Energy storage heat equalization system and adjustment method based on active adjustment of battery cell state

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of energy storage heat equalizing system and adjusting method based on active adjustment of battery state, including battery array liquid cooling shell, central passageway is provided with in the central direction of battery array liquid cooling shell along X, two rows of battery arrays are symmetrically arranged on the both sides of central passageway;Each row of battery arrays is formed by several groups of mutually parallel rectangular battery along X direction equidistant array, and a liquid cooling channel is formed between any two adjacent groups of rectangular battery;The side of each battery array as a whole away from central passageway is formed with an edge channel extending along X direction between battery array liquid cooling shell circumferential inner wall, and the problem of cold zone uniformity under different states of battery static structure is alleviated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of heat dissipation systems for energy storage cells. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of thermal management of energy storage battery systems, fixed flow channel designs have long dominated. These traditional cooling systems, through pre-defined geometry and fluid channel layouts, can maintain a relatively ideal temperature equilibrium within a specific rated power range. However, it is worth noting that when the battery system operates under dynamic conditions, especially when facing the three typical operating modes of low power (<0.5C), medium power (0.5-1C), and high power (>1C), the heat absorption uniformity of the cooling medium will fluctuate significantly. This phenomenon has become a major bottleneck restricting the performance optimization of battery systems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides an energy storage heat equalization system and adjustment method based on active adjustment of cell state, which alleviates the problem of uniformity of cold zone in static structure under different cell states.

[0004] Technical solution: To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an energy storage heat dissipation system based on active cell state adjustment, comprising a cell array liquid-cooled housing, a central passage extending along the X direction in the center of the cell array liquid-cooled housing, and two rows of cell arrays symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central passage; each row of cell arrays is composed of several groups of parallel rectangular cells equidistantly arranged along the X direction, and a liquid-cooled channel is formed between any two adjacent groups of rectangular cells;

[0005] Each cell array, as a whole, forms an edge channel extending along the X direction between the side away from the central passage and the circumferential inner wall of the cell array liquid-cooled housing.

[0006] Each liquid cooling channel is perpendicularly connected to the edge channel and the central passageway at both ends along the Y direction;

[0007] The central passageway contains a hot oil outlet, a cold oil inlet a, and b cold oil inlet b. The hot oil outlet is located in the center of the central passageway, while the cold oil inlets a and b are symmetrically located on either side of the hot oil outlet.

[0008] Furthermore, a first pulley and a second pulley are rotatably installed at both ends of the central passageway; a liquid-constrained conveyor belt extending along the X direction is installed in the central passageway, with the two ends of the liquid-constrained conveyor belt passing over the first pulley and the second pulley respectively; from a top view, the hot oil outlet, cold oil inlet a, and cold oil inlet b are all within the enclosed area of ​​the liquid-constrained conveyor belt; a ring of strip-shaped openings is cut out along the path of the liquid-constrained conveyor belt at its middle height, and the central passageway connects the space within the enclosed area of ​​the liquid-constrained conveyor belt through the ring of strip-shaped openings.

[0009] Furthermore, at least one of the first and second pulleys is a drive pulley that can be driven by an adjustable motor.

[0010] Furthermore, the liquid-constrained conveyor belt includes a liquid-constrained conveyor belt segment a and a liquid-constrained conveyor belt segment b parallel to each other along the X direction; a first follower component and a second follower component are arranged in the central passage; the first follower component is located between the hot oil outlet and the cold oil inlet a, and the second follower component is located between the hot oil outlet and the cold oil inlet b; the first follower component and the second follower component move synchronously with the liquid-constrained conveyor belt segment a and the liquid-constrained conveyor belt segment b, respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, both the first follower component and the second follower component include an a-isolation block, a b-isolation block, and a shuttle block. A belt shuttle gap is formed between the a-isolation block and the b-isolation block, and the middle height between the a-isolation block and the b-isolation block is integrally connected by the shuttle block.

