An adaptive heat bridge superimposed re-pasting type external wall heat preservation construction method

Abstract

The application discloses a self-adaptive heat bridge breaking superimposed and complex pasting type outer wall heat preservation construction method, and relates to the technical field of building outer wall heat preservation. The method realizes performance improvement of a heat preservation system through gradient heat resistance material matching, dynamic sealing structure, superimposed and complex pasting process and climate-performance double feedback mechanism, and comprises the following steps: dynamic sealing of a joint is carried out by using a temperature-sensitive water-swelling sealant; double-layer gradient heat preservation plates are staggered and superimposed and a phase change energy storage interlayer is additionally arranged; intelligent monitoring type non-metallic anchor bolts are fixed; a heat breaking structure below the ground is extended and treated; and self-adaptive control is realized through dynamic adjustment of the flatness of a base layer, climate-performance double feedback construction, real-time detection of air tightness and intelligent performance monitoring. The application can significantly reduce heat loss, improve air tightness and construction qualification rate, prolong service life, reduce comprehensive cost, and is suitable for passive buildings and super-low energy consumption buildings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building exterior wall insulation technology, and in particular to an exterior wall insulation construction process that is adaptively adjusted based on geographical environment and climate characteristics and has thermal bridge breaking function. It is especially suitable for the exterior cladding insulation system of passive buildings, specifically an adaptive thermal bridge breaking composite bonding exterior wall insulation construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional exterior wall insulation technology has long faced three core problems: significant thermal bridging, insufficient airtightness, and poor climate adaptability, resulting in high building energy consumption and limited durability. Regarding thermal bridging control, conventional insulation systems often employ a single-layer insulation board splicing process. Linear thermal bridges easily form at the board joints due to material shrinkage and construction deviations. Furthermore, the direct penetration of metal anchors further exacerbates localized heat conduction; actual measurements show that heat loss at traditional anchor points can reach 15%-20% of the overall insulation layer. Airtightness defects stem from the limitations of sealing materials. Ordinary silicone sealants are prone to aging and cracking under humidity changes, leading to moisture penetration and causing the insulation layer to detach and delaminate. In northern regions, insufficient airtightness in winter can increase heating energy consumption by 20%-30%. In addition, existing processes are sensitive to climate conditions. Problems such as reduced curing speed of bonding mortar at low temperatures and stress concentration at high temperatures frequently occur, resulting in a construction quality fluctuation rate exceeding 30%.

[0003] While some current technologies improve insulation by increasing the thickness of the insulation layer or using thermal break anchors, systemic defects remain. For example, simply increasing the insulation layer significantly increases costs and occupies building space; although traditional thermal break anchors use plastic sleeves, the metal core material still forms micro-thermal bridges, and the stress matching problem between the anchor and the substrate remains unresolved. More importantly, existing technologies lack dynamic response to the construction environment and cannot adjust process parameters in real time based on parameters such as substrate flatness, temperature, and humidity, resulting in a performance degradation rate of up to 40% / 10 years for the insulation system under complex conditions.

[0004] Chinese invention patent CN110886430A discloses a wall panel comprising a sandwich structure of an inner panel and an outer panel. The inner panel, composite insulation layer, and outer panel are fixed together by thermal break bridging components. The composite insulation layer includes at least one vacuum insulation board. An inorganic insulation slurry bonding layer is filled between the inner vacuum insulation board and the inner panel. Inorganic insulation material bonding layers or polyurethane insulation slurry bonding layers are filled between the layers of vacuum insulation boards and in the joints of the vacuum insulation boards. A rock wool layer is laid on the outside of the outer vacuum insulation board. A graphite polystyrene board is laid on the outside of the rock wool layer. A thin layer of insulation mortar is laid on the outside of the graphite polystyrene board. A basalt fiber mesh is laid on the outside of the insulation mortar layer. The basalt fiber mesh is tightly attached to the inside of the outer panel. The joints of the graphite polystyrene board are sealed with a waterproof and breathable membrane. This thin, high-insulation sandwich wall panel for prefabricated ultra-low-energy buildings has the advantages of significantly reducing thickness, having high insulation performance, reducing structural costs, and saving land and energy.

