Anti-sliding support for longwall face with large dip angle and large mining height

Abstract

The anti-inclination and anti-skid support for large-inclination and large-mining-height strike longwall working face belongs to the technical field of coal mining, and comprises a roof beam and a base. The roof beam is connected with the base through lifting columns. One end of the roof beam is provided with a shield beam, which is connected with the base through connecting rods. Side guard plates are arranged on both sides of the roof beam. Side guard ball devices are arranged on the side guard plates. Slides are arranged below the side guard ball devices on the bottom of both sides of the roof beam. Balance adjusters are slidably arranged on the slides. Lateral support base devices are arranged on both sides of the base. The dynamic gravity center is adjusted, the rolling friction is designed, and the active hydraulic support is used, so that the stability of the large-inclination and large-mining-height working face is significantly improved, the support resistance is reduced, the support adjusting time is shortened, the problems of support inclination, sliding and roof leakage are effectively solved, and safe and efficient mining is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal mining technology, and in particular to anti-tipping and anti-slip supports for longwall working faces with steep inclination and high mining height. Background Technology

[0002] In coal mining operations, steeply inclined coal seams refer to those with a dip angle between 35° and 55°, while high-seam coal seams refer to those with a seam height greater than 3.6m. When using the strike-longwall mining method to mine steeply inclined and high-seam coal seams, the large dip angle, thick coal seam, and small support width-to-height ratio make hydraulic supports prone to slippage and overturning. Furthermore, support squeezing and biting phenomena can easily occur between supports, making it difficult for the hydraulic supports to efficiently exert their working resistance. This leads to problems such as roof collapse accidents, slow face advance, and reduced production.

[0003] In the prior art, Chinese patent CN201202485Y discloses a high-extraction hydraulic support. Its main features include increasing the beam end distance to prevent the top cutting beam of the coal mining machine from using a telescopic beam, controlling the beam end distance and the roof in front of the support to prevent roof collapse; employing an adjustable-length wall protection mechanism, a flexible rock-blocking curtain, and fully enclosed double-movable side guards to prevent loose coal chunks and falling rock from entering the support and injuring personnel or damaging equipment. The top beam is equipped with a double-acting upward adjustment device, and the base is equipped with a double-acting forward and backward adjustment device to increase the support's stability and adaptability to coal seam dip angles; increasing the balancing jack force, especially the tensile force, enhances the support's adaptability to rock roofs; and increasing the space behind the pillars to ensure safe pedestrian access.

[0004] Although the aforementioned hydraulic supports achieve beam end distance control and stability improvement through telescopic beam mechanism, wall protection mechanism and double-acting adjustment device (upward adjustment, forward and backward adjustment), the following shortcomings still exist in actual use: their anti-tipping and anti-slip relies on fixed adjustment device (such as up / down adjustment jacks), and the center of gravity cannot be adjusted in real time according to the tilt angle; and the use of rigid side guard plates between supports results in large frictional resistance when moving the supports, making it difficult to overcome the problem of support squeezing or biting.

[0005] In the prior art, Chinese patent CN218669416U discloses a gob-side protection structure for a fully mechanized longwall mining face with a large dip angle and thick coal seam. The structure includes a support frame within the roadway. The support frame comprises several legs and several crossbeams arranged longitudinally along the roadway. The legs are positioned close to the high side slab, with their bottom ends supported on the floor adjacent to the high side slab, and their top ends extending upwards to the roof. The crossbeams are located between the legs and the low side slab, with their left ends connected to the legs and their right ends extending horizontally to the roof adjacent to the low side slab and connected to the roof. Adjacent legs are detachably connected via connectors. A safety passage is formed by the legs, crossbeams, and low side slab. This support structure, by arranging several legs longitudinally along the roadway from the high side slab, with their bottom ends supported on the floor slab and their top ends supported on the roof, and crossbeams supporting the legs and roof, together forming a frame, provides gob-side protection for large dip angle and high mining face. The support structure is simple and easy to install.