[0012] Furthermore, the shuttle block of the first follower component moves through the strip opening on section a of the liquid-constrained conveyor belt, and section b of the liquid-constrained conveyor belt moves along the X direction through the belt body shuttle gap on the first follower component; the isolation block a of the first follower component is integrally fixed on section a of the liquid-constrained conveyor belt; the shuttle block of the second follower component moves through the strip opening on section b of the liquid-constrained conveyor belt, and section a of the liquid-constrained conveyor belt moves along the X direction through the belt body shuttle gap on the second follower component; the isolation block a of the second follower component is integrally fixed on section a of the liquid-constrained conveyor belt; both the first and second follower components cut off the central passage at their respective positions; and the isolation blocks a of the first and second follower components divide the enclosure area of ​​the liquid-constrained conveyor belt into a first enclosure area, a second enclosure area, and a third enclosure area; the hot oil outlet, the cold oil inlet a, and the cold oil inlet b are located in the first enclosure area, the second enclosure area, and the third enclosure area, respectively.

[0013] Furthermore, the space within the liquid-cooled housing of the cell array is divided into a first section, a second section, and a third section along the X direction; the first follower component is located at the boundary between the first and second sections, and the second follower component is located at the boundary between the second and third sections; the liquid-cooling channels within the first, second, and third sections are respectively the left leading liquid-cooling channel, the central trailing liquid-cooling channel, and the right leading liquid-cooling channel.

[0014] Furthermore, when the heating power of the cell array is at a low power level: by controlling the first pulley or the second pulley to rotate counterclockwise, the liquid constraint conveyor belt a section and the liquid constraint conveyor belt b section respectively drive the first follower component and the second follower component to move away from each other; until, from a top-down view, the first follower component and the second follower component are just about to contact the edges of the a cold oil inlet and the b cold oil inlet respectively.

[0015] When the heating power of the battery cell array is at the high power level: by controlling the first pulley or the second pulley to rotate clockwise, the liquid-constrained conveyor belt segment a and the liquid-constrained conveyor belt segment b respectively drive the first follower component and the second follower component to move closer to each other, until, from a top-down view, the first follower component and the second follower component are just about to contact the edges of both ends of the hot oil outlet.

[0016] When the heating power of the battery cell array is at the medium power level: by controlling the rotation of the first pulley or the second pulley, the liquid constraint conveyor belt a section and the liquid constraint conveyor belt b section respectively drive the first follower component and the second follower component to move at the same speed but in opposite directions, until the first follower component is centered between the a cold oil inlet and the hot oil outlet from the top view, and the second follower component is centered between the hot oil outlet and the b cold oil inlet.

[0017] Beneficial effects: This invention can effectively alleviate the problem of cold zone uniformity in static structures under different cell conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the arrangement of two rows of battery cells (the outer casing and other structures are hidden).

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall layout of the liquid-cooled battery box in this solution;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the liquid-constrained conveyor belt, the first pulley, the second pulley, the first follower component, and the second follower component in combination.

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 An enlarged view of mark 8;

[0022] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the first follower component and the second follower component;

[0023] Figure 6 The final velocity contour plot obtained by ANSYS Fluent under the "first case";

[0024] Figure 7 The final flow field visualization obtained by ANSYS Fluent under the "first case";

[0025] Figure 8 The final velocity contour plot obtained by ANSYS Fluent under the "second case";

[0026] Figure 9The final flow field visualization obtained by ANSYS Fluent under the "second case";

[0027] Figure 10 for Figures 6 to 9 A diagram of a colorimetric card. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] As attached Figures 1 to 10 The image shows an energy storage heat dissipation system based on active cell condition adjustment.

[0030] Overall structural combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 The device includes a liquid-cooled housing 5 for the battery cell array. A central passage 6 extends along the X direction from the center of the liquid-cooled housing 5. Two rows of battery cell arrays 1 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central passage 6. Each row of battery cell arrays 1 is composed of several sets of parallel rectangular battery cells 3 arranged at equal intervals along the X direction. A liquid-cooling channel 9 is formed between any two adjacent sets of rectangular battery cells 3. Each battery cell array 1, as a whole, forms an edge channel 50 extending along the X direction between its side away from the central passage 6 and the inner circumferential wall of the liquid-cooled housing 5. The two ends of each liquid-cooling channel 9 along the Y direction are perpendicularly connected to the edge channel 50 and the central passage 6, respectively. The central passage 6 has a hot oil outlet 15, a cold oil inlet 14, and b cold oil inlet 16. The hot oil outlet 15 is located in the center of the central passage 6, and the a cold oil inlet 14 and b cold oil inlet 16 are symmetrical on both sides of the hot oil outlet 15.