[0005] The patent "A thin, high-insulation sandwich wall panel for prefabricated ultra-low energy consumption buildings" achieves insulation through the sandwich wall panel structure, but does not involve the dynamic climate response construction mechanism or the design of gradient thermal resistance material matching.

[0006] Chinese invention patent CN119933278A discloses a low-energy building exterior wall insulation system, including a base wall and I-beams. The inner surface of the base wall is sequentially covered with a mortar layer and a polyurethane board. The mortar layer firmly bonds the polyurethane board to the self-insulating block base wall. An air gap is formed inside the I-beams, utilizing the low thermal conductivity of air to reduce heat transfer. The outer side is filled with rigid polyurethane foam, forming a double-layer thickened insulation structure, thus blocking the cold bridge effect caused by the high thermal conductivity of the steel structure. By setting a self-adhesive waterproof vapor barrier at the corner joints of the fiber-reinforced cement board, indoor water vapor is effectively prevented from penetrating into the insulation layer, avoiding problems such as moisture affecting the insulation effect or causing the insulation roll to bulge. The rigid polyurethane foam insulation board is fixed with thermal break anchors, ensuring the insulation board is securely fixed while effectively reducing structural deformation and cracks caused by temperature changes and earthquakes, thus improving the overall stability of the building.

[0007] The patent "A Low-Energy Building Exterior Wall Insulation System" adopts a double-layer thickened insulation structure, but does not integrate a phase change energy storage layer and an intelligent monitoring and feedback system. Chinese utility model patent CN222822559U discloses a thin-plastered exterior wall insulation system using VICP composite insulation boards for ultra-low energy consumption buildings. It relates to the technical field of exterior wall insulation systems, including a waterproof leveling layer, an adhesive layer, double-layer VICP composite insulation boards, a single-layer VICP composite insulation board, and a protective layer. The waterproof leveling layer is fixed to the outer side of the base wall. The double-layer VICP composite insulation board is bonded to the outer side of the waterproof leveling layer via the adhesive layer. Thermal break anchors are installed between adjacent double-layer VICP composite insulation boards on the base wall. The cross-section of the double-layer VICP composite insulation board is a stepped structure. The single-layer double-layer VICP composite insulation board is embedded in the stepped section between adjacent double-layer VICP composite insulation boards and bonded to the outer side of the thermal break anchors via adhesive. The protective layer is fixed to the outer side of both types of VICP composite insulation boards. This invention avoids the thermal bridging effect caused by the anchor bolts by using two types of VICP composite insulation boards in combination with thermal break anchor bolts, thus meeting the requirements of high insulation performance and ultra-low energy consumption.

[0008] The patent "VICP composite insulation board thin plastering external wall insulation system for ultra-low energy consumption buildings" reduces thermal bridges by combining VICP composite insulation board with thermal break anchors, but does not achieve the coordinated deformation design of sealing layer-insulation layer-protective layer; Chinese invention patent CN119616079A discloses a thermal bridging structure and construction process for a sandwich insulated exterior wall panel. The panel includes an insulated sandwich layer in the middle, with outer and inner leaf plates on either side. The insulated sandwich layer is connected to both the outer and inner leaf plates via several supporting connecting components. This thermal bridging structure and construction process uses the outer leaf plates, the insulated sandwich layer, and the inner leaf plates to form a template containing inner and outer cavities. Concrete is poured into these cavities to form outer and inner leaf walls. The connecting components support the outer and inner leaf plates, creating stable cavities while reducing the possibility of increased gaps or misalignment between the insulated sandwich layers due to concrete disturbance. This further reduces the possibility of reduced effective thickness of the insulation board in misaligned areas, leading to linear thermal bridges.

[0009] The patent "A thermal bridge breaking structure and construction process for a sandwich insulated exterior wall panel" reduces thermal bridges by connecting components, but does not involve the optimization of the gradient thermal conductivity of non-metallic anchors or the adaptive algorithm for construction parameters.

[0010] Therefore, developing an external wall insulation technology that combines gradient thermal resistance regulation, dynamic sealing compensation, all-weather adaptive construction, and intelligent performance monitoring has become a critical technological bottleneck that needs to be overcome in the field of passive building energy conservation. Summary of the Invention

[0011] To address the aforementioned technical issues, this invention proposes an adaptive thermal break bridge overlapping and re-attached external wall insulation construction method. Through four technical means—gradient thermal resistance material, dynamic sealing structure, overlapping and re-attached process, and climate-performance dual feedback mechanism—the airtightness, thermal performance, and durability of the insulation system are synergistically improved.

