Mulching device for crop planting

Abstract

The application relates to the field of mulching film laying technology and discloses a mulching film laying device for crop planting, which comprises a rack, a ridging roller, a hole breaking wheel, a film winding roller, a film guide roller and a film pressing roller. The device creates an excellent soil environment for crop planting by corresponding film mulching treatment in the planting process. The ridge supporting mechanism comprises a connecting rod, the two ends of the connecting rod are fixedly connected with the two side rollers of the rack, reciprocal screw grooves are arranged on the outer walls of the two sides of the connecting rod, and the outer walls of the two reciprocal screw grooves are screw-connected with nail plates. The rack is moved on the field ridge to push and accumulate the soil on the two sides of the field ridge to form a ridge, and a certain interval is reserved between the mulching film and the middle planting area. The synchronous laying path creates a strip-shaped soil ridge on the two sides of the field ridge, the two sides of the mulching film are formed into protruding supports, the mulching film is prevented from directly sticking to the ground to burn the seedlings, space is reserved for seedling emergence, the film pressing roller and the film guide roller are triggered to contact and temporarily block the output of the mulching film when the ridge is changed, the mulching film is synchronously cut and separated, and smooth processing is realized in the ridge changing and film blocking process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mulch film laying technology, and more specifically, to a mulch film laying device for crop planting. Background Technology

[0002] Crop mulch film is a widely used thin-film auxiliary material in agricultural production. By covering the soil surface or between crop rows, it changes the local microenvironment, increases soil temperature, retains soil moisture, maintains soil structure, and prevents pests from attacking crops and diseases caused by certain microorganisms, thereby optimizing crop growth conditions and improving planting efficiency. When laying mulch film on the soil surface, a mulch film covering machine is usually used. Rolls of mulch film are installed on the mulch film covering machine, and the mulch film covering machine is connected to the traction equipment. The traction equipment is moved manually to cover the mulch film on the planted field ridges.

[0003] Currently, when laying mulch film, existing equipment directly lays the film on the already sown land, resulting in seamless contact between the film and the sown land. When crop seeds are just sprouting, they are in a relatively fragile state, and the mulch film accumulates a lot of heat due to sunlight after being laid, causing the film surface temperature to become too hot. If the newly sprouted crop seeds come into direct contact with the mulch film, it will cause burns to the seedlings, preventing them from growing normally later.

[0004] Furthermore, when the mulching machine continues to move to the end of the ridge and then needs to cover the next ridge, the mulch film cannot be removed from the previous ridge in time, causing the protective film to be stretched, which further affects the covering of subsequent ridges. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a mulch film laying device for crop planting, which solves the technical problems in related technologies where the initial growth of crop seeds is limited by the temperature of the mulch film and the mulch film cannot be removed in time during the covering process, causing tugs.

[0006] This invention provides a mulch film laying device for crop planting, comprising: The frame, ridging roller, perforating roller, film rolling roller, guide roller, and pressing roller correspond to the mulching treatment in the planting process to create an excellent soil environment for crop planting; The ridge support mechanism includes a connecting rod, the two ends of which are fixedly connected to the rollers on both sides of the frame. The outer walls of the connecting rod are provided with reciprocating threaded grooves on both sides, and nail plates are threadedly connected to the outer walls of the reciprocating threaded grooves on both sides. As the frame moves and plants on the ridge, the soil on both sides of the ridge is pushed back and forth to form a ridge, thus maintaining a certain distance between the mulch film and the planting area in the middle. The transfer and cutting mechanism includes an n-shaped frame, which is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the frame. The two ends of the guide film roller are rotatably connected to the lower middle part of the n-shaped frame. Sleeves are slidably connected to both sides of the outer wall of the n-shaped frame. The two ends of the pressure film roller are rotatably connected to the sleeves on both sides, and are slidably connected to the inner side of the n-shaped frame through the sleeves on both sides. The mulch film is released by the rotation of the roll film roller and extended and laid by the rotation of the guide film roller and the pressure film roller. The intermittent compensation mechanism includes a transmission rod and a hinge frame. The hinge frame is rotatably connected to the rear side of the frame. The transmission rod is rotatably connected to the middle of the hinge frame on the side away from the frame. The perforating wheel is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the transmission rod. Several rectangular holes are evenly opened around both sides of the outer wall of the perforating wheel. As the frame moves, the perforating wheel outputs soil through the rectangular holes during the perforation process of the mulch film. The weight of the soil presses down on both sides of the mulch film, so that the middle part of the mulch film is stretched and suspended.

[0007] As a further optimization of the present invention, the ridge support mechanism further includes: The outer casing is fixedly installed on the top of the frame. Multiple output holes are provided on both sides of the bottom of the outer casing. An inner casing is fixedly connected to the center of the inner wall of the outer casing. A T-shaped pipe is provided through the bottom of the inner casing.

