Salt cavern compressed air energy storage system and salt fog concentration control method thereof

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of energy storage system technology, and specifically relates to a salt cavern compressed air energy storage system and its salt mist concentration control method. The salt mist concentration sensor in the salt cavern compressed air energy storage system can monitor the salt mist concentration of compressed air passing through the inlet and outlet of the salt cavern in real time. When the salt mist concentration of compressed air passing through the inlet and outlet of the salt cavern exceeds a warning value, the backflushing component will spray pure compressed air into the heat exchanger to flush the interior of the heat exchanger. Specifically, the backflushing component sprays pure compressed air into the shell to flush the inner surface of the shell and the outer surface of the heat exchange tubes, preventing salt mist from depositing on the inner surface of the shell and the outer surface of the heat exchange tubes and forming scale, which would affect the heat exchanger and improve its service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of energy storage system technology, and specifically relates to a salt cavern compressed air energy storage system and its salt spray concentration control method. Background Technology

[0002] Salt cavern compressed air energy storage system is a new type of energy storage facility that uses underground salt caverns to store compressed air and achieves power peak shaving through energy conversion. The heat exchanger in the salt cavern compressed air energy storage system includes a shell and heat exchange tubes. The heat exchange tubes are located inside the shell, and the heat exchange medium is introduced into the heat exchange tubes.

[0003] Current salt cavern compressed air energy storage systems generally suffer from the following two major pain points: 1. Humidity issue: During the gas storage process, a large amount of condensate is generated when the compressor compresses the air. Some of the condensate will adhere to the surface of the heat exchange tube, causing a water film to form on the surface of the heat exchange tube, reducing the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchange tube (by 20-30%), and causing electrochemical corrosion on the surface of the heat exchange tube (rate >0.5mm / year). 2. Salt concentration issue: During the gas usage process, the compressed air output from the salt cavern carries a trace amount of salt mist. When the compressed air enters the shell, the salt mist will deposit on the inner surface of the shell and the outer surface of the heat exchange tubes, forming scale on the inner surface of the shell and the outer surface of the heat exchange tubes. This accelerates the electrochemical corrosion of the inner surface of the shell and the outer surface of the heat exchange tubes, and causes physical damage to the shell and the heat exchange tubes, resulting in a reduction in the service life of the heat exchanger. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a salt cavern compressed air energy storage system and a method for controlling salt mist concentration, in order to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the small amount of salt mist carried by the compressed air output from the salt cavern will be deposited on the inner surface of the shell and the outer surface of the heat exchange tube, forming salt scale, which leads to a reduction in the service life of the heat exchanger.

[0005] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A salt cavern compressed air energy storage system includes a salt cavern, a heat exchanger, and a power generation component, wherein the salt cavern is connected to the power generation component through the heat exchanger; It also includes a salt spray concentration sensor and a backwashing assembly; The detection end of the salt spray concentration sensor is located at the inlet and outlet of the salt cavern; The flushing end of the backwashing assembly is connected to the air inlet of the heat exchanger, and the salt spray concentration sensor is connected to the control system signal of the backwashing assembly. The salt spray concentration sensor monitors the salt spray concentration of the compressed air passing through the inlet and outlet of the salt cave in real time. When the salt spray concentration of the compressed air passing through the inlet and outlet of the salt cave is greater than the warning value, the backwashing assembly sprays pure compressed air into the heat exchanger to flush the inside of the heat exchanger.

[0006] To better realize the present invention, the above structure is further optimized by including a compressor in the salt cavern compressed air energy storage system. The heat exchanger’s inlet and outlet are respectively equipped with a three-way valve A and a three-way valve B. The compressor’s outlet and the salt cavern’s inlet and outlet are both connected to the heat exchanger’s inlet through the three-way valve A. The heat exchanger’s outlet is connected to the salt cavern’s inlet and outlet and the power generation component through the three-way valve B. Both three-way valve A and three-way valve B are equipped with valve bodies for opening and closing the valve ports, enabling the switching between gas storage and gas usage states.