[0006] Although the above-mentioned support structure is suitable for roadway support by forming a safe passage with telescopic outriggers and crossbeams, it still has the following shortcomings in actual use: this structure is a passive support, without a hydraulic drive device, and cannot actively provide anti-tipping and anti-slip support force; and it does not have a rolling friction design, which cannot reduce the resistance of moving the support and makes it difficult to ensure the moving stability of the hydraulic support at the working face. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as the lack of a dynamic center of gravity adjustment mechanism, poor stability, and difficulty in movement, and to provide an anti-tipping and anti-slip support for longwall working faces with large inclination angles and high mining heights.

[0008] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: an anti-tipping and anti-slip support for longwall working faces with large inclination angles and high mining heights, comprising a top beam and a base; the top beam can be connected to the base via a lifting column, one end of which is connected to the top beam, and the other end of which is connected to the base; a shield beam is provided at one end of the top beam, one end of which is hinged to the end of the top beam, and the other end of which is connected to the base via a connecting rod, one end of which is connected to the end of the shield beam, and the other end of which is connected to the end of the base; the top beam has two sides respectively... The base is equipped with side guard plates, each with a side guard ball bearing device. Slides are located below the side guard ball bearing devices on the bottom of both sides of the top beam. A balance adjuster is slidably mounted on the slides, capable of moving along the slide's trajectory and fixed in position by bolts. Lateral support base devices are located on both sides of the base. Each lateral support base device includes a lateral pushing device and a lateral pushing ball bearing device. One end of the lateral pushing device is connected to the side of the base, and the other end is connected to the side of the lateral pushing ball bearing device.

[0009] The balance adjuster described in this invention can move and be fixed along the slide rail, dynamically adjusting the center of gravity of the support according to the coal seam dip angle, significantly improving stability. The side-protecting ball bearing device and the lateral pushing ball bearing device, through rolling friction design, reduce the resistance of the support movement, decrease friction between supports and between the supports and the base plate, making the support movement smoother. The lateral support base device provides active hydraulic support force, and together with the balance adjuster and the side-protecting ball bearing device, forms a multi-dimensional anti-tipping and anti-slip system, effectively improving the overall stability of this invention.

[0010] A further improvement of the present invention is that the side guard ball device and the lateral pushing ball device have the same structure, including a steel plate and balls. A plurality of balls are provided, which are spaced apart and movably embedded in the steel plate. The steel plate is connected to the side guard plate by bolts or to the end of the lateral pushing device by a connector.

[0011] The side-protecting ball bearing device and the lateral pushing ball bearing device described in this invention adopt the same structure, achieving a standardized structural design that facilitates manufacturing, maintenance, and replacement. The balls are evenly distributed on the steel plate, achieving efficient rolling friction, reducing the contact area, minimizing friction loss, and extending the device's lifespan. The steel plate is fixed with bolts or connectors, adaptable to the installation requirements of different components.

[0012] A further improvement of the present invention is that the lateral support base device includes two lateral pushing devices and one lateral pushing ball device. The two lateral pushing devices are respectively disposed at both ends of the side of the base, and one end of the two lateral pushing devices is respectively connected to both ends of the side of the base, and the other end of the two lateral pushing devices is respectively connected to both ends of the side of the lateral pushing ball device.

[0013] The two lateral pushing devices described in this invention are symmetrically arranged to provide uniform lateral support force, ensuring bidirectional support stability and preventing the base from tilting or slipping due to uneven force distribution. The lateral pushing ball bearing device works in conjunction with the two jacks to dynamically adjust the support force according to the coal seam dip angle, adapting to complex working conditions.

[0014] A further improvement of the present invention is that the lifting column is a hydraulic cylinder, the extended end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the bottom side of the top beam, and the fixed end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the top side of the base.

[0015] The hydraulic cylinder, acting as a lifting column, achieves stepless adjustment of the top beam height through hydraulic control, thus enabling precise height adjustment to adapt to different mining height requirements. The hinged design at both ends of the hydraulic cylinder absorbs pressure fluctuations from the roof plate, thereby reducing the risk of structural deformation.

[0016] A further improvement of the present invention is that the lateral pushing device is a jack, the fixed end of which is connected to the side of the base, and the extended end of the jack is connected to the side of the lateral pushing ball device.

