A passive internet of things based unpowered device binding and positioning method and system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of passive Internet of Things-based unpowered equipment binding and positioning method and system, comprising: receiving the equipment identification information broadcasted by multiple passive tags by the positioning gateway installed on the tractor, the passive tag is fixed to the unpowered equipment being towed;Based on the preset electromagnetic signal filtering rule, the equipment identification information is processed, and a binding equipment list is generated;According to the signal strength data of each passive tag in the binding equipment list, a marshalling sequence list is generated;Obtain the real-time position data of the tractor, including latitude and longitude and azimuth;According to the marshalling sequence list, the pre-stored equipment physical length data and the real-time position data, the absolute position coordinates of each unpowered equipment are solved by a spatial relationship model.The application solves the technical problems of poor safety, high cost and insufficient marshalling positioning accuracy caused by dependence on battery power in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of non-powered equipment monitoring technology, and more specifically, to a method, system, computer device, and storage medium for binding and locating non-powered equipment based on passive Internet of Things. Background Technology

[0002] In civil airports, modern logistics, industrial manufacturing, public facilities, and urban transportation, there are typically a large number and diverse range of non-powered equipment, including pallets, trailers, work ladders, tow bars, wheel chocks, and baggage trolleys, widely distributed in aprons, parking lots, warehouses, terminals, maintenance yards, factory workshops, transportation hubs, urban roads, and public service areas. While these devices are not valuable assets, they are crucial tools for daily operations, indispensable for material transportation, production, public services, and resource allocation. Currently, there is a general lack of effective regulatory measures, leading to problems such as difficulties in equipment scheduling, unclear asset status, delayed maintenance, and uncontrolled use beyond permitted areas. Non-powered trailers, in particular, which constitute the largest proportion of equipment, are a weak link in operation management due to the lack of real-time positioning capabilities. Traditional positioning technologies such as RFID, UWB, GPS / BeiDou, or 4G / 5G solutions all suffer from drawbacks due to battery power, including high power consumption, high cost, insufficient accuracy, and the risk of foreign object debris (FOD) from battery detachment. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a positioning technology that is battery-free, has low deployment costs, and can dynamically track the location of unpowered devices. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main objective of this invention is to provide a method and system for binding and locating unpowered devices based on passive Internet of Things (IoT), aiming to solve the technical problems of poor safety, high cost, and insufficient grouping and positioning accuracy caused by unpowered devices relying on battery power in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of the present invention provides a method for binding and locating unpowered devices based on passive Internet of Things, comprising:

[0005] Step S100: Receive device identification information broadcast by multiple passive tags through a positioning gateway installed on the tractor vehicle, wherein the passive tags are fixed to the towed non-powered equipment;

[0006] Step S200: Process the device identification information based on preset electromagnetic signal filtering rules to generate a list of bound devices;

[0007] Step S300: Generate a grouping order list based on the signal strength data of each passive tag in the bound device list;

[0008] Step S400: Obtain the real-time location data of the tractor, wherein the real-time location data includes latitude, longitude and azimuth.

[0009] Step S500: Based on the grouping order list, the pre-stored physical length data of the equipment, and the real-time position data, calculate the absolute position coordinates of each non-powered device using a spatial relationship model.

[0010] Preferably, in step S200, the step of processing the device identification information based on preset electromagnetic signal filtering rules to generate a bound device list includes:

[0011] Step S210: Count the number of times each device identification information received within the preset monitoring period appears;

[0012] Step S220: When the number of occurrences of any device identification information exceeds a preset threshold, mark the device as a candidate binding device;

[0013] Step S230: Verify the received signal strength value of the candidate binding device based on preset rules, and add the verified device identification information to the binding device list.

[0014] Preferably, in step S210, the step of counting the number of occurrences of each device identification information received within a preset monitoring period includes:

[0015] Step S211: Collect the driving speed of the tractor in real time through the on-board sensors;

[0016] Step S212: When the driving speed exceeds the preset start threshold and the duration exceeds the preset duration, the preset monitoring cycle is activated;

[0017] Step S213: Construct a device identification information-reception count mapping table within the preset monitoring period, and update the reception count statistics in real time.

