A protective structure and construction method for adjacent buildings during pile foundation construction

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of foundation pit construction protection technology, specifically to a protective structure and construction method for adjacent buildings during pile foundation construction. It includes several protective piles and a protective plate connecting adjacent protective piles. Each protective pile comprises a fixed pile and a connecting pile, with the fixed pile located below the connecting pile. The protective plate is fixedly connected to the connecting pile. A support rod is movably connected between the fixed pile and the connecting pile. Several monitoring components are evenly distributed along the height direction inside the fixed pile, each monitoring component including at least four monitoring elements, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the fixed pile. This allows for simultaneous monitoring of the relative displacement between the fixed pile and the connecting pile caused by geological settlement, forming a comprehensive monitoring system for both horizontal collapse and vertical settlement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of foundation pit construction protection technology, specifically to a protective structure and construction method for adjacent buildings during pile foundation construction. Background Technology

[0002] In urban construction, pile foundation construction (such as bored piles and static pressure piles) often affects the stability of the foundations of adjacent buildings due to vibration, soil disturbance, or changes in groundwater. This can lead to the collapse or settlement of surrounding geological layers, resulting in safety hazards such as building cracking and tilting. Traditional protective measures only use rigid structures to block soil displacement, which cannot monitor geological changes in real time and make it difficult to provide timely warnings. They also cannot distinguish the direction of collapse or quantify the degree of settlement, resulting in a lack of targeted reinforcement measures.

[0003] Therefore, this application provides a protective structure and construction method for adjacent buildings during pile foundation construction, which protects adjacent buildings while efficiently detecting geological changes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a protective structure and construction method for adjacent buildings during pile foundation construction.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a protective structure for adjacent buildings during pile foundation construction, comprising a plurality of protective piles and a protective plate connected between two adjacent protective piles, wherein the protective piles include fixed piles and connecting piles, the fixed piles are located below the connecting piles, and the protective plate is fixedly connected to the connecting piles; A support rod is movably connected between the fixed pile and the connecting pile. Several monitoring sections are evenly arranged along the height direction inside the fixed pile. Each monitoring section includes at least four monitoring components, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the fixed pile. Each monitoring component includes a guide column and a monitoring rod. One end of the monitoring rod is slidably connected to the guide column. An auxiliary spring is arranged inside both the monitoring rod and the guide column. A monitoring sensor is arranged inside the guide column. A monitoring plate is arranged at the outer end of the monitoring rod. The fixed pile has a monitoring opening to accommodate the monitoring plate. When pile foundation construction affects ground stability and causes loosening of the geological layer, the monitoring plate pops outward under the action of the auxiliary spring. The monitoring sensor is used to monitor the displacement distance of the monitoring rod.

[0006] As an optimization, the upper part of the fixed pile and the lower part of the connecting pile are provided with a connecting cavity, the two ends of the support rod are provided with limit plates, the limit plates are slidably disposed in the connecting cavity, and a support spring is provided between the limit plates and the opening end of the connecting cavity; A first distance sensor is provided on the side of the connecting cavity away from the opening end. The first distance sensor is used to monitor the relative displacement between the support rod and the protective pile.

[0007] As an optimization, the guide post is set horizontally, and a limit ring is provided at the end of the monitoring rod away from the monitoring plate. The auxiliary spring is connected between the limit ring and the inner bottom of the guide post. The guide post is detachably connected to a limiting pin. In the initial state, the limiting pin is located on the side of the limiting ring away from the auxiliary spring, which is used to lock the initial position of the monitoring piece.

[0008] As an optimization, the fixed pile is internally equipped with an auxiliary pull rope, which is connected to the upper end of the limiting pin and the upper end of the auxiliary pull rope is connected to the lower end of the support rod.

[0009] As an optimization, an electromagnet is provided at the bottom of the guide post. The electromagnet is used to magnetically attract the limiting ring. The monitoring sensor is located on the side of the electromagnet opposite to the limiting ring. The monitoring sensor is a second distance sensor, which is used to monitor the displacement distance of the limiting ring.

[0010] A construction method for a protective structure adjacent to a building during pile foundation construction includes the following steps: S1. Pre-drilled hole: Pre-drill an installation hole next to a nearby building; S2. Assembly: Connecting the protective piles to the protective plate to form a protective structure; S3. Positioning and Installation: Insert the fixing pile into the installation hole of S1 and fill it to make the fixing pile vertically installed. Pull the support rod upward to release the monitoring component and continue backfilling until the lower part of the connecting pile is completely buried. S4. Protection Monitoring: When the geological layer collapses, the monitoring component in the direction of collapse is depressurized and extends outward under the action of the auxiliary spring. The collapse distance is monitored by the second distance sensor. When the geological layer settles, the geological layer drives the fixed pile downward, and the relative displacement occurs between the fixed pile and the support rod.

