Tunnel air purification and cooling vehicle, purification and cooling system and control method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of tunnel air purification cooling car, purification cooling system and control method thereof, and purification cooling car includes electric car body, air handling unit, cold source part and power supply control part, cold source part includes built-in cold storage ice ball's cold storage module, the output of cold storage module is connected with the input of heat exchange coil by glycol pipeline, the output of heat exchange coil is connected with the input of cold storage module by glycol pipeline, high-temperature glycol is changed into low-temperature glycol after heat exchange with cold storage ice ball and is recycled, and bypass pipe is arranged between the glycol pipeline of the output of heat exchange coil and the output of cold storage module;Purification cooling system uses the integrated design of collaborative work of purification cooling car and environmental monitoring sensor, camera, ice maker and charging pile.The present application realizes the efficient purification and temperature regulation of polluted air in tunnel, and intelligently controls purification cooling car according to air quality and traffic state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel air environment management and environmental protection equipment, specifically relating to a tunnel air purification and cooling vehicle, a purification and cooling system and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, underground tunnels have gradually become an important channel for urban transportation to alleviate surface traffic pressure. However, tunnels are semi-enclosed structures, making it difficult for internal air to circulate fully with the external environment. Large amounts of exhaust pollutants and waste heat emitted by vehicles accumulate, leading to decreased air quality and increased temperature inside the tunnel. This is especially problematic during peak summer hours, when overheating and low visibility are common, severely impacting driving safety, tunnel efficiency, and passenger comfort. Currently, ventilation is widely used both domestically and internationally to control tunnel air pollution and temperature rise. The basic principle is to introduce fresh external air using mechanical ventilation equipment to physically dilute pollutant concentrations and reduce tunnel temperature. This method requires large-scale ventilation equipment configured for the most unfavorable operating conditions, resulting in high initial construction investment. However, in actual operation, the equipment often operates inefficiently or remains idle, leading to unsatisfactory operational performance, energy consumption, and investment utilization.

[0003] However, existing ventilation methods cannot substantially remove pollutants; they only dilute them through diffusion. Polluted gases still need to be discharged through tunnel entrances or high-powered ventilation towers, and the dispersed and settled pollutants will still pollute the surrounding atmosphere, posing a secondary pollution risk to nearby residents. Furthermore, while some tunnel projects have attempted to use centralized air purification rooms with advancements in tunnel ventilation technology, these rooms have high initial investment, large footprint, and high operating costs and maintenance difficulties, making large-scale application impractical. Although air purification vehicles exist, their main principle is cooling and dust suppression through water mist spraying, suitable for urban roads or plazas, but unsuitable for tunnels due to the water mist obstructing visibility. Therefore, further innovative solutions to tunnel temperature rise and exhaust pollution problems are needed to address the existing issues in tunnel air environment management technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a tunnel air purification and cooling vehicle, a purification and cooling system, and a control method thereof, aiming to achieve efficient purification and temperature regulation of polluted air in tunnels, and to intelligently control the travel path of the purification and cooling vehicle and the working status of the purification and cooling unit according to air quality and traffic conditions.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A tunnel air purification and cooling vehicle includes an electric body, an air handling unit, a cold source unit, and a power supply and control unit. The air handling unit, arranged sequentially according to the airflow path, includes an insect-proof net, a coarse filter section, an electrostatic dust removal section, an electrostatic dust removal automatic cleaning nozzle, an EC fan wall, a surface cooler section, a water baffle section, and air outlet louvers. The surface cooler section is equipped with a heat exchange coil, and the heat exchange medium inside the heat exchange coil is ethylene glycol. The cold source unit includes a cold storage module with a built-in cold storage ice ball, and the output end of the cold storage module is connected to the input end of the heat exchange coil via an ethylene glycol pipe. The heat exchange coil's output end is connected to the cold storage module's input end via an ethylene glycol pipe. High-temperature ethylene glycol flows through the cold storage module and exchanges heat with the cold storage ice ball, becoming low-temperature ethylene glycol for recycling. A bypass pipe is provided between the ethylene glycol pipes at the output end of the heat exchange coil and the output end of the cold storage module. The bypass pipe is equipped with a high-temperature ethylene glycol pump and a three-way regulating valve to achieve partial bypass of high-temperature ethylene glycol to regulate the supply temperature. The power supply and distribution control unit includes a battery pack, a distribution box, and a control box. The distribution box is used to supply power to the purification and cooling equipment.

[0007] Preferably, the cold storage module is equipped with a solenoid valve and a cold storage glycol interface at both its input and output ends; the cold storage module includes multiple parallel cold storage units, each of which is equipped with a valve and a cryogenic glycol pump at its input end and a check valve at its output end.

[0008] Preferably, it further includes an automatic cleaning unit, which includes a water collection tank, a flushing pump, a flushing water collection tray, a condensate collection tray, a water pipe, a drain outlet, and a water inlet. The flushing pump is located in the water collection tank and is used to pump water to the electrostatic precipitator automatic cleaning nozzle. The electrostatic precipitator automatic cleaning nozzle sprays water towards the electrostatic precipitator section. The flushing water collection tray is located below the electrostatic precipitator section and is used to collect flushing water. The condensate collection tray is located below the surface cooler section and the water baffle section and is used to collect air condensate and is connected to the water collection tank. The water inlet is connected to the upper part of the water collection tank through a water pipe. The bottom of the water collection tank is connected to the drain outlet through a water pipe. A drain gate valve is arranged on the water pipe connecting the flushing water collection tray to the drain outlet.