[0012] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: An adaptive thermal break bridge overlapping and re-attached exterior wall insulation construction method, characterized by comprising the following steps: S1. Dynamic sealing treatment of insulation layer joints; S2, Gradient thermal resistance double-layer insulation board thermal break bridge overlapping laying; S3, Intelligent monitoring type non-metallic thermal break bridge anchor bolt fixing; S4. Extended thermal insulation structure below ground level.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, step S1 is specifically as follows: The insulation layer joints are filled with a temperature-sensitive, water-swellable sealant, which maintains an expansion rate of ≥300% within the temperature range of -20℃ to 60℃. It also integrates microcapsule self-healing particles with a particle size of 5-10μm. When the microcapsule self-healing particles come into contact with water, they expand to form an elastic sealing layer, which automatically repairs construction defects with gap deviations of ≤2mm, and blocks water vapor penetration and thermal bridge regeneration. When the ambient humidity is ≥80%RH and the temperature is ≥35℃ during construction, the sealant coating thickness should be increased by 15%-20%, and a two-component layered injection process should be adopted. That is, an elastic sealant is injected at the bottom to form an elastic layer, and an anti-seepage sealant is injected at the top to form an anti-seepage layer. Through the combination of the elastic layer at the bottom and the anti-seepage layer at the top, a self-healing elastic sealant layer is formed. After curing, the tensile strength should be ≥1.5MPa, the elongation at break should be ≥400%, and the bonding strength with the insulation layer and the base material should be ≥0.8MPa.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the core material of the microcapsule self-healing particles is an isocyanate prepolymer.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, step S2 is specifically as follows: The first layer of insulation board uses high-density graphite polystyrene board with a density ≥35kg / m³, and is fixed by point-frame bonding method, with a bonding area ≥40% and a board joint spacing ≥200mm. The second layer of insulation board uses composite polyurethane insulation board with a core material thermal conductivity ≤0.018W / (m・K). It is fixed by strip bonding, with the bonding strip width ≥100mm. The joints of the second layer of insulation board are completely staggered from those of the first layer of insulation board, with a stagger distance ≥200mm, forming a labyrinth-like thermal bridge blocking structure. The thickness of the second layer of insulation board is increased by 5mm-10mm compared to the first layer to compensate for the construction deviation of the staggered joints. A phase change energy storage interlayer is added between the two layers of insulation board.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the phase change temperature of the phase change energy storage interlayer is 20-25℃, and the latent heat is ≥150J / g.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, step S3 is as follows: The insulation layer is fixed using insulation anchors with a thermal conductivity of ≤0.025W / (m・K) and an outer layer of low thermal conductivity modified plastic. The insulation anchors have built-in fiber optic stress sensors to monitor the changes in anchoring stress in real time. The spacing between the insulation anchors is ≤600mm, and the depth into the base layer is ≥50mm. They are combined with flexible modified bonding mortar to form a "flexible fixing + mechanical anchoring" composite structure to ensure the integrity between the insulation layer and the base layer.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: a plastic coating layer is formed on the thermal insulation anchor by a low thermal conductivity modified plastic, the thickness of the plastic coating layer is ≥2mm, and an umbrella-shaped heat insulation pad is provided at the head of the thermal insulation anchor, the diameter of which is ≥2 times the diameter of the anchor and the thermal conductivity is ≤0.03W / (m・K).

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, step S4 is specifically as follows: The insulation layer extends ≥500mm below the ground, with the extended portion using fibers ≥20mm thick and having a permeability rating ≥P8. A nano-modified moisture-proof and vapor-barrier membrane is added to the surface of the insulation layer in contact with the soil, with a moisture permeability ≤0.5g / (m²・24h) and a weather resistance life ≥25 years. An aluminum foil reflective layer is composited on the surface of the nano-modified moisture-proof and vapor-barrier membrane, with a reflectivity ≥0.9.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. Gradient thermal resistance combined with thermal insulation significantly improves thermal performance. By using a gradient matching between the first layer of high-density graphite polystyrene board (density ≥35kg / m³) and the second layer of composite polyurethane board (thermal conductivity ≤0.018W / (m・K)), combined with the dynamic temperature regulation effect of the phase change energy storage interlayer (latent heat ≥150J / g), and with the labyrinthine staggered laying (staggered distance ≥200mm), heat loss is systematically reduced. According to actual measurements, the system's linear thermal bridge coefficient is ≤0.008W / (m・K), which reduces heat loss by more than 60% compared with traditional processes. It is suitable for passive buildings in extremely cold regions and can reduce heating / cooling energy consumption by 25%-35%.