[0011] As an optimization, the length of the mounting hole is greater than the length of the fixed pile. When installing the protective pile, the fixed pile must be completely buried, and at least 1 / 3 of the height of the connecting pile must be buried.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this plan are as follows: By using monitoring components (monitoring plates, auxiliary springs, and sensors) evenly distributed within the fixed piles, the direction and degree of loosening of the geological layer can be sensed in real time. When a collapse occurs, the monitoring plates automatically pop out and the displacement distance is recorded by the monitoring sensors, achieving accurate monitoring from multiple directions. The support rod and the first distance sensor in the connecting cavity work together to simultaneously monitor the relative displacement between the fixed piles and the connecting piles caused by geological settlement, forming a full-dimensional monitoring system of "horizontal collapse + vertical settlement". Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the protective pile of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the protective pile of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the AA cross-section structure.

[0017] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram of part B.

[0018] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A magnified structural diagram of part C.

[0019] Among them, 1. Protective plate, 2. Fixed pile, 3. Connecting pile, 4. Support rod, 5. Guide column, 6. Monitoring rod, 7. Monitoring plate, 8. Connecting cavity, 9. Limiting plate, 10. Support spring, 11. First distance sensor, 12. Auxiliary spring, 13. Auxiliary pull rope, 14. Electromagnet, 15. Second distance sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] like Figures 1-6 As shown, a protective structure for adjacent buildings during pile foundation construction includes a plurality of protective piles and a protective plate 1 connecting two adjacent protective piles. The protective piles include fixed piles 2 and connecting piles 3. The fixed piles 2 are located below the connecting piles 3, and the protective plate 1 is fixedly connected to the connecting piles 3. A support rod 4 is movably connected between the fixed pile 2 and the connecting pile 3. Several monitoring parts are evenly arranged inside the fixed pile 2 along the height direction. Each monitoring part includes at least four monitoring components. The multiple monitoring components are evenly distributed along the circumference of the fixed pile 2. Each monitoring component includes a guide column 5 and a monitoring rod 6. One end of the monitoring rod 6 is slidably connected to the guide column 5. An auxiliary spring 12 is arranged inside the monitoring rod 6 and the guide column 5. A monitoring sensor is arranged inside the guide column 5. A monitoring piece 7 is arranged at the outer end of the monitoring rod 6. The fixed pile 2 has a monitoring port for accommodating the monitoring piece 7. When the pile foundation construction affects the stability of the foundation and causes the geological layer to loosen, the monitoring piece 7 pops outward under the action of the auxiliary spring 12. The monitoring sensor is used to monitor the displacement distance of the monitoring rod 6.

[0023] Fixed piles 2 are typically constructed of high-strength concrete or steel-concrete composite structures, with pre-embedded installation channels for monitoring components. An anti-corrosion coating (such as epoxy resin) can be applied to the pile surface to combat groundwater corrosion.

[0024] The connecting pile 3 is made of the same material as the fixed pile 2, but a connection interface (such as bolt holes or welding plates) for connecting to the protective plate 1 must be reserved at the top. To reduce weight, a hollow steel pipe structure can be used, filled with lightweight foamed concrete.

[0025] Fixed pile 2 must be completely embedded in the soil layer, with a depth exceeding the potential sliding surface, typically more than 1.5 times the pile length. Connecting pile 3 is partially embedded (1 / 3 of its height) and constructed using a vibratory hammer or static pressure method.

[0026] Protective plate 1 is made of corrugated steel plate or reinforced concrete slab, 10-20cm thick, and connected by bolts or welding. Reflective strips or warning signs can be added to the surface. Protective plate 1 is welded to connecting pile 3 by pre-embedded steel plates, or a hinged structure is used to accommodate slight foundation deformation. The gaps between the plates are filled with elastic sealant to prevent soil erosion.

[0027] The monitoring plate 7 is made of stainless steel or galvanized steel sheet, with an outer rubber layer to enhance friction with the soil. A waterproof sealing ring is installed at the edge of the monitoring port to prevent mud and sand intrusion. An aluminum alloy or stainless steel tube is used, with a sliding rail on the inner wall to ensure the linear movement of the monitoring rod 6.

[0028] like Figure 4 As shown, the upper part of the fixed pile 2 and the lower part of the connecting pile 3 are provided with a connecting cavity 8. The two ends of the support rod 4 are provided with limit plates 9. The limit plates 9 are slidably disposed in the connecting cavity 8. A support spring 10 is provided between the limit plates 9 and the opening end of the connecting cavity 8. A first distance sensor 11 is disposed on the side of the connecting cavity 8 away from the opening end. The first distance sensor 11 is used to monitor the relative displacement between the support rod 4 and the protective pile.