[0007] To better realize the present invention, the above structure is further optimized by including a connecting pipe in the salt cavern compressed air energy storage system. One end of the connecting pipe is connected to the air inlet and outlet of the salt cavern; The other end of the connecting pipe is provided with two connection ports, which are respectively connected to three-way valve A and three-way valve B; The flushing end of the backwashing assembly is connected to the connecting pipe.

[0008] To better realize the present invention, further optimizations are made to the above structure. The salt cavern compressed air energy storage system also includes a filling component for injecting scale inhibitor into the connecting pipe. The filling end of the filling component is connected to the connecting pipe, and the salt mist concentration sensor is signal-connected to the control system of the filling component.

[0009] To better realize the present invention, further optimizations are made to the above structure. The power generation component includes a turbine expander and a generator. The salt cavern is connected to the air inlet of the turbine expander through the heat exchanger. The rotating shaft of the turbine expander is drivenly connected to the rotating shaft of the generator.

[0010] To better realize the present invention, further optimizations are made to the above structure, and the salt cavern compressed air energy storage system also includes a humidity sensor and a cooling component; The cooling assembly is located between the heat exchanger and the salt cavern, and the heat exchanger is connected to the inlet and outlet of the salt cavern through the cooling assembly; There are multiple humidity sensors, which are respectively installed at the air inlet of the cooling component, the air outlet of the cooling component, and the air inlet of the power generation component. All humidity sensors are connected to the control system signal of the cooling component.

[0011] To better realize the present invention, further optimizations are made to the above structure, wherein the cooling component includes a condensation dehumidification cooler and an adsorption composite dehumidification cooler; The outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the inlet and outlet of the salt cavern via a condensation dehumidification cooler and an adsorption composite dehumidification cooler in sequence.

[0012] To better realize the present invention, the above structure is further optimized by providing a membrane separation drying unit at the inlet and outlet of the salt cavern.

[0013] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a method for controlling salt mist concentration in a salt cavern compressed air energy storage system. The method is implemented using the aforementioned salt cavern compressed air energy storage system and includes the following steps: In the gas-operated state, the compressed air stored in the salt cavern enters the heat exchanger through the inlet and outlet of the salt cavern; The salt spray concentration sensor monitors the salt spray concentration of compressed air passing through the salt cavern inlet and outlet in real time. When the salt mist concentration of the compressed air passing through the salt cavern inlet and outlet exceeds the warning value, the backwashing component is activated. The backwashing component sprays pure compressed air into the heat exchanger to flush the inside of the heat exchanger.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: In the salt cavern compressed air energy storage system provided by this invention, the salt mist concentration sensor can monitor the salt mist concentration of the compressed air passing through the salt cavern inlet and outlet in real time. When the salt mist concentration of the compressed air passing through the salt cavern inlet and outlet exceeds the warning value, the backwashing component will spray pure compressed air into the heat exchanger to flush the inside of the heat exchanger. Specifically, the backwashing component sprays pure compressed air into the shell to flush the inner surface of the shell and the outer surface of the heat exchange tubes, preventing salt mist from depositing on the inner surface of the shell and the outer surface of the heat exchange tubes and forming scale, which would affect the heat exchanger and improve its service life. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the flow of compressed gas in the salt cavern compressed air energy storage system of the present invention when it is in the gas storage state.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the flow of compressed gas in a salt cavern compressed air energy storage system when it is in use.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a salt cavern compressed air energy storage system comprising multiple working units, as described in the embodiment.

