System device and method for estimating dredged soil texture state in dredging engineering

Abstract

The invention provides a system device and method for estimating the dredged soil texture state in dredging engineering. The system device comprises a calculation module and a test module. The calculation module is used for calculating the dredged soil texture state according to the test data obtained by the test module; the testing module comprises a transparent pipeline, a slurry conveying device, a pressure testing instrument and a flow testing device; the transparent pipeline comprises a horizontal section, an inclined section and a vertical section which are connected with one another; the horizontal section comprises a first horizontal section and a second horizontal section which are arranged in parallel; in the material conveying direction, the flow testing device and the slurry conveying device are sequentially arranged on the first horizontal section; the pressure testing instrument is arranged on the transparent pipeline; a laser particle size testing instrument is arranged on one side of the vertical section, and / or a sampling opening is formed in the vertical section. The device can flexibly change the concentration and the flow velocity in the pipeline, and realizes comprehensive monitoring and simulation of the flowing state of dredged mud by combining with various measuring components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dredged soil technology, and in particular to a system device and method for estimating the soil quality in dredging projects. Background Technology

[0002] In dredging projects, accurately understanding and assessing the soil condition of the dredging area is crucial to ensuring the rationality of the construction plan and the accuracy of the selection of construction equipment. Traditional soil investigation methods mainly rely on laboratory mechanical testing, rarely using direct indoor experiments. They usually require sampling, transportation, and laboratory analysis, which are time-consuming and costly.

[0003] Furthermore, due to the heterogeneity of soil, soil properties may vary significantly within the same dredging area, making it impossible for traditional methods to reflect changes in soil conditions in real time. Existing dredging soil assessment methods often require large equipment and rely on complex operations, making rapid on-site response impossible, resulting in reduced efficiency and delayed construction decisions during dredging operations.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for equipment and methods that can quickly estimate the soil condition at the dredging site in order to provide real-time data support for the construction process and ensure the efficiency and quality of construction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a system device and method for estimating the state of dredged soil in dredging projects. By adopting a modular pipe structure with detachable, transparent glass tubes, it is easy to assemble, disassemble, and transport, and the pipe diameter is interchangeable, providing good adaptability. At the same time, the concentration and flow rate inside the pipe can be flexibly changed, and by combining various measuring components, it can achieve comprehensive monitoring and simulation of the flow state of dredged mud.

[0006] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a system device for estimating the soil condition of dredged soil in dredging projects. The system device includes a calculation module and a testing module. The calculation module is used to calculate the soil condition of dredged soil based on the test data obtained by the testing module.

[0008] The testing module includes a transparent pipe, a slurry conveying device, a pressure testing instrument, and a flow testing device. The transparent pipe includes interconnected horizontal, inclined, and vertical sections. The horizontal sections include a first horizontal section and a second horizontal section arranged in parallel. Along the material conveying direction, the flow testing device and the slurry conveying device are sequentially arranged in the first horizontal section. The pressure testing instrument is mounted on the transparent pipe. A laser particle size analyzer is mounted on one side of the vertical section, and / or a sampling port is mounted on the vertical section.

[0009] It is worth noting that current methods for assessing dredged soil quality are insufficient. To improve the efficiency and accuracy of soil condition assessment in dredging projects and provide effective data support for subsequent engineering design, construction, and optimization, thereby better ensuring the quality and efficiency of dredging projects, this invention provides a system device for estimating the condition of dredged soil in dredging projects. The device consists of detachable transparent glass tube modules, including horizontal, inclined, and vertical sections. These modules are quickly connected via flanges or clips, and the pipe diameter is replaceable. The equipment also includes a slurry conveying device, which serves as the power core. Its impeller is reversible and located at the bottom of the equipment. The inlet of this slurry conveying device is connected to the water intake and is equipped with a pressure testing instrument for real-time pressure monitoring. A flow testing device measures the flow rate within the pipe, and a laser particle size analyzer measures the particle distribution.

[0010] The system provided by this invention simulates the flow environment of dredged slurry, collects pressure data at key nodes, and combines this with changes in local resistance. Using relevant calculation methods and specific formulas (such as slurry resistance calculation formulas and clear water pipeline resistance coefficient calculation formulas), it performs inverse reasoning to estimate parameters such as the comprehensive coefficient K of the dredged soil, the viscosity μ of the slurry, and particle settling velocity. This allows for rapid assessment of the physical properties of the dredged soil and the correlation coefficient of pipeline transport friction loss. For the measurement, calculation, and analysis of horizontal, vertical, and inclined sections, corresponding methods are employed. In the horizontal section, the flow rate can be adjusted according to the different concentrations of slurry to obtain the measured friction loss, and the correlation coefficient can be solved in reverse using empirical formulas. For the vertical and inclined sections, gravity loss is added to the formula, and after adjusting the angle, a new first comprehensive calibration coefficient for the vertical and inclined sections is also solved, constructing a formula for calculating pipeline resistance loss, providing a foundation for pipeline calculation in dredging projects.

[0011] Preferably, the angle between the inclined segment and the first horizontal segment is 30 to 60°, for example, it can be 30°, 34°, 37°, 40°, 44°, 47°, 50°, 54°, 57° or 60°, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0012] The present invention preferably controls the angle between the inclined segment and the first horizontal segment within the above-mentioned range, which results in higher accuracy of monitoring and evaluation.

