A slot type laminated slab positioning and fixing structure, system and construction method

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of building construction, and particularly relates to a positioning and fixing structure, system and construction method for a slotted composite slab. The fixing structure is integrally formed by stamping and bending from a single galvanized steel sheet, forming a'se' shaped structure main body including a horizontal part, a first vertical part and a second vertical part. A steel bar fixing hole is arranged on the first vertical part for the slot steel bar to pass through and be positionally fixed. A buffer tongue is arranged on the lower side of the horizontal part for elastically abutting against the inner wall of the slot to achieve positioning. A fixing tongue is arranged on the second vertical part for abutting against the formwork to constrain the relative position. The structure can effectively solve the problems of difficult positioning and inconvenient steel bar fixing in the construction of the slotted composite slab, and through simple structure design and convenient installation mode, the construction quality and efficiency are improved, the visual quality is improved, and the development needs of fabricated buildings are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building construction technology, specifically relating to a slotted composite slab positioning and fixing structure, system and construction method. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of construction technology and increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements, prefabricated modular structures are being used more and more widely in building engineering. Prefabricated modular structures offer advantages such as fast construction speed, energy efficiency, environmental friendliness, and stable quality, while also possessing good integrity, earthquake resistance, and operability, thus demonstrating broad application prospects in modern architecture.

[0003] Traditional composite slabs require structural measures such as leaving reinforcing bars and setting up cast-in-place strips to ensure the integrity of the prefabricated structure during construction. However, these measures also bring many problems: First, the construction difficulty is significantly increased, requiring precise control of the position and length of the reinforcing bars; second, the setting of cast-in-place strips affects the appearance quality of the floor slab and is prone to cracking during later use; third, the truss reinforcement and bottom reinforcement of traditional composite slabs make it impossible to achieve a tight connection between the slabs, increasing the complexity of on-site adjustments.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, slotted composite slabs have emerged. Slotted composite slabs feature bottom-mounted reinforcement, surface-mounted trusses, and close-fitting connections, offering significant improvements in construction convenience and aesthetic quality compared to traditional composite slabs. However, some technical challenges remain in the actual construction of slotted composite slabs: (1) Difficulty in positioning the composite slab: Due to the close-fitting method, the relative positions of the slabs require precision, and traditional positioning methods struggle to meet these requirements, leading to insufficient extension length of the composite slab into the support; (2) Inconvenience in fixing the slotted reinforcement: The slotted composite slab requires the placement of slotted reinforcement to ensure the reliability of the structural connection, but the relatively narrow slot space makes positioning and fixing the reinforcement difficult, affecting construction efficiency and quality; (3) Challenges in controlling formwork deformation: During composite slab installation, the formwork is prone to deformation and displacement, affecting the lap quality between the composite slab and the support; (4) Need to improve construction efficiency: Existing construction methods require numerous auxiliary tools and manual labor, resulting in relatively low construction efficiency.

[0005] Therefore, a technical solution is needed to effectively solve the problems of positioning slotted composite slabs and fixing the reinforcing bars in the slots, so as to improve construction quality and efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a slotted composite slab positioning and fixing structure, system, and construction method. This invention aims to solve problems such as insufficient length of the composite slab extending into the support and difficulty in fixing the reinforcing bars in the slot, thereby improving construction quality and efficiency.

[0007] Technical solution: The present invention relates to a positioning and fixing structure for a slotted laminated slab. The main body of the positioning and fixing structure is integrally formed by stamping and bending a single galvanized steel sheet to form a "pi"-shaped structure. The main body of the positioning and fixing structure includes: a horizontal part, adapted to be placed at the slot edge of the slotted laminated slab in the use state; a first vertical part, extending upward from one end of the horizontal part, and located inside the slot in the use state; a second vertical part, extending downward from the other end of the horizontal part, located outside the slot in the use state and adapted to be placed along the side wall of the formwork; a steel bar fixing hole, disposed on the first vertical part, penetrating through the galvanized steel sheet, for the slot steel bar to pass through and limiting and fixing the slot steel bar; a buffer tongue, integrally formed with the horizontal part and disposed on the lower side of the horizontal part, forming an elastic clamping part by partial bending, for elastically abutting against the inner wall of the slot to position the fixing structure in the slot; a fixing tongue, integrally formed with the second vertical part, forming a supporting part by partial bending, for abutting against the formwork in the use state to jointly restrict the relative position between the laminated slab and the formwork.

[0008] The above technical solution is further improved, in which the thickness of the galvanized steel sheet is not less than 1mm, and the width thereof is not less than 20mm.

