Air turbine type power generation device using wave energy

Abstract

The application discloses an air turbine type power generation device, in particular to an air turbine type power generation device using wave energy to generate electricity, and belongs to the technical field of wave energy utilization equipment design and manufacturing. The air turbine type power generation device can effectively improve the flow field and flow state characteristics of oscillating air flow, and effectively improve the power generation efficiency. The air turbine type power generation device comprises a floating arrangement base, an oscillating air chamber and an air turbine generator body, the air turbine generator body is connected with the oscillating air chamber, the oscillating air chamber arranged on the floating arrangement base outputs a pressurized power generation air flow under the cooperation of waves, and the air turbine type power generation device further comprises a pressurized air flow composite adjusting mechanism, the pressurized power generation air flow output by the oscillating air chamber is adjusted at least once in flow field, flow state and / or flow rate through the pressurized air flow composite adjusting mechanism, and the air turbine generator body drives power generation through the input of the adjusted pressurized power generation air flow.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an air turbine power generation device, and more particularly to an air turbine power generation device that utilizes wave energy, belonging to the field of wave energy utilization equipment design and manufacturing technology. Background Technology

[0002] With energy depletion and increasing environmental pollution, the development and utilization of renewable and clean energy has become an urgent task. Among them, wave energy is receiving increasing attention due to its high energy flux density, large reserves, and green and pollution-free nature, leading to the emergence of many different types of wave energy power generation devices.

[0003] Among them, the tuned liquid column wave energy generation device has become a popular choice due to its simple design. This device is a passive control system based on the principle of liquid sloshing, which converts the motion of oil platforms or offshore wind turbine floating foundations into the oscillating motion of a liquid column. This generates a reciprocating airflow in the port chamber, driving the turbine at the outlet to rotate and thus generating wave energy. However, there are areas for improvement: 1. During the periodic oscillation of the tuning liquid column, reciprocating airflow motion is excited within the U-tube. This alternating flow field forces the turbine rotor to rotate in the opposite direction, resulting in frequent start-stop conditions and making it impossible to form a stable unidirectional torque output; 2. From the perspective of turbine structure, turbine rotors mostly use airfoil blades. When the incoming flow velocity and angle of attack are too large, the airflow will separate from the suction surface of the blade and generate vortices at the trailing edge, causing the blade lift to suddenly decrease and resulting in a "stall" phenomenon, which seriously affects the energy capture efficiency of the turbine; 3. From the perspective of flow field characteristics, turbines exhibit a "hysteresis" phenomenon in reciprocating flow, meaning they have different efficiencies during the acceleration and deceleration phases of the airflow.

[0004] How to effectively utilize the acceleration and deceleration characteristics of the flow field, overcome the stall phenomenon caused by the angle of attack of the flow velocity, and eliminate the frequent start-stop of the turbine drive rotor in order to improve the turbine efficiency is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an air turbine power generation device that can effectively improve the flow field and flow characteristics of oscillating airflow and effectively improve power generation efficiency by utilizing wave energy.

[0006] The technical solution adopted to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is: an air turbine power generation device that utilizes wave energy to generate electricity, including a floating foundation, an oscillating air chamber, and an air turbine generator body. The air turbine generator body is connected to the oscillating air chamber. The oscillating air chamber, which is arranged on the floating foundation, outputs pressurized power generation airflow in cooperation with waves. The air turbine power generation device also includes a pressurized airflow composite regulation mechanism. The pressurized power generation airflow output by the oscillating air chamber is adjusted in terms of flow field, flow state, and / or flow rate at least once by the pressurized airflow composite regulation mechanism. The air turbine generator body is driven to generate electricity by inputting the adjusted pressurized power generation airflow.

[0007] Furthermore, the air turbine power generation device also includes an intelligent control system, with the air turbine generator body and the pressurized airflow composite regulation mechanism both connected to the intelligent control system; the floating foundation is an offshore oil production platform or an offshore wind power platform.

[0008] The preferred embodiment of the above scheme is that the intelligent control system includes at least a flow velocity sensor, a data acquisition instrument, a central control processor, and a human-machine interface. The flow velocity sensor, data acquisition instrument, human-machine interface, pressurized airflow compound adjustment mechanism, and air turbine generator body are all connected to the central control processor. The adjustment state of the pressurized power generation airflow output from the oscillating air chamber is monitored, controlled, and displayed by the flow velocity sensor and data acquisition instrument in cooperation with the central control processor and human-machine interface.