[0018] Preferably, in step S230, the step of verifying the received signal strength value of the candidate binding device based on preset rules includes:

[0019] Step S231: Within the preset monitoring period, acquire the sequence of received signal strength values ​​of the candidate binding device;

[0020] Step S232: Perform the first-level strength verification. When the received signal strength of the candidate binding device is continuously higher than the preset strength threshold, proceed to the next verification.

[0021] Step S233: Perform the second-level stability verification, analyze the fluctuation range of the received signal strength of the candidate binding device, and determine that the verification is passed when the fluctuation range is continuously less than the preset tolerance threshold.

[0022] Preferably, in step S300, the step of generating a grouping order list based on the signal strength data of each tag in the bound device list includes:

[0023] Step S310: Obtain the signal strength dataset of each passive tag in the list of bound devices;

[0024] Step S320: Sort the signal strength dataset in descending order;

[0025] Step S330: Construct a grouping order list based on the descending order of the results, where the device with the highest signal strength corresponds to the device closest to the tractor, and the device with the lowest signal strength corresponds to the device farthest from the tractor.

[0026] Preferably, in step S500, the step of calculating the absolute position coordinates of each non-powered device using a spatial relationship model based on the grouping order list, pre-stored physical length data of the devices, and the real-time position data includes:

[0027] Step S510: Obtain the physical length of the corresponding non-powered equipment based on the equipment identification information;

[0028] Step S520: Based on the grouping order list and the physical length of the unpowered equipment, calculate the relative length value from each unpowered equipment to the tractor.

[0029] Step S530: Calculate the latitude and longitude coordinates of each non-powered device based on the relative length value and the position data of the tractor.

[0030] Preferably, in step S530, the step of calculating the latitude and longitude coordinates of each unpowered device based on the relative length value and the position data of the tractor includes:

[0031] Step S531: Based on the azimuth angle of the tractor and the relative length value of the unpowered equipment, generate the offset component of the unpowered equipment in the plane coordinate system;

[0032] Step S532: Convert the latitude and longitude coordinates of the tractor vehicle into planar coordinates through Gauss-Kruger projection, superimpose the offset components, and then convert them into latitude and longitude coordinates of the unpowered equipment through Gauss-Kruger back projection.

[0033] A second aspect of the present invention provides a passive Internet of Things (IoT)-based system for binding and locating unpowered devices, comprising:

[0034] The broadcast receiving module receives device identification information broadcast by multiple passive tags through a positioning gateway installed on the tractor vehicle. The passive tags are fixed to the towed non-powered equipment.

[0035] The first generation module processes the device identification information based on preset electromagnetic signal filtering rules to generate a list of bound devices;

[0036] The second generation module generates a grouping order list based on the signal strength data of each passive tag in the bound device list;

[0037] The positioning acquisition module acquires the real-time location data of the tractor, which includes latitude, longitude, and azimuth.

[0038] The position calculation module calculates the absolute position coordinates of each non-powered device based on the grouping order list, pre-stored physical length data of the devices, and the real-time position data, using a spatial relationship model.

[0039] A third aspect of the present invention provides a computer device, characterized in that it includes a processor and a memory, the memory being used to store executable instructions for controlling the processor to perform the method as described in any of the first aspects.

[0040] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that it stores a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method as described in any of the first aspects.

[0041] This invention provides a method and system for binding and locating unpowered devices based on passive Internet of Things (IoT). It achieves battery-free power supply by dynamically broadcasting device identification information through passive tags, improving device security and deployment convenience; generates a list of bound devices through electromagnetic signal filtering rules, enhancing the anti-interference capability of device identification; establishes a grouping order list by grouping and sorting signals by signal strength, improving the efficiency of spatial distribution judgment; obtains tractor location data through single-point positioning, reducing system hardware costs; and calculates the absolute position coordinates of grouped devices through a spatial relationship model, improving the positioning accuracy and scheduling efficiency of unpowered devices.

[0042] Furthermore, this invention improves the anti-interference capability of bound device identification through frequency statistics and strength verification collaborative screening; improves the real-time performance of the binding process startup through a vehicle speed threshold-triggered periodic activation mechanism; improves the reliability of bound device signals through two-level signal verification rules; improves the accuracy of grouping order judgment by mapping spatial distribution in descending order of signal strength; improves the accuracy of relative position calculation through collaborative calculation of device order and physical length; improves the geometric accuracy of spatial positioning by generating offset components through azimuth angle trigonometric relationships; and improves the reliability of coordinate system transformation through Gaussian projection and back projection transformation closed loop.