[0008] As a further optimization of the present invention, a solenoid valve is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the liquid inlet end of the three-way pipe, and the liquid outlet ends on both sides of the three-way pipe extend to the directions of the output holes on both sides respectively. A sealing plate is fixedly connected to the top of the nail plate on both sides, and the sealing plate on both sides is slidably connected to the top of the output holes on both sides.

[0009] As a further optimization of the present invention, the transfer and cutting mechanism further includes: An electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of an n-shaped frame. The drive end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to a horizontal slot plate. The two ends of the horizontal slot plate are slidably connected to the inner wall of the n-shaped frame. A dual-axis electric push rod is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the horizontal slot plate. Both drive ends of the dual-axis electric push rod are fixedly connected to a dial ring.

[0010] As a further optimization of the present invention, the top ends of the two dial rings are slidably connected to the inner wall of the transverse groove plate, and the two dial rings are sleeved and slid on the outer wall of the pressing roller. Corresponding to the size of the mulch film, a transmission limit is formed on both sides of the film layer to prevent the mulch film from being released and deviating. The pressing roller moves in the vertical direction with the transverse groove plate through the dial rings on both sides. The distance between the pressing roller and the guide roller can be adjusted, and the tension transmitted to it can be adjusted according to the thickness of the mulch film to prevent the mulch film from tearing.

[0011] As a further optimization of the present invention, the transfer and cutting mechanism further includes: A pair of synchronous gear plates are provided, with the synchronous gear plates on both sides being fixedly connected to the sleeves on both sides. Hollow channels are fixedly installed on both sides of the inner wall of the frame, located beside the n-shaped frame. Rectangular plates are fixedly connected between the opposite surfaces of the n-shaped frame and the hollow channels on both sides. Connecting gears are rotatably connected to the middle of the rectangular plates on both sides. Transmission gear plates are slidably connected to the outer sides of the hollow channels on both sides. The synchronous gear plates and transmission gear plates on both sides are respectively meshed and connected to the outer walls of the connecting gears on both sides.

[0012] As a further optimization of the present invention, a wave blade is fixedly connected to the middle of the transmission toothed plates on both sides, and the two ends of the wave blade are respectively slidably connected to the inner wall of the hollow channel on both sides. A Hall sensor is fixedly installed at the traction connection of the frame.

[0013] As a further optimization of the present invention, the intermittent compensation mechanism further includes: A pair of reciprocating lead screws, with the two reciprocating lead screws fixedly connected to the outer walls of the transmission rod on both sides respectively. The outer walls of the two reciprocating lead screws are threaded with movable sleeves, and the bottoms of the movable sleeves on both sides are fixedly connected with arc-shaped plates.

[0014] As a further optimization of the present invention, inclined groove frames are fixedly installed on both sides of the inner wall of the perforating wheel, and the bottom of the arc-shaped plates on both sides are slidably connected to the inner walls of the inclined groove frames on both sides. The inclined grooves of the inclined groove frames on both sides are opened radially from the center to both sides from high to low.

[0015] As a further optimization of the present invention, a soil covering shovel is provided on both sides of the rear of the frame at the center of the piercing wheel, the ridging roller is rotatably connected to the middle of the front side of the frame, a loosening rake is fixedly installed in the middle of the frame at the rear of the ridging roller, and the film rolling roller is rotatably connected to the top of the frame.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. The crop planting mulch film laying device of the present invention, wherein the synchronous frame moves on the field ridge during the planting process, after the ridging roller treats the soil and forms ridges, the rollers on both sides apply rotational force to the connecting rod, and under the action of the reciprocating threaded grooves on both sides, the two sets of nail plates move back and forth to move and pile up the loose soil after the loosening rake, forming strip-shaped soil ridges on both sides of the field ridge. The high soil ridges on both sides can serve as natural supports for the mulch film, so that the mulch film forms a raised support on both sides, which not only avoids the mulch film directly touching the ground and scorching the seedlings, but also leaves space for seedling emergence, and can guide irrigation water to concentrate in the planting area, reducing water loss to the outside of the field ridge; At the same time, the movement of the nail plates on both sides causes the sealing plates on both sides to move and cover the top of the output holes on both sides. The dynamic coverage of the output holes allows the fertilizer liquid in the outer box to be evenly output along the moving path of the nail plates, forming an encircling nutrient supply in the central planting area on both sides of the field ridge. This allows the crop roots to continuously and evenly absorb nutrients from both sides, avoiding the problem of excessive fertilizer causing seedling burn or insufficient fertilizer causing nutrient deficiency, and creating a good soil environment for crop growth.