[0019] In the picture: 1. Compressor; 2. Heat exchanger; 21. Three-way valve A; 22. Three-way valve B; 3. Power generation components; 4. Salt spray concentration sensor; 5. Backwash assembly; 6. Connect the pipes; 7. Filling components; 8. Humidity sensor; 9. Cooling components; 91. Condensation dehumidification cooler; 92. Adsorption composite dehumidification cooler; 10. Salt cave. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," "tail," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0023] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the salt cavern compressed air energy storage system includes a compressor 1, a heat exchanger 2, a power generation component 3, a salt spray concentration sensor 4, and a backwashing component 5. (See also...) Figure 1 and Figure 2 ;in, The flushing end of the backwash assembly 5 is connected to the air inlet of the heat exchanger 2, and the salt spray concentration sensor 4 is connected to the control system signal of the backwash assembly 5. Three-way valves A21 and B22 are respectively installed at the air inlet and outlet of heat exchanger 2. The air outlet of compressor 1 and the air inlet and outlet of salt cavern 10 are connected to the air inlet of heat exchanger 2 through three-way valve A21. The air outlet of heat exchanger 2 is connected to the air inlet and outlet of salt cavern 10 and the power generation component 3 through three-way valve B22. Both three-way valves A21 and B22 are equipped with valve bodies for opening and closing the valve ports to realize the switching between gas storage state and gas use state. That is, by adjusting the valve body in three-way valve A21, the air outlet of compressor 1 or the air inlet and outlet of salt cavern 10 is connected to the air inlet of heat exchanger 2. By adjusting the valve body in three-way valve B22, the air outlet of heat exchanger 2 is connected to the air inlet and outlet of salt cavern 10 or the power generation component 3. Salt spray concentration sensor 4 is installed at the inlet and outlet of salt cave 10; Specifically: when the salt cavern compressed air energy storage system is in the gas storage state, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 The outlet of compressor 1 is connected to the inlet of heat exchanger 2 through three-way valve A21, and the outlet of heat exchanger 2 is connected to the inlet and outlet of salt cavern 10 through three-way valve B22. At this time, the inlet and outlet of salt cavern 10 are not connected to the inlet of heat exchanger 2, and the outlet of heat exchanger 2 is not connected to power generation component 3. Compressor 1 can compress external air and send it into heat exchanger 2 for heat exchange, thereby reducing the temperature of the compressed air, and then sending it into salt cavern 10 for storage. When the salt cavern compressed air energy storage system is in use, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2The inlet and outlet of the salt cavern 10 are connected to the inlet of the heat exchanger 2 via a three-way valve A21, and the outlet of the heat exchanger 2 is connected to the power generation component 3 via a three-way valve B22. At this time, the outlet of the compressor 1 is not connected to the inlet of the heat exchanger 2, and the outlet of the heat exchanger 2 is not connected to the inlet and outlet of the salt cavern 10. The compressed air in the salt cavern 10 can enter the heat exchanger 2, where heat exchange occurs, raising the temperature of the compressed air, and then it is sent to the power generation component 3 for power generation. In this state, the salt mist concentration of the compressed air passing through the inlet and outlet of the salt cavern 10 is monitored in real time by the salt mist concentration sensor 4. If the salt mist concentration of the compressed air passing through the inlet and outlet of the salt cave 10 is less than or equal to the warning value, the backwash component 5 is in standby mode, that is, the backwash component 5 does not perform backwashing. If the salt mist concentration of the compressed air passing through the inlet and outlet of the salt cavern 10 exceeds the warning value, the backwashing component 5 will spray pure compressed air into the heat exchanger 2 to flush the inside of the heat exchanger 2, so as to prevent salt mist from accumulating in the heat exchanger 2 and forming scale.

[0024] It should be noted that the aforementioned warning values ​​are manually input into the control system of the backwashing component 5, and their values ​​can be adjusted according to actual working conditions. The backwashing assembly 5, also known as the backwashing system, is a regeneration device used to remove contaminants from the surface of filter media (such as filter media, filter membranes, etc.). It is widely used in water treatment, industrial dust removal, and other fields. The backwashing system in this invention uses compressed air as the medium. The control system of the backwashing system is a PLC system or a PAC system. The salt spray concentration sensor 4 mentioned above is connected to the PLC system or PAC system to realize the automated control of the backwashing system. When the backwashing system is started, the backwashing system injects compressed air into the heat exchanger 2, and uses the airflow formed by the compressed air to flush the salt mist inside the heat exchanger 2, so as to prevent the salt mist from accumulating inside the heat exchanger 2 and forming scale, thereby improving the service life of the heat exchanger 2.

[0025] The salt spray concentration sensor 4 mentioned above is a device specifically designed for detecting salt concentration in salt spray environments. In this embodiment, the salt spray concentration sensor 4 from the PEM brand is selected. It has high sensitivity, reaching 20.0mV / A, and can accurately measure peak currents as low as 0.3kA. It also has a fast response speed, with a peak di / dt of 2.0KA / μs. Its low-frequency bandwidth is 25Hz, while its high-frequency bandwidth depends on the line length, reaching 10MHz with a 300mm line length. The salt spray concentration sensor 4 has low noise (irregular signal), only 2.0mVpk-pk, ensuring the accuracy of monitoring results.