[0043] In summary, this invention solves the technical problems of poor safety, high cost, and insufficient grouping and positioning accuracy caused by battery power supply in existing non-powered equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0044] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort. The realization of the purpose, functional features, and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the drawings. In the drawings:

[0045] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the binding and positioning method for non-powered devices based on passive Internet of Things (IoT) provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a method for generating a list of bound devices provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 A flowchart of a method for counting the number of times device identification information appears, provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a method for verifying the received signal strength value of candidate binding devices based on preset rules, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating a method for generating a grouping order list based on the signal strength data of each tag in the bound device list, provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating a method for calculating the absolute position coordinates of each non-powered device using a spatial relationship model, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 7 A flowchart illustrating a method for calculating the latitude and longitude coordinates of each non-powered device based on relative length values ​​and the position data of a tractor, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a passive Internet of Things-based binding and positioning system for non-powered devices provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a computer device for binding and locating a passive Internet of Things (IoT) device, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0056] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the meaning of "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions; for example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0057] Therefore, the main objective of this invention is to provide a method and system for binding and locating unpowered devices based on passive Internet of Things, aiming to solve the technical problems of poor security, high cost, and insufficient grouping and positioning accuracy caused by unpowered devices relying on battery power in the background art.

[0058] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the first aspect of the present invention provides a method for binding and locating unpowered devices based on passive Internet of Things, comprising:

[0059] Step S100: Receive device identification information broadcast by multiple passive tags through a positioning gateway installed on the tractor vehicle, wherein the passive tags are fixed to the towed non-powered equipment;

[0060] Step S200: Process the device identification information based on preset electromagnetic signal filtering rules to generate a list of bound devices;

[0061] Step S300: Generate a grouping order list based on the signal strength data of each passive tag in the bound device list;

[0062] Step S400: Obtain the real-time location data of the tractor, wherein the real-time location data includes latitude, longitude and azimuth.

[0063] Step S500: Based on the grouping order list, the pre-stored physical length data of the equipment, and the real-time position data, calculate the absolute position coordinates of each non-powered device using a spatial relationship model.

[0064] For details, see Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present invention, taking a civil airport usage scenario as an example, in the actual operation of the tractor, when the tractor performs traction work in the airport runway area, the passive tag fixed to the unpowered trailer generates electricity through vibration sensing and is automatically activated, periodically broadcasting a unique device identification code; the positioning gateway installed at the rear of the tractor activates its short-range communication module to continuously receive signals emitted by passive tags within a radius of fifty meters; the gateway's built-in processing unit activates an electromagnetic signal filtering mechanism, accumulating the frequency of each tag's occurrence within a preset monitoring period, eliminating signal sources with fewer than a threshold number of occurrences; and performs a signal strength stability analysis on candidate devices, eliminating interference sources with excessive fluctuations, ultimately generating... The system automatically extracts the real-time signal strength values ​​of all tags in the list, sorts them in descending order of value, and forms a grouping order list of devices from near to far. The Beidou positioning module of the tractor updates latitude, longitude, and azimuth data every second, and this real-time location information is transmitted to the data middleware via the gateway. The middleware calls the pre-stored physical length parameters of the devices, calculates the cumulative relative length of each device from the tractor based on the grouping order index, calculates the north-south and east-west offset components based on azimuth decomposition, maps the latitude and longitude of the tractor to the plane coordinate system through Gauss-Kruger projection, superimposes the offset components, and performs back projection transformation to dynamically output the latitude and longitude coordinates of each unpowered device. The entire process is completed in real time while the tractor is moving. Unpowered devices do not require independent power supply, and real-time position calculation of devices within the group can be achieved with a low error range.

[0065] It is understood that, through the implementation of the above technical solutions, this embodiment can achieve the following significant beneficial effects: by using a passive tag vibration generation mechanism and dynamic electromagnetic signal filtering rules, the anti-interference capability and zero-battery safety of the equipment binding process are improved; by using a signal strength grouping and sorting mechanism and a spatial relationship model for collaborative calculation, the positioning accuracy of grouped equipment is improved; by using a single-point positioning data sharing and background length parameter pre-storage mechanism, the system deployment efficiency is improved and hardware costs are reduced; by using an automated binding process and real-time coordinate calculation, the airport equipment scheduling response speed is improved; and by using a closed-loop coordinate transformation of projection superposition and back projection, the stability of position data output is improved.