[0031] like Figure 3 , 4 As shown in Figure 5, a first pulley 11 and a second pulley 12 are rotatably installed at both ends of the central passageway 6. At least one of the first pulley 11 and the second pulley 12 is a drive wheel that can be driven by an adjustable motor. A liquid-constrained conveyor belt 17 extending along the X direction is provided in the central passageway 6. The liquid-constrained conveyor belt 17 is made of thermally conductive rubber, which is composed of a rubber matrix, thermally conductive fillers, and additives. The rubber matrix gives the material flexibility and elasticity, such as silicone rubber or nitrile rubber. The thermally conductive fillers are alumina, aluminum nitride, boron nitride, etc., which have high thermal conductivity and can significantly improve the thermal conductivity of the rubber. The principle is that the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive rubber mainly relies on the thermally conductive network formed by the thermally conductive fillers in the rubber matrix. When heat is transferred, the heat is transferred from the high-temperature region to the low-temperature region through the contact between the thermally conductive fillers and the conduction of phonons (lattice vibrations), thereby achieving the purpose of heat dissipation. The upper and lower ends of the liquid-constrained conveyor belt 17 slide or have a gap of less than 0.5 mm with the upper and lower inner walls of the cell array liquid-cooled housing 5.

[0032] like Figure 2The two ends of the liquid-constrained conveyor belt 17 pass over the first pulley 11 and the second pulley 12 respectively. From a top-down view, the hot oil outlet 15, the cold oil inlet a 14, and the cold oil inlet b 16 are all within the enclosure of the liquid-constrained conveyor belt 17. A ring of openings 18 is cut out along the length of the liquid-constrained conveyor belt 17 at its middle height, and the central passageway 6 connects the space within the enclosure of the liquid-constrained conveyor belt 17 through this ring of openings 18. The liquid-constrained conveyor belt 17 includes a liquid-constrained conveyor belt segment a 17a and a liquid-constrained conveyor belt segment b 17a parallel to the X direction. b; A first follower component 7 and a second follower component 8 are provided in the central passageway 6. The upper and lower ends of the first follower component 7 and the second follower component 8 slide or fit with the upper and lower inner walls of the cell array liquid cooling housing 5 with a gap of less than 0.5 mm. The gap has little or no effect on the flow of heat transfer oil. The first follower component 7 is located between the hot oil outlet 15 and the cold oil inlet 14, and the second follower component 8 is located between the hot oil outlet 15 and the cold oil inlet 16. The first follower component 7 and the second follower component 8 move synchronously with the liquid constraint conveyor belt a section 17a and the liquid constraint conveyor belt b section 17b, respectively.

[0033] like Figure 3 , 4 As shown in Figure 5, both the first follower component 7 and the second follower component 8 include an isolation block 21, an isolation block 20, and a shuttle block 22. A belt shuttle gap 23 is formed between the isolation block 21 and the isolation block 20. The middle height between the isolation block 21 and the isolation block 20 is integrally connected by the shuttle block 22.

[0034] The shuttle block 22 of the first follower component 7 moves through the strip opening 18 on the liquid constraint conveyor belt a section 17a, and the liquid constraint conveyor belt b section 17b shuttles through the belt body shuttle gap 23 on the first follower component 7 in the X direction; the a isolation block 21 of the first follower component 7 is integrally fixed on the liquid constraint conveyor belt a section 17a.

[0035] The shuttle block 22 of the second follower component 8 moves through the strip opening 18 on the liquid constraint conveyor belt b section 17b, and the liquid constraint conveyor belt a section 17a shuttles through the belt body shuttle gap 23 on the second follower component 8 in the X direction; the a isolation block 21 of the second follower component 8 is integrally fixed on the liquid constraint conveyor belt a section 17a.

[0036] The first follower component 7 and the second follower component 8 both cut off the central passage 6 at their respective locations; and the a isolation block 21 of the first follower component 7 and the a isolation block 21 of the second follower component 8 divide the enclosure range of the liquid-constrained conveyor belt 17 into a first enclosure area 10a, a second enclosure area 10b and a third enclosure area 10c; the hot oil outlet 15, the a cold oil inlet 14 and the b cold oil inlet 16 are respectively located in the first enclosure area 10a, the second enclosure area 10b and the third enclosure area 10c.