[0026] In some embodiments, the salt cavern compressed air energy storage system further includes a connecting pipe 6, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 and Figure 2 ;in, One end of the connecting pipe 6 is connected to the air inlet and outlet of the salt cave 10; The other end of the connecting pipe 6 is provided with two connecting ports, which are respectively connected to three-way valve A21 and three-way valve B22; The flushing end of the backwash assembly 5 is connected to the connecting pipe 6; The installation of connecting pipe 6 can reduce the layout of pipelines, making the structure of the salt cavern compressed air energy storage system simpler, and can reduce the corrosion of pipelines, thereby reducing the maintenance difficulty and maintenance cost of the salt cavern compressed air energy storage system.

[0027] In some embodiments, the salt cavern compressed air energy storage system further includes a filling assembly 7 for injecting scale inhibitor into the connecting pipe 6, the filling end of the filling assembly 7 being connected to the connecting pipe 6, and the salt spray concentration sensor 4 being connected to the control system signal of the filling assembly 7. When the salt mist concentration of the compressed air passing through the inlet and outlet of the salt cavern 10 exceeds the warning value, the filling component 7 will add scale inhibitor to the connecting pipe 6. When the backwashing component 5 sprays pure compressed air into the heat exchanger 2, the pure compressed air will drive the scale inhibitor to flow inside the heat exchanger 2, so that the scale inhibitor adheres to the inside of the heat exchanger 2 (the inner surface of the shell and the outer surface of the heat exchange tube) to avoid the formation of scale and better protect the heat exchanger 2.

[0028] It should be noted that the aforementioned filling component 7 is a quantitative filling machine, powder filling machine, or screw conveyor. The quantitative filling machine, powder filling machine, or screw conveyor delivers scale inhibitor quantitatively to the connecting pipe 6 to prevent scale formation and thus protect the heat exchanger 2. The scale inhibitors mentioned above can be maleic anhydride copolymer solutions or polycarboxylic acid scale inhibitors and dispersants, etc., which can be used for corrosion prevention and scale inhibition of equipment such as water coolers, oil coolers, condensers, reactors, absorption towers, storage tanks and pipelines in various industries.

[0029] In some embodiments, the power generation component 3 described above includes a turbine expander and a generator. The outlet of the heat exchanger 2 is connected to the inlet of the turbine expander through a three-way valve B22. The shaft of the turbine expander is connected to the shaft of the generator via a drive connection. When in use, the high-temperature compressed air discharged from the outlet of heat exchanger 2 enters the turbine expander. As the gas expands through the turbine expander, the high-temperature gas drives the turbine expander to rotate at high speed, thereby driving the generator to generate electricity and realizing energy conversion.

[0030] In some embodiments, the salt cavern compressed air energy storage system further includes a humidity sensor 8 and a cooling assembly 9, see [link to documentation]. Figure 1 and Figure 2 ;in, The cooling assembly 9 is located between the heat exchanger 2 and the salt cavern 10. The three-way valve B22 at the outlet of the heat exchanger 2 is connected to the inlet and outlet of the salt cavern 10 through the cooling assembly 9. There are multiple humidity sensors 8, which are respectively installed at the air inlet of the cooling component 9, the air outlet of the cooling component 9, and the air inlet of the power generation component 3. All humidity sensors 8 are connected to the control system signal of the cooling component 9. In the gas storage state, when the humidity sensor 8 detects that the humidity of the compressed air is >8%RH, the control system of the cooling component 9 will start the cooling component 9 (cooling power ≥ 120% of the heat load of the salt cavern compressed air energy storage system) to play the role of condensation and dehumidification, reduce the relative humidity of the compressed air, avoid the formation of condensate, and prevent condensate from adhering to the surface of the heat exchange tube in the heat exchanger 2, resulting in the formation of a water film on the surface of the heat exchange tube and reducing the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchange tube (the reduction can reach 20-30%). At the same time, it avoids electrochemical corrosion on the surface of the heat exchange tube due to the adhesion of condensate, so as to further improve the service life of the heat exchanger 2.