[0017] The jack, acting as a lateral pushing device, actively provides support force to counteract the lateral sliding force caused by the coal seam dip angle. The jack is linked with the lateral pushing ball bearing device to ensure that the support force and the direction of movement are consistent during the frame relocation process, thus improving operational safety.

[0018] A further improvement of the present invention is that the slide and the side of the top beam adopt an integral structure.

[0019] The slide rail and top beam are an integral structure, reducing connection gaps, enhancing resistance to deformation, and extending the service life of the support. This integral structure avoids the installation errors of a split slide rail, ensuring the straightness and stability of the balance adjuster's movement trajectory.

[0020] A further improvement of the present invention is that the slide rail is provided with a number of bolt holes for installing balance adjusters at intervals.

[0021] The slide rail is equipped with bolt holes at intervals, allowing the balance adjuster to be fixed in multiple positions to accommodate center of gravity adjustment needs at different tilt angles. The pre-set positions of the bolt holes reduce the workload of on-site measurement and drilling, improving installation efficiency.

[0022] A further improvement of the present invention is that several balance regulators are provided.

[0023] The multiple balancing regulators work together to disperse roof pressure, avoid stress concentration at single points, and enhance the overall stability of the support. When the balancing regulators are arranged symmetrically, they can further balance the load on both sides of the support, adapting to the asymmetric stress environment of steeply inclined coal seams.

[0024] A further improvement of the present invention is that the connecting rod is a hydraulic rod, the fixed end of which is hinged to the end of the base, and the extended end of which is hinged to the end of the shield beam.

[0025] The hydraulic rod, acting as a connecting rod, can automatically adjust its length according to changes in mining height and roof pressure, maintaining the stability of the four-bar linkage. The hinged design of the hydraulic rod ensures that roof pressure is evenly transmitted to the base through the connecting rod, reducing the risk of localized overload.

[0026] A further improvement of the present invention is that the anti-tipping and anti-slip bracket is arranged inclinedly along the working surface, and the balance adjuster, the side protection ball device are installed at a high position on the side of the top beam, and the lateral support base device is installed at a high position on the side of the base.

[0027] The balance adjuster, side ball bearing device, and lateral support base device are centrally installed on the high side, matching the center of gravity distribution of the support frame to maximize the anti-tipping and anti-slip effect. When the support frame is inclined along the working surface, the reinforced support on the high side effectively resists the downward trend and reduces the risk of tipping over.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0029] 1. The balance adjuster described in this invention can dynamically adjust its position along the slide rail. Combined with the high-position installation design, it optimizes the center of gravity distribution of the support in real time, effectively resisting the tilting moment of coal seams with large inclination angles, thereby improving stability. The lateral support base device provides bidirectional hydraulic thrust through double jacks, and in conjunction with the rolling friction of the ball bearing device, actively counteracts the coal seam slippage force, greatly improving anti-slip capability. The side protection ball bearing device and the high-position installed side protection plate work together to reduce the lateral squeezing force between supports, avoid support biting, and improve the accuracy of tilt angle deviation control.

[0030] 2. The rolling friction design of the side-support ball bearing device and the lateral pushing ball bearing device described in this invention significantly reduces the resistance of the frame movement and shortens the frame movement time. The hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic rod enable dynamic extension and retraction of the top beam and shield beam, adapting to complex working conditions with various mining heights and inclination angles. The integrated structure of the slide and top beam, the standardized ball bearing device, and the pre-set bolt holes support rapid installation and adjustment, adapting to changes in working face geological conditions.

[0031] 3. The hinged design of the multiple balance adjusters and hydraulic rods described in this invention disperses the roof pressure, avoids single-point stress concentration, and greatly extends the structural lifespan. The key components (balance adjusters, side support balls, and lateral support devices) are centrally installed on the high side, aligned with the coal seam dip angle, maximizing anti-tipping and anti-slip performance. The hydraulic system's linkage control of the columns, jacks, and hydraulic rods ensures coordinated movement of the support structure and reduces the risk of operational errors.

