Visualizing control of hematoma drainage device into brain and system thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a visual control-direction hematoma puncture and drainage device for brain, which comprises a silica gel drainage tube and a controllable metal puncture core which can be inserted into the tube; a tube wall of a head end of the silica gel drainage tube is provided with a drainage side hole; the controllable metal puncture core at least comprises: a head end joint segment which is composed of at least three metal bone joints through a spherical hinge, and a camera is connected to an end of the head end metal bone joint; and a tail end control segment which comprises a Y-shaped structure provided with an A end and a B end, the A end is connected with a video signal converter, and the B end is provided with an angle selection switch. The device further comprises a double push-pull steel wire transmission system: two nickel-titanium alloy steel wires symmetrically penetrate the bone joints, the distal ends of the two nickel-titanium alloy steel wires are fixed to the tail end bone joint, and the proximal ends of the two nickel-titanium alloy steel wires extend to the B end of the tail end and are wound on coaxial double winding wheels. When the metal bone joints are deflected with the spherical hinge as the shaft, the silica gel drainage tube is passively bent. The device can realize integrated design of puncture, drainage and navigation, and provides a high-precision and intelligent process for intracranial hematoma minimally invasive surgery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a visually controlled intracerebral hematoma puncture and drainage device and system. Background Technology

[0002] Intracranial hematoma aspiration and drainage is a key minimally invasive technique in neurosurgery for the treatment of cerebral hemorrhage. Its core lies in achieving precise puncture localization and safe drainage. Although current techniques have attempted to incorporate visualization-assisted methods, significant limitations still exist. For example, patent publication number CN113951800B discloses a method to achieve zoom observation by changing the curvature lens or adjusting the distance between the eyepiece and objective lens; most existing technologies have the following problems: (1) Passive field of view adjustment: it is necessary to change the lens or manually adjust the optical components, and it is impossible to dynamically adjust the puncture direction in real time during the operation; (2) Functional limitation: the device focuses on channel establishment (such as balloon expansion) or lesion observation, and lacks deep integration with drainage operation. For example, the lens is installed at the front end of the puncture needle, and after removal, an additional step is required to clear the drainage channel; the separate design of the drainage tube and the endoscope leads to the risk of secondary catheter placement damage; (3) Existing devices rely on preoperative image static guidance, lack real-time spatial positioning sensors and intraoperative dynamic obstacle avoidance mechanisms, and there is no real-time feedback of hematoma cavity pressure, so it is impossible to warn of the risk of rebleeding; in addition, due to the independent and dispersed operation of existing devices, the endoscope, puncture needle and drainage device operate separately, and the data cannot be integrated.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a design that can integrate puncture, drainage and navigation to solve the technical problems of passive observation, lack of active control and system fragmentation in existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings and deficiencies of the existing technology, the present invention aims to provide a visualized and directional intracranial hematoma puncture and drainage device and system that can realize the integrated design of puncture, drainage and navigation, and provide a high-precision and intelligent process for minimally invasive surgery of intracranial hematoma.

[0005] The specific technical solution of this invention is as follows:

[0006] This invention provides a visually guided intracerebral hematoma puncture and drainage device, comprising a silicone drainage tube and a guided metal puncture core into which the silicone drainage tube can be inserted; the tip of the silicone drainage tube is an open end, and the tube wall at the tip has 3-5 drainage side holes; the guided metal puncture core includes a head joint segment, a middle connecting segment, and a tail control segment; the head joint segment is composed of at least three metal joints connected in series by a spherical hinge, and a visual camera located at the tip of the metal joint is connected to a visual camera positioned precisely at the head of the silicone drainage tube; the middle connecting segment has a double-layer tube structure, including an outer stainless steel braided layer and an inner polyimide liner, with symmetrically formed steel wire embedding grooves on its tube wall; the tail control segment includes a Y-shaped structure, which has an A end and a B end; the A end is connected to a video signal converter with a Type-A interface, and the B end has a three-position angle selection switch.

[0007] It also includes a double push-pull steel wire transmission system, comprising two flat nickel-titanium alloy steel wires symmetrically passing through three joints, with their distal ends fixed to the end joint and their proximal ends extending to the tail end B and wound around a coaxial double reel. The coaxial double reel is connected to an electrically controlled self-locking unit, which is connected to the three-position angle selection switch. When the metal joints deflect around the spherical hinge, the silicone drainage tube passively bends accordingly.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, a titanium alloy spring sheath is provided at the connection between the joint segment and the middle connecting segment to wrap the nickel-titanium alloy steel wire; at least one of the drainage side holes is opened at the location where the visual camera is blocked, and when the controllable metal puncture core is removed, the drainage side hole at this location is unblocked and becomes an effective drainage hole.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the controllable metal puncture core also integrates a positioning sensor and a depth sensor. The positioning sensor is located at the head joint segment to collect spatial position and angle data; the depth sensor is located at the middle connecting segment to provide real-time feedback on the puncture depth.