[0029] The support rod 4 is a hollow steel tube, and the limiting plates 9 at both ends are made of hot-rolled steel plates. Graphite lubricant is applied to the sliding surface of the connecting cavity 8 to reduce friction. The support spring 10 is made of 60Si2MnA spring steel, and the stiffness coefficient is calculated based on geological conditions, typically 50-100 N / mm.

[0030] Support rod 4 can be replaced with a hydraulic damper to buffer settlement impact through oil pressure and integrate a displacement sensor.

[0031] The first distance sensor 11 is preferably a laser rangefinder or LVDT with an accuracy of ±0.1mm.

[0032] like Figure 6 As shown, the guide post 5 is horizontally arranged, and a limit ring is provided at the end of the monitoring rod 6 away from the monitoring piece 7. The auxiliary spring 12 is connected between the limit ring and the inner bottom of the guide post 5. The guide post 5 is detachably connected to a limiting pin. In the initial state, the limiting pin is located on the side of the limiting ring away from the auxiliary spring 12, which is used to lock the initial position of the monitoring piece 7.

[0033] like Figure 6 As shown, the fixed pile 2 is equipped with an auxiliary pull rope 13 inside. The auxiliary pull rope 13 is connected to the upper end of the limiting pin, and the upper end of the auxiliary pull rope 13 is connected to the lower end of the support rod 4.

[0034] The auxiliary pull rope 13 is a stainless steel wire rope with a diameter of ≥3mm and is covered with a PVC sheath for corrosion protection.

[0035] like Figure 6 As shown, an electromagnet 14 is disposed at the bottom of the guide post 5. The electromagnet 14 is used to magnetically attract the limiting ring. The monitoring sensor is disposed on the side of the electromagnet 14 opposite to the limiting ring. The monitoring sensor is a second distance sensor 15, which is used to monitor the displacement distance of the limiting ring.

[0036] The second distance sensor 15 is preferably a laser rangefinder or LVDT with an accuracy of ±0.1mm.

[0037] The electromagnet 14 is powered by DC, and the attraction force must be greater than the preload of the auxiliary spring 12.

[0038] A construction method for a protective structure adjacent to a building during pile foundation construction includes the following steps: S1. Pre-drilled hole: Pre-drill an installation hole next to a nearby building; Before construction, a geological radar should be used to scan the area within 50m around the adjacent buildings, focusing on monitoring soil density, groundwater level and distribution of existing pipelines, and to draw a three-dimensional geological model to determine the spacing of protective piles (3-5m / pile recommended).

[0039] Based on the survey results, the configuration density of the monitoring components is selected as follows: one monitoring unit is set up every 0.5m in soft soil layer area, and one unit is set up every 1m in hard soil layer.

[0040] The hole was drilled using a spiral drilling rig, with a diameter 1.3 times that of the fixed pile 2. A 300mm thick layer of graded crushed stone with a particle size of 5-20mm was laid at the bottom of the hole and compacted to a compaction degree of ≥93% using a plate vibrator.

[0041] After drilling, cement mortar is sprayed onto the borehole wall to protect it and prevent collapse. Before installation, a 20cm thick gravel layer is laid at the bottom of the hole as a drainage layer. S2. Assembly: Connect the protective piles to the protective plate 1 to form a protective structure; S3. Positioning and installation: Insert the fixing pile 2 into the installation hole of S1 and fill it in, so that the fixing pile 2 is installed vertically. Pull the support rod 4 upward to release the monitoring component, and continue backfilling the soil until the lower part of the connecting pile 3 is completely buried. The first distance sensor 11 is a laser displacement sensor (range 0-200mm, accuracy ±0.1mm), which needs to be zero-point calibrated after installation.

[0042] The support rod 4 pulls the auxiliary pull rope 13, causing the limit pin to be removed from inside the guide column 5.

[0043] S4. Protection monitoring: When the geological layer collapses, the monitoring component in the direction of collapse is relieved of pressure and extends outward under the action of the auxiliary spring 12. The collapse distance is monitored by the second distance sensor 15. When the geological layer settles, the geological layer drives the fixed pile 2 downward, and the relative displacement occurs between the fixed pile 2 and the support rod 4.

[0044] Establish a monitoring threshold system through the controller: Horizontal alarm threshold: Single point displacement > 15mm or displacement difference between two adjacent points > 5mm; Vertical alarm threshold: Settlement rate > 0.5 mm / min within 10 minutes; Configure a wireless transmission module (LoRa protocol) to upload sensor data to the cloud monitoring platform in real time.

[0045] When the monitoring component triggers the threshold, it automatically sends a text message to the on-duty personnel; when more than 3 adjacent monitoring points trigger the threshold, it activates the audible and visual alarm and suspends the pile foundation construction.