[0017] 2. The mulch film laying device for crop planting described in this invention guides and transmits the mulch film through a film-rolling roller, a guide roller, and a pressing roller. When the machine frame is transferred from one side of the field to another, a Hall sensor detects the turning angle of the frame. When a set threshold is reached, the electric telescopic rod is triggered to operate. At the same time, the dual-axis electric push rod pushes the two side rings to move to the outer walls of the pressing roller. The electric telescopic rod pushes the pressing roller downward through the transverse groove plate until it contacts the outer wall of the guide roller, pressing and releasing the mulch film. During this process, the symmetrically staggered gear tooth plate group drives the wavy blade to move downward relative to the pressing roller, forming a reverse transmission. This causes the wavy blade to move upward. When the pressing roller contacts the guide roller, the wavy blade simultaneously contacts the mulch film to complete the cutting and separation of the mulch film, achieving a smooth process for changing the mulch film.

[0018] 3. The crop planting mulch film laying device of the present invention, after the mulch film is laid, as the frame moves, the soil covering shovels on both sides push the soil on the side of the field ridge into the inclined groove frame inside the perforating wheel for temporary storage. While the perforating wheel rotates to perforate the mulch film, the transmission rod drives the reciprocating screws on both sides to move back and forth. The back and forth movement of the arc plate assists the soil in the inclined groove frame to be output to the rectangular holes on both sides. Multiple rectangular holes are arrayed on the outer wall of the perforating wheel. As the perforating wheel rotates, it can intermittently compensate the soil covering on both sides of the mulch film. The soil is output intermittently and evenly from the rectangular holes on the outer wall of the perforating wheel, so that the amount of soil covering on both sides of the mulch film is balanced, which enhances the adhesion between the edge of the mulch film and the soil, enhances the overall wind resistance stability of the mulch film, reduces the risk of the mulch film being lifted in strong winds, and applies downward pressure to both sides of the mulch film with the weight of the soil, forming a supporting force on both sides of the mulch film. On the basis of the raised support formed by the high soil ridges on both sides, the distance between the mulch film and the soil is further consolidated and supported, ensuring the environmental requirements of the crop growth cycle. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure proposed in this invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a front view schematic diagram of the overall structure proposed in this invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a top view of the overall structure proposed in this invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a side view of the overall structure proposed in this invention.

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged diagram of point A in the middle.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a bottom view of the overall structure proposed in this invention.

[0025] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged diagram of point B in the middle.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the frame proposed in this invention.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical cross-section of the outer casing proposed in this invention.

[0028] Figure 10 for Figure 9 Enlarged diagram of point C in the middle.

[0029] Figure 11 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the ridge support mechanism proposed in this invention.

[0030] Figure 12 for Figure 11 Enlarged diagram of point D in the middle.

[0031] Figure 13 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the transfer and cutting mechanism proposed in this invention.

[0032] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the guide roller and the pressing roller proposed in this invention.

[0033] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical cross-section of the perforating wheel proposed in this invention.

[0034] In the picture: 1. Frame; 2. Ridging roller; 3. Perforating roller; 4. Film winding roller; 5. Guide roller; 6. Pressing roller; 7. Ridging support mechanism; 701. Connecting rod; 702. Reciprocating threaded groove; 703. Nail plate; 704. Outer casing; 705. Output hole; 706. Inner casing; 707. T-pipe; 708. Solenoid valve; 709. Sealing plate; 8. Transfer and cutting mechanism; 801. N-shaped frame; 802. Electric telescopic rod; 803. Horizontal groove plate; 804. Double... 805. Electric actuator; 806. Ring; 807. Sleeve; 808. Synchronizing gear plate; 809. Connecting gear; 810. Hollow channel; 811. Transmission gear plate; 812. Wave blade; 813. Hall sensor; 9. Intermittent compensation mechanism; 901. Transmission rod; 902. Reciprocating lead screw; 903. Movable sleeve; 904. Arc plate; 905. Inclined slot frame; 906. Rectangular hole; 907. Hinge frame; 10. Soil covering shovel; 11. Soil loosening rake. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the subject matter described herein, and changes may be made to the function and arrangement of the elements discussed without departing from the scope of this specification. Various processes or components may be omitted, substituted, or added as needed in the examples. Furthermore, features described in some examples may be combined in other examples.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 15 As shown in the figure, an agricultural mulch film laying device for crop planting according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: The frame 1, ridging roller 2, perforating roller 3, film rolling roller 4, film guiding roller 5, and film pressing roller 6 correspond to the film covering treatment in the planting process to create an excellent soil environment for crop planting; The ridge support mechanism 7 includes a connecting rod 701. The two ends of the connecting rod 701 are fixedly connected to the rollers on both sides of the frame 1. The outer walls of the connecting rod 701 are provided with reciprocating threaded grooves 702 on both sides. The outer walls of the reciprocating threaded grooves 702 on both sides are threaded with nail plates 703. As the frame 1 moves and plants on the ridge, it pushes the soil on both sides of the ridge back and forth to form a ridge, so as to maintain a certain distance between the mulch film and the planting area in the middle. The transfer and cutting mechanism 8 includes an n-shaped frame 801, which is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the frame 1. The two ends of the guide roller 5 are rotatably connected to the lower middle part of the n-shaped frame 801. The outer walls of the n-shaped frame 801 are slidably connected to the sleeves 806 on both sides. The two ends of the pressure roller 6 are rotatably connected to the sleeves 806 on both sides respectively, and are slidably connected to the inner side of the n-shaped frame 801 through the sleeves 806 on both sides. The mulch film is released by the rotation of the roll roller 4 and extended and laid by the rotation of the guide roller 5 and the pressure roller 6. The intermittent compensation mechanism 9 includes a transmission rod 901 and a hinge frame 907. The hinge frame 907 is rotatably connected to the rear side of the frame 1. The transmission rod 901 is rotatably connected to the middle of the side of the hinge frame 907 away from the frame 1. The perforating wheel 3 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the transmission rod 901. Several rectangular holes 906 are evenly opened around both sides of the outer wall of the perforating wheel 3. The perforating wheel 3 moves with the frame 1 and outputs the covering soil through the rectangular holes 906 in sync with the perforation process of the mulch film. The soil weight forms a pressing on both sides of the mulch film, so that the middle part of the mulch film forms a supported and suspended state. A soil covering shovel 10 is installed on both sides of the rear of the frame 1 at the center of the piercing wheel 3. The soil covering shovel 10 on both sides maintains a certain distance from the nail plate 703 in the horizontal direction. The moving path of the soil covering shovel 10 does not coincide with the moving path of the nail plate 703. The ridging roller 2 is rotatably connected to the middle of the front side of the frame 1. A loosening rake 11 is fixedly installed in the middle of the frame 1 behind the ridging roller 2. The film rolling roller 4 is rotatably connected to the top of the frame 1.