[0009] Furthermore, the oscillating chamber includes a U-shaped water column oscillating tube and a generator mounting chamber. The air turbine generator body is arranged in the generator mounting chamber, which is located at the top of the two vertical sub-tubes of the U-shaped water column oscillating tube. The pressurized power generation airflow input end of the air turbine generator body is connected to the inner cavity of the two vertical sub-tubes of the U-shaped water column oscillating tube through the generator mounting chamber. The oscillating chamber is arranged on a floating foundation through the horizontal sub-tube of the U-shaped water column oscillating tube. The pressurized power generation airflow is generated through the U-shaped water column oscillating tube in conjunction with the floating foundation and the oscillating waves. The pressurized power generation airflow generated in the U-shaped water column oscillating tube is adjusted in terms of its flow field and flow state by at least the pressurized airflow composite regulation mechanism set on the U-shaped water column oscillating tube, under the monitoring and control of the flow velocity sensor and data acquisition instrument.

[0010] The preferred embodiment of the above scheme is that the U-shaped water column oscillating tube also includes two arc transition sub-tubes. The two ends of the horizontal sub-tube are each connected to two vertical sub-tubes through an arc transition sub-tube. The pressurized airflow compound adjustment mechanism includes at least two large-belt structures. A large-belt structure is respectively set in the middle of the wall of each vertical sub-tube located inside the U-shaped structure. The pressurized power generation airflow adjusts its flow field and flow state through the two large-belt structures under the monitoring and control of the flow velocity sensor and data acquisition instrument.

[0011] Furthermore, the generator mounting chamber includes two generator working chambers, with one generator working chamber connected to the inner cavity of the corresponding vertical sub-tube arranged at the top of each of the two vertical sub-tubes; the air turbine generator body includes two air turbine generators, with one air turbine generator arranged in each generator working chamber; the pressurized airflow compound regulation mechanism also includes paddles, with an air vent set at the top of each generator working chamber, and a set of paddles set on each air vent. The pressurized generator airflow entering and exiting each air turbine generator is regulated by the paddles arranged on the corresponding air vents, and its driving flow is regulated under the monitoring and control of the flow rate sensor and data acquisition instrument.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the air turbine power generation device further includes a stall regulation structure. Each air turbine generator includes at least a stator assembly, a rotor assembly, and a blade assembly. The stator assembly and the rotor assembly are arranged on the frame of the air turbine generator in a mutually adaptive manner. The pressurized power generation airflow passes through the blade assembly and the stall regulation structure, and generates electricity while driving the rotor assembly to rotate around the stator assembly under the monitoring and control of the flow velocity sensor and the data acquisition instrument.

[0013] Furthermore, the stator assembly includes an upper stator and a lower stator, and the rotor assembly is movably arranged on the frame via the upper and lower stators. The blade assembly includes at least airfoil blades, and the stall adjustment structure includes at least trailing edge vents on the airfoil blades. The airfoil blades are arranged circumferentially on the rotor assembly. The pressurized power generation airflow stably drives the rotor assembly to rotate and generate electricity through the airfoil blades in cooperation with the trailing edge vents. During the power generation process, the flow state of the pressurized power generation airflow is readjusted and controlled again by monitoring and controlling the working state of the airfoil blades in cooperation with the flow velocity sensor, data acquisition instrument, and central control processor.

[0014] The preferred embodiment of the above scheme is that the blade assembly also includes guide vanes, and guide vanes are respectively provided on the upper stator and the lower stator along the circumferential direction. The stall adjustment structure also includes a bending transition mechanism provided on the end of the guide vane near the rotor assembly. The pressurized power generation airflow passes through the bending transition mechanism on the guide vane and is obliquely incident on the airfoil blade surface at a specified angle of attack to drive the rotor assembly to rotate and generate electricity.

[0015] Furthermore, an elastic connecting rod is also provided on the airfoil blade, and the airfoil blade is flexibly arranged on the rotor assembly in the circumferential direction through the elastic connecting rod.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The technical solution provided in this application is based on the existing floating arrangement foundation, oscillating air chamber, and air turbine generator body. Combining the connection between the air turbine generator body and the oscillating air chamber, and the arrangement characteristics of the oscillating air chamber on the floating arrangement foundation, this application's air turbine power generation device is constructed by adding a pressurized airflow composite regulation mechanism. The pressurized power generation airflow output from the oscillating air chamber undergoes at least one adjustment in flow field, flow regime, and / or flow rate through the pressurized airflow composite regulation mechanism. The air turbine generator body is driven to generate electricity by inputting the adjusted pressurized power generation airflow. This effectively solves the problem of frequent start-stop operations of the air turbine generator caused by alternating flow field changes in the prior art. By adopting the pressurized airflow composite regulation mechanism of this application, the flow field, flow regime, and / or flow rate of the pressurized power generation airflow are adjusted in advance before driving the air turbine generator body to generate electricity. This effectively improves the flow field and flow regime characteristics of the oscillating airflow, thereby achieving the goal of effectively improving power generation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the air turbine power generation device that utilizes wave energy to generate electricity according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the top flap structure of the air chamber involved in the air turbine power generation device that utilizes wave energy in this invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the air turbine generator involved in the air turbine power generation device that utilizes wave energy to generate electricity according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the airfoil blades involved in the air turbine power generation device that utilizes wave energy in this invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the air turbine power generation device that utilizes wave energy to improve blade stall according to the present invention. Figure 6 The turbine efficiency curves of the air turbine power generation device that utilizes wave energy to generate electricity under different reciprocating flow cycles are shown in the present invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the water column flowing down in the air turbine power generation device that utilizes wave energy according to the present invention. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the reciprocating airflow generated by the air turbine power generation device that utilizes wave energy to generate electricity according to the present invention.

