Shafting dynamic balancing process method and shafting structure

Abstract

The application discloses a shafting dynamic balance process method and a shafting structure, and relates to the field of shafting dynamic balance detection. The process method comprises the following steps: performing dynamic balance detection on each part of the shafting to meet the part balance precision requirement; assembling the parts on the shafting into a shafting assembly to meet the product use state; performing dynamic balance detection on the shafting assembly to meet the maximum allowable unbalance of the product design requirement; marking the relative position at the surface connection of each part on the shafting; disassembling the shafting assembly into the part state; magnetizing the rotor in the shafting; and assembling the parts on the shafting into the shafting assembly to meet the product use state according to the relative position mark. The application optimizes the dynamic balance process and the shafting structure, solidifies the process requirement of'magnetizing after balancing', effectively reduces the factors affecting the dynamic balance precision, improves the stability and consistency of the product, and prolongs the service life of the product.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shaft dynamic balancing testing technology, and more specifically, to a shaft dynamic balancing process and shaft structure. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of mechanical manufacturing, the dynamic balancing accuracy of rotating components is crucial for the stable and reliable operation of machines. With the continuous development of industrial technology, various rotating equipment has been widely used in numerous industries, such as aerospace, automotive manufacturing, and power energy. Ensuring the balancing accuracy of rotating components can effectively extend the service life of machines, reduce unnecessary vibration energy loss caused by poor dynamic balancing quality, and improve the operating efficiency and stability of equipment, which is of great significance for improving the quality and efficiency of overall industrial production.

[0003] In previous shaft dynamic balancing techniques, the common approach was to perform dynamic balancing tests on rotating components and then achieve balancing accuracy by removing or adding weight. The typical procedure involved first magnetizing the rotor, followed by the dynamic balancing operation.

[0004] However, the aforementioned existing technology has obvious drawbacks. After the rotor is magnetized and then dynamically balanced, iron filings easily adhere to the rotor during the process of turnover and balancing and de-weighting, which will adversely affect the dynamic balance accuracy of the rotor.

[0005] In summary, optimizing the process for dynamic balancing testing of shaft systems is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a shaft dynamic balancing process method and shaft structure, which effectively ensures the reliability and stability of the dynamic balancing accuracy of rotating parts and shafts, reduces the potential risk of loss of dynamic balancing accuracy, optimizes the rotor dynamic balancing and shaft assembly process route, ensures improved shaft dynamic balancing accuracy, reduces shaft rotational vibration, and lowers machine noise during operation.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A method for dynamic balancing of a shaft system, the method comprising:

[0009] Each component on the shaft system is individually dynamically balanced to meet the required balance accuracy.

[0010] The various components on the shaft system are assembled into a shaft system assembly to achieve the product's usage condition. The shaft system assembly is then subjected to dynamic balancing testing to ensure that it meets the maximum allowable imbalance required by the product design.

[0011] Mark the relative positions of the joints on the surfaces of the components on the shaft system, and disassemble the shaft system assembly into its component state;

[0012] The rotor within the shaft system is magnetized, and the components on the shaft system are assembled into a shaft system assembly according to the relative position markings to achieve the product's usability.

[0013] Preferably, the dynamic balancing test step includes performing a high-speed rotation test on the shaft assembly and recording the vibration amplitude at each test point to determine whether the maximum allowable imbalance requirement is met.

[0014] Preferably, after determining whether the maximum permissible imbalance requirement is met, when the imbalance exceeds the maximum permissible value required by the product design, the components or shaft assembly are adjusted by reducing or increasing the weight until the balance accuracy requirement is met.

[0015] Preferably, the relative position markings include at least one of the following forms: engravings, marking lines, or coded markings, to facilitate disassembly, so as to ensure that the relative mating positions of each component are consistent during disassembly and reassembly, thereby reducing balance errors.

[0016] Preferably, the relative position mark is a coding mark, which is formed on the non-working surface of each component by laser etching.

[0017] Preferably, before assembling the various components on the shaft system into a shaft system assembly to reach the product's usage state, locating pin holes are provided at the connection points of the various components. The locating pin holes pass through both ends of the connection point, and locating pins are provided in the locating pin holes to limit the circumferential relative positional deviation of the various components.