[0037] It should be noted that, firstly, the free end of the plastic film is pulled to the end of one side of the ridge and manually compacted and fixed with soil. The frame 1 moves the entire structure on the soil surface through the traction device. The original planting area is rolled into block ridges by the ridging roller 2, and the soil is loosened and refined by the loosening rake 11. As the frame 1 moves, the plastic film on the film rolling roller 4 is released through the gap between the guide roller 5 and the pressing roller 6 and laid on the loosened ridge to cover the crop planting area. As the synchronous frame 1 moves across the planting ridge, the rollers on both sides apply rotational force to the connecting rod 701. Under the action of the reciprocating threaded grooves 702 on both sides, the two sets of nail plates 703 move back and forth, piling up the loose soil treated by the loosening rake 11. This forms strip-shaped soil ridges on both sides of the ridge. The high soil ridges on both sides can serve as natural supports for the mulch film, allowing the mulch film to form a raised support. This not only prevents the mulch film from directly touching the ground and scorching the seedlings, but also leaves space for seedling emergence and guides irrigation water to concentrate in the planting area, reducing water loss to the outside of the ridge.

[0038] like Figure 1 - Figure 4 and Figure 6 - Figure 12 As shown, the ridge support mechanism 7 also includes: The outer casing 704 is fixedly installed on the top of the frame 1. Multiple output holes 705 are opened on both sides of the bottom of the outer casing 704. An inner casing 706 is fixedly connected to the center of the inner wall of the outer casing 704. Fertilizer liquid is stored inside the inner casing 706. A three-way pipe 707 is installed through the bottom of the inner casing 706. A solenoid valve 708 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the liquid inlet end of the three-way pipe 707. The liquid outlet ends on both sides of the three-way pipe 707 extend to the direction of the output holes 705 on both sides respectively. A sealing plate 709 is fixedly connected to the top of the nail plates 703 on both sides. The sealing plates 709 on both sides are slidably connected to the top of the output holes 705 on both sides. It should be noted that as the frame 1 moves, the solenoid valve 708 is opened by the control module inside the machine (not shown in the prior art diagram), so that the fertilizer liquid in the inner box 706 is delivered to both sides of the inner wall of the outer box 704 through the three-way pipe 707, and then output through each output hole 705. As the nail plates 703 on both sides move, the sealing plates 709 on both sides move and cover the top of the output holes 705 on both sides, dynamically covering the output range of the output holes 705. This allows the fertilizer liquid in the outer box 704 to be evenly output along the moving path of the nail plates 703, forming an encircling nutrient supply in the central planting area on both sides of the field ridge. This allows the crop roots to continuously and evenly absorb nutrients from both sides, avoiding the problem of excessive fertilizer causing seedling burn or insufficient fertilizer causing nutrient deficiency, and creating a good soil environment for crop growth.

