A steam turbine that is easy to modify

Abstract

This invention relates to a steam turbine that is easy to modify, comprising a rotor body and a front cover, a housing, and a rear cover fitted on the outside of the rotor body; the front cover, housing, and rear cover are sequentially connected along the axial direction of the rotor body, wherein the housing and the rear cover are detachably connected; within the outer cylinder cavity, the rotor body is provided with an axially extending inner mounting groove, and a plurality of detachable impellers are fitted onto the rotor body and slide in cooperation with the inner mounting groove; a plurality of partition sleeves are provided on the inner wall of the housing, and a plurality of partitions are respectively provided on the partition sleeves, the partitions and the impellers are alternately arranged along the axial direction of the rotor body; this invention is safe and stable in operation, the equipment is easy to disassemble and assemble, different impellers can be replaced according to different seasons, the operating mode can be flexibly switched, low vacuum heating in winter, and low load operation in other seasons, precisely matching the power plant's electricity and steam demand.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of steam turbines, and more specifically to a steam turbine that is easy to modify. Background Technology

[0002] Energy conservation and carbon reduction are essential for promoting a comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development and achieving high-quality development. By implementing low-vacuum retrofitting on steam turbines, their operating vacuum can be reasonably reduced, allowing steam to expand and perform work over a wider pressure differential range. This not only significantly improves thermal efficiency and increases power generation but also actively responds to the national requirements for efficient energy utilization. Simultaneously, the retrofitted steam turbine can utilize some of the incompletely condensed steam for heating, achieving combined heat and power (CHP), comprehensively meeting the heating needs of urban heating, industrial production, and other sectors, and significantly improving overall energy utilization efficiency. This model is highly consistent with the national policy of promoting clean and efficient energy utilization and fostering the healthy and orderly development of CHP, and is of great significance for building a circular economy and achieving low-carbon economic goals.

[0003] The key to low-vacuum operation calculations is ensuring the safety of the low-pressure section (especially the last-stage blades) of the turbine after increasing the turbine's back pressure. During winter low-vacuum operation, the increased exhaust pressure leads to a decrease in the ideal enthalpy drop, resulting in reduced enthalpy drop and work capacity in the last few stages; the speed ratio deviates from its optimal value, causing a decrease in stage efficiency; the last few stages deviate from their design operating conditions, increasing impeller inlet impact losses; and unfavorable impeller exhaust angles reduce turbine circumferential power, ultimately leading to the last two and third-stage impellers consuming energy without performing any work. In other seasons, the turbine operates under low-load conditions. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a turbine that can easily and reliably switch between these two operating conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on the above description, the present invention provides a steam turbine that is easy to modify, operates safely and stably, is easy to disassemble and assemble, can replace different impeller sets according to different seasons, flexibly switch operating modes, provide low vacuum heating in winter, and operate at low load in other seasons, accurately matching the power plant's electricity and steam demand.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a steam turbine that is easy to modify includes a rotor body and a front cover, a shell, and a rear cover sleeved on the outside of the rotor body; the front cover, the shell, and the rear cover are connected sequentially along the axial direction of the rotor body, wherein the shell and the rear cover are detachably connected; A steam inlet assembly is provided on the front cover, and a steam extraction assembly is provided on the housing; an inner cylinder cavity is formed between the steam inlet assembly and the steam extraction assembly, and an outer cylinder cavity is formed on the side of the steam extraction assembly away from the steam inlet assembly; a front steam seal is provided between the front cover and the rotor body, and a rear steam seal is provided between the rear cover and the rotor body. Inside the outer cylinder cavity, the rotor body is provided with an axially extending inner mounting groove, and a number of detachable sleeve impellers are mounted on the rotor body and slide in cooperation with the inner mounting groove; a number of partition sleeves are provided on the inner wall of the housing, and a number of partitions are respectively provided on the partition sleeves, and the partitions and the sleeve impellers are alternately arranged along the axial direction of the rotor body.

[0006] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0007] Furthermore, a retaining ring is provided on the side of the impeller away from the extraction assembly. The retaining ring is sleeved on the rotor body and the retaining ring and the rotor body are detachably connected. The rear steam seal is provided between the outer cylinder housing and the retaining ring.