[0066] Based on the above technical solutions, those skilled in the art can make corresponding equivalent improvements according to the application scenario. For example, they can select short-range communication protocols such as Bluetooth and ZigBee to expand the signal coverage radius according to the actual needs of the project; or use an acceleration sensor to trigger the binding process instead of the vehicle speed threshold; or obtain the device length in real time through the cloud database to replace the locally stored parameters; or add a device gateway module to realize multi-vehicle parallel positioning.

[0067] Preferably, in step S200, the step of processing the device identification information based on preset electromagnetic signal filtering rules to generate a bound device list includes:

[0068] Step S210: Count the number of times each device identification information received within the preset monitoring period appears;

[0069] Step S220: When the number of occurrences of any device identification information exceeds a preset threshold, mark the device as a candidate binding device;

[0070] Step S230: Verify the received signal strength value of the candidate binding device based on preset rules, and add the verified device identification information to the binding device list.

[0071] For details, see Figure 2 In one embodiment of the present invention, in an airport apron operation environment, the tractor positioning gateway continuously receives device identification information broadcast by passive tags in the vicinity. Within a preset monitoring period (e.g., 90 seconds), the gateway constructs a frequency statistics table of device identification information. When the number of times a tag signal is received exceeds a preset threshold (e.g., 20 times), the device is marked as a candidate binding device. Subsequently, signal strength verification is performed on the candidate devices: their RSSI value sequence is extracted within the monitoring period, and abnormal signal sources with instantaneous strength below the threshold or fluctuation amplitude exceeding the tolerance are eliminated. The device identification information that passes the verification is added to the binding device list. This process ensures that only devices with stable motion accompanying the tractor are included in the binding range through a two-level filtering mechanism of frequency screening and strength verification.

[0072] It is understood that this embodiment, through the implementation of the above technical solution, can achieve the following significant beneficial effects: by using frequency statistics and threshold comparison mechanisms, it improves the anti-interference capability of device identification in dynamic environments; by using signal strength stability verification processes, it improves the accuracy of the bound device list; and by using two-level electromagnetic signal collaborative filtering rules, it improves the binding efficiency of grouped devices and reduces the risk of misbinding.

[0073] Based on the above technical solutions, those skilled in the art can make corresponding equivalent improvements according to the application scenario. For example, the fixed monitoring cycle can be replaced with a dynamic adjustment cycle, and the monitoring time can be adaptively extended or shortened based on the environmental noise level; or the frequency statistics mechanism can be replaced with the cumulative judgment of signal duration; or a machine learning model can be used to replace the fixed threshold to perform signal strength verification.

[0074] Preferably, in step S210, the step of counting the number of occurrences of each device identification information received within a preset monitoring period includes:

[0075] Step S211: Collect the driving speed of the tractor in real time through the on-board sensors;

[0076] Step S212: When the driving speed exceeds the preset start threshold and the duration exceeds the preset duration, the preset monitoring cycle is activated;

[0077] Step S213: Construct a device identification information-reception count mapping table within the preset monitoring period, and update the reception count statistics in real time.

[0078] For details, see Figure 3 In one embodiment of the present invention, when the tractor is traveling on an airport taxiway, the onboard speed sensor continuously collects speed data. When the vehicle speed is detected to continuously exceed a preset start threshold (e.g., 5 km / h) and the duration reaches a preset value (e.g., 10 seconds), the monitoring cycle timer is automatically activated (e.g., 90 seconds). Within this monitoring cycle, the positioning gateway creates a dynamic device identification information-reception count mapping table. Each time a tag broadcast signal is received, the cumulative reception count of the corresponding device is updated. The monitoring cycle triggered by the vehicle speed threshold accurately covers the stable traction period of the tractor, avoiding misbinding of irrelevant devices when stationary or at low speeds.