[0032] 4. The side-protection ball bearing device and the lateral pushing ball bearing device described in this invention share a common structure, reducing the types of spare parts and significantly lowering maintenance costs. The bolt connection and pre-set mounting holes support rapid on-site adjustment, shortening maintenance time and improving production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1This is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the lateral pushing ball device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a diagram demonstrating the working state of a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Top beam; 2. Protective beam; 3. Base; 4. Column; 5. Connecting rod; 6. Lateral support base device; 7. Balance adjuster; 8. Slide rail; 9. Side guard plate; 10. Side guard ball bearing device; 11. Lateral pushing device; 12. Lateral pushing ball bearing device; 13. Steel plate; 14. Ball bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of this invention more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specific embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this patent, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this patent.

[0039] Now refer to Figure 1 and 3 The following is a description of a specific embodiment: The anti-tipping and anti-slip support for a longwall working face with a large inclination angle and high mining height, as described in this invention, includes a top beam 1 and a base 3. The top beam 1 can be connected to the base 3 via a lifting column 4. One end of the lifting column 4 is connected to the top beam 1, and the other end of the lifting column 4 is connected to the base 3. A protective beam 2 is provided at one end of the top beam 1. One end of the protective beam 2 is hinged to the end of the top beam 1, and the other end of the protective beam 2 can be connected to the base 3 via a connecting rod 5. One end of the connecting rod 5 is connected to the end of the protective beam 2, and the other end of the connecting rod 5 is connected to the end of the base 3. Side guards are respectively provided on both sides of the top beam 1. The plate 9 and the side guard plate 9 are provided with side guard ball bearing devices 10, and the bottom of both sides of the top beam 1 are respectively provided with slide rails 8 located below the side guard ball bearing devices 10; a balance adjuster 7 is slidably provided on the slide rail 8. The balance adjuster 7 can be a counterweight component and can move along the trajectory of the slide rail 8 and be fixed in position by bolts; the two sides of the base 3 are respectively provided with lateral support base devices 6. The lateral support base device 6 includes a lateral pushing device 11 and a lateral pushing ball bearing device 12. One end of the lateral pushing device 11 is connected to the side of the base 3, and the other end of the lateral pushing device 11 is connected to the side of the lateral pushing ball bearing device 12.

[0040] In a long-walled working face with a large inclination angle and high extraction height, multiple anti-tipping and anti-slip supports are arranged along the inclination of the working face, with the side-protecting ball bearing devices 10 and lateral support base devices 6 of adjacent supports close to each other. Before moving the support, the lateral support base device 6 of the next support can support the lateral support base device 6 of the previous support, and the side-protecting ball bearing device 10 of the next support can support the side-protecting ball bearing device 10 of the previous support. This ensures that the previous support will not tip over and can slide smoothly forward along the side-protecting ball bearing device 10 and the lateral pushing ball bearing device 12. This not only achieves anti-tipping and anti-slip of the support, but also makes it easier to move the support.

[0041] The top beam 1 of the anti-tipping and anti-slip support is connected to the base 3 via a lifting column 4. When the support height needs to be adjusted to adapt to different mining heights, the extension and retraction of the lifting column 4 can be controlled. One end of the column is connected to the top beam 1, and the other end is connected to the base 3, thereby raising or lowering the top beam 1. A shield beam 2 at one end of the top beam 1 is hinged at one end to the end of the top beam 1, and the other end is connected to the base 3 via a connecting rod 5. This ensures that when the support is subjected to pressure from the top plate, the shield beam 2 and the connecting rod 5 can effectively transmit the pressure to the base 3, guaranteeing the overall stability of the support. Side protection ball bearing devices 10 are installed on the side guard plates 9 on both sides of the top beam 1. During the movement of the support, the side protection ball bearing devices 10 reduce friction with adjacent supports, making the movement smoother. Simultaneously, balance adjusters 7 are slidably installed on the slide rails 8 at the bottom of both sides of the top beam 1. These balance adjusters 7 can be moved along the track of the slide rail 8 to a suitable position according to the inclination angle of the working face and the stress on the support, and then fixed with bolts to adjust the center of gravity of the support and prevent it from tipping over. The lateral support base devices 6 on both sides of the base 3 include a lateral pushing device 11, one end of which is connected to the side of the base 3 and the other end of which is connected to the side of the lateral pushing ball device 12. The lateral pushing device 11 can push the lateral pushing ball device 12 to provide lateral support force for the bracket and prevent the bracket from sliding down.