[0008] Furthermore, a counterweight ring is provided between the impeller and the retaining ring, the counterweight ring is sleeved on the rotor body, and the counterweight ring and the rotor body are detachably connected.

[0009] Furthermore, a plurality of integrally forged impellers are provided between the steam extraction assembly and the assembled impeller. The integrally forged impellers are integrally connected to the rotor body, and the integrally forged impellers and the partition plate are also alternately arranged along the axial direction of the rotor body.

[0010] Furthermore, the partition sleeve includes a fixed partition sleeve and a sliding partition sleeve; the partition includes a fixed partition and a sliding partition; The fixed partition sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing, the fixed partition is installed on the fixed partition sleeve, and the fixed partition and the forged impeller are alternately arranged along the axial direction of the rotor body; An external mounting groove is provided on the inner wall of the housing, and the external mounting groove is located on the side of the fixed partition sleeve away from the steam extraction assembly; the sliding partition sleeve is slidably engaged with the external mounting groove, the sliding partition is installed on the sliding partition sleeve, and the sliding partition and the sleeved impeller are alternately arranged along the axial direction of the rotor body.

[0011] Furthermore, a limiting ring is provided on the side of the sliding partition sleeve away from the steam extraction assembly. The limiting ring is slidably disposed on the inner wall of the housing, and one end of the limiting ring is clamped between the housing and the rear cover. A bolt passes through the housing, the limiting ring, and the rear cover, thereby realizing a detachable connection between the housing, the limiting ring, and the rear cover.

[0012] Furthermore, under low-load conditions, the impeller of the assembly has water-cooled blades.

[0013] Furthermore, under low vacuum conditions, the impeller of the assembly has air-cooled blades.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial technical effects: 1. This invention is safe and stable in operation, and the equipment is easy to disassemble and assemble. Different impeller sets can be replaced according to different seasons, and the operating mode can be flexibly switched. Low vacuum heating in winter and low load operation in other seasons can accurately match the power plant's electricity and steam demand. 2. This invention can fully tap the potential of boiler resources, realize the parallel supply of heat and electricity, and greatly improve thermal efficiency and economy; at the same time, the unit structure is simple and compact, and the layout is scientific and reasonable, which effectively ensures long-term stable operation. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a steam turbine that is easy to modify, provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a structure for modifying a steam turbine for winter low-vacuum conditions, which is easy to modify according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a steam turbine that is easy to modify, provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a structure for modifying a steam turbine for winter low vacuum conditions, as provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Rotor body; 11. Forged impeller; 12. Sleeve impeller; 13. Counterweight ring; 14. Retaining ring; 15. Inner mounting groove; 2. Front cover; 21. Steam inlet assembly; 3. Shell; 31. Steam extraction assembly; 32. Baffle sleeve; 321. Fixed baffle sleeve; 322. Sliding baffle sleeve; 33. Baffle; 331. Fixed baffle; 332. Sliding baffle; 34. Limiting ring; 35. Outer mounting groove; 4. Rear cover; 5. Front steam seal; 6. Rear steam seal; 7. Inner cylinder cavity; 8. Outer cylinder cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate embodiments of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this application will be thorough and complete.

[0017] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0018] It is understood that spatial relation terms such as “below,” “under,” “below,” “below,” “above,” “above,” etc., can be used here to describe the relationship between one element or feature shown in the figure and other elements or features. It should be understood that, in addition to the orientation shown in the figure, spatial relation terms also include different orientations of the device in use and operation. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, the element or feature described as “below,” “below,” or “below” will be oriented “above” the other element or feature. Therefore, the exemplary terms “below” and “under” can include both upper and lower orientations. Furthermore, the device may also include other orientations (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or other orientations), and the spatial descriptive terms used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0019] It should be noted that when one element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or connected to the other element through an intermediary element. In the following embodiments, "connection" should be understood as "electrical connection," "communication connection," etc., if the connected circuits, modules, units, etc., have the transmission of electrical signals or data between them.