[0013] Preferably, the system device further includes a local resistance test replacement assembly disposed at the connection between the first horizontal section and the inclined section.

[0014] Preferably, the vertical segment includes a first vertical segment and a second vertical segment, and the first horizontal segment, the inclined segment, the first vertical segment, the second horizontal segment and the third vertical segment are connected end to end in sequence.

[0015] Preferably, the pressure testing instrument includes a first pressure gauge set on the first horizontal section, a second and a third pressure gauge set at both ends of the inclined section, a fourth pressure gauge set on the first vertical section, a fifth and a sixth pressure gauge set at both ends of the second horizontal section, and a seventh and an eighth pressure gauge set at both ends of the second vertical section.

[0016] Preferably, along the material conveying direction, the first pressure gauge is located on the first horizontal section after the slurry conveying device.

[0017] Preferably, the system device further includes a rotary feed port disposed in the second horizontal section near the first vertical section.

[0018] Preferably, the system further includes a discharge port and a water intake port disposed on the first horizontal section. The discharge port is disposed on the outer side of the junction of the second vertical section and the first horizontal section, and the water intake port is disposed on the inner side of the junction of the second vertical section and the first horizontal section, along the material conveying direction, and is disposed before the flow testing device.

[0019] Preferably, the laser particle size analyzer is positioned on one side of the second vertical segment between the seventh and eighth pressure gauges.

[0020] Preferably, the sampling port is located between the seventh and eighth pressure gauges in the second vertical section.

[0021] Preferably, the calculation module includes a preliminary data analysis module.

[0022] Preferably, the calculation formulas set in the preliminary data analysis module include the slurry resistance calculation formula and the clear water pipeline resistance coefficient calculation formula.

[0023] Preferably, the formula for calculating slurry resistance takes gravity loss into account in both the inclined and vertical sections.

[0024] Preferably, the calculation module includes a row spacing calculation module and a production output calculation module.

[0025] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for estimating the soil condition of dredged soil in dredging projects, wherein the method is performed using the system device for estimating the soil condition of dredging projects described in the first aspect.

[0026] Preferably, the method includes:

[0027] S1. The test module simulates the flow environment of dredged mud, and the pressure test instrument collects pressure data, the laser particle size analyzer collects particle data, and the flow test device collects flow data.

[0028] S2. The test module obtains the state parameters of the dredged soil based on the pressure data, particle data, and flow rate data, and using the calculation formula.

[0029] Preferably, the pressure data in step S1 includes first pressure data located on the first horizontal segment, second and third pressure data located at both ends of the inclined segment, fourth pressure data located on the first vertical segment, fifth and sixth pressure data located at both ends of the second horizontal segment, and seventh and eighth pressure data located at both ends of the second vertical segment.

[0030] Preferably, the volume concentration of the dredging slurry is 0 to 100 v%, for example, it can be 0 v%, 12 v%, 23 v%, 34 v%, 45 v%, 56 v%, 67 v%, 78 v%, 89 v%, or 100 v%, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable.

[0031] Preferably, the state parameters in step S2 include a comprehensive coefficient K, mud viscosity μ, or particle settling velocity. Any combination of one or at least two of the following, wherein a typical but not limiting combination is the combination of the comprehensive coefficient K and the mud viscosity μ, and the particle settling velocity. The combination of mud viscosity μ and the comprehensive coefficient K and mud viscosity μ.

[0032] Preferably, the preliminary data analysis module is used to calculate the friction loss i for horizontal, inclined, and vertical segments. m The friction loss i m The calculation formula is shown in equation (1), and H is calculated when calculating the friction loss in the horizontal section. c =0.

[0033]

[0034] In equation (1), i m For friction loss; i w For water friction loss; K′ is the first comprehensive calibration coefficient, with a value range of 10 to 20; C v V represents the volume concentration of solids in the slurry, expressed as v%. g represents the acceleration due to gravity, expressed in m / s². 2 D: Pipe diameter, in meters; S: Density ratio of solid particles, representing the average settling velocity of the particles; The settling velocity of solid particles is expressed in m / s; v is the flow velocity inside the pipe, expressed in m / s; d is the particle size, expressed in meters (m); H C This is due to gravity loss.

[0035] Specifically, the formula for calculating the resistance coefficient of a clean water pipeline is shown in equation (108):

[0036]

[0037] In equation (108), λ w The resistance coefficient for clear water is calculated using the formula shown in equation (109):

[0038]

[0039] In equation (109), Re is the Reynolds number, and its calculation formula is shown in equation (110):

[0040]

[0041] In equations (110) and (109), D is the inner diameter of the pipe in meters (m); k is the roughness in meters (m); v is the flow velocity in the pipe in meters (m / s); and μ is the viscosity coefficient in kg / (m·s).

[0042] Preferably, the calculation of the row spacing calculation module includes: based on the friction loss i m The total head H of the pump in dredging projects pump Calculate the spacing of the pipes based on the pipe length L and the height difference between the pipe outlet and inlet.

[0043] Preferably, the row spacing calculation formula set in the row spacing calculation module is as shown in equation (2):

[0044]

[0045] In equation (2), H pump The pump head is expressed in meters (m). m Δh is the friction loss per unit length, in m / m; L is the pipe spacing, in m; Δh is the height difference between the pipe outlet and inlet, in m. If the conveying is horizontal, then Δh = 0.