[0046] If vertical settlement exceeds 10mm, the building reinforcement plan should be activated immediately. The length of the mounting hole is greater than the length of the fixed pile 2. When installing the protective pile, the fixed pile 2 must be completely buried, and at least 1 / 3 of the height of the connecting pile 3 must be buried.

[0047] The above-described specific embodiments are merely specific examples of the present invention. The patent protection scope of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the product form and style of the above-described specific embodiments. Any pile foundation construction adjacent building protection structure and construction method that conforms to the claims of the present invention, and any appropriate changes or modifications made to it by those skilled in the art, shall fall within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A protective structure for adjacent buildings during pile foundation construction, characterized in that: It includes several protective piles and a protective plate (1) connecting two adjacent protective piles. The protective piles include fixed piles (2) and connecting piles (3). The fixed piles (2) are located on the lower side of the connecting piles (3). The protective plate (1) is fixedly connected to the connecting piles (3). A support rod (4) is movably connected between the fixed pile (2) and the connecting pile (3). Several monitoring parts are evenly arranged inside the fixed pile (2) along the height direction. Each monitoring part includes at least 4 monitoring components. Multiple monitoring components are evenly distributed along the circumference of the fixed pile (2). Each monitoring component includes a guide column (5) and a monitoring rod (6). One end of the monitoring rod (6) is slidably connected to the guide column (5). An auxiliary spring (12) is arranged inside the monitoring rod (6) and the guide column (5). A monitoring sensor is arranged inside the guide column (5). A monitoring plate (7) is arranged at the outer end of the monitoring rod (6). The fixed pile (2) has a monitoring port. The monitoring port is used to accommodate the monitoring plate (7). When the pile foundation construction affects the stability of the foundation and causes the geological layer to loosen, the monitoring plate (7) pops outward under the action of the auxiliary spring (12). The monitoring sensor is used to monitor the displacement distance of the monitoring rod (6).

2. The protective structure for adjacent buildings during pile foundation construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the fixed pile (2) and the lower part of the connecting pile (3) are provided with a connecting cavity (8) opposite to each other. The two ends of the support rod (4) are provided with limit plates (9). The limit plates (9) are slidably disposed in the connecting cavity (8). A support spring (10) is provided between the limit plate (9) and the opening end of the connecting cavity (8). A first distance sensor (11) is provided on the side of the connecting cavity (8) away from the opening end. The first distance sensor (11) is used to monitor the relative displacement between the support rod (4) and the protective pile.

3. The protective structure for adjacent buildings during pile foundation construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide post (5) is set horizontally, and a limit ring is provided at the end of the monitoring rod (6) away from the monitoring piece (7). The auxiliary spring (12) is connected between the limit ring and the inner bottom of the guide post (5). The guide post (5) is detachably connected to a limiting pin. In the initial state, the limiting pin is located on the side of the limiting ring away from the auxiliary spring (12) and is used to lock the initial position of the monitoring piece (7).

4. The protective structure for adjacent buildings during pile foundation construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: An auxiliary pull rope (13) is provided inside the fixed pile (2). The auxiliary pull rope (13) is connected to the upper end of the limiting pin, and the upper end of the auxiliary pull rope (13) is connected to the lower end of the support rod (4).

5. A protective structure for adjacent buildings during pile foundation construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: An electromagnet (14) is disposed at the bottom of the guide post (5). The electromagnet (14) is used to magnetically attract the limiting ring. The monitoring sensor is disposed on the side of the electromagnet (14) opposite to the limiting ring. The monitoring sensor is a second distance sensor (15). The second distance sensor (15) is used to monitor the displacement distance of the limiting ring.

6. A construction method for a protective structure adjacent to a building during pile foundation construction, comprising the protective structure for a building adjacent to a pile foundation construction as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Pre-drilled hole: Pre-drill an installation hole next to a nearby building; S2. Assembly: Connect the protective piles to the protective plate (1) to form a protective structure; S3. Positioning and installation: Insert the fixed pile (2) into the installation hole of S1 and fill it in, so that the fixed pile (2) is installed vertically. Pull the support rod (4) upward to release the monitoring component and continue backfilling until the lower part of the connecting pile (3) is completely buried. S4. Protection monitoring: When the geological layer collapses, the monitoring component in the direction of collapse is relieved and extends outward under the action of the auxiliary spring (12). The collapse distance is monitored by the second distance sensor (15). When the geological layer settles, the geological layer drives the fixed pile (2) downward, and the fixed pile (2) and the support rod (4) undergo relative displacement.

7. The construction method for a protective structure adjacent to a pile foundation as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The length of the installation hole is greater than the length of the fixed pile (2). When the protective pile is installed, the fixed pile (2) must be completely buried, and at least 1 / 3 of the height of the connecting pile (3) must be buried.

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