[0079] It is understood that, through the implementation of the above technical solution, this embodiment can achieve the following significant beneficial effects: by using both vehicle speed threshold and duration to determine and activate the monitoring cycle, the accuracy of the binding process initiation is improved; by using a dynamic number mapping table for real-time updates, the real-time performance and data integrity of device identification are improved; and by using a periodic activation strategy associated with motion state, the binding effectiveness and system energy efficiency are improved.

[0080] Based on the above technical solutions, those skilled in the art can make corresponding equivalent improvements according to the application scenario. For example, the speed sensor can be replaced with an acceleration sensor, and the monitoring cycle can be activated based on the acceleration of the tractor's movement; or position trajectory analysis can be used to replace vehicle speed judgment, and the system can be automatically activated when the tractor enters the preset working area.

[0081] Preferably, in step S230, the step of verifying the received signal strength value of the candidate binding device based on preset rules includes:

[0082] Step S231: Within the preset monitoring period, acquire the sequence of received signal strength values ​​of the candidate binding device;

[0083] Step S232: Perform the first-level strength verification. When the received signal strength of the candidate binding device is continuously higher than the preset strength threshold, proceed to the next verification.

[0084] Step S233: Perform the second-level stability verification, analyze the fluctuation range of the received signal strength of the candidate binding device, and determine that the verification is passed when the fluctuation range is continuously less than the preset tolerance threshold.

[0085] For details, see Figure 4 In one embodiment of the present invention, within a preset monitoring period, the positioning gateway extracts all received signal strength values ​​of candidate binding devices to form time series data. During the first-level strength verification, the system detects whether the sequence is continuously higher than a preset strength threshold (e.g., -65dBm). Devices below the threshold are immediately eliminated. Devices that pass the initial screening enter the second-level stability verification, where their signal strength fluctuation range is calculated. If the fluctuation amplitude is consistently less than a preset tolerance threshold (e.g., ±5dB) within the monitoring period, the device is determined to be a valid binding device and added to the binding list. The two-level verification mechanism can effectively eliminate signal jump interference caused by metal obstruction or environmental reflection.

[0086] It is understood that, through the implementation of the above technical solution, this embodiment can achieve the following significant beneficial effects: by verifying that the signal strength is continuously higher than the threshold, the reliability of the bound device signal is improved; by analyzing the stability of the signal fluctuation range, the accuracy of the device motion state judgment is improved; and by the two-level progressive verification mechanism, the anti-interference capability and mis-bound filtering capability of the binding list are improved.

[0087] Based on the above technical solutions, those skilled in the art can make corresponding equivalent improvements according to the application scenario. For example, they can replace the fixed intensity threshold with a dynamically adjusted threshold, which is adaptively set based on the environmental noise level; or use a sliding window mean comparison to replace point-to-point fluctuation analysis; or add signal transmission delay detection as a third-level verification condition.

[0088] Preferably, in step S300, the step of generating a grouping order list based on the signal strength data of each tag in the bound device list includes:

[0089] Step S310: Obtain the signal strength dataset of each passive tag in the list of bound devices;

[0090] Step S320: Sort the signal strength dataset in descending order;

[0091] Step S330: Construct a grouping order list based on the descending order of the results, where the device with the highest signal strength corresponds to the device closest to the tractor, and the device with the lowest signal strength corresponds to the device farthest from the tractor.

[0092] For details, see Figure 5 In one embodiment of the present invention, the positioning gateway extracts the real-time signal strength dataset of each passive tag from the list of bound devices. The background system performs descending sorting on all data points. According to the propagation characteristics of radio waves, signal strength is inversely proportional to device distance. Therefore, the descending sorting result directly maps the spatial distribution of devices: the device at the top of the list has the highest signal strength and is determined to be the device closest to the tractor; the device at the bottom of the list has the lowest signal strength and is determined to be the device at the tail end of the group. Based on this ordered list, a grouping order list is constructed to achieve spatial order recognition without additional ranging hardware.

[0093] It is understood that, through the implementation of the above technical solution, this embodiment can achieve the following significant beneficial effects: by processing the signal strength dataset in descending order, the real-time performance of grouping order determination is improved; by using the inverse mapping rule between strength value and distance, the accuracy of order recognition is improved; and by using a pure signal data driven mode, the efficiency of grouping management is improved and the system complexity is reduced.