[0039] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 9 , Figure 13 - Figure 14 As shown, the transfer and cutting mechanism 8 also includes: An electric telescopic rod 802 is fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of the n-shaped frame 801. A transverse groove plate 803 is fixedly connected to the drive end of the electric telescopic rod 802. Both ends of the transverse groove plate 803 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the n-shaped frame 801. A dual-axis electric push rod 804 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the transverse groove plate 803. A deflector ring 805 is fixedly connected to the drive ends of both sides of the dual-axis electric push rod 804. The top ends of both deflector rings 805 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the transverse groove plate 803. Both deflector rings 805 are sleeved and... Sliding on the outer wall of the pressure roller 6, the pressure roller 6 forms a transmission limit on both sides of the film layer corresponding to the size of the mulch film, preventing the mulch film from being released and deviating. The pressure roller 6 moves vertically along the transverse groove plate 803 via the two side rings 805. The distance between the pressure roller 6 and the guide roller 5 can be adjusted, and the tension transmitted to it can be adjusted according to the thickness of the mulch film to prevent the mulch film from tearing. The length of the guide roller 5 is less than that of the pressure roller 6. A certain distance is left between the two ends of the guide roller 5 and the n-shaped frame 801, which corresponds to the width of the two sets of rings 805. It should be noted that the mulch film is guided and transmitted along the laying path by the film-winding roller 4, the guide roller 5, and the pressure roller 6. The pressure roller 6 is suspended inside the transverse groove plate 803 by two side rings 805. The electric telescopic rod 802 drives the transverse groove plate 803 to move vertically, thereby adjusting the distance between the guide roller 5 and the pressure roller 6. Corresponding to the thickness of the mulch film, the tension during the mulch film transmission and output process can be changed by adjusting the distance between the guide roller 5 and the pressure roller 6, ensuring that the mulch film is stable during output and avoiding damage and tearing. The two side rings 805 move in the same or opposite directions on the outer wall of the pressure roller 6 via the dual-axis electric push rod 804, flexibly adjusting the width of the mulch film and guiding and limiting the output of the mulch film to prevent deviation.

[0040] like Figure 5 and Figure 13 As shown, the transfer and cutting mechanism 8 also includes: A pair of synchronous toothed plates 807 are fixedly connected to the sleeves 806 on both sides respectively. Hollow channels 809 are fixedly installed on both sides of the inner wall of the frame 1, next to the n-shaped frame 801. Rectangular plates are fixedly connected between the opposite surfaces of the n-shaped frame 801 and the hollow channels 809 on both sides. Connecting gears 808 are rotatably connected to the middle of the rectangular plates on both sides. Transmission toothed plates 810 are slidably connected to the outer sides of the hollow channels 809 on both sides. The synchronous toothed plates 807 and transmission toothed plates 810 are respectively meshed and connected to the outer walls of the connecting gears 808 on both sides. Wave blades 811 are fixedly connected to the middle of the transmission toothed plates 810 on both sides, and the two ends of the wave blades 811 are slidably connected to the inner walls of the hollow channels 809 on both sides. Hall sensors 812 are fixedly installed at the traction connection of the frame 1. It should be noted that the Hall sensor 812 is installed at the connection between the frame 1 and the traction equipment to monitor the rotation angle in real time. When the mulch film is laid on one side of the field and the ridge is being replaced, if the rotation angle of the frame 1 exceeds the threshold set by the Hall sensor 812, it will be transmitted to the control module of the machine body via an electrical signal. The control module controls the operation of the dual-axis electric push rod 804, which drives the two side rings 805 to move in the opposite direction to both sides of the pressing roller 6. At the same time, the control module controls the operation of the electric telescopic rod 802, which pushes the pressing roller 6 downward through the transverse groove plate 803 until it contacts the outer wall of the guide roller 5, pressing the mulch film and pausing to release. The bottom of the two side rings 805 moves to the two ends of the guide roller 5 and the n-shaped frame 80. At the gap between 1, the outer walls of the pressure roller 6 and the guide roller 5 are kept in close contact to temporarily block the output of the mulch film. During this process, the synchronous toothed plates 807 on both sides move downward synchronously with the pressure roller 6. Then, with the cooperation of the meshing transmission connecting gear 808, the transmission toothed plates 810 meshing with the connecting gear 808 on the symmetrical side move upward along the inner wall of the hollow channel 809. This drives the corrugated blade 811 to move downward relative to the pressure roller 6 to form a reverse transmission, so that the corrugated blade 811 moves upward. When the pressure roller 6 and the guide roller 5 come into contact, the corrugated blade 811 simultaneously contacts the mulch film to complete the cutting and separation of the mulch film, thus achieving a smooth process of changing the mulch film.