[0009] Further, the size of the steel bar fixing hole is larger than the diameter of the slot steel bar, and the wall of the steel bar fixing hole is provided with an elastic clamping structure, which is used for clamping and fixing the slot steel bar passing therethrough.

[0010] Further, the elastic clamping structure is a sharp tooth disposed on the back side of the steel bar fixing hole.

[0011] Further, there is a preset vertical distance between the central axis of the steel bar fixing hole and the upper surface of the horizontal part, so as to ensure that a gap for concrete pouring is formed between the installed slot steel bar and the laminated slab.

[0012] Further, the lengths of the buffer tongue and the fixing tongue are both not less than 10mm, and the buffer tongue is partially bent during processing to form the elastic clamping part to generate buffering elasticity; the fixing tongue is partially bent during processing to form the supporting part, which is used to form frictional contact with the surface of the formwork to prevent displacement.

[0013] Further, the processing method of the above positioning and fixing structure for the slotted laminated slab includes the following steps: Stamping step: forming the fixing tongue, the buffer tongue and the steel bar fixing hole on the galvanized steel sheet by stamping; Main body bending step: bending the galvanized steel sheet to form the "pi"-shaped main body of the positioning and fixing structure; Partial bending step: performing partial bending on the fixing tongue piece and the buffer tongue piece to form a finished structural member.

[0014] The present invention further provides a prefabricated floor slab system, comprising: A slotted composite slab, at least one notch is arranged at the edge thereof; At least one of the above-mentioned slotted composite slab positioning and fixing structures, the fixing structure is installed in the notch, the buffer tongue piece thereof is in elastic abutment with the inner wall of the notch, and the second vertical portion thereof is arranged along the outer side of the formwork carrying the slotted composite slab.

[0015] The construction method of the above-mentioned prefabricated floor slab system comprises the following steps: Mounting step: mounting the slotted composite slab positioning and fixing structure into the notches on one side of two opposite edges of the slotted composite slab, or the notches of two adjacent edges among the four edges, and using the buffer tongue piece to temporarily fix the fixing structure in the notch; Positioning step: hoisting the slotted composite slab to a predetermined installation position, and mounting the fixing structures at the notches on the other side of the two opposite edges of the slotted composite slab, or at the notches of the other two adjacent edges among the four edges, adjusting the relative position between the slotted composite slab and the formwork by using the fixing structures, so as to ensure the length of the composite slab extending into the support; Steel bar fixing step: inserting the notch steel bar into the steel bar fixing hole of the fixing structure, and fixing the notch steel bar through the elastic clamping structure of the steel bar fixing hole.

[0016] Further, in the positioning step, the slotted composite slab is finally positioned by the abutment of the fixing tongue piece and the formwork.

[0017] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention lie in that: The present invention adopts the design scheme of integral forming of a single galvanized steel sheet, which can be processed through standardized stamping and bending processes, without complex welding or assembly procedures; in cooperation with the standard modular design of the composite slab, mass production can be realized in a factory, which greatly reduces the manufacturing cost and production cycle.

[0018] Through the ingenious cooperation of the "pi"-shaped main structure and the buffer tongue piece, the structural member can realize precise positioning and stable fixation in the notch; the friction constraint effect of the fixing tongue piece and the formwork effectively controls the displacement of the composite slab, and significantly improves the installation accuracy and construction efficiency of the composite slab.

[0019] The design of the steel bar fixing hole matched with the elastic clamping structure (pointed teeth) realizes rapid installation and reliable fixation of the notch steel bar; the steel bar is inserted from the front side and automatically locked at the back side, which is easy to operate and has good fixing effect. Meanwhile, the preset vertical spacing ensures good combination of the steel bar and concrete, and improves the mechanical performance of the structure.

[0020] This invention effectively solves the problem of controlling the length of the composite slab extending into the support in traditional construction. Through the constraint of structural components, the overlap length between the composite slab and the formwork can be precisely controlled, ensuring the reliability of the structural connection. At the same time, it reduces formwork deformation and displacement, improving the quality of concrete pouring.

[0021] Thanks to precise positioning and fixing methods, the composite slabs achieve a tight fit, significantly improving surface flatness and joint quality. Compared to traditional methods, the surface flatness error of the floor slab can be reduced by more than 50%, greatly enhancing the building's aesthetic quality.