[0046] Preferably, the calculation of the production calculation module includes: based on the mud flow rate Q 泥浆 and the volume concentration of solids in the slurry C v Calculate the output Q 产量 ;

[0047] Preferably, the production calculation formula set in the production calculation module is as shown in equation (3):

[0048]

[0049] In equation (3), Q 产量 This refers to the volume of solid earthwork per hour, in meters (m). 3 / h; v is the flow velocity inside the pipe, in m / s; π is pi; D is the inner diameter of the pipe, in m; C v The solids volume concentration in the slurry, v%.

[0050] Specifically, step S2 provided by the present invention includes the following steps:

[0051] S201, The preliminary data analysis module is used to calculate friction loss i m Using the aforementioned system device, at different concentrations (C v =10%, 20%, 30%, etc.) and flow rate measurements i m Calculate i according to the formula for slurry resistance. m The parameters such as K, μ, and particle settling velocity are obtained by inverse kinematics.

[0052] S202, Row spacing calculation module calculates row spacing: determines pump performance: obtains pump head H pump and traffic Q pump If the flow velocity is calculated by measuring the flow velocity v, the mud Q can be calculated. 泥浆 Calculate the row spacing L: Measure or assume the height difference Δh. Substitute into formula (2):

[0053]

[0054] Specifically, Δh is the height difference between the pipe outlet and inlet, in meters. If the transport is horizontal, then Δh = 0.

[0055] Among them, i m Calculated using the formula for slurry resistance:

[0056]

[0057] Among them, i w The friction loss of the clean water can be calculated using equation (108). The i measured by the equipment... m Alternatively, the inverse solution K can be substituted into the head balance equation to calculate L.

[0058] S203, Production Calculation Module calculates production Q 产量 :

[0059]

[0060] The calculated volume of solid soil per hour is obtained. Preferably, the present invention also provides a new method for determining the critical flow velocity in dredging projects. By placing the equipment horizontally, forming slurries of different concentrations, adjusting the flow velocity to obtain friction loss and resistance characteristic curves, finding the minimum flow velocity corresponding to the minimum resistance at different concentrations as the critical flow velocity, and fitting the critical flow velocity curve based on the on-site soil parameters, this method is more accurate than traditional empirical or semi-empirical formula calculations.

[0061] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0062] (1) The system device for estimating the dredged soil condition in dredging projects provided by the present invention adopts a modular pipe structure with detachable transparent glass tubes, which is convenient for assembly, disassembly and transportation, and the pipe diameter can be changed, with good adaptability; at the same time, the concentration and flow rate in the pipe can be flexibly changed, and combined with a variety of measuring components, it can realize comprehensive monitoring and simulation of the dredging mud flow state.

[0063] (2) The method for estimating the state of dredged soil in dredging projects provided by this invention combines pressure and flow data with specific formulas to inversely derive key parameters and determine the coefficients under different concentration conditions based on the distribution of variable changes. These parameter matrices can quickly and accurately determine the resistance state of dredged soil. Furthermore, corresponding methods have been developed for measuring different pipe sections. In addition, a new approach to determine the critical flow velocity through experimental devices has been innovatively proposed, which improves the accuracy and reliability of the estimation of relevant parameters in dredging projects, helps to optimize the construction process of dredging projects, avoids problems such as silt deposition and blockage of pipelines, and improves project efficiency and quality. Attached Figure Description

[0064] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a system device for estimating the soil condition during dredging projects, provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0065] Figure 2 This refers to the different concentrations of i in Example 2 of the present invention. m -v curve graph.

[0066] Figure 3 This is the mud transport resistance characteristic curve in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0067] In the diagram: 1. Slurry conveying device; 2. First pressure gauge; 3. Local resistance test replacement assembly; 4. Second pressure gauge; 5. Inclined section; 6. Third pressure gauge; 7. Fourth pressure gauge; 8. Rotary feed port; 9. Fifth pressure gauge; 10. Second horizontal section; 11. Sixth pressure gauge; 12. Seventh pressure gauge; 13. Second vertical section; 14. Eighth pressure gauge; 15. Discharge port; 16. Water intake port; 17. Flow rate testing device; 18. Laser particle size analyzer; 19. First horizontal section; 20. First vertical section. Detailed Implementation

[0068] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the following embodiments are provided. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0069] It should be understood that in the description of this invention, the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0070] It should be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0071] Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention necessarily includes the necessary pipelines, conventional valves and general pump equipment for achieving complete process, but the above content is not the main inventive point of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can add layouts based on the process flow and equipment structure selection, and the present invention does not make any special requirements or specific limitations in this regard.

[0072] In traditional dredging projects, the transport status of dredged soil in pipelines (such as particle distribution, concentration, and rheological properties) largely relies on laboratory analysis and testing, which suffers from poor timeliness and operational complexity. Existing devices struggle to achieve modular integration and dynamic condition adaptation, and lack comprehensive monitoring of multiple flow states (horizontal, inclined, and vertical) within the pipeline. To address these issues, this invention proposes a system device and method for estimating the state of dredged soil in dredging projects. Through dynamic correlation analysis of parameters such as pressure difference, flow velocity, and particle settling, combined with adjustable-angle pipe section design, it enables rapid estimation of the resistance state of dredged soil at the dredging and reclamation construction site.

