Instant silicon fertilizer and its preparation method

Abstract

The application provides a kind of instant silicon fertilizer and its preparation method.The instant silicon fertilizer contains the following components by weight percentage: water-soluble silicon source 30-50%, dispersant 1-3%, synergist 3-10%, cosolvent 0.5-2%, stabilizer 1-3%, and the balance is water.The instant silicon fertilizer prepared by the application has high stability, is not easily affected by environmental temperature, can fully exert the fertilizer efficiency, and improve the absorption of effective components by crops;when applied in growth tests of crops, it can increase stem diameter, avoid lodging, has good resistance to powdery mildew, downy mildew and the like, can prevent diseases, and to some extent, increase yield.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fertilizer technology, and in particular relates to a fast-dissolving silicon fertilizer and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Silicon is an essential element for crop growth and development. By forming a siliceous layer in plant epidermal cells, it can enhance the physical barrier against pests and diseases, while also promoting photosynthesis and nutrient absorption, thus improving the quality, yield, and resistance of crops such as rice, cucumber, and grape.

[0003] Traditional silicon fertilizers are mostly made from sodium silicate and potassium silicate, but their aqueous solutions are prone to polymerization reactions due to changes in temperature and pH, forming insoluble silica precipitates. This makes them difficult for plants to effectively absorb and utilize, thus affecting their fertilizer efficacy. Furthermore, existing silicon fertilizers suffer from slow dissolution rates and low absorption efficiency, leading to poor resistance and inhibited growth in crops during periods of high pest and disease incidence due to delayed formation of the silica layer, making them vulnerable to diseases such as powdery mildew and downy mildew.

[0004] Therefore, developing a fast-dissolving silicon fertilizer and its preparation method, improving the stability and resistance of silicon fertilizer, and regulating crop growth are of great significance for enhancing the application effect of silicon fertilizer. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for preparing fast-dissolving silicon fertilizer, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a fast-dissolving silicon fertilizer and its preparation method. The fast-dissolving silicon fertilizer, by weight percentage, comprises the following components in the following weight percentages: 30-50% water-soluble silicon source, 1-3% dispersant, 3-10% synergist, 0.5-2% cosolvent, 1-3% stabilizer, and the balance being water.

[0007] The synergist is a mixture of ethoxylated modified polytrisiloxane and modified chitosan oligosaccharide.

[0008] As a further improvement, the synthesis of the modified chitosan oligosaccharide includes the following steps:

[0009] Soy protein isolate and chitosan oligosaccharide were added to a flask, mixed and dissolved with distilled water, and then the pH was adjusted to 8-9 with an alkaline solution. The mixture was stirred at a constant temperature of 60-90℃ until the reaction was completed. After post-processing, modified chitosan oligosaccharide was obtained.

[0010] As a further improvement, the molecular weight of the chitosan oligosaccharide is 2000-5000.

[0011] As a further improvement, the mass ratio of the ethoxylated modified polytrisiloxane to the modified chitosan oligosaccharide is 1.5-3:1.

[0012] As a further improvement, the water-soluble silicon source is at least one of potassium silicate, sodium silicate, and sodium metasilicate.

[0013] For better fertilizer efficiency, the water-soluble silicon source is preferably potassium silicate.

[0014] As a further improvement, the co-solvent is at least one of citric acid, tartaric acid, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.

[0015] To make silicon fertilizer more suitable for the soil environment, the co-solvent is preferably tartaric acid.

[0016] As a further improvement, the stabilizer is at least one of potassium humate, sodium humate, and potassium fulvate.

[0017] For better stabilization and fertilizer efficiency, the stabilizer is preferably potassium humate.

[0018] As a further improvement, the dispersant is at least one of calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium lignosulfonate, Tween-80, and sodium pyrophosphate.

[0019] For better compatibility and dispersion, the dispersant is preferably calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate.

[0020] This invention also provides a method for preparing fast-dissolving silicon fertilizer, comprising the following steps:

[0021] By weight percentage, water-soluble silicon source, dispersant, and co-solvent are added to water and mixed at 30-40℃. Then, synergist and stabilizer are added in sequence and mixing is continued. After mixing is completed, the mixture is post-treated, concentrated, and dried to obtain fast-dissolving silicon fertilizer.