[0010] A pressure sensor is provided on the inner wall of the head end of the silicone drainage tube to monitor the pressure in the hematoma cavity.

[0011] Another preferred technical solution is that the inner wall of the silicone drainage tube is provided with 4 longitudinal guide ribs; the end of the silicone drainage tube is connected to a three-way valve, which is provided with an A port for fixing and connecting the drainage tube, a B port for connecting the sterile drainage bag, and a C port for the Y-shaped structure of the puncture core to pass through, and the C port has a built-in silicone seal.

[0012] A second aspect of the present invention also provides a visualized and directional intracerebral hematoma puncture and drainage system, the system including the above-mentioned puncture and drainage device, and further including an intelligent navigation terminal and a multi-protocol data cable connecting the Type-A interface of the puncture and drainage device to the intelligent navigation terminal; the intelligent navigation terminal runs on a computer or intelligent mobile device and includes a real-time signal processing module, a three-dimensional visualization navigation module and an intelligent auxiliary decision-making module;

[0013] The real-time signal processing module includes:

[0014] The communication protocol unit receives sensor data from the puncture device directly via Bluetooth 5.0, Wi-Fi 6, or USB-C, with a transmission latency of <50ms.

[0015] The data processing unit is configured to analyze the raw signals from the positioning sensor, pressure sensor, and depth sensor, eliminate noise through Kalman filtering, and output the three-dimensional spatial coordinates, puncture angle, depth, and hematoma cavity pressure value to the display interface.

[0016] The 3D visualization navigation module includes:

[0017] The medical image fusion unit is configured to import DICOM data from preoperative CT / MRI, reconstruct a three-dimensional model of the brain, and segment the hematoma area;

[0018] The AR projection unit is configured to use the terminal camera to capture the real scene and overlay the spatial relationship between the real-time puncture needle position and the hematoma cavity.

[0019] The dynamic obstacle avoidance unit automatically marks the risk areas of blood vessels / functional areas and generates a correction path based on sudden changes in pressure or abnormal positioning during surgery.

[0020] The intelligent decision-making assistance module includes:

[0021] The AI ​​path planning unit, based on a deep learning model using the PyTorch framework, analyzes historical surgical data to recommend the optimal puncture path.

[0022] The pressure warning unit is configured to trigger an audible and visual alarm when intracranial pressure exceeds a preset threshold or when the resistance gradient is abnormal.

[0023] The operation traceability unit is configured to record the puncture trajectory and operation log throughout the entire process, and supports timestamp playback.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the intelligent navigation terminal further includes a multi-role collaborative management module, which comprises:

[0025] The permission management unit is used to assign operation permissions to different roles, including full-function control permissions for the chief surgeon, view-only operation permissions for the assistant, and data export permissions for the administrator.

[0026] The remote consultation unit transmits surgical images via AES-256 encryption, supporting remote annotation and guidance from experts.

[0027] Based on the above-described inventive principles, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0028] The metal puncture core tip of the visually controlled intracerebral hematoma puncture and drainage device of this invention adopts a three-segment hinge structure at 3cm. It can be controlled in real time through the B-position switch at the tail end to achieve active and precise puncture. Compared with traditional straight puncture, it avoids blood vessels in the basal ganglia region, improves the success rate, and reduces the risk of damage to functional areas.

[0029] The device of the present invention integrates the drainage tube and the puncture core. The head end of the drainage tube is directly blocked by a metal core camera. After removal, a new drainage hole is automatically opened, ensuring the integration of device visualization and drainage depth.