[0037] The space inside the liquid-cooled housing 5 of the cell array is divided into a first interval 4A, a second interval 4B and a third interval 4C along the X direction; the first follower component 7 is located at the boundary line between the first interval 4A and the second interval 4B, and the second follower component 8 is located at the boundary line between the second interval 4B and the third interval 4C; the liquid-cooled channels 9 within the range of the first interval 4A, the second interval 4B and the third interval 4C are respectively denoted as the left leading liquid-cooled channel 9a, the central rearward liquid-cooled channel 9b and the right leading liquid-cooled channel 9c.

[0038] Working principle:

[0039] The heat transfer process of liquid flow in liquid cooling operation, such as... Figure 7 and 9 As shown:

[0040] Cold oil inlet 14 and cold oil inlet 16 continuously introduce cold cooling oil into the first enclosure 10a and the third enclosure 10c, respectively. At the same time, hot oil outlet 15 continuously discharges the cooling oil from the second enclosure 10b.

[0041] The cooling oil in the first enclosure 10a enters the central passage 6 of the first interval 4A through the edge strip opening 18 under positive pressure. The cooling oil entering the central passage 6 of the first interval 4A is divided into several left-leading liquid cooling channels 9a under positive pressure. The cooling oil flows along the Y direction through the left-leading liquid cooling channels 9a and then flows to the edge channel 50 of the first interval 4A.

[0042] At the same time, the cooling oil in the second enclosure 10b enters the central passage 6 of the third section 4C through the edge strip opening 18 under positive pressure. The cooling oil entering the central passage 6 of the third section 4C is diverted to several right-leading liquid cooling channels 9c under positive pressure. The cooling oil flows along the Y direction through the right-leading liquid cooling channel 9a and then flows to the edge channel 50 of the third section 4C.

[0043] Subsequently, the cooling oil in the edge channels 50 of the first section 4A and the third section 4C flows into the edge channel 50 of the second section 4B under the action of oil pressure.

[0044] The cooling oil that then flows into the edge channel 50 of the second section 4B is then distributed into each central rear liquid cooling channel 9b. The cooling oil flows in the Y direction through the central rear liquid cooling channel 9b and then reaches the central passage 6 of the second section 4B. The cooling oil that enters the central passage 6 of the second section 4B then enters the second enclosed area 10b through the strip opening 18 of the second section 4B, thus completing a complete flow cycle.

[0045] In the above process, the cooling oil first absorbs some heat and heats up through the left leading liquid cooling channel 9a and the right leading liquid cooling channel 9c before flowing into the central rear leading liquid cooling channel 9b. The cooling oil, which has already been heated up, continues to absorb heat from the nearby rectangular battery cells 3 after entering the central rear leading liquid cooling channel 9b. As a result, the temperature of the cooling oil in the central rear leading liquid cooling channel 9b is significantly higher than that in the left leading liquid cooling channel 9a and the right leading liquid cooling channel 9c. This leads to a decrease in the heat absorption efficiency of the cooling oil in the central rear leading liquid cooling channel 9b.

[0046] Although the temperature of the central rearward liquid cooling channel 9b is relatively high in this scheme, the cooling oil in the central rearward liquid cooling channel 9b is formed by the convergence of the cooling oil in the left leading liquid cooling channel 9a and the right leading liquid cooling channel 9c. Therefore, the liquid flow velocity in the central rearward liquid cooling channel 9b is significantly higher than the flow velocity of the cooling oil in the left leading liquid cooling channel 9a and the right leading liquid cooling channel 9c. The faster the flow velocity, the more the turbulence effect enhances the heat exchange efficiency and the higher the heat dissipation efficiency. This compensates for the higher temperature of the cooling oil in the central rearward liquid cooling channel 9b, thereby eliminating to some extent the problem of inconsistent cooling efficiency between the central rearward liquid cooling channel 9b and the left leading liquid cooling channel 9a and the right leading liquid cooling channel 9c.