[0018] The following are labeled in the diagram: Vertical sub-tube 1, Horizontal sub-tube 2, Arc transition sub-tube 3, Large belly structure 4, Power generation working chamber 5, Air turbine generator 6, Lug 7, Vent 8, Rotor assembly 9, Upper stator 10, Lower stator 11, Airfoil blade 12, Trailing edge vent 13, Guide vane 14, Bent-down transition mechanism 15, Elastic connecting rod 16. Detailed Implementation

[0019] like Figures 1 to 8 The invention illustrates an air turbine power generation device that utilizes wave energy to effectively improve the flow field and flow regime characteristics of oscillating airflow and thus enhance power generation efficiency. The air turbine power generation device includes a floating foundation, an oscillating air chamber, and an air turbine generator body. The air turbine generator body is connected to the oscillating air chamber. The oscillating air chamber, situated on the floating foundation, outputs pressurized power generation airflow in conjunction with waves. The air turbine power generation device also includes a pressurized airflow composite regulation mechanism. The pressurized power generation airflow output from the oscillating air chamber undergoes at least one adjustment in flow field, flow regime, and / or flow rate through this mechanism. The air turbine generator body generates electricity by inputting the adjusted pressurized power generation airflow. The technical solution provided in this application is based on the existing floating foundation, oscillating air chamber, and air turbine generator body. Combining the connection between the air turbine generator body and the oscillating air chamber, and the arrangement characteristics of the oscillating air chamber on the floating foundation, a pressurized airflow composite regulation mechanism is added to construct the air turbine power generation device of this application. The pressurized power generation airflow output from the oscillating air chamber undergoes at least one adjustment in flow field, flow regime, and / or flow rate through the pressurized airflow composite regulation mechanism. The air turbine generator body is driven to generate electricity by inputting the adjusted pressurized power generation airflow. This effectively solves the problem of frequent start-stop operations of the air turbine generator caused by alternating flow field changes in the existing technology. By adopting the pressurized airflow composite regulation mechanism of this application, the flow field, flow regime, and / or flow rate of the pressurized power generation airflow are adjusted in advance before driving the air turbine generator body to generate electricity. This effectively improves the flow field and flow regime characteristics of the oscillating airflow, thereby achieving the goal of effectively improving power generation efficiency. In light of existing technologies, the air turbine power generation device of this application also includes an intelligent control system. Both the air turbine generator body and the pressurized airflow composite regulation mechanism are connected to the intelligent control system; the floating foundation is an offshore oil production platform or an offshore wind power platform. More specifically, the intelligent control system includes at least a flow velocity sensor, a data acquisition instrument, a central control processor, and a human-machine interface. The flow velocity sensor, data acquisition instrument, human-machine interface, pressurized airflow composite regulation mechanism, and air turbine generator body are all connected to the central control processor. The adjustment state of the pressurized power generation airflow output from the oscillating air chamber is monitored, controlled, and displayed through the flow velocity sensor and data acquisition instrument in conjunction with the central control processor and the human-machine interface.

