A multi-angle variable cross-section pipe section outer wall reference line surveying method

Abstract

A kind of multi-angle variable cross-section pipe section outer wall reference line surveying method, support tool is used to support riser pipe section, pipe section is fixed with support tool by chain tensioner, rotate chain tensioner, pull riser pipe section to rotate on support bearing, stop when 90 reference point and 270 reference point are in horizontal state, use total station to survey 90 reference line and 270 reference line by reference point, then survey other two reference lines by total station, operator observes the position that pipe wall needs to draw line in different positions by adjusting eyepiece inclination angle under the condition of locking vertical shaft through ocular lens, adjusts eyepiece definition, guides the person to draw line to draw point in the position that coincides with vertical wire in ocular lens, and the point in different positions is drawn by elastic drawing powder line method, and 0 and 180 position lines in different positions are drawn.The present application solves the method for drawing line of pipe with multi-angle cross-section, the process of using the drawing line is simple, the precision of drawing line is accurate, and the operator does not need to move the instrument many times.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ship design and construction, and specifically relates to a method for surveying and marking the baseline of the outer wall of a multi-angle variable cross-section pipe section. Background Technology

[0002] Multiple sets of closed riser receivers are welded to the side of the offshore vessel. The riser receivers are composed of multiple welded pipe sections. The middle section of the receiver is precision-machined using CNC machine tools. The inner wall surface of the pipe has multiple variable cross-sections. Due to installation positioning requirements, reference points of 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° need to be marked inside the variable cross-section pipe sections using CNC machine tools. These reference points serve as positioning reference lines when assembling and welding the receiver with the segmented structure. During on-site assembly and measurement, the receiver segments are assembled into a single, integrated section before assembly. Longitudinal reference lines (basic lines) of 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° need to be marked on the outer wall of the receiver tube. During segmented assembly, these lines need to be welded to the structure at the corresponding positions on the outer wall of the circular tube. Currently, only the internal reference points of 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° are marked on the machined tube section during the incoming material stage. Due to limitations in construction conditions and the limited measuring equipment, an auxiliary marking device needs to be designed to mark the internal reference lines onto the outer wall of the receiver tube for use during segmented assembly. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the above problems, this invention provides a method for surveying and marking the baseline of the outer wall of a multi-angle variable cross-section pipe section. The technical solution adopted is as follows: A method for marking reference lines on the outer wall of a multi-angle variable cross-section pipe segment is disclosed. The riser receiver consists of multiple pipe segments with varying cross-sections on their inner walls. Reference points of 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° are marked on the inner wall of each segment using a CNC machine tool. After marking, the pipe segment is placed on its side on a support fixture. The support fixture has a base plate with a support plate at each end. The top of the support plates protrudes upwards at both ends and is concave downwards in the middle, with rollers installed at the protrusions. One end of a chain tensioner is fixed to a corner of the bottom of the support plate, and the other end is fixed to the pipe opening of the riser segment using a U-shaped clip. The specific operation is as follows: S1: Rotate the chain tensioner to pull the riser pipe section to rotate on the support bearing. Stop rotating when the 90° and 270° reference points are horizontal. Align the zero point of the measuring tape with the 90° and 270° reference points at the pipe section opening. Let the measuring tape hang down naturally. The surveyor observes the scale value on the measuring tape that coincides with the guide line in the eyepiece through the eyepiece and calculates the height difference between the 90° and 270° reference points and the horizontal plane. Rotate the chain tensioner while measuring to make the height difference between the 90° and 270° reference points and the horizontal plane equal.

[0004] S2: Under the guidance of the surveyors, the marking personnel mark the 90° and 270° baselines on the outer wall of the pipe section and at the locations where marking is required.