[0042] Through the above design, the support can adapt to complex working environments with large inclination angles and high mining heights. The adjustability of the lifting column 4 allows the support to flexibly adapt to different mining heights, improving its versatility and applicability. The side support ball bearing device 10 reduces frictional resistance during support movement, lowers energy consumption, and improves movement efficiency. The balance adjuster 7 adjusts the support's center of gravity, and the lateral support base device 6 provides lateral support force, greatly enhancing the support's anti-tipping and anti-slip capabilities, ensuring safe production at the working face.

[0043] For details, please refer to the appendix. Figure 2 The side guard ball bearing device 10 and the lateral pushing ball bearing device 12 have the same structure, including a steel plate 13 and balls 14. Several balls 14 are provided, and the balls 14 are arranged at intervals and movably embedded in the steel plate 13. The steel plate 13 is connected to the side guard plate 9 by bolts or to the end of the lateral pushing device 11 by a connector.

[0044] The side guard ball bearing device 10 and the lateral pushing ball bearing device 12 adopt the same structure, consisting of a steel plate 13 and a number of spaced-apart balls 14 movably embedded in the steel plate 13. In actual operation, when the support moves or is subjected to lateral force, the balls 14 will roll on the steel plate 13. The steel plate 13 is connected to the side guard plate 9 by bolts or to the end of the lateral pushing device 11 by connectors. In this way, during the movement of the support, the rolling of the balls 14 can effectively reduce friction with other components.

[0045] This identical structural design facilitates manufacturing and maintenance, reducing production costs and maintenance complexity. The rolling friction of the ball bearings 14, compared to sliding friction, significantly reduces frictional force, allowing for smoother movement and adjustment of the bracket, improving its operational flexibility, reducing component wear, and extending component lifespan.

[0046] For details, please refer to the appendix. Figure 2 The lateral support base device 6 includes two lateral pushing devices 11 and one lateral pushing ball device 12. The two lateral pushing devices 11 are respectively disposed at both ends of the side of the base 3, and one end of the two lateral pushing devices 11 is connected to both ends of the side of the base 3, and the other end of the two lateral pushing devices 11 is connected to both ends of the side of the lateral pushing ball device 12.

[0047] The lateral support base device 6 includes two lateral pushing devices 11 and one lateral pushing ball device 12. The two lateral pushing devices 11 are respectively disposed at both ends of the side of the base 3, with one end connected to both ends of the side of the base 3 and the other end connected to both ends of the side of the lateral pushing ball device 12. When the support needs to resist lateral force, the two lateral pushing devices 11 can act simultaneously or separately to push the lateral pushing ball device 12, providing a more stable and balanced lateral support force for the support.

[0048] The use of two lateral pushing devices 11 ensures more uniform lateral support force, preventing the support from tilting or sliding due to insufficient support on one side. This dual-sided support method enhances the stability of the support in steep working surfaces, improves its anti-slip capability, and further ensures the safety of the working surface.

[0049] Specifically, the lifting column 4 is a hydraulic cylinder, the extended end of which is hinged to the bottom side of the top beam 1, and the fixed end of which is hinged to the top side of the base 3.

[0050] The lifting column 4 employs a hydraulic cylinder, with its extended end hinged to the bottom side of the top beam 1 and its fixed end hinged to the top side of the base 3. By injecting or discharging hydraulic oil into the cylinder, its extension and retraction can be controlled, thereby adjusting the height of the top beam 1. The hinged connection allows the top beam 1 a certain amount of room to move during ascent or descent, accommodating unevenness and slight angle changes in the roof.