[0009] The present invention also discloses a tunnel air purification and cooling system, including the above-mentioned purification and cooling vehicle, environmental monitoring sensor, camera, ice-making unit and charging pile. The environmental monitoring sensor is located at the top of the tunnel, and the ice-making unit and charging pile are located outside the tunnel. The purification and cooling vehicle is parked near the ice-making unit and charging pile at night, using the low-priced electricity during the off-peak hours of the power grid to charge the battery pack of the vehicle body and the power supply and distribution control unit. At the same time, the ice-making unit cools and stores ice in the cold storage module.

[0010] Preferably, the tunnel includes spare tunnel space, which is used in the temporary parking area of ​​the tunnel to park purification and cooling vehicles, which can carry out purification and cooling operations in this section.

[0011] Preferably, the control box automatically controls the travel path of the purification and cooling vehicle and the working status of the purification and cooling unit based on the air pollution index, air temperature and vehicle density information collected by the environmental monitoring sensors and cameras.

[0012] On the other hand, the present invention also discloses a control method based on the above-mentioned tunnel air purification and cooling system, comprising the following steps:

[0013] S1, the purification and cooling vehicle is in the spare space of the tunnel and starts the static purification operation mode;

[0014] S2 collects air pollution indicators and air temperature through environmental monitoring sensors installed at the top of the tunnel, and collects vehicle density information through cameras;

[0015] S3, send the air pollution index, air temperature and vehicle density information to the control box of the purification and cooling vehicle;

[0016] S4, the control box comprehensively judges whether the current tunnel needs to start purification operation based on the air pollution index, air temperature and vehicle density information, and determines the travel path of the purification and cooling vehicle and the working status of the purification and cooling unit.

[0017] Preferably, the cold storage module is quick-detachable. In step S1, during the hot summer days, the cold storage module stores ice for cooling. In other seasons, when the tunnel temperature does not exceed the specified time period, the cold storage module does not need to store ice or the electric vehicle body does not carry a cold storage module.

[0018] Preferably, in step S4, when the air pollution index collected by the environmental monitoring sensor exceeds the first preset concentration value or the air temperature exceeds the first preset temperature value, and the vehicle density information collected by the camera shows that the vehicle density in the tunnel is greater than the first preset vehicle density value, it is determined that there is a need for purification and cooling and traffic congestion, and the purification and cooling vehicle is controlled to enter the tunnel to perform the operation.

[0019] Preferably, in step S4, when the air pollution index collected by the environmental monitoring sensor exceeds the second preset concentration value, or the air temperature exceeds the second preset temperature value, or the vehicle density information collected by the camera shows that the vehicle density in the tunnel is greater than the second preset vehicle density value, it is determined that the demand for purification and cooling has increased or the traffic is severely congested, and the purification and cooling vehicle is controlled to enter the tunnel to perform the operation.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] This invention provides a tunnel air purification and cooling vehicle, a purification and cooling system, and a control method thereof. The tunnel air purification and cooling vehicle integrates air purification, cooling, and automatic cleaning functions, achieving coordinated control of air pollutant removal and temperature regulation within the tunnel, effectively improving the tunnel traffic environment. The vehicle employs an ethylene glycol cold storage system and a multi-stage filtration and dust removal structure, offering advantages such as high efficiency and energy saving, modular structure, and flexible operation. It can dynamically switch between "purification," "purification + cooling," and "cleaning" modes according to the tunnel environment, flexibly addressing air pollution and temperature rise issues within the tunnel. The purification and cooling system uses the mobile purification and cooling vehicle as its core unit, in conjunction with charging piles and ice-making units installed outside the tunnel, as well as environmental monitoring sensors and cameras deployed inside the tunnel. This enables real-time collection and intelligent analysis of air pollution indicators, air temperature, and vehicle density information, dynamically determining purification needs and autonomously planning operating paths and status. During off-peak electricity hours at night, the purification and cooling vehicle automatically completes energy storage and ice storage operations, significantly reducing the tunnel's daytime peak electricity load and achieving peak shaving and valley filling for the power system. Furthermore, the present invention adopts a mobile structural design, allowing the purification and cooling vehicle to be parked in the spare space of the tunnel when no mobile operation is required. This enables centralized purification function in a stationary state, thereby effectively reducing the civil engineering investment and initial equipment configuration requirements of the ventilation system, and improving the overall economy, adaptability and intelligence level of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the tunnel air purification and cooling system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the purification and cooling vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the control method for the tunnel air purification and cooling system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1-Insect screen; 2-Coarse filter section; 3-Electrostatic dust removal section; 4-Electrostatic dust removal automatic cleaning nozzle; 5-EC fan wall; 6-Cooler section; 6.1-Heat exchange coil; 7-Water baffle section; 8-Air outlet louvers; 9-Cold storage module; 9.1-Ethylene glycol; 9.2-Cold storage ice ball; 10-Ethylene glycol pipeline; 11-Ethylene glycol high-temperature pump; 12-Ethylene glycol low-temperature pump; 13-Three-way regulating valve; 14-Check valve; 15-Solenoid valve; 16-Cold storage glycol interface; 17-Water collection tank; 18-Flush pump; 19-Flush water collection tray; 20-Condensate collection tray; 21-Water pipe; 22-Drain gate valve; 23-Drain outlet; 24-Water inlet; 25-Distribution box; 26-Control box; 27-Purification and cooling vehicle; 28-Environmental monitoring sensor; 29-Camera; 30-Ice making unit; 31-Charging pile; 32-Tunnel; 33-Tunnel spare space. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the present invention.