[0018] Preferably, the weight reduction or weight increase correction step includes locally reducing the weight in the non-working surface area of ​​the rotor, wherein the locally reduced weight area avoids the area where the positioning pin hole is located.

[0019] Preferably, before magnetizing the rotor within the shaft system, the rotor surface is cleaned to remove residual metal debris.

[0020] A shaft system structure includes a rotor and a main impeller and an air-cooled impeller respectively disposed at both ends of the rotor shaft head, and the above-mentioned shaft dynamic balancing process is used for dynamic balancing test.

[0021] Preferably, locating pins are provided at the connection points between the rotor and the main impeller and the air-cooled wheel.

[0022] The shaft dynamic balancing process provided by this invention effectively adjusts and optimizes the shaft dynamic balancing process, solidifies the "balancing before magnetization" process requirement, and incorporates it into key process identification and monitoring. This significantly improves the factory quality and product consistency of high-speed magnetic levitation products. Product lifespan is significantly increased, and noise levels during operation are reduced.

[0023] The further solutions provided in this application can also achieve at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0024] Optimize the structure of shaft components and add locating pin holes to facilitate the relative position of each component during assembly and reduce the risk of loss of dynamic balance accuracy of the shaft system;

[0025] By using laser etching to form coded marks on the non-working surfaces of each component as relative position marks, it is possible to accurately ensure that the relative mating positions of each component are consistent during disassembly and reassembly without affecting the performance of the working surfaces of the components, thereby further reducing balance errors. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process steps in this embodiment;

[0028] Figure 2 This is an assembly diagram of the shaft system structure in this embodiment;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fastener structure in this embodiment;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning pin in this embodiment;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall shaft system structure in this embodiment.

[0032] Figures 1-5 In the accompanying drawings, the reference numerals include:

[0033] 1. Rotor; 2. Main impeller; 3. Air-cooled impeller; 4. Fasteners; 5. Locating pins. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this application shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly. This application discloses a shaft dynamic balancing process and shaft structure.

[0036] The core of this invention is to provide a method for dynamic balancing of shaft systems.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 1 .

[0038] The shaft dynamic balancing process method provided by this invention includes the following steps:

[0039] S1. Perform dynamic balancing tests on all components on the shaft system individually to achieve the required balance accuracy of the parts.

[0040] S2. Assemble the various components on the shaft system into a shaft system assembly to achieve the product's usage condition. Perform dynamic balancing tests on the shaft system assembly to achieve the maximum allowable imbalance required by the product design.

[0041] S3. Mark the relative positions of the joints on the surfaces of the components on the shaft system, and disassemble the shaft system assembly into its component state.

[0042] S4. Magnetize the rotor in the shaft system, and assemble the various components on the shaft system into a shaft system assembly according to the relative position marks to achieve the product's usability.

[0043] Specifically, to ensure the stability of the dynamic balancing accuracy of the shaft system, all components on each shaft system undergo dynamic balancing testing to meet the required balance accuracy. The sequence of balancing and magnetizing steps is adjusted and optimized, and the process requirement of "balancing before magnetizing" is solidified and incorporated into key process identification and monitoring. All components on the shaft system are assembled, such as the air-cooled wheel 3, main impeller 2, and rotor 1, using fasteners 4 to achieve the product's usability. The shaft system dynamic balancing test is then performed again, ensuring that the overall dynamic balancing accuracy of the shaft system meets the maximum allowable imbalance required by the product design. Finally, relative position marks are made on the surface of each component to facilitate reassembly and restoration of the relative mating positions of the components during the dynamic balancing test, minimizing balancing errors caused by human error during assembly. After disassembly, the rotor within the shaft system is magnetized, and the components on the shaft system are assembled into a shaft system assembly according to the relative position marks to achieve the product's usability.