[0021] 2. Dynamic sealing combined with self-healing ensures long-term airtightness. Employing a temperature-sensitive, water-swellable sealant (integrated microcapsule self-healing particles) and a two-component layered injection process, the system forms a dual-sealing structure of "elastic buffer + seepage prevention" after curing. Its self-healing properties can repair construction defects and material shrinkage cracks of ≤2mm. Combined with real-time detection by infrared thermal imager and dynamic verification by the blast door method, the system's airtightness meets the Class 8 standard in GB / T 7106-2019, effectively preventing the insulation layer from delaminating and falling off due to water vapor penetration, and extending its service life to more than 30 years.

[0022] 3. Climate-performance dual feedback control enhances adaptability to complex operating conditions. The process integrates intelligent monitoring and dynamic adjustment mechanisms: at high temperatures, temperature is controlled by a dual system of aluminum foil reflective layer and wood cellulose modified mortar; at low temperatures, chlorine-free antifreeze and far-infrared curing are used to ensure curing; in high-humidity environments, water-repellent agents and atomized moisturizing are added to synergistically prevent moisture; and deviations in the flatness of the base layer are dynamically corrected by fiber-reinforced leveling mortar, increasing the construction qualification rate from 70% in traditional processes to over 98%, significantly reducing rework costs.

[0023] 4. Intelligent anchoring and material optimization, balancing economy and durability. The intelligent monitoring type non-metallic thermal insulation anchor realizes real-time stress monitoring through built-in fiber optic grating sensors; the umbrella-shaped thermal insulation pad reduces local heat loss by 40% compared with the traditional design; the thickness compensation design of the second layer of insulation board reduces material waste by 10%-15%; the overall cost is reduced by 15%-20% compared with the traditional thick insulation layer solution, and the system has a wind pressure resistance performance of level 9 (GB / T 36585-2018), which meets the application requirements of high-rise buildings.

[0024] 5. Intelligent management and control throughout the entire lifecycle to help achieve carbon neutrality goals. Through a smart performance monitoring system, the risk of performance degradation is warned in real time. A single project can reduce CO2 emissions by about 40-60 tons per year (based on a 10,000㎡ building). The gradient material design and nano-modified vapor barrier reduce maintenance frequency by more than 30% and reduce resource consumption. Its technical indicators meet the "superior" requirements of the "Technical Standard for Near-Zero Energy Buildings" (GB / T 51350-2019), providing intelligent technical solutions for the low-carbon transformation of the building industry. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention proposes an adaptive thermal break bridge overlapping and bonding external wall insulation construction method, which includes the following steps: S1. Dynamic sealing treatment of insulation layer joints; S2, Gradient thermal resistance double-layer insulation board thermal break bridge overlapping laying; S3, Intelligent monitoring type non-metallic thermal break bridge anchor bolt fixing; S4. Extended thermal insulation structure below ground level.

[0027] The construction process, parameter settings, quality control, and climate-performance dual feedback construction mechanism of this invention are as follows: 1. Construction process (1) Deployment of grassroots treatment and intelligent monitoring points Remove floating dust, oil stains and loose materials from the base surface, repair holes and cracks, and use a 2m straightedge to check the flatness of the base surface to ensure that the deviation is ≤5mm / 2m; Temperature-humidity integrated sensors (measurement accuracy ±0.5℃, ±3% RH) are installed by drilling holes at predetermined locations on the base layer, with a sensor spacing of 3m×3m, and connected to the monitoring platform via a wireless module; If the substrate is concrete or masonry with high water absorption, a nano-modified interface agent (penetration depth ≥3mm) should be applied 24 hours in advance to enhance the adhesion between the bonding mortar and the substrate.