[0022] The structural components used in this invention are made of low-cost, simple-to-process, and highly reusable materials. While improving construction efficiency, they reduce the use of auxiliary materials and labor costs, resulting in significant economic benefits. The structural design exhibits excellent versatility and adaptability, suitable for different specifications of slotted composite slabs and various common formwork types. By adjusting the structural parameters, the specific needs of different projects can be met. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a detailed schematic diagram of the positioning and fixing structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the application of the present invention to the installation of slotted composite plates.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a detailed diagram of the node used in the installation of slotted composite slabs according to the present invention.

[0026] In the diagram: 1-Positioning and fixing main structure; 2-Reinforcing bar fixing hole; 3-Buffer tongue; 4-Fixing tongue; 5-Slotted reinforcing bar; 6-Slot; 7-Slotted composite slab; 8-Formwork. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described.

[0028] Example 1: Refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The present invention provides a slotted composite plate positioning and fixing structure, the main body of which is processed from a galvanized steel sheet. The thickness of the galvanized steel sheet is preferably not less than 1mm, and the width of the main body 1 of the positioning and fixing structure is preferably not less than 20mm, so as to ensure that it has sufficient strength and stability.

[0029] The entire positioning and fixing structure main body 1 is bent to form a zigzag shape, which includes a horizontal portion, a first vertical portion and a second vertical portion. In use, the horizontal portion is placed on the edge of the upper surface of the notch 6 of the slotted laminated slab 7; the first vertical portion extends upward and is located inside the notch 6; the second vertical portion extends downward, is located outside the notch 6 and is close to the formwork 8.

[0030] A steel bar fixing hole 2 is formed on the first vertical portion by stamping, and the size of the hole is designed to be slightly larger than the diameter of the notch steel bar 5 to be installed. For reliable fixing of the steel bar, the wall of the steel bar fixing hole 2 is provided with an elastic clamping structure, for example, stamping-formed pointed teeth are arranged on the back side of the hole. When the notch steel bar 5 passes through the hole, the pointed teeth on the back side will clamp the steel bar tightly to prevent it from shifting. Meanwhile, there is a preset vertical distance between the central axis of the steel bar fixing hole 2 and the upper surface of the horizontal portion. This design can ensure that a sufficient gap is formed between the installed notch steel bar 5 and the laminated slab 7, so that the concrete can fully wrap the steel bar to form a good force-bearing structure.

[0031] On the lower side of the horizontal portion, a buffer tongue piece 3 is integrally formed and bent. The length of the buffer tongue piece 3 is preferably no less than 10 mm, and it is made elastic by local bending. During installation, this elasticity can be used to clamp the positioning and fixing structure main body 1 on the inner wall of the notch 6 to achieve fast temporary fixing and prevent it from falling off during the lifting process of the laminated slab.

[0032] At the lower end of the second vertical portion, a fixing tongue piece 4 is also integrally formed and bent. The length of the fixing tongue piece 4 is also preferably no less than 10 mm. In use, the fixing tongue piece 4 abuts against the outer side of the upper opening of the formwork 8. Through the supporting and friction effects of the fixing tongue piece 4, the relative position between the laminated slab 7 and the formwork 8 can be precisely controlled, so as to ensure that the lap length of the laminated slab extending into the support meets the design requirements, and the deformation and displacement of the formwork can be reduced to a certain extent.

[0033] Embodiment 2: The structural member of the present invention has a simple processing procedure and is suitable for mass production in factories, and the processing method thereof includes the following steps: Step 1: Material preparation and design refinement A galvanized steel sheet with a thickness of 1.2mm is selected as the raw material, and this thickness can ensure that the structural member has sufficient strength and rigidity. According to the design drawings of the slotted laminated slab and the actual on-site requirements, the width of the positioning and fixing structure main body 1 is determined to be 25mm, which can meet the design requirement of no less than 20mm.

[0034] The reinforcement fixing hole 2 is subjected to detailed design, with the aperture set to be 2-3mm larger than the diameter of the groove reinforcement, so as to facilitate the penetration of the reinforcement while ensuring the fixing effect. The lengths of the buffer tongue 3 and the fixing tongue 4 are both designed to be 12mm, meeting the requirement of no less than 10mm, which can provide sufficient elasticity and supporting force.

[0035] Step 2: Stamping processing Special stamping equipment is used to perform stamping processing on the galvanized steel sheet. First, the basic shapes of the fixing tongue 4 and the buffer tongue 3 are stamped out, then the reinforcement fixing hole 2 is stamped out at the predetermined position, and a pointed tooth structure is formed on the back of the reinforcement fixing hole 2 through a special stamping process, which serves as an important part of the elastic clamping structure.