[0044] The aforementioned shaft dynamic balancing process first performs individual dynamic balancing tests on each component of the shaft system, ensuring high balancing accuracy for each component and reducing the impact of imbalance in a single component on the entire shaft system. After assembling the shaft system into an assembly, a second dynamic balancing test is performed, followed by weight reduction or weight addition correction, further improving the shaft system's balancing accuracy. The use of relative position markings ensures accurate restoration of the relative positions of each component during disassembly and reassembly, avoiding balancing errors caused by human factors. The "balancing before magnetization" process requirement is formalized and incorporated into key process identification and monitoring, effectively improving the reliability and stability of the shaft system's dynamic balancing accuracy, reducing shaft rotational vibration, lowering machine noise during operation, extending product lifespan, and improving product quality and consistency.

[0045] The shaft dynamic balancing process method provided by the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0046] Based on any of the above embodiments, the dynamic balancing test step includes performing a high-speed rotation test on the shaft assembly and recording the vibration amplitude at each test point to determine whether the maximum allowable imbalance requirement is met.

[0047] Specifically, in step S1, the dynamic balancing testing equipment can be a common dynamic balancing instrument, which can determine the balance state of rotating parts by detecting their vibration. A dynamic balancing instrument generally consists of sensors, a signal processor, and a display. The sensors can be vibration sensors or speed sensors, used to collect vibration and speed signals of the rotating parts. The signal processor processes and analyzes the signals collected by the sensors, calculating the amount and location of the imbalance in the rotating parts. The display shows the calculation results, facilitating operator judgment and adjustment. During the testing process, each component on the shaft system, such as the main impeller, air-cooled wheel, and rotor, is mounted on the testing platform of the dynamic balancing instrument and rotated at high speed. The dynamic balancing instrument automatically detects and records the vibration amplitude at each testing point to determine whether the component meets the balance accuracy requirements. Besides dynamic balancing instruments, laser dynamic balancing testing equipment can also be used. It utilizes laser measurement technology to detect the imbalance of rotating parts, offering advantages such as high detection accuracy and high speed.

[0048] Optionally, the dynamic balancing test can also employ more advanced holographic dynamic balancing technology. In addition to the functions of a traditional dynamic balancing instrument, the holographic dynamic balancing test equipment can acquire more comprehensive vibration information of rotating components, analyzing their balance state through holographic images. This equipment mainly consists of a holographic image acquisition system, a data analysis system, and a display system. The holographic image acquisition system uses the principle of laser interference to acquire holographic images of the rotating component's vibration. The data analysis system processes and analyzes the acquired holographic images, calculating the amount and location of the imbalance in the rotating component. The display system then presents the analysis results in a clear and intuitive image and data format.

[0049] Based on any of the above embodiments, after determining whether the maximum permissible imbalance requirement is met, when the imbalance exceeds the maximum permissible value required by the product design, the components or shaft assembly are adjusted by reducing or increasing weight until the balance accuracy requirement is met.

[0050] Specifically, in step S2, it is determined whether the maximum permissible imbalance requirement is met. If the imbalance exceeds the maximum permissible value required by the product design, it is necessary to perform weight reduction or weight increase correction on the components or shaft assembly. Weight reduction can be performed by milling, grinding, or other methods to locally reduce weight in the non-working area of ​​the rotor.

[0051] Based on any of the above embodiments, the relative position markings include at least one of the following forms: scratches, marking lines, or coded markings, to facilitate disassembly, so as to ensure that the relative mating positions of each component are consistent during disassembly and reassembly, thereby reducing balance errors.

[0052] Specifically, in step S3, the relative position markings can take the form of scratches, marking lines, or coded marks. Scratches can be made by lightly carving marks on the surface of the parts with a tool; marking lines can be drawn with paint or a marker; and coded marks can be formed on the non-working surfaces of each part through laser etching. Coded marks have advantages such as large information capacity and resistance to wear, and can accurately record the relative positions of each part. The purpose of marking is to restore the relative mating positions of each part during dynamic balancing testing when disassembling and reassembling, minimizing balance errors caused by human error during assembly.

[0053] Optionally, the relative position markings are coded markings, which are formed on the non-working surfaces of each component by laser etching.