[0031] Preferably, the cooling assembly 9 includes a condensation dehumidifier 91 and an adsorption composite dehumidifier 92; wherein, The three-way valve B22 at the outlet of heat exchanger 2 is connected to the inlet and outlet of salt cavern 10 through the condensation dehumidification cooler 91 and the adsorption composite dehumidification cooler 92 in sequence. The condensation dehumidification cooler 91 and the adsorption composite dehumidification cooler 92 work together to reduce the relative humidity in the compressed air and prevent condensate from adhering to the surface of the heat exchange tube.

[0032] It should be noted that the above-mentioned condensing dehumidifier 91 is based on the physical process of cooling compressed air to below the dew point to cause water vapor to condense. The evaporator in the condensing dehumidifier 91 reduces the temperature of the compressed air and separates liquid water, making it suitable for environments with a humidity of 50%-70%RH. The adsorption composite dehumidifier 92 combines solid adsorbents (such as silica gel and lithium chloride) with condensation technology. First, moisture is adsorbed by the impeller in the adsorption composite dehumidifier 92, and then the condenser in the adsorption composite dehumidifier 92 is used to assist in handling high humidity loads. It can handle ultra-low humidity requirements of 1%-50%RH. Through the combined action of the condensation dehumidifier 91 and the adsorption composite dehumidifier 92, the relative humidity of compressed air can be effectively reduced to ≤8%RH, avoiding the occurrence of condensate adhering to the surface of the heat exchange tube. Humidity sensors 8 are installed at the inlet and outlet of both the aforementioned condensation dehumidifier 91 and adsorption composite dehumidifier 92.

[0033] In some embodiments, the inlet and outlet of the salt cavern 10 are provided with a membrane separation drying unit (not shown in the figure). The membrane separation drying unit further removes moisture from the compressed air, prevents heat exchange tube corrosion and condensate accumulation, and ensures the stability of the operation of the salt cavern compressed air energy storage system.

[0034] It should be noted that membrane separation drying units are devices that separate moisture from other compressed air through the selective permeability of polymer membranes, and are widely used in the food, pharmaceutical, and industrial compressed air drying industries.

[0035] In some embodiments, the compressor 1, heat exchanger 2, power generation assembly 3, and condenser dehumidifier 91 described above constitute a working unit. See [link to documentation]. Figure 3 Within the rectangular dashed box, there are multiple working units, which are connected in series. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 The specific connection method is as follows: The compressor 1, heat exchanger 2 and condenser dehumidifier 91 in the first working unit are connected in sequence, and the condenser dehumidifier 91 is connected to the air inlet of the compressor 1 in the second working unit. The compressor 1, heat exchanger 2 and condenser dehumidifier 91 in the second working unit are connected in sequence. The condenser dehumidifier 91 in the second working unit is connected to the air inlet of the compressor 1 in the third working unit. The components are connected in sequence in the above manner until the condenser dehumidifier 91 in the last working unit is connected to the adsorption composite dehumidifier 92. The adsorption composite dehumidifier 92 is connected to one of the connecting ports of the connecting pipe 6. Meanwhile, another connection port of the connecting pipe 6 is connected to the air inlet of the heat exchanger 2 in the last working unit, and the air outlet of the heat exchanger 2 is connected to the power generation component 3 in the last working unit. The outlet of the power generation component 3 in the last working unit is connected to the inlet of the heat exchanger 2 in the second-to-last working unit, and the outlet of the heat exchanger 2 in the second-to-last working unit is connected to the power generation component 3 in the second-to-last working unit. The above connection method is used to connect them sequentially until the outlet of the first heat exchanger 2 is connected to the power generation component 3 in the first working unit, so that multiple working units are connected in series, making full use of the compressed air in the salt cavern and improving the power generation efficiency of the salt cavern compressed air energy storage system.