[0041] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 8 , Figure 13 and Figure 15 As shown, the intermittent compensation mechanism 9 also includes: A pair of reciprocating lead screws 902 are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the transmission rod 901 on both sides. The outer walls of the reciprocating lead screws 902 on both sides are threaded with movable sleeves 903. The bottom of the movable sleeves 903 on both sides is fixedly connected with arc plates 904. The inner walls of the piercing wheel 3 are fixedly installed with inclined groove frames 905 on both sides. The bottom of the arc plates 904 on both sides is slidably connected to the inner walls of the inclined groove frames 905 on both sides. The inclined grooves of the inclined groove frames 905 on both sides are opened radially from the center to both sides from high to low. It should be noted that the centers of the two soil-covering shovels 10 and the perforating wheel 3 are on the same straight line, and the soil-covering shovels 10 on both sides are inclined towards the perforating wheel 3. While the soil-covering shovels 10 cover and fix the soil on both sides of the mulch film, the excess soil is pushed into the interior of the perforating wheel 3. As the frame 1 moves, the soil on both sides of the ridge is pushed into the inclined groove frames 905 on both sides of the perforating wheel 3. The perforating wheel 3 rotates behind the frame 1 via the transmission rod 901 and the hinge frame 907, and performs perforation on both sides of the laid mulch film. The transmission rod 901 rotates with the perforating wheel 3 at the lower center of the hinge frame 907, thereby driving the reciprocating screws 902 on both sides. Synchronous rotation allows the curved plates 904 on both sides to push the soil from the inclined groove frames 905 to the rectangular hole 906 area. Accompanied by the rotation of the perforating wheel 3, the soil is intermittently circulated and output to the top of both sides of the mulch film, intermittently compensating for the soil cover on both sides of the mulch film, so that the amount of soil cover on both sides of the mulch film is balanced, enhancing the adhesion between the edge of the mulch film and the soil, enhancing the overall wind resistance stability of the mulch film, reducing the risk of the mulch film being lifted in strong winds, and applying downward pressure to both sides of the mulch film with the weight of the soil, forming a supporting force on both sides of the mulch film. On the basis of the raised support formed by the high soil ridges on both sides, the gap between the mulch film and the soil is further consolidated, ensuring the environmental needs of the crop growth cycle.