[0051] The hydraulic cylinder serves as the lifting column 4, featuring high load-bearing capacity and high control precision. It can accurately adjust the height of the top beam 1 to adapt to different mining height requirements. The hinged connection increases the flexibility and adaptability of the support, allowing it to better fit the roof, improving the roof support effect, and reducing damage to the support caused by uneven roof surfaces.

[0052] Specifically, the lateral pushing device 11 is a jack, the fixed end of which is connected to the side of the base 3, and the extended end of the jack is connected to the side of the lateral pushing ball device 12.

[0053] The lateral pushing device 11 is a jack, with its fixed end connected to the side of the base 3 and its extended end connected to the side of the lateral pushing ball device 12. When it is necessary to provide lateral support force for the support, the extension and retraction of the jack can be controlled by the hydraulic system. When the jack extends, it pushes the lateral pushing ball device 12, causing it to contact the side wall of the adjacent support or working surface, thereby generating lateral support force.

[0054] By using jacks as lateral pushing devices 11, a large lateral support force can be provided, and their extension and retraction can be precisely controlled by a hydraulic system, allowing for timely adjustment of the support force according to actual conditions. This enables the support to better resist lateral forces in steeply inclined working surfaces, preventing the support from slipping and improving its stability and safety.

[0055] Specifically, the anti-tipping and anti-slip bracket is arranged at an incline along the working surface, and the balance adjuster 7 and the side protection ball device 10 are installed at a high position on the side of the top beam 1, and the lateral support base device 6 is installed at a high position on the side of the base 3.

[0056] The anti-tipping and anti-slip bracket is arranged inclined along the working surface, with the balance adjuster 7 and the side protection ball bearing device 10 installed at a high position on the side of the top beam 1, and the lateral support base device 6 installed at a high position on the side of the base 3. In a steeply inclined working surface, the balance adjuster 7 at the high position can shift the center of gravity of the bracket upwards by adjusting its position, increasing the stability of the bracket. The side protection ball bearing device 10 at the high position can better reduce friction, making the bracket move more smoothly. The lateral support force provided by the lateral support base device 6 at the high position can better resist the tendency of the bracket to slide down.

[0057] This arrangement fully utilizes the inclined characteristics of the working face, enhancing the anti-tipping and anti-slip capabilities of the support by installing key components at high positions. The balance adjuster 7's adjustment of the center of gravity, the friction reduced by the side protection ball bearing device 10, and the lateral support force provided by the lateral support base device 6 work together to ensure the stability of the support in working faces with large inclination angles and high extraction heights, thus guaranteeing safe production at the working face.

[0058] In one embodiment, the slide 8 and the side of the top beam 1 are integrally structured.

[0059] The slide rail 8 and the side of the top beam 1 are integrally structured, meaning that the slide rail 8 and the top beam 1 are an inseparable whole. When the balance adjuster 7 slides on the slide rail 8, due to the stability of the overall structure, the slide rail 8 can better bear the weight of the balance adjuster 7 and the force generated during movement, ensuring that the balance adjuster 7 can move smoothly on the slide rail 8.

[0060] The overall structure enhances the connection strength and stability between the slide rail 8 and the top beam 1, reducing malfunctions caused by loosening or deformation of the connection points. Simultaneously, this structure allows for smoother movement of the balance adjuster 7, improving the accuracy and reliability of its adjustment of the support's center of gravity, and further strengthening the support's anti-tipping capability.

[0061] In one embodiment, the slide 8 is provided with a plurality of bolt holes at intervals for mounting the balance adjuster 7.

[0062] The slide rail 8 is provided with a number of bolt holes at intervals for installing the balance adjuster 7. When adjusting the center of gravity of the bracket, the balance adjuster 7 can be moved to the appropriate bolt hole position as needed, and then the balance adjuster 7 can be fixed to the slide rail 8 with bolts.

[0063] The bolt holes provide multiple fixed positions for the balance adjuster 7, allowing for flexible adjustment based on different working surface inclination angles and support stress conditions to achieve optimal center of gravity adjustment. This flexible installation method enhances the support's adaptability to various working conditions and strengthens its stability.

[0064] In one embodiment, the balance regulator 7 is provided in several parts.