[0020] Accordingly, as one of the main structural improvements in this application, in order to improve the control effect of flow field, flow state and / or flow rate, while minimizing the improvements made on the basis of existing equipment to facilitate manufacturing, installation and subsequent maintenance, the oscillating air chamber of this application includes a U-shaped water column oscillating tube and a generator mounting air chamber. The air turbine generator body is arranged in the generator mounting air chamber, which is arranged at the top of the two vertical sub-tubes 1 of the U-shaped water column oscillating tube. The pressurized power generation airflow input end of the air turbine generator body is connected to the inner cavity of the two vertical sub-tubes 1 of the U-shaped water column oscillating tube through the generator mounting air chamber. The oscillating air chamber is arranged on a floating foundation through the horizontal sub-tube 2 of the U-shaped water column oscillating tube. The pressurized power generation airflow is generated through the U-shaped water column oscillating tube in conjunction with the floating foundation and the oscillating waves. The pressurized power generation airflow generated in the U-shaped water column oscillating tube is adjusted in terms of flow field and flow state by at least the pressurized airflow composite adjustment mechanism set on the U-shaped water column oscillating tube under the monitoring and control of the flow velocity sensor and data acquisition instrument. In this preferred manner, the U-shaped water column oscillating tube further includes two arc transition sub-tubes 3. The two ends of the horizontal sub-tube 2 are respectively connected to two vertical sub-tubes 1 through an arc transition sub-tube 3. The pressurized airflow compound adjustment mechanism includes at least two large-belt structures 4. A large-belt structure 4 is respectively provided in the middle of the wall of the inner side of each vertical sub-tube in the U-shaped structure. The pressurized power generation airflow adjusts its flow field and flow state through the two large-belt structures 4 under the monitoring and control of the flow velocity sensor and the data acquisition instrument. In accordance with the structure of the U-shaped water column oscillating tube, the generator mounting chamber of this application includes two generator working chambers 5. At the top of each of the two vertical sub-tubes 1, a generator working chamber 5 communicating with the inner cavity of the corresponding vertical sub-tube is arranged. The air turbine generator body includes two air turbine generators 6, and one air turbine generator 6 is arranged in each generator working chamber 5. The pressurized airflow compound adjustment mechanism also includes paddles 7. At the top of each generator working chamber 5, there is a vent 8. A set of paddles 7 is arranged on each vent 8. The pressurized generator airflow entering and exiting each air turbine generator 6 is adjusted by the paddles 7 arranged on the corresponding vents, and the driving flow rate is adjusted under the monitoring and control of the flow rate sensor and the data acquisition instrument.

[0021] Furthermore, in order to solve the technical problems of stall and hysteresis in existing air turbine generators, the air turbine power generation device described in this application also includes a stall adjustment structure. Combined with the structural characteristics that each air turbine generator 6 includes at least a stator assembly, a rotor assembly 9, and a blade assembly, and the stator assembly and rotor assembly are arranged in mutually adaptive positions on the frame of the air turbine generator 6; the pressurized power generation airflow passes through the blade assembly and the stall adjustment structure, and generates electricity by driving the rotor assembly to rotate around the stator assembly under the monitoring and control of the flow velocity sensor and data acquisition instrument. More specifically, the stator assembly includes an upper stator 10 and a lower stator 11, and the rotor assembly 9 is movably arranged on the frame via the upper stator 10 and the lower stator 11. The blade assembly includes at least an airfoil blade 12, and the stall adjustment structure includes at least a trailing edge air hole 13 disposed on the airfoil blade 12. The airfoil blade 12 is arranged circumferentially on the rotor assembly 9. The pressurized power generation airflow stably drives the rotor assembly 9 to rotate and generate electricity through the airfoil blade 12 in cooperation with the trailing edge air hole 13. During the power generation process, the flow state of the pressurized power generation airflow is readjusted and controlled by monitoring and controlling the working state of the airfoil blade 12 in cooperation with the flow velocity sensor, data acquisition instrument and central control processor. Meanwhile, to address the hysteresis problem of existing air turbine generators, the blade assembly further includes guide vanes 14. Guide vanes 14 are respectively provided on the upper stator 10 and the lower stator 11 along the circumferential direction. The stall adjustment structure also includes a bent transition mechanism 15 provided on one end of the guide vane 14 near the rotor assembly. The pressurized power generation airflow passes through the bent transition mechanism 15 on the guide vane 14 and is obliquely incident on the airfoil blade surface at a specified angle of attack to drive the rotor assembly 9 to rotate and generate electricity. Preferably, an elastic connecting rod 16 is also provided on the airfoil blade 12, and the airfoil blade 12 is flexibly arranged on the rotor assembly 9 along the circumferential direction through the elastic connecting rod 16.

[0022] The technical solution of this application will be further described below through specific embodiments: To address the shortcomings of the aforementioned back-end technology, this invention provides an air turbine-type wave energy generation device that combines improved stall and adaptability to flow field characteristics. It improves the turbine's operating efficiency from both turbine structure and flow field characteristics, thereby achieving more efficient energy capture.

[0023] The device includes an oscillating water column U-shaped tube, left and right air chambers, two air turbines embedded in the air chambers, and an intelligent control subsystem.

[0024] The oscillating water column U-shaped pipe includes a horizontal pipe section, a bend pipe section, and a vertical pipe section, and the internal medium is water.

[0025] The oscillating water column U-shaped pipe can be placed on the floating foundation of an oil production platform or offshore wind power to generate an oscillating water column and reciprocating airflow by means of the movement of the floating body.

[0026] The top of the air chamber is equipped with a flow regulation device, which uses a flow velocity sensor to detect the flow velocity in real time and transmits the feedback signal to the intelligent control system to dynamically adjust the airflow.