[0005] S3: After the 90° and 270° baselines are drawn, in order to reduce the time spent rotating the pipe, the 0° and 180° baselines need to be drawn using a total station in this state. Another person holds a ruler and aligns the zero point of the ruler with the pipe wall at the 90° position at the lower end of the pipe section, extending it horizontally towards the center of the pipe opening. The diameters of the upper and lower end sections of the pipe are measured respectively. After measurement, the actual diameter and radius values ​​of the lower and upper end sections of the pipe section are determined, and the center scale value of the section is determined. The diameter and radius values ​​of the upper end of the pipe section are measured in the same way. The total station operator first uses the eyepiece to observe the scale value of the reference point of the upper end section of the distant circular pipe and the center of the pipe hole, thereby determining the pipe center baseline in the 0° and 180° horizontal projection plane of the pipe. The total station operator then observes the scale value of the near reference point through the eyepiece while the vertical axis is locked. The scale value of the lower end of the circular tube coincides with the vertical alignment line. The vertical axis knob is then turned on, and the instrument is rotated so that the longitudinal alignment line of the eyepiece coincides with the center scale value of the lower end radius. The knob is then locked, and the scale value of the upper end face of the circular tube is observed through the eyepiece. The observed value minus the radius value of the upper end face equals the value A. The position of the total station needs to be adjusted according to the value A until the center scale value of the lower end face of the distant reference point and the center scale value of the upper end face of the near reference point both coincide with the center point of the port.

[0006] S4: The total station operator, through the eyepiece and with the vertical axis locked, adjusts the eyepiece pitch angle to observe the positions that need to be marked on different parts of the pipe wall. The eyepiece clarity is adjusted to guide the person marking the points at the positions that coincide with the vertical crosshair in the eyepiece. The points at different positions are marked with chalk lines to draw the 0° and 180° position lines at different positions.

[0007] Furthermore, in step S1, to ensure that the 90° and 270° baselines of the inner wall of the pipe section are horizontal, a level instrument needs to be installed on the side of the pipe section during the adjustment process. The measured value is aimed at the baseline on the inner diameter by the level instrument to make it completely horizontal. Then, the diameters at the upper and lower ports of the receiver are measured respectively. Based on the data observed by the level instrument, the support position of the pipe section is adjusted so that it is at the center of the diameters of the upper and lower ports. This confirms that the pipe section is in a horizontal state, that is, the 90° baseline, the 270° baseline, the center of the upper port end face, and the center of the lower port end face are all in one horizontal plane.

[0008] Furthermore, in step S3 of the above-mentioned method for surveying and marking the baseline of the outer wall of a multi-angle variable cross-section pipe section, the total station uses an eyepiece to observe that the distant reference point is the diameter of the lower port / 2, and the nearby reference point is the scale mark of the upper port.

[0009] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned method for surveying the baseline of the outer wall of a multi-angle variable cross-section pipe section, the total station needs to be leveled before measurement. First, open the total station tripod, mount the total station on the tripod reference panel, and tighten the locking bolts. Adjust the three manual knobs at the bottom of the instrument to make the instrument's bubble completely centered.

[0010] Rotate the eyepiece to locate the target direction, and adjust the eyepiece clarity adjustment knob to allow the measurer to clearly see the reference point of the target object.

[0011] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned method for surveying the baseline of the outer wall of a multi-angle variable cross-section pipe section, the U-shaped clip is equipped with fastening bolts, and the pipe wall is inserted into the U-shaped clip and fixed by the fastening bolts.

[0012] The bottom of the U-shaped clip has an eye plate, and one end of the rotating chain tensioner is fixed to the eye plate.

[0013] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned method for surveying the baseline of the outer wall of a multi-angle variable cross-section pipe section, the other end of the chain tensioner is equipped with a round hook. The round hook is inserted into a pre-set round hole on the support plate for fixation. A pry bar is inserted into the round hole of the chain tensioner and rotated, causing the pipe section to rotate.

[0014] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned method for surveying the baseline of the outer wall of a multi-angle variable cross-section pipe section, reinforcing elbow plates are fixed between the support plate and the base plate on both sides.

[0015] This invention provides a method for scribing pipes with multi-angle cross-sections on the inner diameter. The scribing process is simple, the scribing accuracy is precise, and the operator does not need to move the instrument multiple times. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the supporting tooling structure; Figure 2 This is a side view of the pipe section placed on the supporting fixture. Figure 3 yes Figure 2 AA view; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the operation using a total station; Among them, 1-pipe section, 2-base plate, 3-support plate, 4-reinforcing elbow plate, 5-roller, 7-U-shaped clip, 8-chain tensioner. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] A method for surveying and marking the baseline of the outer wall of a multi-angle variable cross-section pipe section, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 3, the baseline is accurately drawn onto the outer wall of the large pipe. A level and a total station are used to complete the entire process of accurate line drawing.