[0020] When used herein, the singular forms of “a,” “an,” and “the” may also include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms “comprising,” “including,” or “having,” etc., specify the presence of the stated feature, whole, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof, but do not preclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0021] Example 1 A steam turbine that is easy to modify includes a rotor body 1 and a front cover 2, a housing 3, and a rear cover 4 sleeved on the outside of the rotor body 1. The front cover 2, the housing 3, and the rear cover 4 are connected sequentially along the axial direction of the rotor body 1, wherein the housing 3 and the rear cover 4 are detachably connected.

[0022] A steam inlet assembly 21 is provided on the front cover 2, and a steam extraction assembly 31 is provided on the housing 3. An inner cylinder cavity 7 is formed between the steam inlet assembly 21 and the steam extraction assembly 31, and an outer cylinder cavity 8 is formed on the side of the steam extraction assembly 31 away from the steam inlet assembly 21. A front steam seal 5 is provided between the front cover 2 and the rotor body 1, and a rear steam seal 6 is provided between the rear cover 4 and the rotor body 1.

[0023] Inside the outer cylinder cavity 8, the rotor body 1 is provided with an axially extending inner mounting groove 15, and several detachable sleeve impellers 12 are sleeved on the rotor body 1 and slide in cooperation with the inner mounting groove 15. Several integrally forged impellers 11 are provided between the steam extraction assembly 31 and the sleeve impellers 12, and the integrally forged impellers 11 are integrally connected to the rotor body 1.

[0024] The inner wall of the housing 3 is provided with several partition sleeves 32, and several partitions 33 are respectively provided on the partition sleeves 32. The partitions 33 and the sleeve impeller 12 are alternately arranged along the axial direction of the rotor body 1. The integral forged impeller 11 is also alternately arranged with the partitions 33 along the axial direction of the rotor body 1.

[0025] A retaining ring 14 is provided on the side of the impeller 12 away from the extraction assembly 31. The retaining ring 14 is fitted on the rotor body 1 and the retaining ring 14 and the rotor body 1 are detachably connected. The rear steam seal 6 is provided between the outer cylinder housing 3 and the retaining ring 14.

[0026] A counterweight ring 13 is provided between the impeller 12 and the retaining ring 14. The counterweight ring 13 is fitted on the rotor body 1 and the counterweight ring 13 and the rotor body 1 are detachably connected.

[0027] In this embodiment, other seasons besides winter, such as Figure 1 As shown, five sets of impellers are provided, all of which are water-cooled blades, thus meeting the requirements of low-load operating conditions.

[0028] In winter, the last three impellers and corresponding baffles can be removed, such as... Figure 2 As shown, two new impeller sets and corresponding partitions were installed, along with counterweight rings 13 of the corresponding length. This ensured that the center distance between the front and rear bearings remained unchanged after the blade replacement process, and that the connection method with the generator was maintained as before, thus ensuring the compatibility of the mechanical system. The newly installed impeller sets adopted air-cooled blade profiles, which have excellent adaptability to varying operating conditions and angle of attack, significantly improving the unit's operational stability in low-vacuum environments.

[0029] This embodiment features a simplified modification process, safe and stable operation, and convenient equipment disassembly and assembly. It allows for flexible switching of operating modes according to different seasons, providing low-vacuum heating in winter and low-load operation in other seasons, precisely matching the power plant's electricity and steam demand. It fully taps into the boiler's resource potential, achieving parallel heating and power supply, significantly improving thermal efficiency and economy. Simultaneously, the unit's streamlined and compact structure, along with its scientifically sound layout, effectively ensures long-term stable operation.

[0030] Example 2 like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the partition sleeve 32 includes a fixed partition sleeve 321 and a sliding partition sleeve 322. The partition 33 includes a fixed partition 331 and a sliding partition 332.

[0031] The fixed partition sleeve 321 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 3, and the fixed partition 331 is installed on the fixed partition sleeve 321. The fixed partition 331 and the integral forged impeller 11 are alternately arranged along the axial direction of the rotor body 1.