[0065] The aforementioned balance adjuster 7 is provided in multiple units, which work together on the slide rail 8. When the support needs to adjust its center of gravity, the positions of multiple balance adjusters 7 can be adjusted simultaneously or separately according to the actual situation, so that the center of gravity of the support can be adjusted more precisely.

[0066] The inclusion of multiple balance adjusters 7 increases the flexibility and accuracy of center of gravity adjustment. In steeply inclined working surfaces, the balance adjusters 7 at different positions can be adjusted specifically according to the stress conditions of various parts of the support, enabling the support to maintain better stability under complex working conditions and effectively preventing the support from tipping over.

[0067] Specifically, the connecting rod 5 is a hydraulic rod, the fixed end of which is hinged to the end of the base 3, and the extended end of which is hinged to the end of the shield beam 2.

[0068] The connecting rod 5 is a hydraulic rod, with its fixed end hinged to the end of the base 3 and its extended end hinged to the end of the shield beam 2. By injecting or releasing hydraulic oil into the hydraulic rod, its extension and retraction can be controlled, thereby adjusting the position and angle of the shield beam 2. When the support is subjected to changes in pressure from the top plate, the hydraulic rod can automatically adjust its length to maintain the stability of the four-bar linkage consisting of the shield beam 2 and connecting rod 5.

[0069] Using a hydraulic rod as connecting rod 5, the length can be automatically adjusted according to changes in roof pressure, ensuring the four-bar linkage remains stable and better transmits roof pressure. The hinged connection increases the flexibility of connecting rod 5 and shield beam 2, allowing the support to better adapt to roof undulations and changes, thus improving the support effect and stability.

[0070] The operating principle of this invention is as follows: Multiple anti-tipping and anti-slip supports are designed collaboratively in multiple dimensions to achieve anti-tipping, anti-slip, and efficient support movement in working faces with large inclination angles and high mining heights. Specifically, the balance adjuster 7 moves and is fixed along the slide rail 8, adjusting the support's center of gravity in real time according to the coal seam inclination angle to counteract the tilting moment; the side-protection ball bearing device 10 and the lateral pushing ball bearing device 12 convert sliding friction into rolling friction through the rolling of the balls 14, significantly reducing the resistance to support movement; the double jacks of the lateral support base device 6 provide bidirectional hydraulic thrust, and combined with the high-position installation design, actively resist the coal seam sliding force; the shield beam 2 and the connecting rod 5 are hinged to form a four-bar linkage mechanism, evenly transmitting the roof load and enhancing the overall stability of the support; key components (balance adjuster 7, side-protection ball bearing device 10, and lateral pushing ball bearing device 12) are concentrated on the high side of the support, consistent with the inclination direction, maximizing the anti-tipping and anti-slip efficiency.

[0071] The balance adjuster 7 described in this invention can move along the slide rail 8, adapting to various inclination angles and precisely controlling the inclination angle deviation. The double jacks of the lateral support base device 6 provide a large thrust, thereby improving the anti-tipping and anti-slip capability of the support. The side protection ball bearing device 10 reduces lateral compression force, avoids frame jamming, and further improves the control accuracy of the inclination angle deviation. The side protection ball bearing device 10 and the lateral pushing ball bearing device 12 effectively reduce the resistance of frame movement, greatly shortening the single frame movement time. The column 4 and connecting rod 5 use hydraulic cylinders and hydraulic rods, which can realize dynamic adjustment of the height of the top beam 1, thereby adapting to different mining height changes. The standardized ball bearing device, pre-set bolt holes, and integral structure slide rail 8 support rapid installation and adjustment, which not only reduces maintenance costs and shortens maintenance time, but also adapts to changes in geological conditions. Key components are concentrated on the high side, consistent with the coal seam dip direction, maximizing the anti-tipping and anti-slip performance. Multiple balance adjusters 7 and hydraulic rods disperse roof pressure, reducing single-point stress and extending structural life. The hydraulic system links and controls the column 4, jacks, and hydraulic rods, ensuring coordinated movement of the frame and support actions, and reducing operational risks.