[0073] Example 1

[0074] This embodiment provides a system device for estimating the soil condition during dredging projects, such as... Figure 1As shown, the system includes a calculation module and a testing module. The calculation module is used to calculate the dredged soil condition based on the test data obtained from the testing module. The testing module includes a transparent pipe, a slurry conveying device, a pressure testing instrument, and a flow testing device. The transparent pipe includes interconnected horizontal, inclined, and vertical sections. The horizontal sections include a first horizontal section and a second horizontal section arranged in parallel. Along the material conveying direction, the flow testing device and the slurry conveying device are sequentially arranged in the first horizontal section. The pressure testing instrument is mounted on the transparent pipe.

[0075] A laser particle size analyzer is provided on one side of the vertical section, and / or a sampling port is provided on the vertical section.

[0076] The angle between the inclined section and the first horizontal section is 30° to 60°. The system device also includes a local resistance test replacement assembly (this section is the local resistance test section) disposed at the connection between the first horizontal section and the inclined section.

[0077] The vertical segment includes a first vertical segment and a second vertical segment, and the first horizontal segment, the inclined segment, the first vertical segment, the second horizontal segment and the third vertical segment are connected end to end in sequence.

[0078] The pressure testing instrument includes a first pressure gauge set on the first horizontal section, a second and a third pressure gauge set at both ends of the inclined section, a fourth pressure gauge set on the first vertical section, a fifth and a sixth pressure gauge set at both ends of the second horizontal section, and a seventh and an eighth pressure gauge set at both ends of the second vertical section.

[0079] Along the material conveying direction, the first pressure gauge is located on the first horizontal section after the mud conveying device.

[0080] The system device also includes a rotary feed port located in the second horizontal section near the first vertical section.

[0081] The system device further includes a discharge port and a water intake port disposed on the first horizontal section. The discharge port is disposed on the outside of the junction of the second vertical section and the first horizontal section, and the water intake port is disposed on the inside of the junction of the second vertical section and the first horizontal section, along the material conveying direction, and is disposed before the flow testing device.

[0082] The laser particle size analyzer is positioned on one side between the seventh and eighth pressure gauges in the second vertical section. The sampling port is located between the seventh and eighth pressure gauges in the second vertical section.

[0083] The calculation module includes a preliminary data analysis module; the calculation formulas set in the preliminary data analysis module include a slurry resistance calculation formula and a clear water pipeline resistance coefficient calculation formula; the slurry resistance calculation formula considers gravity loss in inclined and vertical sections; the calculation module includes a discharge spacing calculation module and a production output calculation module.

[0084] In this embodiment, each pipe is a detachable transparent glass tube, and all pipes have the same inner diameter. The angle of the inclined section can be adjusted within the range of 30 to 60°.

[0085] In this embodiment, the mud conveying device serves as the power core of the device of the present invention, providing power for the conveying of mud and driving the mud to circulate in the pipeline system. It is located at the bottom of the entire system device.

[0086] The inlet of the mud conveying device is connected to the water intake via a pipeline to draw water for the test. The water intake is usually located at a water source near the dredging area or equipped with a large water storage tank to ensure sufficient water supply.

[0087] The slurry conveying device in this invention employs an impeller capable of both clockwise and counterclockwise flow, ensuring slurry can flow in both directions and enabling testing of vertical and inclined sections. The right side of the slurry conveying device is connected to a short horizontal pipe via a flange. This short horizontal pipe is connected to a clamp installed on the slurry conveying device for pipe fixation, ensuring the stability of the pipe connection. A first pressure gauge is installed on the short horizontal pipe to monitor the pumping pressure in real time. A local resistance testing assembly is installed on the outlet side of the slurry conveying device. Different local resistance components, such as valves, elbows, and diffusers, can be installed on this assembly according to the actual dredging project requirements to study the influence of different local resistance elements on slurry flow resistance and soil resistance state estimation. The horizontal short pipe is connected to the inclined section pipe via the local resistance testing assembly at an angle between 30° and 60°. A pressure gauge is installed after the local resistance testing assembly; the local resistance value of the local resistance test section can be calculated using the pressure difference between the first and second pressure gauges. The local resistance measuring section is connected at both ends to the outlet of the mud conveying device and the inclined section, respectively, ensuring that the slurry can flow smoothly into the subsequent pipeline system. One end of the inclined section is connected to the local resistance measuring section, and the other end is connected to the second horizontal section. The second horizontal section extends horizontally, with its two ends connected to the first and second vertical sections, respectively. The first and second vertical sections extend upwards and connect to the second horizontal section. Throughout the pipeline system, the pipe sections are tightly connected by flanges, threaded connections, or welding to ensure the sealing and continuous flow of the slurry within the pipeline. The pipeline is made of transparent glass tubes, allowing observation of the slurry flow within the pipeline.

[0088] Specifically, in this embodiment, multiple pressure gauges are installed at key locations in the pipeline system, including a first pressure gauge, a second pressure gauge, a third pressure gauge, a fourth pressure gauge, a fifth pressure gauge, a sixth pressure gauge, a seventh pressure gauge, and an eighth pressure gauge. The first pressure gauge is installed near the outlet of the slurry conveying device to measure the initial pressure provided by the slurry conveying device. The second pressure gauge is installed after the local resistance measurement section to monitor the impact of local resistance on the slurry pressure. The third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth pressure gauges are installed at different locations in the inclined, horizontal, and vertical sections, respectively, to monitor the changes in the flow pressure of the slurry in each pipe section in real time. Using the data from these pressure gauges, combined with appropriate methods, the flow resistance parameters of the slurry in the pipeline that are of interest in the dredging project can be calculated, thereby estimating the state of the dredged soil.

