction, but their opening directions are opposite. The first clamping jaw and the second clamping jaw are coplanar with the central axis of the first mounting hole and the central axis of the second mounting hole, respectively. The mounting block 20 is also provided with a first bolt and a second bolt that pass perpendicularly through the first clamping jaw and the second clamping jaw, respectively. A crossbar 15 passes through the first mounting hole, and a column 13 passes through the second mounting hole. Nuts are provided at the ends of the first bolt and the second bolt. When the nuts are not tightened, the width (opening size) of the first clamping jaw and the second clamping jaw is larger, which makes the diameter of the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole larger. The crossbar 15 and the column 13 can move or rotate in the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole to change the position of the workpiece 22 to be polished. After the workpiece 22 to be polished is positioned, tighten the nuts at the ends of the first and second bolts to reduce the width of the first and second clamps of the mounting block 20, thus clamping the crossbeam and column 13. To facilitate tightening the first and second bolts, handles are fixed to the tightening ends of both bolts.

[0031] Example 2: This embodiment provides a magnetorheological polishing method based on the magnetorheological polishing apparatus in Embodiment 1, including the following steps: Step 1: Immerse the workpiece 22 to be polished into the magnetorheological fluid in the polishing tank 1, and use the workpiece clamping mechanism to fix the workpiece 22 to be polished; Step 2: Adjust the number of magnetic blocks used in magnet 2 and the distribution position of magnet 2 according to the processing requirements, and fix magnet 2 on magnet fixing plate 10; Step 3: Turn on the power and control the polishing time and speed of the magnetorheological polishing device for the workpiece 22 by setting the polishing parameters; Step 4: By setting the polishing process program, the sliding drive mechanism drives the magnet 2 to reciprocate linearly along the extension direction of the polishing tank 1 on both sides of the polishing tank 1. The magnetorheological fluid forms a magnetic brush 21 under the action of the magnet 2 and performs reciprocating linear motion to polish the workpiece 22 to be polished. Step 5: After processing is complete, turn off the power and remove the polished workpiece from the workpiece clamping mechanism.

[0032] Any adaptive changes made according to actual needs are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0033] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A magnetorheological polishing apparatus, characterized in that, The device includes a polishing tank, magnets, sliding guide blocks, and a sliding drive mechanism. The polishing tank is fixedly installed and is used to hold magnetorheological fluid, into which the workpiece to be polished is immersed. The magnets are distributed oppositely on both sides of the polishing tank, with opposite magnetic poles. The sliding guide blocks are used to fix the magnets. The output end of the sliding drive mechanism is connected to the sliding guide blocks and is used to drive the sliding guide blocks to reciprocate linearly along the extension direction of the polishing tank on both sides. It also includes a workpiece clamping mechanism, which includes a column, a clamping positioning component slidably mounted on the column, a crossbar fixed on the clamping positioning component, a first connecting plate mounted on the crossbar, two opposing second connecting plates mounted at both ends of the first connecting plate, and a horizontally mounted screw threaded to the second connecting plate. The ends of the two screws face each other, and a clamping plate is mounted on the ends of the opposing screws. The clamping plate is used to clamp and fix the workpiece to be polished.

2. The magnetorheological polishing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding drive mechanism includes a first fixed bracket and a slide rod, a connecting rod, a crank, and a rotary power mechanism, all mounted on the first fixed bracket. The slide rod is slidably mounted on the first fixed bracket. One end of the slide rod is connected to the sliding guide block, and the other end is hinged to one end of the connecting rod. The other end of the connecting rod is hinged to one end of the crank. The other end of the crank is connected to the rotary output shaft of the rotary power mechanism, which drives the sliding guide block to reciprocate linearly along the extension direction of the polishing groove on both sides of the polishing groove.

3. The magnetorheological polishing apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first fixed bracket includes a fixed block, on which a guide hole is horizontally provided, and the slide rod is slidably disposed in the guide hole.

4. The magnetorheological polishing apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rotary power mechanism is a servo motor, a stepper motor, or a DC motor.

5. The magnetorheological polishing apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a bed base, which includes a second fixed bracket, an adjusting pad, and a bottom plate. The adjusting pad is disposed on the bottom plate, and the second fixed bracket is disposed on the top of the adjusting pad. The second fixed bracket is provided with the polishing groove.

6. The magnetorheological polishing apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a magnet sliding guide mechanism, which includes a guide rail, a sliding guide block, and a magnet fixing plate. The guide rail is fixed on the adjusting pad, the sliding guide block is slidably disposed on the guide rail, the magnet fixing plate is installed on the sliding guide block, the magnet is fixed on the magnet fixing plate, and the magnet fixing plate is connected to the slide rod through a floating joint.

7. The magnetorheological polishing apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The magnet is a magnetic block, or the magnet is a magnetic assembly composed of multiple magnetic blocks.

8. The magnetorheological polishing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamp positioning assembly includes a mounting block, which has a first mounting hole, a second mounting hole, and a first clamping jaw and a second clamping jaw communicating with the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole, respectively. The openings of the first clamping jaw and the second clamping jaw are both arranged along the length direction of the mounting block, and the first clamping jaw and the second clamping jaw are coplanar with the central axis of the first mounting hole and the central axis of the second mounting hole, respectively. The mounting block is also provided with a first bolt and a second bolt that perpendicularly penetrate the first clamping jaw and the second clamping jaw, respectively. The crossbar passes through the first mounting hole, and the column passes through the second mounting hole.

9. A magnetorheological polishing method, characterized in that, Based on the magnetorheological polishing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the process includes the following steps: Step 1: Immerse the workpiece to be polished in the magnetorheological fluid in the polishing tank, and use the workpiece clamping mechanism to fix the workpiece to be polished; Step 2: Adjust the number of magnetic blocks used and the distribution position of the magnets according to the processing requirements, and fix the magnets on the magnet fixing plate; Step 3: Turn on the power and control the polishing time and speed of the magnetorheological polishing device for the workpiece by setting the polishing parameters; Step 4: By setting the polishing process program, the sliding drive mechanism drives the magnet to reciprocate linearly along the extension direction of the polishing tank on both sides. The magnetorheological fluid forms a magnetic brush under the action of the magnet and reciprocates linearly to polish the workpiece to be polished. Step 5: After processing is complete, turn off the power and remove the polished workpiece from the workpiece clamping mechanism.

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