[0027] The cross-sectional area of ​​the airflow channel in the air chamber should be larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the air turbine structure; at the same time, it should be smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the U-shaped tube of the oscillating water column.

[0028] The air turbine chosen is the Wells turbine, which has a "self-rectifying" characteristic, capable of generating torque in a single direction even in bidirectional reciprocating airflow, maintaining unidirectional rotor rotation, and ensuring the stability and continuity of turbine rotational power generation.

[0029] In terms of turbine structure, the stall of airfoil blades is caused by the fact that when the angle of attack of the airflow exceeds the critical value, the effective area of ​​the blade pressure surface increases, while the boundary layer flow of the suction surface separates, forming large-scale turbulent vortices. Significant vortex shedding occurs in the trailing edge region of the suction surface, leading to a sharp deterioration in the aerodynamic performance of the blade, manifested as a sharp drop in the lift coefficient and a sharp increase in the drag coefficient, which in turn significantly reduces the energy conversion efficiency of the turbine.

[0030] The device of this invention improves turbine stall through structural innovation, specifically in the following aspects: 1. The guide vane near the rotor region adopts a curved plate transition structure design, which causes the airflow to be deflected when it flows through this region, and is incident obliquely onto the airfoil blade surface at a specific angle of attack, avoiding the flow separation phenomenon caused by the airflow being perpendicular to the blade.

[0031] 2. The blades are connected to the hub by an elastic linkage mechanism, which can passively and adaptively adjust the blade angle of attack according to the size of the incoming flow, effectively reducing the instantaneous angle of attack, delaying flow separation and reducing pressure drag, and effectively improving stall characteristics.

[0032] 3. The blade trailing edge is equipped with tiny through-holes. When the angle of attack exceeds the critical value, the pressure difference between the pressure surface and the suction surface drives the airflow through the through-holes, which enhances the directional flow at the blade trailing edge, effectively suppresses the generation of trailing edge vortices, and reduces energy dissipation.

[0033] Regarding flow field characteristics, the turbine exhibits a "hysteresis" phenomenon in bidirectional reciprocating airflow, meaning that the turbine's efficiency is lower in the acceleration phase than in the deceleration phase, exhibiting a counterclockwise closed loop curve. Furthermore, the width of this loop gradually decreases as the flow period of the bidirectional reciprocating airflow increases. This results in higher efficiency during the acceleration phase, with a longer flow period, and higher efficiency during the deceleration phase.

[0034] The device of the present invention can adapt to the reciprocating airflow generated by the U-shaped tube. The specific technical means are as follows: When the air velocity meter detects airflow acceleration, the intelligent control system drives the flap at the top of the air chamber to retract, appropriately reducing the airflow and extending the duration of the acceleration phase.

[0035] When the air velocity meter detects that the airflow is slowing down, the intelligent control system drives the flap at the top of the air chamber to expand, appropriately increasing the airflow and shortening the duration of the slowdown phase.

[0036] By intelligently controlling the airflow and velocity, the flow cycle of the acceleration section is extended and the flow cycle of the deceleration section is shortened, thus maintaining a high-efficiency operating state throughout the entire flow cycle and effectively improving the energy conversion efficiency of the turbine.

[0037] Example 1 To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and an actual embodiment.

[0038] Appendix Figures 1-3 The structure of the device of the present invention is described in general.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an air turbine wave energy generation device that combines improved stall and adaptable flow field characteristics provided by the present invention. The device includes: an oscillating water column U-shaped tube, a left air chamber, a right air chamber, a left air chamber air turbine, and a right air chamber air turbine.

[0040] The device of this invention can be placed on the floating foundation of an oil production platform or offshore wind power. Under the action of waves, the reciprocating motion of the floating foundation drives the water column in the U-shaped tube to oscillate, and generates bidirectional compressed airflow in the air chambers on both sides, thereby driving the air turbine in the air chamber to rotate and generate electricity.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the oscillating water column U-shaped pipe includes a horizontal pipe section, a left-side curved pipe section, a right-side curved pipe section, a left-side vertical pipe section, and a right-side vertical pipe section. Among them, the left-side curved pipe section, the right-side curved pipe section, and the horizontal pipe section are pipe sections with a constant cross-section and a square cross-section; the left-side vertical pipe section and the right-side vertical pipe section are pipe sections with a variable cross-section, presenting an overall semi-circular shape that is "narrow at the top and bottom and wide in the middle," which is the aforementioned Da Du structure.

[0042] A certain amount of water needs to be injected into the U-shaped tube of the oscillating water column to ensure that the height of the water column in the static state is level with the widest part of the vertical pipe section. During the oscillation process, the liquid level should always be within the vertical pipe section. Its highest point should not enter the air chamber to avoid affecting the operation of the air turbine, and its lowest point should not enter the horizontal pipe section to avoid excessive liquid column amplitude.