[0036] The processing accuracy is strictly controlled during the stamping process to ensure that the dimensions of each component meet the design requirements. After stamping, the surface of the steel sheet is inspected to ensure there are no defects such as cracks and burrs.

[0037] Step 3: Main body bending A bending machine is used to perform main body bending on the stamped steel sheet to form the main body 1 of the positioning and fixing structure in a "几" shape. The bending process is carried out in two steps: the first bending forms a first vertical part with an angle of 90 degrees; the second bending forms a second vertical part, which is also at an angle of 90 degrees.

[0038] During the bending process, attention shall be paid to controlling the bending radius and angle accuracy to ensure that the relative positions among the horizontal part, the first vertical part and the second vertical part are accurate. The bent structure should be able to be stably clamped into the groove of the slotted laminated slab.

[0039] Step 4: Local bending Local bending is performed on the fixing tongue 4 and the buffer tongue 3 to form the final functional shape. The buffer tongue 3 is bent inward by about 15-20 degrees to form an elastic clamping part, which can generate appropriate pre-tightening force when inserted into the groove; the fixing tongue 4 is bent outward by about 10-15 degrees to form a supporting part, which can form effective frictional contact with the formwork surface.

[0040] After the local bending is completed, the area around the reinforcement fixing hole 2 is fine-tuned to ensure that there is a proper vertical distance between the central axis of the hole and the upper surface of the horizontal part, which is generally controlled within the range of 8-12mm.

[0041] Step 5: Quality inspection Comprehensive quality inspection is carried out on the processed structural parts, including dimensional accuracy inspection, surface quality inspection, functional inspection, etc. The fit between the structural part and the groove of the slotted laminated slab is verified through actual assembly tests, ensuring that the buffer tongue can provide appropriate clamping force and the fixing tongue can achieve effective support.

[0042] Embodiment 3: Construction of prefabricated floor slab system Step 1: Construction Preparation Erect the support frame and install the template 8 according to the design drawings. Set up the wooden beam on the outer side of the upper opening as a reference and check the stability and flatness. Prepare to position and fix the main structure 1 and arrange the configuration according to the slot 6 of the composite plate 7.

[0043] Step 2: Pre-installation of structural components Before hoisting the composite plate 7, the positioning and fixing structure 1 is installed in the slot 6 position on one side of two opposite sides or on the adjacent sides of four opposite sides. The horizontal part is placed on the edge of the slot and the first vertical part is inserted into the slot. The inner wall is held by the elastic deformation of the buffer tongue 3 to ensure stability and no loosening.

[0044] Step 3: Lifting and positioning of composite slabs After inspecting the hoisting equipment, the composite slab 7 is hoisted into place. The pre-installed positioning and fixing structure 1 is initially positioned (the second vertical part is along the side wall of the template 8 and the fixing tongue 4 contacts the template). Then, the other side positioning and fixing structure 1 is installed. The length of the extension into the support is accurately ensured through multi-point coordinated adjustment. The elevation and joint tightness are verified using a level.

[0045] Step 4: Installation and quality inspection of the reinforcing bars in the groove Insert the grooved steel bar 5 through the front of the steel bar fixing hole 2 and fix it with the back teeth; check the position of the composite slab 7, the steel bar fixing and the lap length, and verify the effect through a pull-out test to ensure the thickness of the concrete protective layer.

[0046] The positioning and fixing structure 1 of this invention is made from a single steel sheet through stamping and bending, which is easy to process and readily integrates with the standardized design of composite slabs, enabling mass production in a factory and thus reducing production costs. Through the rigid connection between the fixing tongue 4 of the positioning and fixing structure 1 and the template 8, the installation position of the composite slab 7 can be precisely controlled, effectively ensuring the overlap length of the composite slab extending into the support and meeting structural safety requirements. The elastic holding effect of the buffer tongue 3 and the friction and support effect of the fixing tongue 4 jointly ensure the stability of the structural components during installation and concrete pouring, preventing displacement. Simultaneously, the height of the rebar fixing hole 2 ensures the gap between the grooved rebar 5 and the composite slab, facilitating concrete encapsulation and forming a better load-bearing structure. The structural components of this invention are easy to install; the positioning of the composite slab and the fixing of the rebar can be completed with a simple "one-click, one-place, one-thread" process, greatly simplifying the complex measurement, adjustment, and rebar binding procedures in traditional construction and accelerating the positioning and installation speed of the composite slab.