[0022] As a further improvement, the concentration and drying temperature is 110-130°C, and the process is stopped when the moisture content is ≤20wt%.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] The quick-dissolving silicon fertilizer prepared by the method provided in this invention has high stability. No crystals precipitate or form sediment at low temperatures, and no sedimentation, turbidity, layering, or gelation occurs at high temperatures. It is not easily affected by ambient temperature, allowing it to fully exert its fertilizer effect and improve the absorption of effective components by crops. In growth trials on cucumbers, it can increase stem diameter, prevent lodging, and exhibit good resistance to powdery mildew and downy mildew, preventing diseases and promoting healthy crop growth, thereby increasing yield to some extent. Furthermore, modification of chitosan oligosaccharides can enhance the resistance of the quick-dissolving silicon fertilizer, and its combination with ethoxylated modified polytrisiloxane as a synergist can further regulate growth when applied to crops. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be described below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be noted that the following embodiments are examples of the present invention and are used only to illustrate the invention, not to limit it. Other combinations and various modifications within the scope of the present invention can be made without departing from its spirit or scope.

[0026] In the following examples, except for the modified chitosan oligosaccharide, all other compound monomers and related reagents used were commercially available. The ethoxylated trisiloxane was purchased from Anhui Mingyi Silicon Industry Co., Ltd., model number MY 2000; the chitosan oligosaccharide was purchased from Hubei Xinghengye Technology Co., Ltd.; the soybean protein isolate was purchased from Jiangsu Jiujia Biotechnology Co., Ltd., product number 03241640; the commercially available silicon fertilizer was purchased from Shandong Xinmaoyuan Chemical Co., Ltd., product number 001; and the polyether-modified polytrisiloxane was purchased from Shenzhen Jipeng Silicon Fluorine Materials Co., Ltd., model number SH-245.

[0027] The synthesis of modified chitosan oligosaccharides includes the following steps:

[0028] Add 20g of soy protein isolate and 5g of chitosan oligosaccharide to a flask, mix and dissolve with 500mL of distilled water for 30min, then adjust the pH to 8 with 1mol / L sodium hydroxide solution, and stir at 80℃ for 12h. After the reaction is complete, cool to room temperature, place the mixture at -20℃ for vacuum freeze drying, grind into powder, and obtain modified chitosan oligosaccharide.

[0029] The preparation methods of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 include the following steps:

[0030] Based on a total mass of 200g of water-soluble silicon source, dispersant, synergist, cosolvent, stabilizer, and water, the water-soluble silicon source, dispersant, and cosolvent are added to water by weight percentage and mixed at 35°C. Then, the synergist and stabilizer are added sequentially and mixing continues. After mixing is completed, the mixture is cooled to room temperature, filtered, and the filtrate is collected. The filtrate is dried at 120°C and concentrated until the moisture content is 20wt%, thus obtaining a fast-dissolving silicon fertilizer.

[0031] The components and their contents used in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 are shown in Table 1 below:

[0032] Table 1

[0033]

[0034] The fast-dissolving silicon fertilizers prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were subjected to stability tests, and the specific methods are as follows:

[0035] Low temperature test: Place the sample at 0℃ for 7 days, then restore it to room temperature and observe whether there is crystal precipitation or sedimentation.

[0036] High temperature test: Place the sample in a constant temperature chamber at 40℃ for 7 days and observe whether there is precipitation, turbidity, layering or gelation.

[0037] The test results are shown in Table 2:

[0038] Table 2

[0039] Example 1 No crystal precipitation or sedimentation. No precipitation, turbidity, layering, or gelation. Example 2 No crystal precipitation or sedimentation. No precipitation, turbidity, layering, or gelation. Example 3 No crystal precipitation or sedimentation. No precipitation, turbidity, layering, or gelation. Comparative Example 1 Slight sedimentation was observed. Slight sedimentation and stratification were observed. Comparative Example 2 Slight sedimentation was observed. Slight stratification Comparative Example 3 Slight sedimentation was observed. Slight stratification

[0040] The quick-dissolving silicon fertilizers prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3, as well as commercially available silicon fertilizer (control group), were used to conduct growth experiments on cucumber seedlings. The stem diameter, resistance during the flowering period, and average yield per plant (i.e., the number of cucumbers produced per seedling, expressed as a unit) were measured 20 days after planting. The specific experimental methods are as follows:

[0041] Experimental area setup: Seven different experimental groups were set up according to Examples 1-3, Comparative Examples 1-3, and commercially available silicon fertilizer (control group). Cucumber seedlings of the Jinyou 35 variety were used, and the experiments were conducted in a greenhouse in April on cucumber fields that had been continuously cropped for more than two years. The planting area of ​​each experimental group was 1.5 m². 2 Planting is carried out using a raised bed method, with a raised bed height of about 0.3m and a plant spacing of 0.2m. Each area is separated from the adjacent small areas by a 50cm×20cm field ridge.