[0028] (2) Marking grid lines and material pretreatment According to the design layout drawing, horizontal and vertical control lines are marked on the base layer to determine the insulation board laying boundary and anchor bolt fixing position; The spacing between the dividing lines must match the size of the insulation board to ensure that the staggered distance between the board seams is ≥200mm, thereby reducing the risk of thermal bridging. Insulation boards should be brought to the site 24 hours in advance and stored until the temperature is consistent with the construction environment (temperature difference ≤ 5℃) to avoid temperature stress causing cracks in the board joints.

[0029] (3) The first layer of insulation board is bonded to the frame and the phase change layer is laid. Using the dot-frame bonding method, a flexible modified bonding mortar with a width of 50mm and a thickness of 10mm is applied to the back of the high-density graphite polystyrene board around the perimeter, and five circular bonding points with a diameter of 100mm are evenly arranged in the center (bonding area ≥40%). The first layer of insulation boards is laid from bottom to top and from left to right with staggered joints. Gently knead and squeeze until the mortar is squeezed out of the board edge by 1-2mm. Use a 2m straightedge to check the flatness. The deviation should be ≤3mm. After the paving is completed, a phase change energy storage film is fully laid on the surface of the first layer of insulation board to form a phase change energy storage interlayer. The film seams overlap by ≥50mm and are sealed with special tape.

[0030] (4) Filling the joints with dynamic sealant At the joint of the first layer of insulation board, a two-component injection gun is used to inject elastic sealant (depth ≥ 3mm) into the bottom layer to form an elastic layer and then inject anti-seepage sealant (depth ≥ 2mm) into the surface layer to form an anti-seepage layer. The surface is then smoothed and flush with the surface of the first layer of insulation board. When the relative humidity of the construction environment is ≥80%RH, the total thickness of the sealant coating is increased to 8mm to compensate for the difference in expansion rate caused by humidity.

[0031] (5) Adhesion of the second layer of insulation strips Using the strip bonding method, a flexible modified bonding mortar strip with a width of 100mm and a thickness of 8mm is applied to the back of the composite polyurethane insulation board, with the spacing between the mortar strips ≤300mm; When laying the insulation board, ensure that the joints of the second layer of insulation board are completely staggered from those of the first layer (stagger distance ≥ 200mm), and that the thickness of the second layer of insulation board is 5mm-10mm greater than that of the first layer of insulation board to compensate for the construction deviation of the staggered joints.

[0032] (6) Install intelligent monitoring type thermal bridge anchors Use an electric drill to make holes on the surface of the two layers of insulation board (the hole diameter is 2mm larger than the diameter of the insulation anchor), and the hole depth is ≥50mm (reaching deep into the base layer). Intelligent non-metallic thermal insulation anchors are implanted, and the initial stress value is read through a special reading instrument (ensuring ≤500με). An umbrella-shaped heat insulation pad is added to the head of the thermal insulation anchor. A pull-out tester was used to randomly check the pull-out force of a single anchor bolt, ensuring that it was ≥0.8kN and that the base layer was damaged. The stress change curve of the sensor was recorded simultaneously.

[0033] (7) Plastering mortar construction and sensor deployment Apply the finishing mortar in two coats: the first coat is 2-3mm thick and alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh is pressed in (unit area mass ≥160g / m²); the second coat is 1-2mm thick, with a total thickness ≤5mm. After the finishing mortar is applied, surface temperature sensors are installed at preset locations to form a monitoring network with the base layer sensors.

[0034] (8) Treatment of underground extension structures The insulation layer extends ≥500mm below the ground, and the extended part is covered with a 20mm thick fiber-reinforced waterproof mortar protective layer (containing 0.9kg / m³ of polypropylene fiber). A nano-modified moisture-proof and vapor-barrier membrane (moisture permeability ≤0.5g / (m²・24h)) is added inside the protective layer. The surface of the waterproof mortar in contact with the soil should be rounded with a radius of ≥50mm, and an additional layer of alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh (width ≥200mm) should be added to the rounded part to avoid stress concentration that could lead to cracking.