[0054] Based on any of the above embodiments, before assembling the various components on the shaft system into a shaft system assembly to reach the product's usage state, locating pin holes are provided at the connection points of the various components. The locating pin holes pass through both ends of the connection point, and locating pins are provided in the locating pin holes to limit the circumferential relative positional deviation of the various components.

[0055] Specifically, before step S2, locating pins 5 can be installed at the connections between rotor 1 and main impeller 2, as well as air-cooled impeller 3. The locating pins 5 can be cylindrical pins or tapered pins. Cylindrical pins offer advantages such as high positioning accuracy and easy installation, while tapered pins provide better self-locking performance, effectively limiting the circumferential relative positional deviation of each component. The locating pin holes penetrate both ends of the connection, and the locating pins 5 are installed within these holes. The cooperation between the locating pins 5 and the locating pin holes ensures accurate relative positioning between the main impeller 2, air-cooled impeller 3, and rotor 1, reducing the risk of loss of dynamic balance accuracy in the shaft system.

[0056] Based on any of the above embodiments, the weight reduction or weight increase correction step includes locally reducing the weight in the non-working surface area of ​​the rotor, with the locally reduced weight area avoiding the area where the positioning pin hole is located.

[0057] Specifically, weight reduction can be achieved through milling, grinding, or other methods, locally reducing weight in the non-working areas of the rotor. However, care must be taken to avoid the areas where the locating pin holes are located to prevent affecting the structural strength and positioning accuracy of the shaft system. Weight increase can be achieved by attaching counterweights, until the shaft system assembly reaches the required balance accuracy.

[0058] Based on any of the above embodiments, before magnetizing the rotor in the shaft system, the rotor surface is cleaned to remove residual metal debris.

[0059] Specifically, before magnetization, the rotor surface needs to be cleaned to remove residual metal debris, preventing the adsorption of iron filings during magnetization and affecting the rotor's dynamic balance accuracy. Cleaning can be done by brushing, blowing with compressed air, or ultrasonic cleaning. After magnetization, according to the previously marked relative positions, the main impeller, air-cooled impeller, and other components are accurately installed on the rotor to reassemble the shaft system assembly.

[0060] The implementation principle of the shaft dynamic balancing process described in this application is as follows: First, each component on the shaft system is dynamically balanced individually to ensure high balance accuracy, reducing the impact of imbalance in a single component on the entire shaft system. After assembling the shaft system into an assembly, dynamic balancing is performed again, and weight reduction or addition correction is applied to further improve the balance accuracy. The use of relative position markings ensures accurate restoration of the relative positions of each component during disassembly and reassembly, avoiding balance errors caused by human factors. Cleaning the rotor before magnetization prevents iron filings from affecting the dynamic balancing accuracy, while also solidifying the "balance before magnetization" process requirement and incorporating it into key process identification and monitoring. The combined application of these measures effectively improves the reliability and stability of the shaft dynamic balancing accuracy, reduces shaft rotational vibration, lowers machine noise during operation, extends product lifespan, and improves product quality and consistency.

[0061] Please refer to Figures 2 to 5

[0062] The shaft system structure provided in this application includes a rotor 1 and a main impeller 2 and an air-cooled impeller 3 respectively disposed at both ends of the rotor 1 shaft head. Dynamic balancing is performed using the aforementioned shaft dynamic balancing process. This method ensures the dynamic balancing accuracy of the shaft system structure, meeting the requirements for smooth and reliable high-speed rotation.

[0063] Specifically, rotor 1 is the core component of the shaft system, typically composed of a shaft and magnets. The shaft is generally made of high-strength alloy steel, possessing excellent mechanical properties and fatigue resistance. The magnets provide the magnetic field, enabling the motor to operate normally. The main impeller 2 and the air-cooled impeller 3 are respectively mounted at both ends of the rotor 1's shaft and assembled using fasteners 4 to achieve the product's operational state. The main impeller 2 performs the product's primary function, such as conveying gas or liquid. The air-cooled impeller 3 serves to dissipate heat, ensuring the motor does not overheat and become damaged during operation. The main impeller 2 and the air-cooled impeller 3 are usually made of lightweight materials such as aluminum alloy or plastic to reduce the weight of the shaft system and lower energy consumption.