[0047] However, the heat generation power of the cell array 1 inside the liquid-cooled housing 5 of the cell array has at least two levels: high power and low power, under different operating conditions;

[0048] If this solution is a static structure:

[0049] When the heat dissipation power of cell array 1 is at the low power level:

[0050] The cooling oil absorbs less heat as it passes through the left leading liquid cooling channel 9a and the right leading liquid cooling channel 9c. Consequently, the temperature of the cooling oil in the central rearward liquid cooling channel 9b is not significantly higher than that in the left leading liquid cooling channels 9a and 9c. At this point, the difference in heat absorption efficiency of the cooling oil between the central rearward liquid cooling channel 9b and the left leading liquid cooling channels 9a and 9c due to the temperature difference is not significant. However, if the liquid flow rate in the central rearward liquid cooling channel 9b is still significantly higher than that in the left leading liquid cooling channels 9a and 9c, then the central rearward liquid cooling channel 9b will have a higher heat absorption efficiency than the left leading liquid cooling channels 9a and 9c due to the higher flow rate. This results in an inconsistency in cooling efficiency between the central rearward liquid cooling channel 9b and the left leading liquid cooling channels 9a and 9c.

[0051] When the heat dissipation power of cell array 1 is at the high power level:

[0052] The cooling oil absorbs a large amount of heat as it passes through the left leading liquid cooling channel 9a and the right leading liquid cooling channel 9c, resulting in a significantly higher temperature of the cooling oil in the central rearward liquid cooling channel 9b compared to the left and right leading liquid cooling channels 9a and 9c. At this point, the difference in heat absorption efficiency between the central rearward liquid cooling channel 9b and the left and right leading liquid cooling channels 9a and 9c due to the temperature difference is too large. However, if the liquid flow rate in the central rearward liquid cooling channel 9b is not significantly higher than the cooling oil flow rate in the left and right leading liquid cooling channels 9a and 9c, the central rearward liquid cooling channel 9b will have a lower heat absorption efficiency than the left and right leading liquid cooling channels 9a and 9c due to the higher temperature difference. This leads to an inconsistency in cooling efficiency between the central rearward liquid cooling channel 9b and the left and right leading liquid cooling channels 9a and 9c.

[0053] This solution utilizes the dynamic structure of the liquid-constrained conveyor belt 17, combined with the fluid dynamics finite element analysis software ANSYS Fluent, to design a unique heat equalization regulation method:

[0054] The adjustment method for the first situation:

[0055] When the heat dissipation power of cell array 1 is at the low power level:

[0056] By controlling the first pulley 11 or the second pulley 12 to rotate counterclockwise, the liquid constraint conveyor belt a section 17a and the liquid constraint conveyor belt b section 17b respectively drive the first follower component 7 and the second follower component 8 to move away from each other; until, from a top-down perspective, the first follower component 7 and the second follower component 8 are just about to contact the edges of the a cold oil inlet 14 and the b cold oil inlet 16 respectively.

[0057] The structure under this condition was modeled in 3D, and then the 3D model was imported into the finite element analysis software ANSYS Fluent. The geometry was simplified, the fluid domain was divided, and the fluid medium (silicone oil (PDMS)) was defined. ANSYS Meshing or Fluent's built-in meshing tool was used. The core boundary conditions of this scheme are as follows: Inlet: The liquid velocity at the liquid outlets of a) cold oil inlet 14 and b) cold oil inlet 16 is defined as 0.38 m / s; Outlet: The pressure outlet of hot oil outlet 15 is defined as atmospheric pressure; Wall surface: no slip / slip; Post-processing analysis and visualization of the numerical simulation results were performed, resulting in velocity contour maps and flow field visualizations, as shown below. Figure 6 and 7As shown in the velocity cloud map and flow field visualization obtained from ANSYS Fluent, under this state, the liquid flow velocity in the central rearward liquid cooling channel 9b is comparable to the flow velocity of the cooling oil in the left leading liquid cooling channel 9a and the right leading liquid cooling channel 9c. This avoids the problem of the cooling oil in the central rearward liquid cooling channel 9b having a significantly higher heat absorption efficiency than the left leading liquid cooling channel 9a and the right leading liquid cooling channel 9c due to the high flow velocity, which would otherwise result in inconsistent cooling efficiencies between the central rearward liquid cooling channel 9b and the left leading liquid cooling channel 9a and the right leading liquid cooling channel 9c, thus avoiding wasting oil pump losses and refrigeration system operating power.