[0035] 2. Key parameter control Environmental conditions: Construction temperature 5-35℃, relative humidity ≤85%; at low temperatures (≤5℃), add chlorine-free antifreeze (3%-5%) to the bonding mortar, and use far-infrared heating equipment to maintain the base layer temperature at 5-10℃, extending the curing time to 72 hours; at high temperatures (≥35℃), add an aluminum foil reflective layer (reflectivity ≥0.85) at the joints of the insulation board, and add wood cellulose (0.2%) to the bonding mortar to slow down the curing speed. Performance of bonding mortar: The tensile bond strength of the flexible modified bonding mortar (with cement mortar) is ≥0.6MPa (28d), the compressive shear bond strength (with insulation board) is ≥0.2MPa (14d), and the elastic modulus is ≤1500MPa; Sealant performance: After curing, the temperature-sensitive sealant has a tensile strength ≥1.5MPa, an elongation at break ≥400%, a low-temperature tensile bond strength retention rate of ≥80% at -20℃, and a bond strength to the insulation board and substrate ≥0.8MPa. Anchor performance: The thickness of the plastic coating layer formed by low thermal conductivity modified plastic on the intelligent non-metallic anchor is ≥2mm, the built-in fiber optic grating sensor has a measurement accuracy of ±2με, the anchor has a corrosion resistance level of C4 (GB / T 18922-2008), and a service life of ≥30 years.

[0036] 3. Quality Control Joint sealing inspection: The joint area is scanned with an infrared thermal imager. A temperature difference ≤ 0.5℃ is considered acceptable. If the temperature difference > 0.5℃, local application of two-component sealant is required and the inspection is repeated to ensure the continuity of the sealing layer. Air tightness test: The overall air tightness was verified in stages using the blower method (GB / T 7106-2019). Tests were conducted once after the base layer treatment, once after the insulation layer was laid, and once after the system was completed, ensuring that the air permeability per unit area n50 ≤ 0.6h under a pressure difference of 50Pa. -1 ; Thermal bridge blocking verification: The linear thermal bridge coefficient was measured by the heat flow meter method (GB / T 13475-2008), with a focus on monitoring the anchor bolt area and plate joint, to ensure ≤0.008W / (m・K); Intelligent monitoring system commissioning: After completion, the temperature-humidity sensor and anchor bolt stress sensor are calibrated to ensure data transmission accuracy ≥99%, and an audible and visual alarm is automatically triggered when the temperature deviation is >2℃ or the humidity is >85% RH. Weather resistance test: After simulating 50 freeze-thaw cycles (-20℃ to +50℃), the system showed no hollowing or detachment, the tensile bond strength retention rate was ≥90%, and the sealant's self-healing performance still met the requirement of an expansion rate of ≥250%.

[0037] 4. Climate-Performance Dual Feedback Construction Mechanism Dynamic humidity compensation: The humidity of the construction environment is monitored in real time by wireless temperature and humidity sensors. When the relative humidity is >80%RH, the sealant coating thickness is automatically increased by 15%-20%, and an organosilicon water-repellent agent (dosage 1%-2%) is added to the plastering mortar. The moisture content of the base layer is monitored at the same time. If it is >10%, forced ventilation drying measures are activated. Intelligent temperature control: In high-temperature environments, in addition to adding an aluminum foil reflective layer, the temperature of the construction area is controlled below 35℃ through a misting cooling device. Ice water is used for mixing the bonding mortar (water temperature ≤15℃) to delay curing. In low-temperature environments, the far-infrared heating curing equipment is linked with the temperature sensor to ensure that the base layer temperature is stable at 5-10℃. Wind speed and stress coordinated control: When the wind speed is >5m / s, the windproof enclosure will automatically start and link with the atomizing and moisturizing device to maintain the humidity of the construction area at 60%-70%; within 24 hours after the anchor bolts are installed, the stress changes will be tracked in real time through the intelligent monitoring system. If the stress suddenly increases by >300με, the adhesion of the base layer will be checked in time and local reinforcement will be carried out.

[0038] This implementation method achieves full life-cycle performance optimization of the insulation system from construction to operation and maintenance through multi-dimensional collaboration of gradient thermal resistance material matching, dynamic sealing self-repair, intelligent monitoring feedback, and climate adaptive adjustment. It is suitable for passive buildings, prefabricated ultra-low energy consumption buildings, and energy-saving renovation of existing buildings in severely cold / cold regions, and has significant advantages in terms of construction quality stability and long-term energy-saving effect under complex climatic conditions.