[0027] Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Numerous specific details are provided in the following description to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that the technical solutions of this application can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or other methods, components, apparatuses, steps, etc., can be employed. In other instances, well-known methods, apparatuses, implementations, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring various aspects of this application.

[0028] Please see Figure 1-2This embodiment discloses a tunnel air purification and cooling vehicle, including an electric body, an air handling unit, a cold source unit, and a power supply and control unit. The air handling unit, arranged according to the airflow path, includes an insect-proof net 1, a coarse filter section 2, an electrostatic dust removal section 3, an electrostatic dust removal automatic cleaning nozzle 4, an EC fan wall 5, a surface cooler section 6, a water-blocking section 7, and an air outlet louver 8. The insect-proof net 1 is used to block larger particulate impurities, preventing insects or other foreign objects from entering the system; the coarse filter section 2 further filters larger dust particles in the air, improving the working efficiency of the subsequent dust removal section; the electrostatic dust removal section 3 uses the principle of electrostatic adsorption to remove fine particulate matter in the air, effectively improving air quality; the electrostatic dust removal automatic cleaning nozzle 4 faces the electrostatic dust removal... The dust removal section 3 is sprayed with cleaning water to automatically wash away the dust accumulated on the surface of the electrostatic precipitator section 3 after the system has been running for a period of time, maintaining the working effect of the equipment; the EC fan wall 5 is used to drive the airflow, so that the air flows through each treatment section along a predetermined direction, while ensuring high air volume and energy saving effect; the surface cooler section 6 is equipped with heat exchange coils 6.1, which are filled with ethylene glycol 9.1 as the heat exchange medium. Ethylene glycol 9.1 has good heat exchange performance and antifreeze effect, and is used to cool down the high temperature air; the water baffle section 7 is used to remove condensate droplets carried in the air after passing through the surface cooler section 6, preventing condensate from entering the tunnel environment; the air outlet louvers 8 are used to adjust and direct the exhaust airflow, while also serving an aesthetic and protective function.

[0029] The cold source section includes a cold storage module 9 with a built-in cold storage ice ball 9.2. The cold storage ice ball 9.2 is made by an ice maker and has energy storage and heat exchange functions. It can pre-cool during off-peak electricity periods to reduce system operating energy consumption. The output end of the cold storage module 9 is connected to the input end of the heat exchange coil 6.1 through an ethylene glycol pipe 10. The ethylene glycol pipe 10 serves as a fluid channel for transporting ethylene glycol 9.1 to complete the circulating heat exchange process. The output end of the heat exchange coil 6.1 and the input end of the cold storage module 9 are connected through the ethylene glycol pipe 10 to form a closed loop. The high-temperature ethylene glycol 9.1 flows through the cold storage module 9 and exchanges heat with the cold storage ice ball 9.2 to become low-temperature ethylene glycol 9.1. The system is cyclically used to achieve a cyclic cooling process, improving the overall efficiency of the system. A bypass pipe is installed between the output end of the heat exchange coil 6.1 and the output end of the cold storage module 9 via the ethylene glycol pipe 10. The bypass pipe is equipped with an ethylene glycol high-temperature pump 11 and a three-way regulating valve 13. The ethylene glycol high-temperature pump 11 provides power to drive a portion of the high-temperature ethylene glycol 9.1 to bypass the cold storage module 9 and directly mix with the low-temperature ethylene glycol 9.1. The three-way regulating valve 13 is used to adjust the bypass ratio, so as to partially bypass the high-temperature ethylene glycol 9.1 to adjust the supply temperature, balance the temperature of ethylene glycol 9.1 when entering and exiting the heat exchange coil 6.1, avoid excess or insufficient cooling capacity, and improve the energy efficiency ratio.

[0030] The power supply and distribution control unit includes a battery pack, a distribution box 25, and a control box 26. The distribution box 25 is used to supply and distribute power to the purification and cooling equipment, including fans, electric pumps, actuators, etc., and ensures the safe and stable operation of the system through unified power supply and distribution management. The control box 26 is used for intelligent control of the entire purification and cooling vehicle, including the switching of working status between the air handling unit and the cold source unit, temperature adjustment, equipment start and stop, etc., to improve the intelligence level and ease of use of the equipment.