[0030] The intelligent navigation system of this invention has a multi-functional module that realizes signal processing, three-dimensional visualization navigation, dynamic obstacle avoidance and AI path planning; it can monitor the pressure of the hematoma cavity in real time, and set up audible and visual alarms when the threshold is exceeded to reduce the risk of bleeding. The fiber optic depth sensor has high feedback accuracy and avoids penetrating deep tissues. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the visually controlled intracerebral hematoma puncture and drainage device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the controllable metal puncture core of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronically controlled self-locking unit of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the visually controlled intracerebral hematoma puncture and drainage device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the visually controlled intracerebral hematoma puncture and drainage system of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the functional structure of the intelligent navigation terminal of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0037] This invention provides a drainage device that integrates a three-position directional puncture core (15° / 30° / 45°) and a head-end camera. By automatically opening the blocked drainage hole after core removal, it achieves a visualized integrated puncture and drainage operation. Combined with a multi-sensor intelligent navigation system, it can accurately avoid brain functional areas and reduce surgical damage, thereby improving the puncture success rate and shortening the operation time.

[0038] The following examples further illustrate the content of the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the invention. Any modifications or substitutions made to the methods, steps, or conditions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and essence of the invention are within the scope of the invention.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] Figure 1 The illustrated device for visualized controlled intracerebral hematoma puncture and drainage includes a silicone drainage tube 100 and a controlled metal puncture core 200 into which the silicone drainage tube 100 can be inserted.

[0041] The silicone drainage tube 100 has a non-closed end at its head, with 3-5 drainage side holes 102 at the head 101, each with a diameter of 0.5-1mm. The controllable metal puncture core 200 includes a head joint section 201, a middle connecting section 202, and a tail control section 203. The head joint section 201 is composed of at least three metal joints 2011 connected in series by ball hinges 2012. A visual camera 204, positioned precisely at the head of the silicone drainage tube 100, is connected to the end of the metal joint 2011 at the head. The middle connecting section 202 has a double-layer tube structure (outer stainless steel braided layer + inner polyimide liner), with symmetrically symmetrical steel wire embedding grooves (0.15mm deep) on its wall. The tail control section 203 includes a Y-shaped structure with an A end and a B end. The A end is connected to a video signal converter with a Type-A interface, and the B end is equipped with a three-position angle selection switch.

[0042] The device also includes a dual push-pull wire drive system, see reference. Figure 2 It includes two flat nickel-titanium alloy steel wires 206 (0.2×0.5mm cross-section) symmetrically passing through three metal joints 2011, with their distal ends fixed to the distal joint; the proximal ends extend to the tail end B, and are wound around a coaxial double-coil reel 313. A titanium alloy spring sleeve 207 is added at the connection between the joint segment and the middle segment to wrap the flat nickel-titanium alloy steel wires 206 and prevent stress concentration and breakage. The double-coil reel is connected to an electrically controlled self-locking unit, see reference. Figure 3The electronically controlled self-locking unit includes a micro stepper motor 310, a planetary gearbox 311, an angle encoder 312, and a control circuit. The micro stepper motor 310 has a torque of 15 N·cm. The control circuit drives the stepper motor to rotate a predetermined angle according to the gear position signal. The encoder 312 monitors the motor rotation angle in real time and dynamically calibrates the error. The motor 310 drives the coaxial double winding wheel 313 to rotate through the planetary gearbox 311. It precisely tightens the steel wire on one side and releases the other side, driving the metal joint 2011 to deflect around the spherical hinge 2012 as the axis, and the silicone drainage tube 100 passively bends accordingly.

[0043] Bending action description: When the position switch is pushed to position 1, the coaxial double reel rotates counterclockwise; the left wire tightens (shortens by 1.2mm), the right wire releases simultaneously, and the metal joint 2011 deflects by 15°; upon reset, the position switch returns to position 0, the double reel reverses, and the lengths of the wires on both sides return to their initial state. The driving logic of the three-position angle selection switch is as follows: Position 1: Tightens one side of the wire by 1.2±0.1mm, bending the head joint segment by 15°; Position 2: Further tightens by 1.8±0.1mm, bending by 30°; Position 3: Further tightens by 2.4±0.1mm, bending by 45°.

[0044] The specific structure of the head joint segment 201 is as follows: the rear end of each metal segment 2011 has a spherical protrusion that matches the hemispherical groove at the front end of the adjacent metal segment 2011; a titanium alloy pin 2012 passes through the spherical protrusion and the hemispherical groove to restrict the axial rotation of the metal segment 2011.

[0045] At least one of the drainage side holes 102a is opened at the blocking position of the visual camera 204, for reference. Figure 1 After the controllable metal puncture core 200 is removed, the drainage side hole 102a at that location is unblocked and becomes an effective drainage hole.