[0064] Locating pins 5 are provided at the connection points between rotor 1, main impeller 2, and air-cooled wheel 3. The locating pins 5 can be cylindrical pins or tapered pins. Cylindrical pins offer advantages such as high positioning accuracy and easy installation, while tapered pins provide better self-locking performance, more effectively limiting the circumferential relative positional deviation of the components. Locating pin holes penetrate both ends of the connection, and locating pins are installed within these holes. The cooperation between the locating pins and their holes ensures accurate relative positioning between the main impeller 2, air-cooled wheel 3, and rotor 1, reducing the risk of loss of dynamic balance accuracy in the shaft system.

[0065] The implementation principle of the shaft system structure provided in this embodiment is as follows: A dynamic balancing process is used to perform dynamic balancing tests on the shaft system structure, ensuring the balance accuracy of the shaft system. The placement of the locating pin 5 further improves the connection accuracy and stability between the components, reducing the impact of circumferential relative position deviations on the dynamic balancing accuracy. These measures make the shaft system structure more stable and reliable during high-speed rotation, reducing vibration and noise, improving product performance and service life, and meeting the requirements of high-speed rotating equipment for shaft dynamic balancing accuracy.

[0066] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0067] The present invention provides a detailed description of a shaft dynamic balancing process and shaft structure. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the invention. These examples are merely illustrative to aid in understanding the method and core concepts of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to the invention without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for dynamic balancing of a shaft system, characterized in that, The process includes: Each component on the shaft system is individually dynamically balanced to meet the required balance accuracy. The various components on the shaft system are assembled into a shaft system assembly to achieve the product's usage condition. The shaft system assembly is then subjected to dynamic balancing testing to ensure that it meets the maximum allowable imbalance required by the product design. Mark the relative positions of the joints on the surfaces of the components on the shaft system, and disassemble the shaft system assembly into its component state; The rotor inside the shaft system is magnetized, and the components on the shaft system are assembled into a shaft system assembly according to the relative position marks to achieve the product's usability.

2. The shaft dynamic balancing process method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic balancing test step includes performing a high-speed rotation test on the shaft assembly and recording the vibration amplitude at each test point to determine whether the maximum allowable imbalance requirement is met.

3. The shaft dynamic balancing process method according to claim 2, characterized in that, After determining whether the maximum permissible imbalance requirement is met, when the imbalance exceeds the maximum permissible value required by the product design, the components or shaft assembly are adjusted by removing or adding weight until the balance accuracy requirement is met.

4. The shaft dynamic balancing process method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The relative position markings include at least one of the following forms: engravings, marking lines, or coded markings, to facilitate disassembly and ensure that the relative mating positions of the components are consistent during disassembly and reassembly, thereby reducing balance errors.

5. The shaft dynamic balancing process method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The relative position markings are coded markings, which are formed on the non-working surfaces of each component by laser etching.

6. The shaft dynamic balancing process method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Before assembling the various components on the shaft system into a shaft system assembly to reach the product's usability, locating pin holes are provided at the connection points of each component. The locating pin holes pass through both ends of the connection point, and locating pins are installed in the locating pin holes to limit the circumferential relative positional deviation of each component.

7. The shaft dynamic balancing process method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The weight reduction or weight increase correction step includes locally reducing the weight in the non-working surface area of ​​the rotor, wherein the locally reduced weight area avoids the area where the positioning pin hole is located.

8. The shaft dynamic balancing process method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before magnetizing the rotor within the shaft system, the rotor surface is cleaned to remove residual metal debris.

9. A shaft system structure, comprising a rotor (1) and a main impeller (2) and an air-cooled impeller (3) respectively disposed at both ends of the shaft head of the rotor (1), characterized in that, Dynamic balancing is performed using the shaft dynamic balancing process method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. The shaft system structure according to claim 9, characterized in that, Positioning pins (5) are provided at the connection points of the rotor (1), the main impeller (2), and the air-cooled wheel (3).

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