[0031] Furthermore, both the input and output ends of the cold storage module 9 are equipped with solenoid valves 15 and cold storage glycol interfaces 16. The solenoid valve 15 is used to control the flow and shut-off of glycol 9.1, thereby realizing automatic switching and isolation of glycol 9.1 under different operating conditions, and avoiding leakage or backflow of working fluid when the system is not in operation. The cold storage glycol interface 16 is used to connect to external equipment, which facilitates the replenishment or discharge of glycol 9.1 when needed, improving the flexibility and ease of operation of the overall system.

[0032] The cold storage module 9 includes multiple parallel cold storage units. Each cold storage unit is equipped with a valve and a cryogenic ethylene glycol pump 12 at its input end. The cryogenic ethylene glycol pump 12 drives the circulation of cryogenic ethylene glycol 9.1, and the valve enables individual control of the flow rate of each cold storage unit. This allows for flexible start-up and shutdown of different numbers of cold storage units according to cooling demand, effectively improving the regulation accuracy and energy efficiency of the cold storage system. Each cold storage unit is equipped with a check valve 14 at its output end. The check valve 14 prevents backflow of ethylene glycol 9.1, ensuring the consistency of the system circulation direction, avoiding backflow of the working fluid and system failure caused by pressure fluctuations, and improving the safety and stability of operation.

[0033] This embodiment also includes an automatic cleaning unit, which comprises a water collection tank 17, a flushing pump 18, a flushing water collection tray 19, a condensate collection tray 20, a water pipe 21, a drain outlet 23, and a water inlet 24. The automatic cleaning unit is used to automatically flush the electrostatic precipitator section 3 and collect and recycle condensate, reducing equipment maintenance frequency and external water demand, and improving the overall system operating efficiency. The flushing pump 18 is located in the water collection tank 17 and is used to pump water to the electrostatic precipitator automatic cleaning nozzle 4. The flushing pump 18 has a submersible installation structure, enabling it to directly draw water from the water collection tank 17, ensuring the simplicity and reliability of the flushing system. The electrostatic precipitator automatic cleaning nozzle 4 sprays water towards the electrostatic precipitator section 3, using water flow impact to remove accumulated dust and contaminants from the surface of the electrostatic precipitator section 3, maintaining the electrostatic precipitator effect. The flushing water collection tray 19 is located below the electrostatic precipitator section 3 and is used to collect flushing water, which ultimately flows to the drain outlet 23. The condensate collection tray 20 is located below the surface cooler section 6 and the water baffle section 7 to collect air condensate. It is connected to the collection tank 17, allowing the condensate generated during summer cooling operations to be directly used as the flushing water source for the electrostatic precipitator section 3, eliminating or reducing the need for external water supply and saving resources. The inlet 24 is connected to the upper part of the collection tank 17 via a water pipe 21. When condensate is insufficient, the inlet 24 is used for external water replenishment. The bottom of the collection tank 17 is connected to the drain outlet 23 via a water pipe 21 to discharge wastewater or excess water from the system, preventing abnormal rises in the water level inside the collection tank 17. A drain valve 22 is installed on the water pipe 21 connecting the flushing collection tray 19 to the drain outlet 23. The drain valve 22 controls the drainage status; closing the drain valve 22 when needed allows for temporary storage of water in the flushing collection tray 19, facilitating system maintenance and repair.

[0034] In this embodiment, the purification and cooling vehicle 27 has multiple operating modes. When executing the "purification + cooling" mode, the electrostatic dust removal section 3, the EC fan wall 5, and the ethylene glycol cryogenic pump 12 operate. The high-temperature polluted airflow in the tunnel sequentially passes through the insect-proof net 1, the coarse filter section 2, the electrostatic dust removal section 3, the EC fan wall 5, the surface cooler section 6, the water-blocking section 7, and the air outlet louvers 8. It is purified when passing through the coarse filter section 2 and the electrostatic dust removal section 3, and cooled by the low-temperature ethylene glycol 9.1 in the heat exchange coil 6.1 in the surface cooler section 6. The clean cold air is sent into the tunnel 32. The ethylene glycol 9.1 is driven by the ethylene glycol cryogenic pump 12, and after exchanging heat with the cold storage ice ball 9.2, it enters the heat exchange coil 6.1 in the surface cooler section 6 to exchange heat with the high-temperature air. The high-temperature ethylene glycol 9.1 after heat exchange is circulated back to the cold storage module 9 to be cooled. To control the temperature of ethylene glycol 9.1 in heat exchange coil 6.1, a high-temperature ethylene glycol pump 11 and a three-way regulating valve 13 on the bypass pipe are used to partially bypass the high-temperature ethylene glycol 9.1, which is then mixed with the low-temperature ethylene glycol 9.1 and sent into heat exchange coil 6.1. When the purification and cooling vehicle 27 is in "purification" mode, the electrostatic precipitator section 3 and the EC fan wall 5 are running, while the surface cooler section 6 is not cooling. The high-temperature polluted airflow in the tunnel passes sequentially through the insect screen 1, the coarse filter section 2, the electrostatic precipitator section 3, the EC fan wall 5, the surface cooler section 6, the water baffle section 7, and the air outlet louvers 8. It is purified when passing through the coarse filter section 2 and the electrostatic precipitator section 3, and the clean air is sent into the tunnel 32. When the purification and cooling vehicle 27 operates in "cleaning" mode, dust will accumulate on the surface of the electrostatic precipitator section 3 after it has been working for a period of time. At this time, the flushing pump 18 is activated during the maintenance window, and the water in the water collection tank 17 is sprayed out through the electrostatic precipitator automatic cleaning nozzle 4 to wash away the dust in the electrostatic precipitator section 3. The wastewater from the flushing is collected in the flushing water collection tray 19 and discharged through the drain outlet 23. In summer, the purification and cooling vehicle 27 operates in "purification + cooling" mode, at which time more condensate can be collected for cleaning without the need for an external water supply; in other seasons, cleaning water can be added through the water inlet 24.