[0043] The oscillating water column U-tube can be made of transparent, high-strength materials such as acrylic or fiberglass to allow for inspection of the oscillation of the internal fluid.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, the top of the two air chambers is equipped with a flow regulation device consisting of four adjustable paddles. This device is linked with the intelligent control subsystem through a mechanical transmission mechanism. The control system can monitor the flow field velocity changes in real time and dynamically adjust the opening and closing angle of the paddles, thereby accurately controlling the airflow to achieve flow field velocity control.

[0045] The cross-sectional area of ​​the airflow channel in the two air chambers should be larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the air turbine structure to ensure that the air turbine can be embedded in the airflow channel and that the airflow can pass through without obstruction. At the same time, the cross-sectional area of ​​the airflow channel should also be smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the U-shaped tube of the oscillating water column to ensure that the airflow is compressed when it flows through the air chamber, thereby obtaining a flow velocity higher than that of the airflow in the U-shaped tube, driving the air turbine to rotate at a higher speed.

[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, the air turbine includes an upstream stator, a middle rotor, and a downstream stator. The upstream and downstream stators are fixed in the air chamber, while the middle rotor can rotate as a whole around the central axis of the hub.

[0047] To fully utilize the bidirectional reciprocating airflow generated by the oscillating water column U-tube, the air turbine selected is the Wells turbine, which has a "self-rectifying" characteristic, that is, it can still generate torque in a single direction in the bidirectional reciprocating airflow, maintain the rotor's unidirectional rotation, and ensure the stability and continuity of turbine rotation power generation.

[0048] like Figure 3 As shown, the upstream stator consists of a stator hub and guide vanes. The stator hub adopts a bullet-shaped streamlined design, effectively reducing interference with airflow. The upper part of the guide vanes uses a straight plate structure, transitioning to a curved plate design near the rotor. The downstream stator structure is symmetrical to the upstream stator structure.

[0049] like Figure 3 As shown, the central rotor consists of a rotor hub and rotor blades. The diameter of the rotor hub is the same as that of the stator hub; the rotor blade cross-section adopts a symmetrical airfoil design (NACA0015) to ensure that the lift and drag coefficients of the blades are the same under bidirectional airflow, thereby improving the operational stability in reciprocating airflow.

[0050] The middle rotor is difficult to start on its own and requires external assistance (such as a small motor, electric motor or manual rotation) to pre-start and obtain the initial speed.

[0051] like Figure 4 As shown, the leading edge of the rotor blade is connected to the rotor hub by a rotating connecting rod, and the blade can swing up and down at a certain angle with the connecting rod as the axis of rotation; the trailing edge is provided with a series of through guide holes to allow airflow to pass through.

[0052] The reason for the stall of this turbine airfoil blade is: When the angle of attack of the airflow exceeds a critical value, the effective area of ​​the pressure surface of the blade increases, while the boundary layer flow on the suction surface separates, forming large-scale turbulent vortices. With the intensification of flow separation, significant vortex shedding occurs in the trailing edge region of the suction surface, inducing cavitation bubbles in the low-pressure region. This flow instability process leads to a sharp deterioration in the aerodynamic performance of the blade, manifested as a sudden drop in lift coefficient and a sharp increase in drag coefficient, thereby significantly reducing the energy conversion efficiency of the turbine.

[0053] Appendix Figure 5 The principle of the device of this invention in improving blade stall is mainly achieved by reducing the angle of attack and weakening the vortex. Its specific features are as follows: 1. The guide vanes near the rotor employ a curved plate transition structure design, causing the airflow direction to deflect as it passes through this area. This design allows the airflow to enter the airfoil blade surface at a specific angle of attack, thereby generating effective aerodynamic lift and driving torque on the blade surface, ensuring the rotor has a certain self-starting capability. This avoids the flow separation phenomenon caused by vertical airflow entering the blades, solving the technical problem of the rotor failing to start and operate normally. 2. The blades are connected to the hub using an elastic linkage mechanism. When the incoming flow velocity changes, the blade angle of attack is passively and adaptively adjusted through the dynamic balance of aerodynamic torque and elastic restoring torque. This design dynamically optimizes the aerodynamic layout of the blades, effectively reducing the instantaneous angle of attack (α → α'), thereby delaying flow separation and reducing pressure drag, significantly improving stall characteristics. Compared to fixed blade structures, this scheme can adapt to changing operating conditions in real time and does not rely on an active control system, offering advantages such as simple structure and high reliability. 3. The blade trailing edge is equipped with tiny through-holes. When the angle of attack is small, the boundary layer remains in an attached flow state, and the airflow develops continuously along the blade surface. When the angle of attack exceeds the critical value, the pressure difference between the pressure surface and the suction surface drives the airflow through the through-holes, which enhances the directional flow at the blade trailing edge, effectively suppresses the large-scale separation of trailing edge vortices, reduces the turbulence intensity in the wake region, thereby reducing kinetic energy dissipation and improving aerodynamic efficiency.