[0039] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any other way. Any modifications or equivalent changes made based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing adaptive thermally broken composite exterior wall insulation, characterized in that, The steps include the following: S1. Dynamic sealing treatment of insulation layer joints; Step S1 is as follows: The insulation layer joints are filled with a temperature-sensitive, water-swellable sealant, which maintains an expansion rate of ≥300% within the temperature range of -20℃ to 60℃. It also integrates microcapsule self-healing particles with a particle size of 5-10μm. When the microcapsule self-healing particles come into contact with water, they expand to form an elastic sealing layer, which automatically repairs construction defects with gap deviations of ≤2mm, and blocks water vapor penetration and thermal bridge regeneration. When the ambient humidity is ≥80%RH and the temperature is ≥35℃ during construction, the thickness of the sealant coating should be increased by 15%-20%, and a two-component layered injection process should be adopted. That is, an elastic sealant is injected at the bottom layer to form an elastic layer, and an anti-seepage sealant is injected at the top layer to form an anti-seepage layer. Through the combination of the elastic layer at the bottom layer and the anti-seepage layer at the top layer, a self-healing elastic sealant layer is formed. After curing, the tensile strength should be ≥1.5MPa, the elongation at break should be ≥400%, and the bonding strength with the insulation layer and the base material should be ≥0.8MPa. S2, Gradient thermal resistance double-layer insulation board thermal break bridge overlapping laying; S3, Intelligent monitoring type non-metallic thermal break bridge anchor bolt fixing; Step S3 is as follows: The insulation layer is fixed using insulation anchors with a thermal conductivity of ≤0.025W / (m・K) and an outer layer of low thermal conductivity modified plastic. The insulation anchors have built-in fiber optic stress sensors to monitor the changes in anchoring stress in real time. The spacing between the insulation anchors is ≤600mm, and the depth into the base layer is ≥50mm. They are combined with flexible modified bonding mortar to form a "flexible fixing + mechanical anchoring" composite structure to ensure the integrity between the insulation layer and the base layer. S4. Extended thermal insulation structure below ground level.

2. The adaptive thermal break overlay type external wall insulation construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The core material of the microcapsule self-healing particles is an isocyanate prepolymer.

3. The adaptive thermal break overlay type external wall insulation construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2 is as follows: The first layer of insulation board uses high-density graphite polystyrene board with a density ≥35kg / m³, and is fixed by point-frame bonding method, with a bonding area ≥40% and a board joint spacing ≥200mm. The second layer of insulation board uses composite polyurethane insulation board with a core material thermal conductivity ≤0.018W / (m・K). It is fixed by strip bonding, with the bonding strip width ≥100mm. The joints of the second layer of insulation board are completely staggered from those of the first layer of insulation board, with a stagger distance ≥200mm, forming a labyrinth-like thermal bridge blocking structure. The thickness of the second layer of insulation board is increased by 5mm-10mm compared to the first layer to compensate for the construction deviation of the staggered joints. A phase change energy storage interlayer is added between the two layers of insulation board.

4. The adaptive thermal break overlay type external wall insulation construction method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The phase change temperature of the phase change energy storage interlayer is 20-25℃, and the latent heat is ≥150J / g.

5. The adaptive thermal break overlay type external wall insulation construction method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Low thermal conductivity modified plastic forms a plastic coating layer on the thermal insulation anchor, with a plastic coating layer thickness ≥ 2 mm. The head of the thermal insulation anchor is provided with an umbrella-shaped heat insulation pad with a diameter ≥ twice the diameter of the anchor and a thermal conductivity ≤ 0.03 W / (m・K).

6. The adaptive thermal break overlay type external wall insulation construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S4 is as follows: The insulation layer extends ≥500mm below the ground. The extended portion is protected by a fiber-reinforced waterproof mortar layer with a thickness ≥20mm and an impermeability rating ≥P8. A nano-modified moisture-proof and vapor-barrier membrane is added to the surface of the insulation layer in contact with the soil. The membrane has a moisture permeability ≤0.5g / (m²・24h) and a weather resistance of ≥25 years. The surface of the nano-modified moisture-proof and vapor-barrier membrane is composited with an aluminum foil reflective layer with a reflectivity ≥0.9.

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