[0035] This invention also discloses a tunnel air purification and cooling system, including the aforementioned purification and cooling vehicle 27, environmental monitoring sensor 28, camera 29, ice-making unit 30, and charging pile 31. The tunnel air purification and cooling system is centered around the purification and cooling vehicle 27, and through the configuration of environmental monitoring and energy supply units, it achieves intelligent control and efficient energy-saving operation of the air quality inside the tunnel. The environmental monitoring sensor 28 is located at the top of the tunnel 32 and is used to collect real-time air pollution indicators and air temperature inside the tunnel 32. Air pollution indicators, such as PM2.5, PM10, and other harmful gas concentration information, provide basic data support for the control system. The camera 29 is used to acquire vehicle density information in the tunnel, and can identify traffic indicators such as vehicle speed, distance, and density within the tunnel 32, serving as an auxiliary basis for judging the degree of congestion and pollution accumulation trends, and further providing auxiliary basis for determining whether the purification and cooling vehicle 27 should enter the tunnel 32 to perform operations. Ice-making unit 30 and charging pile 31 are located outside tunnel 32. Ice-making unit 30 is used to prepare cold storage ice balls 9.2 during non-working hours, while charging pile 31 is used to charge the battery pack of the power distribution control unit inside the purification and cooling vehicle 27, ensuring that the purification and cooling vehicle 27 has independent power supply and continuous operation capabilities. At night, the purification and cooling vehicle 27 is parked near ice-making unit 30 and charging pile 31, utilizing the low-priced electricity during off-peak hours to charge the battery pack of the power distribution control unit. At the same time, the ice-making unit cools and stores ice, that is, water is made into cold storage ice balls 9.2 and stored in cold storage module 9. Through this energy utilization strategy, the peak shifting and valley filling of the power system are effectively realized, reducing the operating cost of the ventilation and cooling system of tunnel 32, while ensuring that the purification and cooling vehicle 27 has sufficient cold and power reserves during peak hours in the daytime, improving the overall operating efficiency and economy of the system.

[0036] In this embodiment, tunnel 32 includes spare tunnel space 33. This spare tunnel space 33, located in the temporary parking area of ​​the tunnel, is used to park the purification and cooling vehicle 27. The purification and cooling vehicle 27 can perform purification and cooling operations on this section. When the purification and cooling vehicle 27 is not in a driving purification state, it can enter this area to perform stationary purification or standby operations. At this time, the spare tunnel space 33 is equivalent to a centralized purification room. The control box 26 automatically controls the travel path of the purification and cooling vehicle 27 and the working status of the purification and cooling unit based on air pollution indicators, air temperature, and vehicle density information collected by environmental monitoring sensors 28 and cameras 29. This achieves an on-demand, energy-efficient purification and cooling strategy, improving the system's intelligence and adaptability.

[0037] Please see Figure 3 On the other hand, another embodiment of the present invention also discloses a control method based on the above-mentioned tunnel air purification and cooling system, including the following steps:

[0038] S1, the purification and cooling vehicle 27 is in the spare space 33 of the tunnel and starts the static purification operation mode;

[0039] In this step, the purification and cooling vehicle 27 is located in the spare space 33 of the tunnel, that is, the purification and cooling vehicle 27 is not in a mobile operation state. The polluted air in this section of the tunnel enters the vehicle-mounted purification system. After the air purification and cooling treatment is completed by the coarse filter section 2, the electrostatic dust removal section 3, the EC fan wall 5, and the surface cooler section 6, the clean air is sent back to the tunnel 32 to achieve the circulation treatment of the tunnel air in a static state.

[0040] S2, air pollution index and air temperature are collected by environmental monitoring sensor 28 installed at the top of tunnel 32, and vehicle density information is collected by camera 29;

[0041] In this step, environmental monitoring sensor 28 monitors parameters such as PM2.5, PM10, NOx, and CO in the air in real time, and camera 29 is used to analyze vehicle density and congestion level, thereby constructing a complete tunnel environment dataset;

[0042] S3 sends air pollution index, air temperature and vehicle density information to the control box 26 of the purification and cooling vehicle 27;

[0043] In this step, the control box 26 is the intelligent core of the purification and cooling vehicle 27, which is used to receive external data and make judgments and decisions to ensure that the system responds in real time and operates accurately.

[0044] S4, the control box 26 comprehensively judges whether the current tunnel needs to start purification operation based on air pollution index, air temperature and vehicle density information, and determines the travel path of the purification and cooling vehicle 27 and the working status of the purification and cooling unit.