[0072] This anti-tipping and anti-slip support breaks through the stability bottleneck of traditional hydraulic supports in steep and high mining faces by using three core technologies: dynamic center of gravity adjustment, active hydraulic support, and rolling friction optimization. It achieves technological breakthroughs in improving stability, doubling support transfer efficiency, and adapting to complex working conditions, thus providing a guarantee for safe and efficient coal mining.

[0073] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An anti-tipping and anti-slip support for longwall working faces with steep inclination and high mining height, comprising a top beam (1) and a base (3), characterized in that, The top beam (1) can be connected to the base (3) via a lifting column (4). One end of the lifting column (4) is connected to the top beam (1), and the other end of the lifting column (4) is connected to the base (3). A protective beam (2) is provided at one end of the top beam (1). One end of the protective beam (2) is hinged to the end of the top beam (1), and the other end of the protective beam (2) can be connected to the base (3) via a connecting rod (5). One end of the connecting rod (5) is connected to the end of the protective beam (2), and the other end of the connecting rod (5) is connected to the end of the base (3). Connection; Side guard plates (9) are respectively provided on both sides of the top beam (1), and side guard ball devices (10) are provided on the side guard plates (9), and slides (8) located below the side guard ball devices (10) are respectively provided on the bottom of both sides of the top beam (1); a balance adjuster (7) is slidably provided on the slide (8), and the balance adjuster (7) can move along the trajectory of the slide (8) and be fixed in position by bolts; a lateral support base device (6) is respectively provided on both sides of the base (3), and the lateral support base device (6) includes a lateral support. The device includes a pushing device (11) and a lateral pushing ball device (12). One end of the lateral pushing device (11) is connected to the side of the base (3), and the other end of the lateral pushing device (11) is connected to the side of the lateral pushing ball device (12). The lateral pushing ball device (10) and the lateral pushing ball device (12) have the same structure, including a steel plate (13) and balls (14). Several balls (14) are provided, and the balls (14) are arranged at intervals and movably embedded in the steel plate (13). The steel plate (13) is connected by... Bolts are connected to the side guard plate (9) or to the end of the lateral pushing device (11) via connectors; the lateral support base device (6) includes two lateral pushing devices (11) and one lateral pushing ball device (12). The two lateral pushing devices (11) are respectively located at both ends of the side of the base (3), and one end of the two lateral pushing devices (11) is connected to both ends of the side of the base (3), and the other end of the two lateral pushing devices (11) is connected to both ends of the side of the lateral pushing ball device (12).

2. The anti-tipping and anti-slip support for longwall working faces with large dip angles and high mining heights according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting column (4) is a hydraulic cylinder. The extended end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the bottom side of the top beam (1), and the fixed end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the top side of the base (3).

3. The anti-tipping and anti-slip support for longwall working faces with large dip angles and high mining heights according to claim 1, characterized in that... The lateral pushing device (11) is a jack. The fixed end of the jack is connected to the side of the base (3), and the extended end of the jack is connected to the side of the lateral pushing ball device (12).

4. The anti-tipping and anti-slip support for longwall working faces with large dip angles and high mining heights according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sides of the slide (8) and the top beam (1) are made of an integral structure.

5. The anti-tipping and anti-slip support for longwall working faces with large dip angles and high mining heights according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slide (8) is provided with several bolt holes at intervals for installing the balance adjuster (7).

6. The anti-tipping and anti-slip support for longwall working faces with large dip angles and high mining heights according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several balance regulators (7) are provided.

7. The anti-tipping and anti-slip support for longwall working faces with large dip angles and high mining heights according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting rod (5) is a hydraulic rod, the fixed end of which is hinged to the end of the base (3), and the extended end of which is hinged to the end of the shield beam (2).

8. The anti-tipping and anti-slip support for longwall working faces with large dip angles and high mining heights according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-tipping and anti-slip brackets are arranged at an angle along the working surface, and the balance adjuster (7), the side protection ball device (10) are installed at a high position on the side of the top beam (1), and the lateral support base device (6) is installed at a high position on the side of the base (3).

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