[0054] Appendix Figures 6-8 The principle of the device of the present invention adapting to the flow field is introduced.

[0055] Figure 6 The efficiency curves of the turbine under different reciprocating flow periods are shown. In bidirectional reciprocating airflow, the turbine efficiency exhibits a "hysteresis" phenomenon, meaning that the efficiency of the turbine in the acceleration phase of the flow field is lower than that in the deceleration phase, presenting a counterclockwise closed loop curve. Furthermore, the width of the loop curve gradually decreases as the flow period of the bidirectional reciprocating airflow increases. This results in higher efficiency during the acceleration phase, with a longer flow period; and higher efficiency during the deceleration phase, with a shorter flow period.

[0056] To fully utilize the hysteresis phenomenon under reciprocating airflow and ensure that the turbine can generate electricity efficiently during both acceleration and deceleration phases, an intelligent control subsystem is installed in the air chamber of the oscillating water column U-tube.

[0057] like Figure 7 As shown, in the static state, the water level in the U-shaped tube is between 1400-1500 mm. During reciprocating oscillation, the water level on the left side is between 1401 and 1402 mm, and the water level on the right side is between 1501 and 1502 mm. Due to symmetry, when the left water column reaches its highest point, the right water column reaches its lowest point, with both water levels between 1401 and 1501 mm; similarly, when the left water column reaches its lowest point, the right water column reaches its highest point, with both water levels between 1402 and 1502 mm. The reciprocating oscillation process can be divided into four stages: Phase ①: The liquid level moves from 1401-1501 to the equilibrium position of 1400-1500. The water level in the left column drops, while the water level in the right column rises, indicating that the flow velocity is in the acceleration phase. The air velocity meter detects the airflow acceleration, and the control system drives the top flap of the air chamber to retract, appropriately reducing the airflow and extending the duration of the acceleration phase. Phase ②: The liquid level moves from the equilibrium position of 1400-1500 to 1402-1502. The water level in the left column decreases, while the water level in the right column increases, indicating that the flow field is in a deceleration phase. The air velocity meter detects the deceleration of the airflow, and the control system drives the flap at the top of the air chamber to expand, appropriately increasing the flow rate and shortening the duration of the deceleration phase. Phase ③: The liquid level moves in the opposite direction from 1402-1502 to the equilibrium position of 1400-1500. The water level in the left column rises, while the water level in the right column falls, and the flow velocity is in the reverse acceleration phase. The air velocity meter detects the airflow acceleration, and the control system drives the top flap of the air chamber to retract, appropriately reducing the airflow and extending the duration of the acceleration phase. Phase 4: The liquid level moves from the equilibrium position of 1400-1500 to the liquid level of 1401-1501. The water level in the left column rises, while the water level in the right column falls, and the flow velocity is in a reverse deceleration phase. The air velocity meter detects the airflow deceleration, and the control system drives the flap at the top of the air chamber to expand, appropriately increasing the airflow and shortening the duration of the deceleration phase.

[0058] The resulting change in airflow velocity is shown below. Figure 8 Overall, the flow still exhibits typical reciprocating flow characteristics, with its flow frequency basically consistent with the translational natural frequency of offshore wind turbine floating foundations. However, compared to conventional flow patterns, the acceleration phase of this flow field is significantly prolonged, while the deceleration phase is correspondingly shortened. Combined with... Figure 6As shown in the efficiency curve analysis, this change in flow characteristics enables the turbine to maintain a high operating efficiency throughout the entire flow cycle, thereby effectively improving the turbine's energy conversion efficiency.