[0045] In this step, the control box 26 combines the pollution concentration and traffic conditions to determine whether to activate the purification mode. If it determines that mobile operation is required, it will also comprehensively analyze the traffic accessibility and pollution intensity of the left and right tunnels, plan the driving route of the purification and cooling vehicle 27, and control the start-stop status and operating intensity of components such as the electrostatic dust removal section 3, the electrostatic dust removal automatic cleaning nozzle 4, the EC fan wall 5, and the surface cooler section 6, thereby achieving on-demand scheduling and efficient purification.

[0046] Furthermore, the cold storage module 9 is a quick-detachable type. In step S1, during the hot summer days, ice is stored in the cold storage module 9 for cooling. In other seasons, when the tunnel temperature does not exceed the set time, ice storage is not required in the cold storage module 9, or the electric vehicle body does not carry the cold storage module 9. During the summer, due to the significant heat accumulation in the tunnel 32, in order to enhance the air cooling capacity, the cold storage module 9 needs to store ice balls 9.2 made by the ice-making unit 30 in advance for air cooling through the surface cooler section 6 during the day. In other seasons, when the tunnel temperature does not exceed the set time and the tunnel temperature rise is not significant, the system can only perform purification operations without ice storage. In this case, ice storage is not required in the cold storage module 9, or the electric vehicle body does not carry the cold storage module 9, which helps to reduce energy consumption and operating costs. In some embodiments, in order to accurately determine whether the tunnel needs cooling, temperature sensors can also be installed in the tunnel 32 to monitor the air temperature in real time at different times, thereby more accurately determining whether the cooling function needs to be activated. Although the overall temperature is high in summer, the temperature inside the tunnel may not reach the critical value that requires cooling under certain weather conditions or at certain times. In this case, the system can determine whether to activate the surface cooler section 6 for air cooling based on the information fed back by the temperature sensor, thereby avoiding unnecessary energy consumption and achieving a higher level of energy-saving control.

[0047] In this embodiment, the control box 26 can control the EC fan wall 5 to operate with variable speed and air volume, adjusting the air supply intensity in real time according to the pollution concentration and airflow demand in the tunnel 32, achieving a dynamic balance between energy saving and purification efficiency. Simultaneously, it can control the ethylene glycol cryogenic pump 12 to operate with variable frequency and flow rate, intelligently adjusting the circulation flow of ethylene glycol 9.1 according to the heat exchange demand of the surface cooler section 6, improving heat exchange efficiency, avoiding excessive energy consumption, and further enhancing the system's economic efficiency and adaptability.

[0048] In step S4, when the air pollution index collected by the environmental monitoring sensor 28 exceeds the first preset concentration value or the air temperature exceeds the first preset temperature value, and the vehicle density information collected by the camera 29 shows that the vehicle density in the tunnel is greater than the first preset vehicle density value, it is determined that there is a need for purification and cooling and traffic congestion. The purification and cooling vehicle 27 is then controlled to enter the tunnel 32 to perform the operation. The pollution index exceeding the first threshold indicates that the air quality is lower than the standard requirements, the air temperature exceeding the first preset temperature value indicates that the temperature in the tunnel is too high, and the high vehicle density indicates that the exhaust gas accumulation rate is fast and the air exchange efficiency is low. After joint judgment, the system triggers a purification operation command, directing the purification and cooling vehicle 27 to enter the tunnel 32 to carry out mobile purification or cyclic purification operations.

[0049] Furthermore, in step S4, when the air pollution index collected by the environmental monitoring sensor 28 exceeds the second preset concentration value, or the air temperature exceeds the second preset temperature value, or the vehicle density information collected by the camera 29 shows that the vehicle density in the tunnel is greater than the second preset vehicle density value, it is determined that the demand for purification and cooling has increased or traffic is severely congested. The purification and cooling vehicle 27 is then controlled to enter the tunnel 32 to perform the operation. The second preset concentration / temperature / vehicle density value is a strict control threshold higher than the first preset concentration / temperature / vehicle density value, used to cope with extreme pollution, high temperature, or severe congestion. Even if only one of these conditions is met, an emergency purification response mechanism will be triggered, quickly mobilizing the purification and cooling vehicle 27 to perform high-frequency, enhanced-intensity purification operations to ensure that the tunnel environment is under control.

[0050] It should be noted that in step S4, when the air pollution index collected by the environmental monitoring sensor 28 exceeds the first preset concentration value or the air temperature exceeds the first preset temperature value, but the vehicle density information collected by the camera 29 shows that the vehicle density is low, it indicates that the traffic in the tunnel is smooth and vehicles can pass through quickly. At this time, the purification and cooling vehicle 27 does not need to perform mobile operations. The first preset concentration value is used to identify light or primary pollution conditions, and the first preset temperature value is used to identify higher temperature conditions. If the vehicle density is low, it indicates that the pollution sources are dispersed, the air self-purification capacity is acceptable, vehicles can pass through quickly, and the higher temperature in the tunnel is acceptable. Moreover, the purification and cooling vehicle 27 cannot maintain low-speed operation in the tunnel and must pass through quickly with the traffic flow, resulting in a short residence time of the purification system in the tunnel, insufficient operation, and limited purification and cooling effect. In contrast, when the vehicle density information collected by camera 29 shows that the vehicle density in the tunnel is high, indicating traffic congestion or slow-moving traffic, the purification and cooling vehicle 27 can move slowly or stop intermittently in sync with the traffic flow, thus staying in the polluted air accumulation area for a longer time. This allows the coarse filtration section 2, electrostatic dust removal section 3, EC fan wall 5, and surface cooler section 6 to process the air more thoroughly, improving the overall purification and cooling effect and making it more suitable for mobile operations.