[0046] refer to Figure 4 In some improved examples, the controllable metal puncture core 200 also integrates a positioning sensor and a depth sensor. The positioning sensor is located at the head joint segment, such as an integrated electromagnetic positioning sensor 221, which collects spatial coordinates ±0.5mm and is used to collect spatial position and angle data. The depth sensor 222 is located at the middle connecting segment and is a fiber optic depth sensor that provides real-time feedback on the puncture depth. The inner wall of the head end of the silicone drainage tube 100 is fitted with a MEMS pressure sensor 223 for monitoring the pressure in the hematoma cavity.

[0047] In one improved example, the inner wall of the silicone drainage tube 100 is provided with four longitudinal guide ribs 103. During the puncture stage, the ribs 103 prevent the puncture core 200 from being vacuum-adhered to the tube wall, ensuring smooth core removal. During the drainage stage (after core removal), the ribs 103 support the lumen to form four drainage channels, which, together with the open side holes 102a, achieve efficient drainage. The end of the silicone drainage tube 100 is connected to a three-way valve 104, which has an A port 511 for fixed connection to the silicone drainage tube 100, a B port 512 for connection to a sterile drainage bag, and a C port 513 for the Y-shaped structure of the controllable metal puncture core 100 to pass through. The C port 513 has a built-in silicone seal to prevent leakage. After the controllable metal puncture core 200 is removed, a rubber stopper can be used to seal the C port.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] A visually controlled intracerebral hematoma puncture and drainage system. Figure 5 As shown, the device includes a puncture and drainage device 1, an intelligent navigation terminal 6, and a Type-A interface 7 connecting the puncture and drainage device 1 to the intelligent navigation terminal 6 via a multi-protocol data cable 9. The intelligent navigation terminal 6 runs on a computer or intelligent mobile device and includes a real-time signal processing module 600, a three-dimensional visualization navigation module 601, an intelligent auxiliary decision-making module 602, and a multi-role collaborative management module 603. (See reference...) Figure 6 .

[0050] The real-time signal processing module includes:

[0051] The communication protocol unit receives sensor data from the puncture device directly via Bluetooth 5.0, Wi-Fi 6, or USB-C, with a transmission latency of <50ms.

[0052] The data processing unit is configured to analyze the raw signals from the positioning sensor, pressure sensor, and depth sensor, eliminate noise through Kalman filtering, and output the three-dimensional spatial coordinates, puncture angle, depth, and hematoma cavity pressure value to the display interface.

[0053] The 3D visualization navigation module includes:

[0054] The medical image fusion unit is configured to import DICOM data from preoperative CT / MRI, reconstruct a three-dimensional model of the brain, and segment the hematoma area;

[0055] The AR projection unit is configured to use the terminal camera to capture the real-world scene and overlay the spatial relationship between the real-time puncture needle position and the hematoma cavity. The AR projection unit supports two modes: screen hovering mode: overlaying a virtual model of the puncture needle on the terminal screen in real time; AR glasses mode: projecting onto the optical lens via Micro-OLED.

[0056] The dynamic obstacle avoidance unit automatically marks the risk areas of blood vessels / functional zones and generates a corrected path based on sudden changes in pressure or abnormal positioning during surgery.

[0057] The intelligent decision-making assistance module includes:

[0058] The AI ​​path planning unit, based on a deep learning model using the PyTorch framework, analyzes historical surgical data to recommend the optimal puncture path.

[0059] The pressure warning unit is configured to trigger an audible and visual alarm when intracranial pressure exceeds a preset threshold or when the resistance gradient is abnormal.

[0060] The operation traceability unit is configured to record the puncture trajectory and operation log throughout the entire process, and supports timestamp playback. The operation log generated by the operation traceability unit includes: timestamped puncture coordinate sequence, pressure warning events and screenshots, and the marked trajectory of remote consultation.

[0061] The multi-role collaborative management module includes:

[0062] The permission management unit is used to assign operation permissions to different roles, including full-function control permissions for the chief surgeon, view-only operation permissions for the assistant, and data export permissions for the administrator.

[0063] The remote consultation unit transmits surgical images via AES-256 encryption, supporting remote annotation and guidance from experts.

[0064] The multi-protocol data cable has a Type-A plug at one end and a three-pronged design at the other end, including Type-B, Type-C, and Lightning connectors.

[0065] Example 3

[0066] Based on Example 2, this example provides further details on the implementation of the intelligent navigation terminal.

[0067] The intelligent navigation terminal runs on an iPad Pro (equipped with an M2 chip), and the software framework is developed using Flutter 3.0 for cross-platform development. The specific configuration is as follows.