[0089] In this embodiment, the rotary feed port is located at the top of the system device and connected to the second horizontal section. Its shape allows it to rotate, ensuring that soil samples can be added smoothly when the equipment is placed horizontally or vertically for testing, thus ensuring that the pipeline contains the target concentration.

[0090] During the test, dredged soil is added to the pipeline system through the feed port, where it mixes with water transported by the slurry conveying device to form a slurry. The design of the rotary feed port should ensure that the dredged soil can enter the pipeline evenly and continuously, and a sealing device should be installed at the feed port to prevent slurry leakage and the entry of external impurities, which could affect the accuracy of the measurement results.

[0091] In this embodiment, the sampling port is located at a suitable position in the vertical section for periodic or real-time collection of slurry samples. By analyzing the physical properties of the slurry samples, such as solid content and particle size distribution, the soil resistance state results estimated using pressure gauge data can be further calibrated and verified, improving the accuracy of the estimation. The sampling port is equipped with a sampling valve and sampling device to facilitate sampling operations while ensuring the safety and reliability of the sampling process.

[0092] In this embodiment, the system device can also be equipped with a laser particle size analyzer next to the second vertical section during vertical testing to measure the particle size when the flow rate in the test pipe is stable, thereby achieving the effect of avoiding the need for a sampling port.

[0093] In this embodiment, the outlet is located on the left side of the mud conveying device. It is used to discharge the mud from the pipeline system after the test is completed. During the actual test, the opening of the outlet can be controlled as needed to adjust the discharge flow rate and concentration of the slurry, thus achieving the transportation and disposal of dredged soil. It is adjacent to the water intake of the system device in this embodiment, and both are controlled by valves. The outlet is used to discharge the mud after the test. The water intake, at the beginning of the experiment, uses a calculated water intake volume combined with the volume of undisturbed soil added through the rotating feed port to achieve the required volume concentration in the pipeline. The flow rate testing device is used to control the water intake value.

[0094] This embodiment also provides a method for installing a system device for estimating the soil condition of dredged soil in dredging projects, the installation method comprising:

[0095] Step S11: Determine the installation site for the equipment, ensuring that the site is flat, firm, and has sufficient space for equipment assembly and operation; place the mud conveying device in the predetermined position and fix it with anchor bolts or other fixing devices to ensure the stability of the mud conveying device during operation.

[0096] Step S12: Connect the water intake pipe to the inlet of the mud conveying device, and ensure that the pipe connection is tight and leak-free. Install the local resistance measuring section and connect it to the outlet of the mud conveying device. Install the corresponding local resistance test replacement components on the local resistance measuring section as needed, and debug and calibrate them to ensure that they work properly.

[0097] Step S13: Install the inclined section, horizontal section, and vertical section in sequence, connecting each section in a suitable manner according to design requirements to form a complete pipeline system. During the connection process, pay attention to the support and fixation of the pipeline to avoid damage caused by vibrations from the slurry flow.

[0098] Step S14: Install pressure gauges at key locations on the transparent pipe. Operate according to the pressure gauge installation instructions to ensure the measurement accuracy and reliability of the pressure testing instrument. Simultaneously, calibrate and standardize the pressure testing instrument to obtain accurate pressure measurement data.

[0099] The installation method provided in this embodiment further includes: step S15, installing the rotary feed port and sampling port, connecting them to the corresponding pipeline positions, and sealing them. Inspect the valves and operating mechanisms of the rotary feed port and sampling port to ensure they are flexible and reliable, and can meet the feeding and sampling requirements during the testing process.

[0100] The installation method provided in this embodiment also includes: step S16, connecting the discharge outlet to the subsequent treatment system or discharge area to complete the assembly of the entire system device.

[0101] The installation method provided in this embodiment also includes: step S17, performing a systematic inspection and debugging of the entire system device, including pipeline sealing inspection, mud conveying device operation test, pressure testing instrument calibration, etc., to ensure that the equipment can operate normally and provide accurate and reliable data support for the rapid estimation of dredged soil resistance status.

[0102] Example 2

[0103] This embodiment provides a method for estimating the soil condition of dredged soil in a dredging project. The method utilizes the system device for estimating the soil condition of dredged soil in a dredging project provided in Embodiment 1. The specific steps are as follows:

[0104] S1. Simulate the flow environment of dredged mud in the test module, and collect pressure data using a pressure testing instrument, particle data using a laser particle size analyzer, and flow data using a flow testing device.

[0105] S2. Based on the pressure data, particle data, and flow rate data, and using the calculation formula, obtain the state parameters of the dredged soil.