[0058] The adjustment method for the second situation:

[0059] When the heat dissipation power of cell array 1 is at the high power level:

[0060] By controlling the first pulley 11 or the second pulley 12 to rotate clockwise, the liquid-constrained conveyor belt a section 17a and the liquid-constrained conveyor belt b section 17b respectively drive the first follower component 7 and the second follower component 8 to move closer to each other until, from a top-down perspective, the first follower component 7 and the second follower component 8 are just about to contact the edges of both ends of the hot oil outlet 15. A 3D model of the structure in this state is then created, and the 3D model is imported into the finite element analysis software ANSYS Fluent. The geometry is simplified, the fluid domain is divided, and the fluid medium, silicone oil PDMS, is defined. ANSYS Meshing or Fluent's built-in meshing tool is used. The core boundary conditions of this scheme are: Inlet: The liquid outlet velocity at the liquid outlets of a cold oil inlet 14 and b cold oil inlet 16 is defined as 0.38 m / s; Outlet: The pressure outlet of the hot oil outlet 15 is defined as atmospheric pressure; Wall surface: no slip / slip. The numerical simulation results are analyzed and visualized, resulting in velocity cloud maps and flow field visualizations, as shown below. Figure 8 and 9 As shown in the velocity cloud map and flow field visualization obtained from ANSYS Fluent, under this state, the liquid flow velocity in the central rearward liquid cooling channel 9b is significantly higher than the cooling oil flow velocity in the left leading liquid cooling channel 9a and the right leading liquid cooling channel 9c. This avoids the problem that the cooling oil heat absorption efficiency in the central rearward liquid cooling channel 9b is significantly lower than that in the left leading liquid cooling channel 9a and the right leading liquid cooling channel 9c due to the significant difference in cooling oil temperature. This compensates for the higher temperature of the cooling oil in the central rearward liquid cooling channel 9b, thereby eliminating to some extent the problem of inconsistent cooling efficiency between the central rearward liquid cooling channel 9b and the left leading liquid cooling channel 9a and the right leading liquid cooling channel 9c.

[0061] Based on the above rules and principles, the following strategy for the third case is derived:

[0062] The adjustment method for the third situation:

[0063] When the heat dissipation power of cell array 1 is at the medium power level:

[0064] By controlling the rotation of the first pulley 11 or the second pulley 12, the liquid-constrained conveyor belt a section 17a and the liquid-constrained conveyor belt b section 17b respectively drive the first follower component 7 and the second follower component 8 to move at the same speed but in opposite directions, until, from a top-view perspective, the first follower component 7 is centered between the a cold oil inlet 14 and the hot oil outlet 15, and the second follower component 8 is centered between the hot oil outlet 15 and the b cold oil inlet 16.