[0094] Based on the above technical solutions, those skilled in the art can make corresponding equivalent improvements according to the application scenario. For example, they can replace single signal strength acquisition with periodic average calculation to enhance data stability; or introduce an environmental attenuation compensation algorithm to correct the strength value; or combine historical location trajectories to verify the sorting results.

[0095] Preferably, in step S500, the step of calculating the absolute position coordinates of each non-powered device using a spatial relationship model based on the grouping order list, pre-stored physical length data of the devices, and the real-time position data includes:

[0096] Step S510: Obtain the physical length of the corresponding non-powered equipment based on the equipment identification information;

[0097] Step S520: Based on the grouping order list and the physical length of the unpowered equipment, calculate the relative length value from each unpowered equipment to the tractor.

[0098] Step S530: Calculate the latitude and longitude coordinates of each non-powered device based on the relative length value and the position data of the tractor.

[0099] For details, see Figure 6In one embodiment of the present invention, after the positioning gateway obtains the list of bound devices, it retrieves the physical length parameters of the corresponding unpowered devices from the background database according to the device serial number in the grouping order list. Based on the spatial arrangement order of the grouped devices and the physical length data, the system calculates the cumulative straight-line distance from the unpowered devices to the tractor for each device. The background data processing module combines the azimuth angle and cumulative straight-line distance value uploaded by the tractor in real time, and generates the relative coordinate offset of the unpowered devices through geometric spatial relationship mapping rules. This offset is calculated in conjunction with the latitude and longitude coordinates of the tractor, and outputs the independent position coordinates of each device in the group through projection conversion and back projection conversion processes, thereby realizing the real-time latitude and longitude calculation of the unpowered devices in the group.

[0100] It is understood that, through the implementation of the above technical solution, this embodiment can achieve the following significant beneficial effects: by co-calculating the grouping order list with the physical length of the equipment, the accuracy of the relative length value calculation is improved; by fusing spatial relationship mapping rules with real-time location data, the efficiency of coordinate calculation for non-powered equipment is improved; and by providing dual protection through projection transformation and back projection transformation, the coordinate system consistency of the positioning results is improved.

[0101] Preferably, in step S530, the step of calculating the latitude and longitude coordinates of each unpowered device based on the relative length value and the position data of the tractor includes:

[0102] Step S531: Based on the azimuth angle of the tractor and the relative length value of the unpowered equipment, generate the offset component of the unpowered equipment in the plane coordinate system;

[0103] Step S532: Convert the latitude and longitude coordinates of the tractor vehicle into planar coordinates through Gauss-Kruger projection, superimpose the offset components, and then convert them into latitude and longitude coordinates of the unpowered equipment through Gauss-Kruger back projection.

[0104] For details, see Figure 7 In one embodiment of the present invention, after the tractor acquires azimuth data, the system generates the offset component of the equipment in the planar coordinate system based on the relative length value between the azimuth direction and the unpowered equipment. The offset component calculation follows the spatial propagation characteristics of electromagnetic waves; the east-west component is determined by the sine value association rule, and the north-south component is determined by the cosine value association rule. The real-time latitude and longitude coordinates of the tractor are converted into planar coordinates through Gauss-Kruger projection forward calculation. After superimposing the offset component, the planar coordinate points of the equipment are formed, and finally, the accurate latitude and longitude coordinates of the unpowered equipment are calculated through the Gauss-Kruger inversion transformation process. The entire process adopts a dynamic coordinate mapping mechanism to ensure that the position of the troop equipment is updated in real time. The following is a calculation example:

[0105] Basic conditions: The length of the non-powered trailer is L=3m, and there are a total of 4 non-powered trailers in the group. Now calculate the coordinates of the second trailer.

[0106] 1. Obtain the GPS coordinates of the tractor unit, including longitude λ. b : 103.902115, Latitude Φ b 30.380491, Azimuth H θ : 0;

[0107] 2. Obtain the vehicle length L = 3m;

[0108] 3. Calculate the planar coordinate offset of the second unpowered trailer: X o2 =-2*3*sin(0)=0,Y o2 =-2*3*cos(0)=-6;

[0109] 4. Calculate the plane coordinates of the tractor: (X b Y b = Gauss-Kruger projection (103.902115, 30.380491) = (3387238.932, 538649.927);

[0110] 5. Calculate the planar coordinates of the second unpowered trailer: (X2, Y2) = (3387238.932, 538643.927);

[0111] 6. Calculate the GPS coordinates of the second unpowered trailer: (λ2, Φ2) = Gauss-Kruger back projection (3387238.932, 538643.927) = (103.902115, 30.380436).