[0106] In this embodiment, step S1 includes:

[0107] Step S101: Calculate the pipe volume;

[0108] Specifically, assuming the pipe is cylindrical with an inner diameter of D (in meters, m) and a length of L (in meters, m), then the total volume of the pipe is V. 管道 As shown in equation (101):

[0109]

[0110] In practice, transparent pipes consist of horizontal, inclined, and vertical sections, and the volume of each section needs to be calculated separately and then summed. However, to simplify the calculation, we assume that the total pipe length L is known, and the pipe volume V... 管道 That is, the total volume of mud required for the experiment, V. 总 That is, as shown in equation (102):

[0111]

[0112] In equations (102) and (103), V 管道 The volume of a single pipe section is expressed in meters (m). 3 V 总 Total pipe volume, in meters (m). 3 The pipe length is L, in meters; D is the pipe inner diameter, in meters; π is the mathematical constant pi, with a value of 3.14.

[0113] Step S102: Prepare mud with different volume concentrations;

[0114] Specifically, mud slurries with different solid particle volume concentrations are prepared according to the volume of soil and water, as shown in equation (103):

[0115]

[0116] In equation (103), V 土 The volume of soil, in cubic meters (m). 3 V 水 The volume of water, measured in cubic meters (m). 3 V 总 The total volume of the mud is expressed in cubic meters (m). 3 .

[0117] Typical target concentration C v To set the volumetric concentration, such as 10%, 20%, or 30%, calculate the added V based on the target volumetric concentration. 土 and V 水 .

[0118] Step S102 includes step S1021: based on the pipe inner diameter D, pipe length L, and set solid volume concentration C v Calculate the required V to be added 土 and V 水 .

[0119] Specifically, the derivation process of step S1021 includes:

[0120] According to the volume concentration formula (103) Substitute the total volume V 总 =V 土 +V 水 ,have:

[0121] Therefore, the formula for calculating soil volume is shown in equation (104):

[0122] V 土 =Cv·V 总 Equation (104)

[0123] Substitution formula (102) Equation (105) is obtained:

[0124]

[0125] Therefore, the volume of water is as shown in equation (106):

[0126]

[0127] That is, given the pipe's inner diameter D, pipe length L, and target concentration C... vIn this case, the required volume of soil and water can be calculated according to Equations (105) and (106), and slurries with different solid volume concentrations in the pipeline can be prepared.

[0128] In this embodiment, step S1 further includes:

[0129] Step S103: Mix mud of different volume concentrations (C) v =10v%, 20v%, 30v%, etc.) In the test module, a simulated dredging slurry flow environment test is conducted. The flow velocity v of the slurry conveying device is adjusted to obtain a series of measured friction losses i in the pipeline. m .

[0130] The following is a detailed explanation using specific implementation examples:

[0131] With target concentration C v =10%, C v =20%, C v Taking 30% as an example, the specific steps are as follows, combined with equipment operation:

[0132] S111. Determine pipeline parameters:

[0133] Measure the pipe's inner diameter D and total length L; calculate the pipe's total volume using equation (102).

[0134] Calculate the required soil and water volumes using equations (105) and (106): For C v =10% (i.e., 0.1):

[0135]

[0136] For C v =20% (i.e., 0.2):

[0137]

[0138]

[0139] For C v =30% (i.e., 0.3):

[0140]

[0141] S112, according to V determined in step S111 水 and V 土 Add water and soil.

[0142] The specific steps include: opening the water inlet and controlling the volume of water added (V) using a flow meter. 水Ensure the amount of water added is accurate. Open the feed inlet and gradually add the calculated soil volume (V). 土 During the feeding process, continuous stirring is required to ensure the mud is uniform.

[0143] S113. Start the mud conveying device to drive the mud to circulate in the pipeline system, ensuring that the soil and water are fully mixed to achieve the target concentration.

[0144] S114. Observe the state of the mud inside the transparent pipe and take a sample through the sampling port to verify whether the concentration meets the requirements.

[0145] S115. Adjust and test the concentration of the mud.

[0146] The specific steps include: if the concentration deviation is large, some mud can be discharged through the outlet, the amount of water and soil added can be readjusted, and after confirming that the concentration has reached the target value, the pressure gauge and flow meter data can be recorded for subsequent soil condition estimation.

[0147] Step S2 includes:

[0148] Step S201: The preliminary data analysis module calculates the friction loss i. m .

[0149] Step S201 specifically includes: First, the formula for calculating the slurry resistance is shown in equation (107) below.

[0150]

[0151] In equation (1), i m Frictional loss, the hydraulic gradient of the mixture, i.e., the pressure drop per unit length, in m / m, dimensionless, representing the proportion of head loss per meter of length; i w For water friction loss; K is the second comprehensive calibration coefficient, determined by measured data, generally ranging from 10 to 20; C v V% represents the volume concentration of solids in the slurry; it is the volume percentage of solids in the mixture and has no unit. g represents the acceleration due to gravity, measured in m / s². 2 The speed is usually taken as 9.81 m / s. 2 D: Pipe diameter, in meters; S: Density ratio of solid particles, representing the average settling velocity of the particles, dimensionless. It is the ratio of the density of the solid to the density of water, usually taken as 1000 kg / m³. 3 ; The settling velocity of solid particles is expressed in m / s; v is the flow velocity inside the pipe, expressed in m / s; d is the particle size, expressed in meters.

[0152] The formula for calculating the resistance coefficient of the clean water pipeline is shown in equation (108):

[0153]

[0154] In equation (108), λ w The resistance coefficient for clear water is calculated using the formula shown in equation (109):

[0155]

[0156] In equation (109), Re is the Reynolds number, and its calculation formula is shown in equation (110):

[0157]

[0158] In equations (110) and (109), D is the inner diameter of the pipe in meters (m); k is the roughness in meters (m); v is the flow velocity in the pipe in meters (m / s); and μ is the viscosity coefficient in kg / (m·s).