[0036] Furthermore, this embodiment also provides a method for controlling salt mist concentration in a salt cavern compressed air energy storage system. The salt mist concentration control method is implemented by the aforementioned salt cavern compressed air energy storage system and includes the following steps: In the gas-operated state, the compressed air stored in the salt cavern 10 enters the heat exchanger 2 through the inlet and outlet of the salt cavern 10; Salt spray concentration sensor 4 monitors the salt spray concentration of compressed air passing through the inlet and outlet of salt cave 10 in real time. When the salt mist concentration of the compressed air passing through the inlet and outlet of the salt cavern 10 exceeds the warning value, the backwashing component 5 is activated. The backwashing component 5 sprays pure compressed air into the heat exchanger 2 to flush the inside of the heat exchanger 2, so as to prevent salt mist from depositing and forming scale inside the heat exchanger 2 and thus affecting the heat exchanger 2, thereby improving the service life of the heat exchanger.

[0037] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A salt cavern compressed air energy storage system, comprising a salt cavern (10), a heat exchanger (2) and a power generation component (3), wherein the salt cavern (10) is connected to the power generation component (3) through the heat exchanger (2); characterized in that It also includes a salt spray concentration sensor (4) and a backwashing assembly (5); The detection end of the salt spray concentration sensor (4) is set at the air inlet and outlet of the salt cave (10); The flushing end of the backwash assembly (5) is connected to the air inlet of the heat exchanger (2), and the salt spray concentration sensor (4) is connected to the control system signal of the backwash assembly (5). The salt spray concentration sensor (4) monitors the salt spray concentration of the compressed air passing through the air inlet and outlet of the salt cave (10) in real time. When the salt spray concentration of the compressed air passing through the air inlet and outlet of the salt cave (10) is greater than the warning value, the backwash assembly (5) sprays pure compressed air into the heat exchanger (2) to flush the inside of the heat exchanger (2). It also includes a compressor (1); The inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger (2) are respectively equipped with a three-way valve A (21) and a three-way valve B (22). The outlet of the compressor (1) and the inlet and outlet of the salt cavern (10) are connected to the inlet of the heat exchanger (2) through the three-way valve A (21). The outlet of the heat exchanger (2) is connected to the inlet and outlet of the salt cavern (10) and the power generation component (3) through the three-way valve B (22). Both three-way valve A (21) and three-way valve B (22) are equipped with valve bodies for opening and closing the valve ports to realize the switching between gas storage state and gas use state; It also includes connecting pipes (6); One end of the connecting pipe (6) is connected to the air inlet and outlet of the salt cave (10); The other end of the connecting pipe (6) is provided with two connecting ports, which are connected to three-way valve A (21) and three-way valve B (22) respectively; The flushing end of the backwash assembly (5) is connected to the connecting pipe (6); The salt cavern (10) is equipped with a membrane separation drying unit at its air inlet and outlet.

2. The salt cavern compressed air energy storage system of claim 1, wherein: It also includes a filling assembly (7) for injecting scale inhibitor into the connecting pipe (6), the filling end of the filling assembly (7) being connected to the connecting pipe (6), and the salt spray concentration sensor (4) being connected to the control system signal of the filling assembly (7).

3. The salt cavern compressed air energy storage system of claim 1, wherein: The power generation component (3) includes a turbine expander and a generator. The salt cavern (10) is connected to the air inlet of the turbine expander through the heat exchanger (2). The rotating shaft of the turbine expander is connected to the rotating shaft of the generator.

4. The salt cavern compressed air energy storage system of any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by: It also includes a humidity sensor (8) and a cooling assembly (9); The cooling assembly (9) is located between the heat exchanger (2) and the salt cave (10), and the heat exchanger (2) is connected to the inlet and outlet of the salt cave (10) through the cooling assembly (9); There are multiple humidity sensors (8), which are respectively located at the air inlet of the cooling component (9), the air outlet of the cooling component (9), and the air inlet of the power generation component (3). All humidity sensors (8) are connected to the control system signal of the cooling component (9).

5. The salt cavern compressed air energy storage system of claim 4, wherein: The cooling assembly (9) includes a condensation dehumidifier (91) and an adsorption composite dehumidifier (92). The gas outlet of the heat exchanger (2) is communicated with the gas inlet and outlet of the salt cavern (10) through the condensation dehumidification cooler (91) and the adsorption composite dehumidification cooler (92) in sequence.

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