[0068] 1. Core Algorithm Implementation:

[0069] 3D rendering engine: Using Unity 2022LTS to import the patient's preoperative CT DICOM data, segment the hematoma area and generate a 3D model of the brain (accuracy ±0.2mm);

[0070] Sensor fusion: Data from the positioning sensor (electromagnetic), depth sensor (fiber optic), and pressure sensor (MEMS) of the puncture device are processed synchronously via ROS2Humble, with a timestamp alignment error of <1ms;

[0071] AI path planning: Based on a 3D-ResNet model trained with PyTorch 1.13, the system takes hematoma volume, location, and vascular distribution data as input and outputs the optimal puncture path (confidence > 92%).

[0072] 2. User operation process:

[0073] Preoperative planning: Drag and drop to upload DICOM file → Automatic segmentation of hematoma area (highlighted in red) and risk vessels (marked in yellow);

[0074] A comparison of the AI-recommended path (green dashed line) and the manually planned path (blue solid line) shows the system's calculated puncture success rate (AI path 98% vs. manual 85%).

[0075] 3. Intraoperative navigation:

[0076] The main interface displays a 3D brain model and the real-time position of the puncture needle on the left (supports two-finger zoom and rotation);

[0077] The right-side instrument panel dynamically updates pressure values ​​(line graph), depth (digital display), and angle (polar coordinate graph);

[0078] Click the AR mode button → call up the camera to capture the surgical field and overlay a virtual model of the puncture needle on the screen (error <1mm).

[0079] 4. Emergency Response:

[0080] When the pressure sensor detects an intracranial pressure >30 mmHg, a full-screen red flashing alarm is triggered and the screen vibrates.

[0081] The dynamic obstacle avoidance unit automatically marks risk areas (such as the anterior branch vessels of the internal capsule) and generates detour paths (purple dashed lines).

[0082] 5. Data security and compatibility:

[0083] Encrypted storage: Surgical data is encrypted with AES-256 and stored in a local SQLCipher database, with patient IDs separated from medical information;

[0084] Hardware expansion: Connect to optical navigation devices (NDIPolaris) and intraoperative ultrasound (SiemensAcuson) via standardized APIs to fuse multi-source positioning data in real time;

[0085] Offline mode: Retains basic navigation functions (3D model preview + direct display of sensor data) when there is no network connection.

[0086] 6. Postoperative management:

[0087] The system automatically generates a PDF report, including the puncture trajectory coordinate set, pressure-time curve, and AR operation screenshots; it is encrypted and synchronized to the hospital's PACS system.

[0088] 7. Verify the data:

[0089] In 50 clinical trials, the AI ​​path planning success rate was 98.7%, compared to 84.2% for the traditional navigation group; the stress warning response delay was 38ms, and the false alarm rate was <0.1%.

[0090] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, the device embodiments are basically similar to the method embodiments, so the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions of the method embodiments.

[0091] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A visually controlled intracerebral hematoma puncture and drainage device, characterized in that, The device includes a silicone drainage tube and a controllable metal puncture core into which the silicone drainage tube can be inserted; the tip of the silicone drainage tube is non-closed, and the tube wall at the tip has 3-5 drainage side holes; the controllable metal puncture core includes a head joint segment, a middle connecting segment, and a tail control segment; the head joint segment is composed of at least three metal segments connected in series by a spherical hinge, and a viewing camera located at the tip of the metal segment is connected to a viewing camera positioned precisely at the tip of the silicone drainage tube; at least one of the drainage side holes is located at the end of the silicone drainage tube. Depending on the location of the camera blockage, after the controllable metal puncture core is removed, the drainage side hole at that location is unblocked and becomes an effective drainage hole; the middle connecting section is a double-layer tube structure, including an outer stainless steel braided layer and an inner polyimide liner, with symmetrically formed steel wire embedding grooves on its tube wall; the tail control section includes a Y-shaped structure, which is divided into an A end and a B end. The A end connects to a video signal converter with a Type-A interface, and the B end is equipped with a three-position angle selection switch; it also includes a double push-pull steel... The wire drive system includes two flat nickel-titanium alloy steel wires symmetrically passing through three joints. The distal end of each wire is fixed to the end joint, and the proximal end extends to end B and is wound around a coaxial double-coil wheel. The coaxial double-coil wheel is connected to an electrically controlled self-locking unit, which is connected to a three-position angle selection switch. When the metal joints deflect around a spherical hinge, the silicone drainage tube passively bends accordingly. A titanium alloy spring sleeve is provided at the connection between the joint segment and the middle connecting segment, wrapping the nickel-titanium alloy steel wire. The spherical hinge has the following structure: the rear end of each metal joint has a spherical protrusion that matches the hemispherical groove at the front end of the adjacent metal joint; a titanium alloy pin passes through the protrusion and groove, restricting the axial rotation of the joint. The electrically controlled self-locking unit includes a micro stepper motor, a planetary gearbox, an angle encoder, and a control circuit. The control circuit drives the micro stepper motor to rotate a predetermined angle according to the position signal. The encoder is mounted on the micro stepper motor. The stepper motor is rigidly connected to the coaxial double-coil wheel through the output shaft of the planetary gearbox.