Claims

1. An air turbine power generation device utilizing wave energy, comprising a floating foundation, an oscillating air chamber, and an air turbine generator body, wherein the air turbine generator body is connected to the oscillating air chamber, and the oscillating air chamber, arranged on the floating foundation, outputs pressurized power generation airflow in conjunction with waves, characterized in that: The air turbine power generation device also includes a pressurized airflow composite regulation mechanism. The pressurized power generation airflow output from the oscillating air chamber is adjusted in terms of flow field, flow state, and / or flow rate at least once by the pressurized airflow composite regulation mechanism. The air turbine generator body is driven to generate electricity by inputting the adjusted pressurized power generation airflow. The aforementioned air turbine power generation unit also includes an intelligent control system, with both the air turbine generator body and the pressurized airflow composite regulation mechanism connected to the intelligent control system; the floating foundation is an offshore oil production platform or an offshore wind power platform. The oscillating chamber includes a U-shaped water column oscillating tube and a generator mounting chamber. The air turbine generator body is arranged in the generator mounting chamber, which is located at the top of the two vertical sub-tubes (1) of the U-shaped water column oscillating tube. The pressurized power generation airflow input end of the air turbine generator body is connected to the inner cavity of the two vertical sub-tubes (1) of the U-shaped water column oscillating tube through the generator mounting chamber. The oscillating chamber is arranged on a floating foundation through the horizontal sub-tube (2) of the U-shaped water column oscillating tube. The pressurized power generation airflow is generated by the U-shaped water column oscillating tube under the cooperation of the floating foundation and the oscillating waves. The pressurized power generation airflow generated in the U-shaped water column oscillating tube is adjusted in terms of its flow field and flow state by at least the pressurized airflow composite adjustment mechanism set on the U-shaped water column oscillating tube, under the monitoring and control of the flow velocity sensor and the data acquisition instrument. The U-shaped water column oscillating tube also includes two arc transition sub-tubes (3). The two ends of the horizontal sub-tube (2) are respectively connected to the two vertical sub-tubes (1) through an arc transition sub-tube (3). The pressurized airflow compound adjustment mechanism includes at least two large belly structures (4). A large belly structure (4) is set in the middle of the wall inside the U-shaped structure of each vertical sub-tube. The pressurized power generation airflow adjusts its flow field and flow state through the two large belly structures (4) under the monitoring and control of the flow velocity sensor and data acquisition instrument.

2. The air turbine power generation device utilizing wave energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent control system includes at least a flow velocity sensor, a data acquisition instrument, a central control processor, and a human-machine interface. The flow velocity sensor, data acquisition instrument, human-machine interface, pressurized airflow compound regulation mechanism, and air turbine generator body are all connected to the central control processor. The adjustment status of the pressurized power generation airflow output from the oscillating air chamber is monitored, controlled, and displayed through the flow velocity sensor and data acquisition instrument in cooperation with the central control processor and human-machine interface.

3. The air turbine power generation device utilizing wave energy according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The generator mounting chamber includes two generator working chambers (5). At the top of each of the two vertical sub-pipes (1), there is a generator working chamber (5) that communicates with the inner cavity of the corresponding vertical sub-pipe. The air turbine generator body includes two air turbine generators (6). One air turbine generator (6) is arranged in each generator working chamber (5). The pressurized airflow compound adjustment mechanism also includes a paddle (7). At the top of each generator working chamber (5), there is a vent (8). A set of paddles (7) is arranged on each vent (8). The pressurized generator airflow entering and exiting each air turbine generator (6) is adjusted by the paddles (7) arranged on the corresponding vents, under the monitoring and control of the flow rate sensor and the data acquisition instrument.

4. The air turbine power generation device utilizing wave energy according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air turbine power generation device also includes a stall regulation structure. Each air turbine generator (6) includes at least a stator assembly, a rotor assembly (9) and a blade assembly. The stator assembly and the rotor assembly are arranged on the frame of the air turbine generator (6) in a mutually adaptive manner. The pressurized power generation airflow passes through the blade assembly and the stall regulation structure, and generates electricity while driving the rotor assembly to rotate around the stator assembly under the monitoring and control of the flow rate sensor and the data acquisition instrument.

5. The air turbine power generation device utilizing wave energy according to claim 4, characterized in that: The stator assembly includes an upper stator (10) and a lower stator (11). The rotor assembly (9) is movably arranged on the frame through the upper stator (10) and the lower stator (11). The blade assembly includes at least an airfoil (12). The stall adjustment structure includes at least a trailing edge air hole (13) provided on the airfoil (12). The airfoil (12) is arranged circumferentially on the rotor assembly (9). The pressurized power generation airflow drives the rotor assembly (9) to rotate and generate electricity stably through the airfoil (12) in cooperation with the trailing edge air hole (13). During the power generation process, the flow state of the pressurized power generation airflow is adjusted and controlled again by monitoring and controlling the working state of the airfoil (12) in cooperation with the flow velocity sensor, data acquisition instrument and central control processor.

6. The air turbine power generation device utilizing wave energy according to claim 5, characterized in that: The blade assembly also includes guide vanes (14), and guide vanes (14) are respectively provided on the upper stator (10) and the lower stator (11) along the circumference. The stall adjustment structure also includes a bent transition mechanism (15) provided on the guide vane (14) near the rotor assembly. The pressurized power generation airflow passes through the bent transition mechanism (15) on the guide vane (14) and is obliquely incident on the airfoil blade surface at a specified angle of attack to drive the rotor assembly (9) to rotate and generate electricity.

7. The air turbine power generation device utilizing wave energy according to claim 6, characterized in that: An elastic link (16) is also provided on the airfoil (12), and the airfoil (12) is flexibly arranged on the rotor assembly (9) in the circumferential direction through the elastic link (16).

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