[0159] The slurry resistance calculation formula used in this invention is an empirical formula derived from horizontal pipe experiments, which adds gravity loss H to the horizontal pipe slurry resistance calculation formula. c =ρ m gh derived the calculation and analysis formulas for vertical and inclined sections. The inclined pipe has an adjustment angle between 30° and 60°, while the vertical pipe has an angle of 90°. The other methods are the same as those for horizontal pipe calibration. Finally, the first comprehensive calibration coefficient K′ is solved. Substituting it back into the formula, the calculation formula for pipe resistance loss under the corresponding angle, flow velocity and concentration can be obtained, which provides a basis for subsequent dredging engineering pipe calculation. The calculation formula is as follows (1):

[0160]

[0161] In dredging projects, the critical velocity is the minimum flow rate required to ensure effective slurry transport. When the actual flow rate is below the critical velocity, slurry particles tend to settle within the dredging pipeline, significantly reducing transport efficiency. If the flow rate remains below the critical velocity for an extended period, slurry will gradually accumulate within the pipeline, eventually causing blockages. Existing formulas for calculating the critical velocity are empirical or semi-empirical, and their calculations are not entirely accurate. This invention, by placing equipment horizontally within the pipeline of the test device to form a concentration C... v By adjusting the flow rate v of the mud conveying device to 10%, 20%, and 30%, a series of measured friction losses i in the pipeline can be obtained. m (like Figure 2 As shown), Figure 2 i at different concentrations mAs shown in the -v curve. By using the formulas for calculating slurry resistance and the resistance coefficient of clear water pipelines, the second comprehensive calibration coefficient K and the settling velocity of solid particles, as well as the viscosity coefficient μ of the reactive slurry, can be obtained in reverse engineering from the formulas for calculating slurry resistance at different concentrations. These coefficients obtained at corresponding flow velocities and concentrations are then combined into a corresponding coefficient matrix table. Substituting this matrix back into the slurry resistance calculation formula yields the formula for calculating pipeline resistance loss at corresponding flow velocities and concentrations, providing a foundation for subsequent pipeline calculations in dredging projects.

[0162] And it is possible to obtain the mud transport resistance characteristic curve (such as...) Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the minimum flow velocity corresponding to the minimum resistance at different concentrations can be determined. This flow velocity is the critical flow velocity. A critical flow velocity curve can be fitted based on the specific soil parameters on site using mathematical statistics.

[0163] Step S2 further includes: Step S202, based on the friction loss i m The total head H of the pump in dredging projects pump Calculate the spacing of the pipes based on the pipe length L and the height difference between the pipe outlet and inlet.

[0164] Specifically, the row spacing calculation formula set in the row spacing calculation module is shown in equation (2):

[0165]

[0166] In equation (2), H pump The pump head is expressed in meters (m). m Δh is the friction loss per unit length, in m / m; L is the pipe spacing, in m; Δh is the height difference between the pipe outlet and inlet, in m. If the conveying is horizontal, then Δh = 0.

[0167] Among them, i m Calculated using the formula for slurry resistance:

[0168]

[0169] Among them, i w The friction loss of the clean water can be calculated using equation (108). The i measured by the equipment... m Alternatively, the inverse solution K can be substituted into the head balance equation to calculate L.

[0170] Step S2 also includes: Step S203, based on the mud flow rate Q 泥浆 and the volume concentration of solids in the slurry C v Calculate the output Q 产量 .

[0171] Specifically, the production calculation formula set in the production calculation module is as shown in equation (3):

[0172] Q 产量 =Q 泥浆 ·C v ·Form 3600 (3)

[0173] In equation (3), Q 产量 This refers to the volume of solid earthwork per hour, in meters (m). 3 / h;Q 泥浆 This refers to the mud flow rate, measured in meters (m³). 3 / s;C v The solids volume concentration in the slurry, v%.

[0174] Among them, Q 产量 This refers to the volume of solid earth transported per unit time, which is related to the mud flow rate and concentration. Specifically, the mud flow rate is determined by the pump flow rate Q. pump The value can be determined, or calculated using the flow velocity v and the pipe cross-sectional area, as shown in equation (112):

[0175]

[0176] In equation (112), Q 泥浆 This refers to the mud flow rate, measured in meters (m³). 3 / s; v is the mud flow velocity, in m / s; A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the transparent pipe, in m². 2 D is the inner diameter of the pipe, in meters (m).

[0177] Wherein, the volume of solid soil is the product of the mud flow rate and the volume concentration, as shown in equation (113):

[0178] Q 固体 =Q 泥浆 ·C v Equation (113)

[0179] Equations (113) and (112) are converted into hourly output as shown in equation (114), and Q is calculated. 产量 Unit: m 3 / h:

[0180] Q 产量 =Q 泥浆 ·C v ·Form 3600 (114)

[0181] Substituting equation (113) into equation (114), we obtain equation (3):

[0182]

[0183] The output Q can be calculated using equation (3). 产量 Calculate the volume of solid earthwork per hour.