[0112] It is understood that this embodiment, through the implementation of the above technical solution, can achieve the following significant beneficial effects: by generating offset components through the trigonometric relationship between azimuth angle and relative length value, the geometric accuracy of position calculation is improved; by using the bidirectional conversion process of Gauss-Krüger projection and back projection, the reliability of coordinate system transformation is improved; and by using the dynamic planar coordinate superposition mechanism, the positioning stability in complex motion scenarios is improved.

[0113] like Figure 8 As shown, a second aspect of the present invention provides a passive Internet of Things (IoT)-based system for binding and locating unpowered devices, comprising:

[0114] The broadcast receiving module receives device identification information broadcast by multiple passive tags through a positioning gateway installed on the tractor vehicle. The passive tags are fixed to the towed non-powered equipment.

[0115] The first generation module processes the device identification information based on preset electromagnetic signal filtering rules to generate a list of bound devices;

[0116] The second generation module generates a grouping order list based on the signal strength data of each passive tag in the bound device list;

[0117] The positioning acquisition module acquires the real-time location data of the tractor, which includes latitude, longitude, and azimuth.

[0118] The position calculation module calculates the absolute position coordinates of each non-powered device based on the grouping order list, pre-stored physical length data of the devices, and the real-time position data, using a spatial relationship model.

[0119] like Figure 9 As shown, a third aspect of the present invention provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the passive Internet of Things-based binding and positioning method for unpowered devices as described in the first aspect.

[0120] A fourth aspect of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a passive Internet of Things (IoT)-based unpowered device binding and positioning processing program, wherein when the passive IoT-based unpowered device binding and positioning program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the passive IoT-based unpowered device binding and positioning method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0121] The processor can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The processor is the control center of the passive IoT-based unpowered device binding and positioning system, connecting various parts of the system's operational devices via various interfaces and lines.

[0122] The memory can be used to store the computer programs and / or modules. The processor, by running or executing the computer programs and / or modules stored in the memory and calling the data stored in the memory, realizes various functions of the passive Internet of Things-based unpowered device binding and positioning system. The memory may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system, at least one application program required for a function (such as sound playback function, image playback function, etc.), etc.; the data storage area may store data created based on the use of the mobile phone (such as audio data, phonebook, etc.). In addition, the memory may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as hard disk, memory, plug-in hard disk, smart media card (SMC), secure digital (SD) card, flash card, at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage device.

[0123] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include at least the following:

[0124] This invention provides a method and system for binding and locating unpowered devices based on passive Internet of Things (IoT). It achieves battery-free power supply by dynamically broadcasting device identification information through passive tags, improving device security and deployment convenience; generates a list of bound devices through electromagnetic signal filtering rules, enhancing the anti-interference capability of device identification; establishes a grouping order list by grouping and sorting signals by signal strength, improving the efficiency of spatial distribution judgment; obtains tractor location data through single-point positioning, reducing system hardware costs; and calculates the absolute position coordinates of grouped devices through a spatial relationship model, improving the positioning accuracy and scheduling efficiency of unpowered devices.

[0125] Furthermore, this invention improves the anti-interference capability of bound device identification through frequency statistics and strength verification collaborative screening; improves the real-time performance of the binding process startup through a vehicle speed threshold-triggered periodic activation mechanism; improves the reliability of bound device signals through two-level signal verification rules; improves the accuracy of grouping order judgment by mapping spatial distribution in descending order of signal strength; improves the accuracy of relative position calculation through collaborative calculation of device order and physical length; improves the geometric accuracy of spatial positioning by generating offset components through azimuth angle trigonometric relationships; and improves the reliability of coordinate system transformation through Gaussian projection and back projection transformation closed loop.

[0126] In summary, this invention solves the technical problems of poor safety, high cost, and insufficient grouping and positioning accuracy caused by battery power supply in existing non-powered equipment.

[0127] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. Equivalent structural transformations made using the description and drawings of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are all included within the scope of patent protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

[0128] It should be noted that the embodiments implemented on the passive Internet of Things-based non-powered device binding and positioning system side can be referenced with the embodiments implemented on the passive Internet of Things-based non-powered device binding and positioning method side, and will not be described in detail in this invention.