[0032] An external mounting groove 35 is provided on the inner wall of the housing 3, and the external mounting groove 35 is located on the side of the fixed partition sleeve 321 away from the steam extraction assembly 31. The sliding partition sleeve 322 is slidably engaged with the external mounting groove 35, and the sliding partition 332 is installed on the sliding partition sleeve 322. The sliding partition 332 and the sleeve impeller 12 are alternately arranged along the axial direction of the rotor body 1.

[0033] Additionally, a limiting ring 34 is provided on the side of the sliding partition sleeve 322 away from the steam extraction assembly 31. The limiting ring 34 is slidably disposed on the inner wall of the housing 3, and one end of the limiting ring 34 is clamped between the housing 3 and the rear cover 4. A bolt passes through the housing 3, the limiting ring 34, and the rear cover 4, thereby achieving a detachable connection between the housing 3, the limiting ring 34, and the rear cover 4.

[0034] Compared to Embodiment 1, this embodiment allows for the simultaneous replacement of sliding baffle sleeves 322 and limiting rings 34 of different sizes and shapes during the modification process. This makes the design of the turbine's internal structure simpler and more flexible under various operating conditions, and makes it easier for the sliding baffle to cooperate with the impeller.

[0035] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A steam turbine that is easy to modify, characterized in that, It includes a rotor body and a front cover, a housing, and a rear cover sleeved on the outside of the rotor body; the front cover, the housing, and the rear cover are connected sequentially along the axial direction of the rotor body, wherein the housing and the rear cover are detachably connected; A steam inlet assembly is provided on the front cover, and a steam extraction assembly is provided on the housing; an inner cylinder cavity is formed between the steam inlet assembly and the steam extraction assembly, and an outer cylinder cavity is formed on the side of the steam extraction assembly away from the steam inlet assembly; a front steam seal is provided between the front cover and the rotor body, and a rear steam seal is provided between the rear cover and the rotor body. Inside the outer cylinder cavity, the rotor body is provided with an axially extending inner mounting groove, and a number of detachable sleeve impellers are mounted on the rotor body and slide in cooperation with the inner mounting groove; a number of partition sleeves are provided on the inner wall of the housing, and a number of partitions are respectively provided on the partition sleeves, and the partitions and the sleeve impellers are alternately arranged along the axial direction of the rotor body. A retaining ring is provided on the side of the impeller away from the extraction assembly. The retaining ring is sleeved on the rotor body and the retaining ring and the rotor body are detachably connected. The rear steam seal is provided between the outer cylinder housing and the retaining ring. A counterweight ring is provided between the impeller and the retaining ring. The counterweight ring is sleeved on the rotor body and the counterweight ring and the rotor body are detachably connected. A plurality of forged impellers are provided between the extraction assembly and the set impeller. The forged impellers are integrally connected to the rotor body, and the forged impellers and the partition plate are also alternately arranged along the axial direction of the rotor body. The partition sleeve includes a fixed partition sleeve and a sliding partition sleeve; the partition includes a fixed partition and a sliding partition; The fixed partition sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing, the fixed partition is installed on the fixed partition sleeve, and the fixed partition and the forged impeller are alternately arranged along the axial direction of the rotor body; An external mounting groove is provided on the inner wall of the housing, and the external mounting groove is located on the side of the fixed partition sleeve away from the steam extraction assembly; the sliding partition sleeve is slidably engaged with the external mounting groove, the sliding partition is installed on the sliding partition sleeve, and the sliding partition and the sleeved impeller are alternately arranged along the axial direction of the rotor body; A limiting ring is provided on the side of the sliding partition sleeve away from the steam extraction assembly. The limiting ring is slidably disposed on the inner wall of the housing, and one end of the limiting ring is clamped between the housing and the rear cover. A bolt passes through the housing, the limiting ring and the rear cover, thereby realizing the detachable connection of the housing, the limiting ring and the rear cover.

2. The steam turbine that is easy to modify according to claim 1, characterized in that, Under low load conditions, the impeller of the assembly has water-cooled blades.

3. The steam turbine that is easy to modify according to claim 1, characterized in that, Under low vacuum conditions, the impeller of the assembly has air-cooled blades.

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