[0042] Fertilization method: Dilute the quick-dissolving silicon fertilizer prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 with water at a mass ratio of 1:300. Dilute commercially available silicon fertilizer with water at a mass ratio of 1:300. Spray the diluted silicon fertilizer evenly on the soil in the test area at a spraying rate of 3 kg / 1.5 m². 2 Then, cucumber seedlings are planted. After planting, the cucumber seedlings are maintained and watered in the usual way. Fertilizer is applied once during the initial flowering period and once during the peak fruiting period of the cucumber. The fertilization method is as follows: dissolve 7g of the quick-dissolving silicon fertilizer prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 in 2L of water, and dissolve 7g of commercially available silicon fertilizer in 2L of water for drip irrigation.

[0043] The test results are shown in Table 3:

[0044] Table 3

[0045]

[0046] As can be seen from the test results of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 in Table 2, compared with using only ethoxy-modified polytrisiloxane as a synergist, or using ethoxy-modified polytrisiloxane and chitosan oligosaccharide as synergists, or using polyether-modified polytrisiloxane and modified chitosan oligosaccharide as synergists in the preparation of quick-dissolving silicon fertilizer, the quick-dissolving silicon fertilizer prepared using ethoxy-modified polytrisiloxane and modified chitosan oligosaccharide as synergists has better stability. There is no crystal precipitation or sedimentation at low temperatures, and no precipitation, turbidity, layering or gelation at high temperatures. It has stable performance, is not easily affected by ambient temperature, can give full play to fertilizer efficiency, and improve the absorption of effective ingredients by crops.

[0047] As can be seen from the test results of Examples 1-3, Comparative Examples 1-3, and the control group in Table 3, the quick-dissolving silicon fertilizer prepared by this invention, when applied to cucumber growth experiments, can improve stem diameter and resistance to powdery mildew and downy mildew, promote growth, reduce disease losses, and enhance the absorption of nutrients, thereby increasing crop yield to a certain extent. Compared with commercially available silicon fertilizer, the quick-dissolving silicon fertilizer prepared by this invention has better resistance, is almost free of powdery mildew and downy mildew, has healthier leaves, and improves stem diameter and yield to a certain extent.

[0048] The test results of Examples 1-3 show that the quick-dissolving silicon fertilizer prepared by the method provided by the present invention has high stability. No crystals precipitate or settle at low temperatures, and no precipitation, turbidity, layering, or gelation occurs at high temperatures. It is not easily affected by ambient temperature and can fully exert its fertilizer effect. When applied to crop growth trials, it can increase stem diameter, avoid lodging, and has good resistance to powdery mildew, downy mildew, etc., which can prevent diseases and is more conducive to the healthy growth of crops, thus increasing yield to a certain extent. Furthermore, the comparison of the test results of Examples 1 and Examples 2-3 in Table 3 shows that when the mass ratio of ethoxylated modified polytrisiloxane to modified chitosan oligosaccharide is within a suitable range, the quick-dissolving silicon fertilizer prepared has higher resistance, and thus the crop's stem diameter, yield, and other growth performance are also better.

[0049] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it. They should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fast-dissolving silicon fertilizer, characterized in that, Based on a weight percentage of 100%, it contains the following components in weight percentage: 30-50% water-soluble silicon source, 1-3% dispersant, 3-10% synergist, 0.5-2% cosolvent, 1-3% stabilizer, and the balance being water; The synergist is a mixture of ethoxylated modified polytrisiloxane and modified chitosan oligosaccharide, and the mass ratio of ethoxylated modified polytrisiloxane to modified chitosan oligosaccharide is 1.5-3:

1. The synthesis of the modified chitosan oligosaccharide includes the following steps: Soy protein isolate and chitosan oligosaccharide were added to a flask, mixed and dissolved with distilled water, and then the pH was adjusted to 8-9 with an alkaline solution. The mixture was stirred at a constant temperature of 60-90℃ until the reaction was completed. After post-processing, modified chitosan oligosaccharide was obtained.

2. The quick-dissolving silicon fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The molecular weight of the chitosan oligosaccharide is 2000-5000.

3. The quick-dissolving silicon fertilizer and its preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water-soluble silicon source is at least one of potassium silicate, sodium silicate, and sodium metasilicate.

4. The quick-dissolving silicon fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The co-solvent is at least one of citric acid, tartaric acid, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.

5. The quick-dissolving silicon fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stabilizer is at least one of potassium humate, sodium humate, and potassium fulvate.

6. The quick-dissolving silicon fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dispersant is at least one of calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium lignosulfonate, Tween-80, and sodium pyrophosphate.

7. A method for preparing a fast-dissolving silicon fertilizer according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: By weight percentage, water-soluble silicon source, dispersant, and co-solvent are added to water and mixed at 30-40℃. Then, synergist and stabilizer are added in sequence and mixing is continued. After mixing is completed, the mixture is post-treated and concentrated and dried at 110-130℃ until the moisture content is ≤20wt%, thus obtaining fast-dissolving silicon fertilizer.

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