[0051] In one embodiment, multiple environmental monitoring sensors 28 are evenly distributed on the top of the tunnel 32 to monitor air quality at different locations within the tunnel 32 in real time. As the purification and cooling vehicle 27 travels within the tunnel 32, when it reaches the location of a specific environmental monitoring sensor 28, the control box 26 receives the pollution data corresponding to that location and dynamically adjusts the operating status of the purification and cooling unit based on the pollution level. For example, when the pollution in the area is detected to be severe, the control box 26 can automatically increase the rotation speed of the EC fan wall 5 to accelerate air circulation efficiency, while simultaneously increasing the working power of the electrostatic precipitator section 3 to enhance particulate matter removal. This achieves high-precision purification operations with segmented control and on-demand response, effectively improving the air quality management efficiency of the entire tunnel.

[0052] This application integrates the traditional centralized air purification room with a mobile air purification vehicle. Through functional optimization and control strategy design of the air purification and cooling vehicle 27, it can operate as a fixed centralized purification unit in the spare space 33 of the tunnel, or flexibly enter the tunnel to perform mobile purification tasks according to the pollution level and traffic conditions, possessing high scheduling flexibility and operational adaptability. Especially in tunnel structures with two-way traffic, the air purification and cooling vehicle 27 can circulate between the left and right tunnels as needed, achieving dynamic air purification of the entire tunnel area. In terms of control methods, this application comprehensively considers key parameters such as seasonal temperature changes, real-time pollution indicators, and traffic density, intelligently determining the timing of purification and path planning, enabling the air purification and cooling vehicle 27 to achieve efficient operation in different operating scenarios, improving the overall intelligence level and flexibility of the system.

[0053] In summary, this invention discloses a tunnel air purification and cooling vehicle, a purification and cooling system, and its control method. It employs an integrated design where the purification and cooling vehicle 27 works collaboratively with environmental monitoring sensors 28, cameras 29, an ice-making unit 30, and charging piles 31. This allows the purification and cooling vehicle 27 to operate statically as a fixed centralized purification unit within the tunnel's spare space 33, and also to move flexibly within the tunnel 32 as needed. The purification and cooling vehicle 1 is equipped with a multi-stage purification and cooling structure, including a coarse filter section 2, an electrostatic dust removal section 3, an EC fan wall 5, and a surface cooler section 6. Through the control box 26, it receives pollution indicators, temperature, and traffic flow information collected by the environmental monitoring sensors 28 and cameras 29, intelligently determining whether to perform purification operations and planning its travel path. The system can charge the battery pack at night via charging pile 31 and use ice maker 30 to make ice for storage in cold storage module 9. During the daytime high-temperature period, air cooling is achieved through the circulation of ethylene glycol 9.1 driven by heat exchange coil 6.1 and ethylene glycol cryogenic pump 12. Simultaneously, the purification mode and operation strategy are intelligently adjusted according to seasonal temperature, pollution level, and traffic congestion. This technical solution not only reduces the initial configuration requirements of ventilation equipment and power supply systems compared to traditional ventilation systems, but also improves the efficiency of air purification and cooling in tunnel 32 and its interior, reduces pollutant emissions, and improves the environmental quality of tunnel 32 and its surroundings. For semi-enclosed, highly polluted spaces such as urban traffic tunnels, this invention provides a highly efficient, energy-saving, intelligent, and sustainable air environment management solution with good application prospects and promotional value.