[0065] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy storage heat dissipation system based on active cell state adjustment, characterized in that: The device includes a liquid-cooled housing (5) for a battery cell array. A central passage (6) is provided in the center of the liquid-cooled housing (5) along the X direction. Two rows of battery cell arrays (1) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central passage (6). Each row of battery cell arrays (1) is composed of several sets of parallel rectangular battery cells (3) arranged at equal intervals along the X direction. A liquid-cooled channel (9) is formed between any two adjacent sets of rectangular battery cells (3). Each of the battery cell arrays (1) as a whole forms an edge channel (50) extending in the X direction between the side away from the central passage (6) and the circumferential inner wall of the battery cell array liquid cooling shell (5). Each liquid cooling channel (9) is perpendicularly connected to the edge channel (50) and the central passage (6) at both ends along the Y direction. The central passage (6) contains a hot oil outlet (15), a cold oil inlet (14) and a cold oil inlet (16). The hot oil outlet (15) is located in the center of the central passage (6), and the a cold oil inlet (14) and the b cold oil inlet (16) are symmetrical to the two sides of the hot oil outlet (15). The central passageway (6) is rotatably equipped with a first pulley (11) and a second pulley (12) at both ends; a liquid-constrained conveyor belt (17) extending along the X direction is provided in the central passageway (6), and the two ends of the liquid-constrained conveyor belt (17) drive across the first pulley (11) and the second pulley (12) respectively; from a top view, the hot oil outlet (15), a cold oil inlet (14) and b cold oil inlet (16) are all within the enclosed area of ​​the liquid-constrained conveyor belt (17); a ring of strip-shaped openings (18) is hollowed out along its own length at the middle height of the liquid-constrained conveyor belt (17), and the central passageway (6) connects the space within the enclosed area of ​​the liquid-constrained conveyor belt (17) through the ring of strip-shaped openings (18); The liquid-constrained conveyor belt (17) includes a liquid-constrained conveyor belt section a (17a) and a liquid-constrained conveyor belt section b (17b) parallel to each other along the X direction; a first follower component (7) and a second follower component (8) are provided in the central passageway (6); the first follower component (7) is located between the hot oil outlet (15) and the cold oil inlet (14), and the second follower component (8) is located between the hot oil outlet (15) and the cold oil inlet (16); the first follower component (7) and the second follower component (8) move synchronously with the liquid-constrained conveyor belt section a (17a) and the liquid-constrained conveyor belt section b (17b), respectively. The first follower component (7) and the second follower component (8) both include an a-isolation block (21), a b-isolation block (20) and a shuttle block (22). A belt shuttle gap (23) is formed between the a-isolation block (21) and the b-isolation block (20). The middle height between the a-isolation block (21) and the b-isolation block (20) is integrally connected by the shuttle block (22). The shuttle block (22) of the first follower component (7) moves through the strip opening (18) on the liquid-constrained conveyor belt a section (17a), and the liquid-constrained conveyor belt b section (17b) moves through the belt body shuttle gap (23) on the first follower component (7) in the X direction; the a isolation block (21) of the first follower component (7) is integrally fixed on the liquid-constrained conveyor belt a section (17a); the shuttle block (22) of the second follower component (8) moves through the strip opening (18) on the liquid-constrained conveyor belt b section (17b), and the liquid-constrained conveyor belt a section (17a) moves through the belt body shuttle gap (23) on the second follower component (8) in the X direction; the a isolation block (21) of the second follower component (8) is integrally fixed on the liquid-constrained conveyor belt b section (17b); The first follower component (7) and the second follower component (8) both cut off the central passage (6) at their respective locations; and the a isolation block (21) of the first follower component (7) and the a isolation block (21) of the second follower component (8) divide the enclosure of the liquid-constrained conveyor belt (17) into a first enclosure area (10a), a second enclosure area (10b) and a third enclosure area (10c); the hot oil outlet (15), the a cold oil inlet (14) and the b cold oil inlet (16) are respectively located in the first enclosure area (10a), the second enclosure area (10b) and the third enclosure area (10c).

2. The energy storage heat dissipation system based on active cell state adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one of the first pulley (11) and the second pulley (12) is a drive pulley that can be driven by an adjustable motor.

3. The energy storage heat dissipation system based on active cell state adjustment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The space inside the liquid-cooled housing (5) of the cell array is divided into a first section (4A), a second section (4B) and a third section (4C) along the X direction; the first follower component (7) is located at the boundary line between the first section (4A) and the second section (4B), and the second follower component (8) is located at the boundary line between the second section (4B) and the third section (4C); the liquid-cooled channels (9) within the range of the first section (4A), the second section (4B) and the third section (4C) are the left leading liquid-cooled channel (9a), the central rearward liquid-cooled channel (9b) and the right leading liquid-cooled channel (9c), respectively.

4. The adjustment method for an energy storage heat dissipation system based on active cell state adjustment according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the heating power of the cell array (1) is at a low power level: by controlling the first pulley (11) or the second pulley (12) to rotate counterclockwise, the liquid constraint conveyor belt a section (17a) and the liquid constraint conveyor belt b section (17b) respectively drive the first follower component (7) and the second follower component (8) to move away from each other; until, from a top view, the first follower component (7) and the second follower component (8) are just about to contact the edges of the a cold oil inlet (14) and the b cold oil inlet (16) respectively; When the heating power of the cell array (1) is at the high power level: by controlling the first pulley (11) or the second pulley (12) to rotate clockwise, the liquid constraint conveyor belt a section (17a) and the liquid constraint conveyor belt b section (17b) respectively drive the first follower component (7) and the second follower component (8) to move closer to each other until, from a top-view perspective, the first follower component (7) and the second follower component (8) are just about to contact the edges of both ends of the hot oil outlet (15); When the heating power of the cell array (1) is at the medium power level: by controlling the rotation of the first pulley (11) or the second pulley (12), the liquid constraint conveyor belt a section (17a) and the liquid constraint conveyor belt b section (17b) respectively drive the first follower component (7) and the second follower component (8) to move at the same speed but in opposite directions, until the first follower component (7) is centered between the a cold oil inlet (14) and the hot oil outlet (15) in the top view, and the second follower component (8) is centered between the hot oil outlet (15) and the b cold oil inlet (16).

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