[0042] Working principle: First, the free end of the plastic film is pulled to the end of one side of the ridge and manually compacted with soil. The frame 1 moves the entire structure on the soil surface through the traction device. The original planting area is rolled into block ridges by the ridging roller 2, and the soil is loosened and refined by the loosening rake 11. As the frame 1 moves, the plastic film on the film rolling roller 4 is released through the gap between the guide roller 5 and the pressing roller 6 and laid on the loosened ridge to cover the crop planting area. Rolling wheels are set on both sides of the rear of the frame 1 to press and fix the sides of the laid plastic film. The soil covering shovels 10 on both sides shovel up the soil on both sides of the ridge and cover it on the moving path as the frame 1 moves, pressing and fixing the sides of the laid plastic film. During the planting process of the frame 1 moving on the field ridge, the rollers on both sides apply rotational force to the connecting rod 701. Under the action of the reciprocating threaded grooves 702 on both sides, the two sets of nail plates 703 move back and forth to move and pile up the loose soil after being treated by the loosening rake 11, forming strip-shaped soil ridges on both sides of the field ridge. The high soil ridges on both sides can serve as natural supports for the mulch film, making the mulch film form a raised support on both sides. This not only avoids the mulch film directly touching the ground and scorching the seedlings, but also leaves space for seedling emergence, and can guide irrigation water to concentrate in the planting area, reducing water loss to the outside of the field ridge. As the frame 1 moves, the control module inside the machine (not shown in the prior art diagram) controls the opening of the solenoid valve 708, allowing the fertilizer liquid in the inner box 706 to be delivered to both sides of the inner wall of the outer box 704 through the three-way pipe 707, and then output through each output hole 705. As the nail plates 703 on both sides move, the sealing plates 709 on both sides move and cover the top of the output holes 705 on both sides, dynamically covering the output range of the output holes 705. This allows the fertilizer liquid in the outer box 704 to be evenly output along the moving path of the nail plates 703, forming an encircling nutrient supply in the central planting area on both sides of the field ridge. This allows the crop roots to continuously and evenly absorb nutrients from both sides, avoiding the problem of excessive fertilizer causing seedling burn or insufficient fertilizer causing nutrient deficiency. This creates a good soil environment for crop growth. Furthermore, the soil after being soaked in the fertilizer liquid is moist, which allows for better adhesion and contact with the mulch film after it is covered, ensuring stable coverage between the mulch film and the soil. During the mulch film laying process, as the frame 1 moves, the mulch film is guided and transmitted through the film winding roller 4, guide roller 5, and pressure roller 6. The pressure roller 6 is suspended inside the transverse groove plate 803 by two side rings 805. The electric telescopic rod 802 drives the transverse groove plate 803 to move vertically, thereby adjusting the distance between the guide roller 5 and the pressure roller 6. Corresponding to the thickness of the mulch film, the tension of the mulch film transmission output process can be changed by adjusting the distance between the guide roller 5 and the pressure roller 6, ensuring that the mulch film can be stably output while avoiding damage and tearing. The two side rings 805 move in the same or opposite directions on the outer wall of the pressure roller 6 through the dual-axis electric push rod 804, flexibly adjusting the width of the mulch film and guiding and limiting the output of the mulch film to avoid deviation. After the mulch film is laid on one side of the field, the frame 1 rotates with the traction equipment. The Hall sensor 812 is set at the connection between the frame 1 and the traction equipment to monitor the rotation angle in real time. When the mulch film is laid on one side of the field and the ridge is changed, if the rotation angle of the frame 1 exceeds the threshold set by the Hall sensor 812, it will be transmitted to the control module of the machine body through an electrical signal. The control module controls the operation of the dual-axis electric push rod 804, which drives the two side rings 805 to move in the opposite direction to the two sides of the pressing roller 6. At the same time, the control module controls the operation of the electric telescopic rod 802, which pushes the pressing roller 6 downward through the transverse groove plate 803 until it contacts the outer wall of the guide roller 5, and the mulch film is pressed and released. The bottom of the two side rings 805 moves to the gap between the two ends of the guide roller 5 and the n-shaped frame 801 to ensure close contact between the outer walls of the pressing roller 6 and the guide roller 5, and temporarily stops the output of the mulch film pressing and fixing. During this process, the synchronous toothed plates 807 on both sides move downward synchronously with the pressure roller 6. Then, with the cooperation of the meshing transmission connecting gear 808, the transmission toothed plates 810 meshing with the connecting gear 808 on the symmetrical side move upward along the inner wall of the hollow channel 809. This drives the corrugated blade 811 to move downward relative to the pressure roller 6, forming a reverse transmission. This causes the corrugated blade 811 to move upward. When the pressure roller 6 contacts the guide roller 5, the corrugated blade 811 simultaneously contacts the mulch film to complete the cutting and separation of the mulch film, achieving a smooth process for changing the mulch film. Furthermore, the two sides of the cut and separated ends of the mulch film are fixed after being covered with soil and compacted. Only manual labor is needed to pick up some soil and compact the cut ends. As the mulch film is laid, the perforating wheel 3 rotates behind the frame 1 via the transmission rod 901 and the hinge frame 907, perforating both sides of the laid mulch film. The center of the soil covering shovels 10 on both sides is on the same straight line as the perforating wheel 3, and both soil covering shovels 10 are inclined towards the perforating wheel 3. While the soil covering shovels 10 cover and fix the edges of the mulch film, the excess soil is pushed into the interior of the perforating wheel 3. As the frame 1 moves, the soil covering shovels 10 push the soil on both sides of the ridge into the inclined trough frames 905 on both sides for temporary storage. The transmission rod 901 rotates at the lower center of the hinge frame 907 as the perforating wheel 3 rotates, thereby driving the reciprocating screws 902 on both sides to rotate synchronously. This allows the arc plates 904 on both sides to push the soil in the inclined groove frames 905 to the rectangular hole 906 area. As the perforating wheel 3 rotates and punches holes, the soil is simultaneously and intermittently circulated and output to the top of both sides of the mulch film, intermittently compensating for the soil cover on both sides of the mulch film, making the soil cover on both sides of the mulch film even, enhancing the adhesion between the edge of the mulch film and the soil, enhancing the overall wind resistance stability of the mulch film, reducing the risk of the mulch film being lifted in strong winds, and using the weight of the soil to apply downward pressure on both sides of the mulch film, forming a supporting force on both sides of the mulch film. Based on the arch support formed by the high soil ridges on both sides, the distance between the mulch film and the soil in the planting area is further consolidated, ensuring the environmental needs of the crop growth cycle.

[0043] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the embodiments are not limited to the specific implementation methods described above. The specific implementation methods described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of the embodiments described above, all of which are within the protection scope of the embodiments described above.

Claims

1. A device for laying mulch film for crop cultivation, characterized in that, include: The frame (1), ridging roller (2), perforating roller (3), film rolling roller (4), film guiding roller (5) and film pressing roller (6) correspond to the film covering treatment in the planting process to create an excellent soil environment for crop planting; The ridge support mechanism (7) includes a connecting rod (701). The two ends of the connecting rod (701) are fixedly connected to the rollers on both sides of the frame (1). The outer walls of the connecting rod (701) are provided with reciprocating threaded grooves (702). The outer walls of the reciprocating threaded grooves (702) on both sides are threaded with nail plates (703). As the frame (1) moves and plants on the ridge, the soil on both sides of the ridge is pushed back and forth to form a ridge, so as to keep a certain distance between the mulch film and the middle planting area. The transfer and cutting mechanism (8) includes an n-shaped frame (801), which is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the frame (1). The two ends of the guide roller (5) are rotatably connected to the lower middle part of the n-shaped frame (801). The outer walls of the n-shaped frame (801) are slidably connected to the sleeves (806). The two ends of the pressure roller (6) are rotatably connected to the sleeves (806) on both sides respectively, and are slidably connected to the inner side of the n-shaped frame (801) through the sleeves (806) on both sides. The mulch film is released by the rotation of the roll roller (4) and extended and laid by the rotation of the guide roller (5) and the pressure roller (6). The intermittent compensation mechanism (9) includes a transmission rod (901) and a hinge frame (907). The hinge frame (907) is rotatably connected to the rear side of the frame (1). The transmission rod (901) is rotatably connected to the middle of the side of the hinge frame (907) away from the frame (1). The perforating wheel (3) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the transmission rod (901). Several rectangular holes (906) are evenly opened on both sides of the outer wall of the perforating wheel (3). The perforating wheel (3) moves with the frame (1) and outputs the covering soil through the rectangular holes (906) during the perforation process. The soil weight forms a pressing on both sides of the mulch film, so that the middle part of the mulch film forms a suspended state. The ridge support mechanism (7) also includes: The outer casing (704) is fixedly installed on the top of the frame (1). Multiple output holes (705) are provided on both sides of the bottom of the outer casing (704). An inner casing (706) is fixedly connected to the center of the inner wall of the outer casing (704). A three-way pipe (707) is provided through the bottom of the inner casing (706).