[0047] As described above, although the invention has been shown and described with reference to specific preferred embodiments, it should not be construed as limiting the invention itself. Various changes in form and detail may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A slotted composite plate positioning and fixing structure, characterized in that, comprising: A positioning and fixing structure main body (1), which is integrally formed by stamping and bending a single galvanized steel sheet to form a zigzag structure, wherein the positioning and fixing structure main body (1) comprises: a horizontal part, adapted to be placed at the edge of the notch (6) of the slotted composite slab (7) in the use state; a first vertical part, extending upward from one end of the horizontal part, and located inside the notch (6) in the use state; a second vertical part, extending downward from the other end of the horizontal part, located outside the notch (6) in the use state and adapted to be placed along the side wall of the formwork (8); A steel bar fixing hole (2), disposed on the first vertical part, penetrating through the galvanized steel sheet, for the notch steel bar (5) to pass through and limiting and fixing the same; A buffer tongue piece (3), integrally formed with the horizontal part and disposed on the lower side of the horizontal part, forming an elastic clamping part through partial bending, for elastically abutting against the inner wall of the notch (6) to position the fixing structure in the notch (6); A fixing tongue piece (4), integrally formed with the second vertical part, forming a support part through partial bending, for abutting against the formwork (8) in the use state, so as to cooperatively restrict the relative position between the composite slab (7) and the formwork (8).

2. The slotted composite plate positioning and fixing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the galvanized steel sheet is not less than 1mm, and the width thereof is not less than 20mm.

3. The slotted composite plate positioning and fixing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The size of the steel bar fixing hole (2) is larger than the diameter of the notch steel bar (5), and the hole wall of the steel bar fixing hole (2) is provided with an elastic clamping structure, for clamping and fixing the notch steel bar (5) passing therethrough.

4. The slotted composite plate positioning and fixing structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The elastic clamping structure is a sharp tooth disposed on the back surface of the steel bar fixing hole (2).

5. The slotted composite plate positioning and fixing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, There is a preset vertical distance between the central axis of the steel bar fixing hole (2) and the upper surface of the horizontal part, so as to ensure that a gap for concrete pouring is formed between the installed notch steel bar (5) and the composite slab (7).

6. The slotted composite plate positioning and fixing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lengths of the buffer tongue piece (3) and the fixing tongue piece (4) are both not less than 10mm, and the buffer tongue piece forms the elastic clamping part through partial bending during the processing process to generate buffer elasticity; the fixing tongue piece forms the support part through partial bending during the processing process, for forming frictional contact with the surface of the formwork (8) to prevent displacement.

7. The slotted composite plate positioning and fixing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning and fixing structure for the slotted composite slab is processed by the following steps: Stamping step: forming the fixing tongue piece (4), the buffer tongue piece (3) and the steel bar fixing hole (2) on the galvanized steel sheet by stamping; Main body bending step: bending the galvanized steel sheet to form the zigzag-shaped positioning and fixing structure main body (1); Partial bending step: performing partial bending on the fixing tongue piece (4) and the buffer tongue piece (3) to form a finished structural part.

8. A prefabricated floor slab system, characterized in that, comprising: A slotted composite slab (7), at least one notch (6) is provided at the edge thereof; At least one positioning and fixing structure for a slotted composite slab according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the positioning and fixing structure for a slotted composite slab is installed in the notch (6), the buffer tongue piece (3) thereof elastically abuts against the inner wall of the notch (6), and the second vertical part thereof is disposed along the outer side of the formwork (8) carrying the slotted composite slab (7).

9. The construction method of the prefabricated floor slab system according to claim 8, characterized in that, comprising the following steps: Installation steps: Install the slotted composite plate positioning and fixing structure into the slots (6) on one side of the two opposite sides of the slotted composite plate (7) or into the slots (6) on two adjacent sides of the four sides, and use the buffer tongue (3) to temporarily fix the fixing structure in the slots (6). Positioning steps: hoist the slotted composite plate (7) to the predetermined installation position, and install the fixing structure on the other side of the two opposite sides of the slotted composite plate (7) or the other two adjacent sides of the four sides of the slot (6). Use the fixing structure to adjust the relative position of the composite plate (7) and the template (8) to ensure the length of the composite plate (7) extending into the support. Rebar fixing steps: Insert the slotted rebar (5) into the rebar fixing hole (2) of the fixing structure, and fix the slotted rebar (5) through the elastic clamping structure of the rebar fixing hole (2).

10. The construction method according to claim 9, characterized in that, In the positioning step, the composite plate (7) is finally positioned by the contact between the fixing tongue (4) and the template (8).

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