[0129] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the patent. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the description and drawings of the present invention, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for binding and locating unpowered devices based on passive Internet of Things (IoT), characterized in that, include: Step S100: Receive device identification information broadcast by multiple passive tags through a positioning gateway installed on the tractor vehicle, wherein the passive tags are fixed to the towed non-powered equipment; Step S200: Process the device identification information based on preset electromagnetic signal filtering rules to generate a list of bound devices, specifically including: Step S210: Count the number of occurrences of each device identification information received within a preset monitoring period, specifically including: Step S211: Collect the driving speed of the tractor in real time through onboard sensors; Step S212: When the driving speed exceeds a preset activation threshold and the duration exceeds a preset duration, activate the preset monitoring period; Step S213: Construct a device identification information-reception count mapping table within the preset monitoring period and update the reception count statistics in real time; Step S220: When the number of occurrences of any device identification information exceeds a preset threshold... When the value is found, the device is marked as a candidate binding device; Step S230: Verify the received signal strength value of the candidate binding device based on preset rules, and add the verified device identification information to the binding device list, specifically including: Step S231: Obtain the received signal strength value sequence of the candidate binding device within the preset monitoring period; Step S232: Perform the first-level strength verification, and proceed to the next verification when the received signal strength of the candidate binding device is continuously higher than the preset strength threshold; Step S233: Perform the second-level stability verification, analyze the fluctuation range of the received signal strength of the candidate binding device, and determine that the verification is passed when the fluctuation range is continuously less than the preset tolerance threshold; Step S300: Generate a grouping order list based on the signal strength data of each passive tag in the bound device list; Step S400: Obtain the real-time location data of the tractor, wherein the real-time location data includes latitude, longitude and azimuth. Step S500: Based on the grouping order list, pre-stored equipment physical length data, and the real-time location data, calculate the absolute position coordinates of each unpowered device using a spatial relationship model. Specifically, this includes: Step S510: Obtain the physical length of the corresponding unpowered device based on the equipment identification information; Step S520: Calculate the relative length value from each unpowered device to the tractor based on the grouping order list and the physical length of the unpowered device; Step S530: Calculate the latitude and longitude coordinates of each unpowered device based on the relative length value and the location data of the tractor.

2. The method for binding and locating passive devices based on passive Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S300, the step of generating a grouping order list based on the signal strength data of each tag in the bound device list includes: Step S310: Obtain the signal strength dataset of each passive tag in the list of bound devices; Step S320: Sort the signal strength dataset in descending order; Step S330: Construct a grouping order list based on the descending order of the results, where the device with the highest signal strength corresponds to the device closest to the tractor, and the device with the lowest signal strength corresponds to the device farthest from the tractor.

3. The method for binding and locating passive devices based on passive Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S530, the step of calculating the latitude and longitude coordinates of each unpowered device based on the relative length value and the position data of the tractor includes: Step S531: Based on the azimuth angle of the tractor and the relative length value of the unpowered equipment, generate the offset component of the unpowered equipment in the plane coordinate system; Step S532: Convert the latitude and longitude coordinates of the tractor vehicle into planar coordinates through Gauss-Kruger projection, superimpose the offset components, and then convert them into latitude and longitude coordinates of the unpowered equipment through Gauss-Kruger back projection.

4. A passive Internet of Things (IoT)-based system for binding and locating unpowered devices, characterized in that, The method applied to any one of claims 1 to 3 includes: The broadcast receiving module receives device identification information broadcast by multiple passive tags through a positioning gateway installed on the tractor vehicle. The passive tags are fixed to the towed non-powered equipment. The first generation module processes the device identification information based on preset electromagnetic signal filtering rules to generate a list of bound devices; The second generation module generates a grouping order list based on the signal strength data of each passive tag in the bound device list; The positioning acquisition module acquires the real-time location data of the tractor, which includes latitude, longitude, and azimuth. The position calculation module calculates the absolute position coordinates of each non-powered device based on the grouping order list, pre-stored physical length data of the devices, and the real-time position data, using a spatial relationship model.

5. A computer device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory, the memory being used to store executable instructions for controlling the processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

6. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

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