2. The mulch film laying device for crop planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: A solenoid valve (708) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the inlet end of the three-way pipe (707). The outlet ends of the three-way pipe (707) extend to the output holes (705) on both sides respectively. A sealing plate (709) is fixedly connected to the top of the nail plate (703) on both sides. The sealing plates (709) on both sides are slidably connected to the top of the output holes (705) on both sides.

3. The mulch film laying device for crop planting according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transfer cutting mechanism (8) further includes: An electric telescopic rod (802) is fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of the n-shaped frame (801). The drive end of the electric telescopic rod (802) is fixedly connected to a transverse groove plate (803). The two ends of the transverse groove plate (803) are slidably connected to the inner wall of the n-shaped frame (801). A dual-axis electric push rod (804) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the transverse groove plate (803). Both drive ends of the dual-axis electric push rod (804) are fixedly connected to a dial ring (805).

4. The mulch film laying device for crop planting according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top ends of the two dial rings (805) are slidably connected to the inner wall of the transverse groove plate (803). The two dial rings (805) are sleeved and slid on the outer wall of the pressing roller (6). Corresponding to the size of the mulch film, the two sides of the film layer form a transmission limit to prevent the mulch film from being released and deviating. The pressing roller (6) moves vertically with the transverse groove plate (803) through the dial rings (805) on both sides. The distance between the pressing roller (6) and the guide roller (5) can be adjusted, and the tension transmitted to it can be adjusted according to the thickness of the mulch film to prevent the mulch film from tearing.

5. The mulch film laying device for crop planting according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transfer cutting mechanism (8) further includes: A pair of synchronous gear plates (807) are fixedly connected to the sleeves (806) on both sides respectively. Hollow channels (809) are fixedly installed on both sides of the inner wall of the frame (1) next to the n-shaped frame (801). Rectangular plates are fixedly connected between the opposite surfaces of the n-shaped frame (801) and the hollow channels (809) on both sides. Connecting gears (808) are rotatably connected to the middle of the rectangular plates on both sides. Transmission gear plates (810) are slidably connected to the outer sides of the hollow channels (809) on both sides. The synchronous gear plates (807) and transmission gear plates (810) on both sides are meshed and connected to the outer walls of the connecting gears (808) on both sides respectively.

6. The mulch film laying device for crop planting according to claim 5, characterized in that: A wave blade (811) is fixedly connected to the middle of the transmission gear plate (810) on both sides, and the two ends of the wave blade (811) are slidably connected to the inner wall of the hollow channel (809) on both sides. A Hall sensor (812) is fixedly installed at the traction connection of the frame (1).

7. The mulch film laying device for crop planting according to claim 6, characterized in that: The intermittent compensation mechanism (9) also includes: A pair of reciprocating lead screws (902) are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the transmission rod (901) on both sides. The outer walls of the reciprocating lead screws (902) on both sides are threaded with movable sleeves (903). The bottom of the movable sleeves (903) on both sides is fixedly connected with arc-shaped plates (904).

8. The mulch film laying device for crop planting according to claim 7, characterized in that: Both sides of the inner wall of the perforating wheel (3) are fixedly installed with inclined groove frames (905). The bottom of the arc plate (904) on both sides is slidably connected to the inner wall of the inclined groove frames (905) on both sides. The inclined grooves of the inclined groove frames (905) on both sides are opened radially from the center to both sides from high to low.

9. The mulch film laying device for crop planting according to claim 8, characterized in that: On both sides of the rear of the frame (1), a soil covering shovel (10) is provided at the center of the piercing wheel (3). The ridging roller (2) is rotatably connected to the middle of the front side of the frame (1). A loosening rake (11) is fixedly installed on the middle of the frame (1) behind the ridging roller (2). The film rolling roller (4) is rotatably connected to the top of the frame (1).

Images