[0019] The fixture has a base plate with support plates at both ends. The top of the support plates protrudes upwards at both ends and is recessed downwards in the middle. Rollers are installed at the protrusions. One end of the chain tensioner is fixed to a corner of the bottom of the support plate, and the other end is fixed to the pipe opening of the riser section by a U-shaped clip.

[0020] The distance between the two sets of support plates is slightly less than the length of the straight pipe section of the riser receiver.

[0021] Near the top of the receiver, a circular hole is drilled in the support frame to fix the end cable. The cable pulls the receiver to roll circumferentially on the bearing of the support frame, ensuring that the internal 90° and 270° reference lines are horizontal. During adjustment, a level needs to be set up on the side of the support. The measured value is obtained by aiming the level at the reference line on the inner diameter, making it completely horizontal. Then, the diameter is measured at two points at the upper and lower ends of the receiver. Based on the data observed by the level, the position of the receiver support is adjusted so that it is centered on the diameter of the upper and lower ends. This confirms that the receiver tube is horizontal, i.e., the four points—the 90° and 270° reference lines, the center of the upper end face, and the center of the lower end face—are all within a single horizontal plane.

[0022] like Figure 4 As shown, the specific surveying and planning operations are as follows: S1: After leveling the level, observe a certain mark on the vertically placed ruler and transfer this mark to the support plate of the support fixture. Then, mark the height reference of the riser receiver on the support plate.

[0023] S2: Measure and calculate the distance between the center of the riser and the horizontal reference on site, then adjust the legs and adjustment knob of the level instrument to make the horizontal line in the eyepiece of the level instrument coincide with the height center of the receiver.

[0024] S3: Align the height lines in the eyepiece of the level instrument so that they all lie on the same horizontal plane.

[0025] S4: Use the cable and nozzle clamp to pull the receiver to rotate on the support until the 90° and 270° scale lines on the inner wall of the receiver coincide with the horizontal line in the eyepiece. Under the instruction of the surveyor, the marking personnel draw the 90° and 270° baselines on the tube wall.

[0026] S5: According to the requirements of different locations, the marking personnel mark horizontal baselines on the pipe wall at different locations of the receiver to provide the receiver positioning.

[0027] S6: After drawing the horizontal (90° and 270°) baselines, use a theodolite or total station to draw the 0° and 180° baselines.

[0028] S7: When centering the total station, the surveyor levels the total station and, with the help of the marking personnel, uses the 90° line drawn on the pipe wall as the zero point. A horizontal measuring tape is used to measure the diameters of the upper and lower end faces. The surveyor then moves the total station and uses the eyepiece to observe the centering method, ensuring the total station is accurately centered on the radius points of the upper and lower end faces of the riser, i.e., the center points. S8: During the centering process, five end faces (A, B, C, D, and E) need to be set along the length of the receiver as positioning reference points for testing. First, center the receiver using the maximum diameter of end faces A and E, and then determine the midpoints 1 and 2 as reference points. Use a total station for centering. After centering, first check the B and C sections, observing whether the reference points drawn on the inner wall of the tube coincide with the vertical alignment inside the eyepiece. If the deviation is less than the tolerance, draw lines at other positions.

[0029] S9: Under the guidance of the surveyors, the marking personnel mark lines on the pipe wall and make stamping marks, which are then provided to the assembly personnel of the section section for positioning and construction.