[0054] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Under the concept of the present invention, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of the present invention as described above. For the sake of brevity, they are not provided in detail. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel air purification and cooling system, characterized in that, It includes a purification and cooling vehicle (27), an environmental monitoring sensor (28), a camera (29), an ice-making unit (30), and a charging pile (31). The purification and cooling vehicle (27) includes an electric vehicle body, an air handling unit, a cold source unit, and a power supply and control unit. The air handling unit includes, in sequence according to the air flow path, an insect-proof net (1), a coarse filter section (2), an electrostatic dust removal section (3), an electrostatic dust removal automatic cleaning nozzle (4), an EC fan wall (5), a surface cooler section (6), a water baffle section (7), and an air outlet louver (8). The surface cooler section (6) is equipped with a heat exchange coil (6.1), and the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange coil (6.1) is ethylene glycol (9.1). The cold source unit includes a cold storage module (9) with a built-in cold storage ice ball (9.2). The output end of the cold storage module (9) is connected to the input end of the heat exchange coil (6.1) through an ethylene glycol pipe (10). The output end of the heat exchange coil (6.1) is connected to the input end of the cold storage module (9) through an ethylene glycol pipe (10). The high-temperature ethylene glycol (9.1) flows through the cold storage module (9) and exchanges heat with the cold storage ice ball (9.2) to become low-temperature ethylene glycol (9.1) for recycling. A bypass pipe is provided between the output end of the heat exchange coil (6.1) and the output end of the cold storage module (9) and the ethylene glycol pipe (10). The bypass pipe is equipped with an ethylene glycol high-temperature pump (11) and a three-way regulating valve (13) to realize partial bypass of the high-temperature ethylene glycol (9.1) to regulate the supply temperature. The power supply and distribution control unit includes a battery pack, a distribution box (25) and a control box (26). The distribution box (25) is used to supply power to the purification and cooling equipment. The environmental monitoring sensor (28) is located at the top of the tunnel (32), the ice-making unit (30) and the charging pile (31) are located outside the tunnel (32), and the purification and cooling vehicle (27) stops near the ice-making unit (30) and the charging pile (31) at night. It uses the low-priced electricity during the off-peak hours of the power grid at night to charge the battery pack of the vehicle body and the power supply and distribution control unit. At the same time, it makes ice and stores it in the cold storage module (9) through the ice-making unit (30). The tunnel (32) includes tunnel spare space (33). The purification and cooling vehicle (27) is parked in the tunnel spare space (33) of the tunnel temporary parking area. The purification and cooling vehicle (27) can carry out purification and cooling operations in this section. When the purification and cooling vehicle (27) is in the tunnel spare space (33), the static purification operation mode is activated. The control box (26) automatically controls the travel path of the purification and cooling vehicle (27) and the working status of the purification and cooling unit based on the air pollution index, air temperature and vehicle density information collected by the environmental monitoring sensor (28) and camera (29). The cold storage module (9) is quick-detachable. During the hot summer days, the cold storage module (9) stores ice for the purification and cooling vehicle (27) to perform cooling operations. In other seasons, when the tunnel temperature does not exceed the specified time, the cold storage module (9) does not need to store ice or the electric vehicle body does not carry the cold storage module (9).

2. The tunnel air purification and cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cold storage module (9) is equipped with a solenoid valve (15) and a cold storage ethylene glycol interface (16) at both its input and output ends. The cold storage module (9) includes multiple parallel cold storage units. Each cold storage unit is equipped with a valve and a cryogenic ethylene glycol pump (12) at its input end and a check valve (14) at its output end.

3. The tunnel air purification and cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The purification and cooling vehicle (27) also includes an automatic cleaning unit, which includes a water collection tank (17), a flushing pump (18), a flushing water collection tray (19), a condensate collection tray (20), a water pipe (21), a drain outlet (23), and a water inlet (24). The flushing pump (18) is located in the water collection tank (17) and is used to pump water to the electrostatic dust removal automatic cleaning nozzle (4). The electrostatic dust removal automatic cleaning nozzle (4) sprays water towards the electrostatic dust removal section (3). The flushing water collection tray (19) is located in the electrostatic dust removal section (3). 3) Below, for collecting flushing water, the condensate collection tray (20) is set below the surface cooler section (6) and the water baffle section (7) for collecting air condensate and is connected to the water collection tank (17). The water inlet (24) is connected to the upper part of the water collection tank (17) through the water pipe (21). The bottom of the water collection tank (17) is connected to the drain outlet (23) through the water pipe (21). A drain gate valve (22) is arranged on the water pipe (21) connecting the flushing water collection tray (19) to the drain outlet (23).

4. A control method for the tunnel air purification and cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, the purification and cooling vehicle (27) is in the spare space (33) of the tunnel and starts the static purification operation mode; S2, air pollution index and air temperature are collected by environmental monitoring sensors (28) installed at the top of the tunnel, and vehicle density information is collected by camera (29); S3, send the air pollution index, air temperature and vehicle density information to the control box (26) of the purification and cooling vehicle (27). S4, the control box (26) comprehensively judges whether the current tunnel needs to start purification operation based on the air pollution index, air temperature and vehicle density information, and determines the travel path of the purification and cooling vehicle (27) and the working status of the purification and cooling unit.

5. The control method for the tunnel air purification and cooling system according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S4, when the air pollution index collected by the environmental monitoring sensor (28) exceeds the first preset concentration value or the air temperature exceeds the first preset temperature value, and the vehicle density information collected by the camera (29) shows that the vehicle density in the tunnel is greater than the first preset vehicle density value, it is determined that there is a need for purification and cooling and traffic congestion, and the purification and cooling vehicle (27) is controlled to drive into the tunnel to perform the operation.

6. The control method for the tunnel air purification and cooling system according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S4, when the air pollution index collected by the environmental monitoring sensor (28) exceeds the second preset concentration value or the air temperature exceeds the second preset temperature value or the vehicle density information collected by the camera (29) shows that the vehicle density in the tunnel is greater than the second preset vehicle density value, it is determined that the demand for purification and cooling has increased or the traffic is severely congested, and the purification and cooling vehicle (27) is controlled to drive into the tunnel to perform the operation.

Images