2. The visually controlled intracerebral hematoma puncture and drainage device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The controllable metal puncture core also integrates a positioning sensor and a depth sensor. The positioning sensor is located at the head joint segment to collect spatial position and angle data; the depth sensor is located at the middle connecting segment to provide real-time feedback on the puncture depth. A pressure sensor is provided on the inner wall of the head end of the silicone drainage tube to monitor the pressure in the hematoma cavity.

3. The visually controlled intracerebral hematoma puncture and drainage device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the silicone drainage tube is provided with 4 longitudinal guide ribs. During the puncture stage, the guide ribs prevent the controllable metal puncture core from being vacuum-adsorbed with the tube wall. Drainage stage: After the puncture core is removed, the guide ribs support the lumen to form a drainage channel; the end of the silicone drainage tube is connected to a three-way valve, which has an A port for fixing and connecting the drainage tube, a B port for connecting the sterile drainage bag, and a C port for the Y-shaped structure of the puncture core to pass through. The C port has a built-in silicone seal.

4. A visually controlled intracerebral hematoma puncture and drainage system, characterized in that, The device includes the puncture and drainage device according to any one of claims 1-2, and further includes an intelligent navigation terminal and a multi-protocol data cable connecting the Type-A interface of the puncture and drainage device to the intelligent navigation terminal; the intelligent navigation terminal runs on a computer or intelligent mobile device and includes a real-time signal processing module, a three-dimensional visualization navigation module and an intelligent auxiliary decision-making module; The real-time signal processing module includes: The communication protocol unit receives sensor data from the puncture device directly via Bluetooth 5.0, Wi-Fi 6, or USB-C, with a transmission latency of <50ms. The data processing unit is configured to analyze the raw signals from the positioning sensor, pressure sensor, and depth sensor, eliminate noise through Kalman filtering, and output the three-dimensional spatial coordinates, puncture angle, depth, and hematoma cavity pressure value to the display interface. The 3D visualization navigation module includes: The medical image fusion unit is configured to import DICOM data from preoperative CT / MRI, reconstruct a three-dimensional model of the brain, and segment the hematoma area; The AR projection unit is configured to use the terminal camera to capture the real scene and overlay the spatial relationship between the real-time puncture needle position and the hematoma cavity. The dynamic obstacle avoidance unit automatically marks the risk areas of blood vessels or functional areas and generates a correction path based on sudden changes in pressure or abnormal positioning during surgery. The intelligent decision-making assistance module includes: The AI ​​path planning unit, based on a deep learning model using the PyTorch framework, analyzes historical surgical data to recommend the optimal puncture path. The pressure warning unit is configured to trigger an audible and visual alarm when intracranial pressure exceeds a preset threshold or when the resistance gradient is abnormal. The operation traceability unit is configured to record the puncture trajectory and operation log throughout the entire process, and supports timestamp playback.

5. The visualized controlled intracerebral hematoma puncture and drainage system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The intelligent navigation terminal also includes a multi-role collaborative management module, which includes: The permission management unit is used to assign operation permissions to different roles, including full-function control permissions for the chief surgeon, view-only operation permissions for the assistant, and data export permissions for the administrator. The remote consultation unit transmits surgical images via AES-256 encryption, supporting remote annotation and guidance from experts.

6. The visualized controlled intracerebral hematoma puncture and drainage system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The AR projection unit supports two modes: screen hovering mode: a virtual model of the puncture needle is superimposed on the terminal screen in real time; AR glasses mode: the puncture needle is projected onto the optical lens via Micro-OLED. The operation log generated by the operation tracing unit includes: timestamped puncture coordinate sequence, pressure warning events and screenshots, and the marked trajectory of remote consultation. One end of the multi-protocol data cable is matched with a Type-A plug, and the other end is designed as a three-pronged structure, including Type-B, Type-C, and Lightning connectors.

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