Claims

1. A method for surveying and marking the baseline of the outer wall of a multi-angle variable cross-section pipe section, characterized in that, The riser receiver consists of multiple pipe sections with varying cross-sections at multiple angles on their inner walls. Reference points of 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° were scribed on the inner walls of these sections using a CNC machine tool. After scribed, the pipe sections were placed on their sides on a support fixture. The support fixture has a base plate with a support plate at each end. The top of the support plates protrudes upwards at both ends and is concave downwards in the middle, with rollers installed at the protrusions. One end of a chain tensioner is fixed to a corner of the bottom of the support plate, and the other end is fixed to the pipe opening of the section using a U-shaped clip. The specific operation is as follows: S1: Rotary chain tensioner pulls the riser pipe section to rotate on the support bearing. It stops when the 90° and 270° reference points are horizontal. The zero point of the ruler is aligned with the 90° and 270° reference points at the pipe section opening. The ruler hangs down naturally. The surveyor observes the scale value on the ruler that coincides with the guide line in the eyepiece through the eyepiece and calculates the height difference between the 90° and 270° reference points and the horizontal plane. While measuring, the chain tensioner is rotated to make the height difference between the 90° and 270° reference points and the horizontal plane equal. S2: Under the guidance of the surveyor, the marking personnel mark the 90° and 270° baselines on the outer wall of the pipe section and at the locations where marking is required; S3: After marking the 90° and 270° baselines, to reduce the time spent rotating the pipe, in this state, use a total station to mark the 0° and 180° baselines. Another person holds a ruler, aligning the zero point of the ruler with the pipe wall at the 90° position at the lower end of the pipe section, extending horizontally towards the center of the pipe opening. Measure the diameter of the pipe section at both the upper and lower ends. After measurement, determine the actual diameter and radius values ​​of the pipe section at the lower and upper ends, and determine the center scale value of the section. Measure the diameter and radius of the pipe section at the upper end in the same way. The total station operator, in working condition, first uses the eyepiece to observe the distant reference point of the upper end of the circular pipe section, and the pipe hole... The center scale value is used to determine the center baseline of the pipe in the 0-degree and 180-degree horizontal projection planes. The total station operator then observes the scale value of the near reference point through the eyepiece while the vertical axis is locked. The scale value of the lower end of the circular pipe coincides with the vertical crosshair. The vertical axis knob is opened, and the instrument is rotated so that the longitudinal crosshair of the eyepiece coincides with the center scale of the lower end radius. The knob is locked, and the scale value of the upper end face of the circular pipe is observed through the eyepiece. The observed value - the radius value of the upper end face = value A. The position of the total station needs to be moved and adjusted according to value A until the center scale value of the lower end face of the distant reference point and the center scale value of the upper end face of the near reference point both coincide with the center point of the port. S4: The total station operator, through the eyepiece and with the vertical axis locked, adjusts the eyepiece pitch angle to observe the positions that need to be marked on different parts of the pipe wall. The eyepiece clarity is adjusted to guide the person marking the points at the positions that coincide with the vertical crosshair in the eyepiece. The points at different positions are marked with chalk lines to draw the 0° and 180° position lines at different positions.

2. The method for surveying and marking the baseline of the outer wall of a multi-angle variable cross-section pipe section according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, to ensure that the 90° and 270° baselines on the inner wall of the pipe section are horizontal, a level needs to be set up on the side of the pipe section during the adjustment process. The surveyor aims the level at the baseline on the inner diameter and makes it completely horizontal. Then, the diameters at the upper and lower ports of the receiver are measured respectively. Based on the data observed by the level, the support position of the pipe section is adjusted so that it is at the center of the diameters of the upper and lower ports, thus confirming that the pipe section is horizontal, that is, the 90° baseline, the 270° baseline, the center of the upper port end face, and the center of the lower port end face are all in one horizontal plane.

3. The method for surveying and marking the baseline of the outer wall of a multi-angle variable cross-section pipe section according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the total station uses the eyepiece to observe the distant reference point as the diameter of the lower port / 2, and the nearby reference point as the scale mark on the upper port.

4. The method for surveying and marking the baseline of the outer wall of a multi-angle variable cross-section pipe section according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before measuring with a total station, the level needs to be adjusted. First, open the total station tripod, mount the total station on the tripod reference panel, and tighten the fastening bolts. Adjust the three manual knobs at the bottom of the instrument to make the instrument's bubble completely centered. Rotate the eyepiece to locate the target direction, and adjust the eyepiece clarity adjustment knob to allow the measurer to clearly see the reference point of the target object.

5. The method for surveying and marking the baseline of the outer wall of a multi-angle variable cross-section pipe section according to claim 1, characterized in that, The U-shaped clip has fastening bolts. The pipe wall is inserted into the U-shaped clip and fixed by the fastening bolts. The bottom of the U-shaped clip has an eye plate, and one end of the rotating chain tensioner is fixed to the eye plate.

6. The method for surveying and marking the baseline of the outer wall of a multi-angle variable cross-section pipe section according to claim 1, characterized in that, The other end of the chain tensioner has a round hook, which is inserted into a pre-set round hole on the support plate for fixation. A pry bar is inserted into the round hole of the chain tensioner and rotated, causing the pipe section to rotate.

7. The method for surveying and marking the baseline of the outer wall of a multi-angle variable cross-section pipe section according to claim 1, characterized in that, Reinforcing elbows are fixed between the support plate and the base plate on both sides.

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