[0184] The present invention has been illustrated with the above embodiments to illustrate its detailed features, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed features, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above detailed features to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that any improvements to the present invention, equivalent substitutions for the selected technical features, additions of auxiliary technical features, and selection of specific methods, etc., all fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system device for estimating the soil condition during dredging projects, characterized in that, The system device includes a calculation module and a testing module; the calculation module is used to calculate the dredged soil condition based on the test data obtained by the testing module. The testing module includes a transparent pipe, a mud conveying device, a pressure testing instrument, and a flow testing device; The transparent pipe includes interconnected horizontal sections, inclined sections, and vertical sections; the horizontal sections include a first horizontal section and a second horizontal section arranged in parallel. Along the material conveying direction, the flow testing device and the mud conveying device are sequentially arranged in the first horizontal section; The pressure testing instrument is mounted on the transparent pipe; A laser particle size analyzer is provided on one side of the vertical section, and / or a sampling port is provided on the vertical section.

2. The system apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle between the inclined segment and the first horizontal segment is 30° to 60°. Preferably, the system device further includes a local resistance test replacement assembly disposed at the connection between the first horizontal section and the inclined section.

3. The system apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The vertical segment includes a first vertical segment and a second vertical segment, and the first horizontal segment, the inclined segment, the first vertical segment, the second horizontal segment and the third vertical segment are connected end to end in sequence.

4. The system apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pressure testing instrument includes a first pressure gauge set on the first horizontal section, a second and a third pressure gauge set at both ends of the inclined section, a fourth pressure gauge set on the first vertical section, a fifth and a sixth pressure gauge set at both ends of the second horizontal section, and a seventh and an eighth pressure gauge set at both ends of the second vertical section. Preferably, along the material conveying direction, the first pressure gauge is located on the first horizontal section after the slurry conveying device; Preferably, the system device further includes a rotary feed port disposed in the second horizontal section near the first vertical section; Preferably, the system device further includes a discharge port and a water intake port disposed on the first horizontal section; the discharge port is disposed on the outside of the junction of the second vertical section and the first horizontal section, and the water intake port is disposed on the inside of the junction of the second vertical section and the first horizontal section, along the material conveying direction, and the water intake port is disposed before the flow testing device; Preferably, the laser particle size analyzer is positioned on one side between the seventh and eighth pressure gauges in the second vertical section; Preferably, the sampling port is located between the seventh and eighth pressure gauges in the second vertical section.

5. The system apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The calculation module includes a preliminary data analysis module; Preferably, the calculation formulas set in the preliminary data analysis module include the slurry resistance calculation formula and the clear water pipeline resistance coefficient calculation formula; Preferably, the formula for calculating slurry resistance considers gravity loss in both inclined and vertical sections; Preferably, the calculation module includes a row spacing calculation module and a production output calculation module.

6. A method for estimating the soil condition during dredging projects, characterized in that, The method is carried out using the system device for estimating the soil condition in dredging projects as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method includes: S1. The test module simulates the flow environment of dredged mud, and the pressure test instrument is used to collect pressure data, the laser particle size analyzer is used to collect particle data, and the flow test device is used to collect flow data. S2. The test module obtains the state parameters of the dredged soil based on the pressure data, particle data, and flow rate data, and using the calculation formula.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The pressure data mentioned in step S1 includes first pressure data located on the first horizontal segment, second and third pressure data located at both ends of the inclined segment, fourth pressure data located on the first vertical segment, fifth and sixth pressure data located at both ends of the second horizontal segment, and seventh and eighth pressure data located at both ends of the second vertical segment. Preferably, the volume concentration of the dredging mud is 0–100 v%. Preferably, the state parameters in step S2 include a comprehensive coefficient K, mud viscosity μ, or particle settling velocity. Any one or at least two of them.

9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The preliminary data analysis module is used to calculate the friction loss i of the horizontal, inclined, and vertical segments. m The friction loss i m The calculation formula is shown in equation (1): In equation (1), i m For friction loss; i w For water friction loss; K′ is the first comprehensive calibration coefficient; C v V: Volume concentration of solids in the slurry, v%; g: acceleration due to gravity, in m / s² 2 ; D: Pipe diameter, in meters; S: Density ratio of solid particles, representing the average settling velocity of the particles; The settling velocity of solid particles is expressed in m / s; v is the flow velocity inside the pipe, expressed in m / s; d is the particle size of the solid particles, expressed in meters. H C Loss due to gravity; Preferably, the calculation of the row spacing calculation module includes: based on the friction loss i m The total head H of the pump in dredging projects pump Calculate the pipe spacing based on the pipe length L and the height difference between the pipe outlet and inlet; Preferably, the row spacing calculation formula set in the row spacing calculation module is as shown in equation (2): In equation (2), H pump The pump head is expressed in meters (m). m Δh is the friction loss per unit length, in m / m; L is the pipe spacing, in m; Δh is the height difference between the pipe outlet and inlet, in m. If the conveying is horizontal, then Δh = 0.

10. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that, The production calculation module includes the following calculations: based on the mud flow rate Q. 泥浆 and the volume concentration of solids in the slurry C v Calculate the output Q 产量 ; Preferably, the production calculation formula set in the production calculation module is as shown in equation (3): In equation (3), Q 产量 This refers to the volume of solid earthwork per hour, in meters (m). 3 / h; v is the flow velocity inside the pipe, in m / s; π is pi; D is the inner diameter of the pipe, in m; C v The solids volume concentration in the slurry, v%.

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