Self-moving hydraulic support model and simulation system for coal mine similar simulation mining experiment

Abstract

The application provides a self-moving hydraulic support model and a simulation system for a coal mine similar simulation mining experiment. The hydraulic support model is provided with a driving wheel assembly and a driven wheel assembly. The controller is used to control the driving wheel assembly to drive the hydraulic support model to move. The driving wheel assembly and the driven wheel assembly are matched to support the hydraulic support model. When the roof is lowered, the first anti-skid roller and the second anti-skid roller in the driving wheel assembly and the driven wheel assembly are lowered to contact the ground. When the roof is raised, the first anti-skid roller and the second anti-skid roller in the driving wheel assembly and the driven wheel assembly are also raised. When the first anti-skid roller and the second anti-skid roller are lowered, the controller controls the driving motor to drive the first anti-skid roller to rotate, so that the hydraulic support model is driven to move forward. When it is necessary to stop the hydraulic support model, the driving motor is controlled to stop driving. The application can improve the accuracy of the test results obtained in the simulation mining process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of similar simulation test technology in mining engineering, and in particular to a self-moving hydraulic support model and simulation system for similar simulated mining experiments in coal mines. Background Technology

[0002] Similarity simulation experiments, as a research method, not only allow control over the main parameters of the experimental object, freeing them from external and natural limitations and ensuring accurate results, but also facilitate the highlighting of key contradictions in complex experimental processes, making it easier to grasp and discover the intrinsic connections between phenomena. Furthermore, because the model is scaled down compared to the prototype, manufacturing and processing are convenient, saving money, manpower, and time. In practical applications, similarity simulation experiments can also predict the performance of physical objects that have not yet been built or cannot be directly studied. When other analytical methods are not feasible, similarity simulation experiments become an important research tool for problems related to the similarity of phenomena.

[0003] Currently, similarity simulation experiments are widely used in the mining engineering field. However, current similarity simulation devices have the following problems: hydraulic lifting supports, as the most important stope control and support equipment, are not involved in the stope control in similarity simulations. Even in some similarity simulation systems that include models of hydraulic lifting supports, they only provide static support functions. However, in actual applications, hydraulic supports move during the mining process. Therefore, the simulation conditions in existing mining engineering similarity simulation experiments differ somewhat from actual applications, leading to certain deviations in the results. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem this application aims to solve is that existing similar simulation experiments in the field of mining engineering cannot simulate the movement of hydraulic lifting supports, which leads to the inability to further improve the accuracy of similar simulation mining experiment results. Therefore, this application provides a self-moving hydraulic support model and simulation system for similar simulation mining experiments in coal mines.

[0005] In a first aspect, the technical solution of this application provides a self-moving hydraulic support model for a coal mine similar simulation mining experiment, including a roof plate and a lower support base, and further including a controller, a drive wheel assembly and a driven wheel assembly, wherein: The drive wheel assembly includes a first retractable component, a first fixing bar, a pair of first anti-slip rollers, a drive wheel, and a drive motor. The first fixing bar passes through a first notch formed on the lower support base. The pair of first anti-slip rollers are disposed at both ends of the first fixing bar. The drive wheel is sleeved on the outside of the first fixing bar and connected to the drive end of the drive motor via a drive belt. The first end of the first retractable component is connected to the top plate, and the second end of the first retractable component is connected to the first fixing bar. When the top plate moves up and down, the first fixing bar moves up and down along the first notch via the first retractable component, thereby driving the first anti-slip rollers to move up and down. The driven wheel assembly includes a second retractable component, a second fixing bar, and a pair of second anti-slip rollers; the second fixing bar passes through a second notch formed on the lower support base, and the pair of first and second anti-slip rollers are disposed at both ends of the second fixing bar; the second retractable component moves up and down synchronously with the top plate, and the second retractable component drives the second anti-slip rollers to move up and down; The controller is used to control the movement state of the top plate, and after the first anti-slip roller and the second anti-slip roller move downward and contact the ground, it controls the drive motor to start so as to drive the first anti-slip roller to move and drive the hydraulic support model to move.

[0006] In some schemes, a self-moving hydraulic support model for coal mine similarity simulation mining experiments is described, wherein the first retraction and extension component includes: A movable slider is set in a pre-formed groove on the top plate; The elastic element has a first end connected to the movable slider and a second end connected to the first fixing strip.

[0007] In some schemes, a self-moving hydraulic support model for coal mine similarity simulation mining experiments is described, wherein the second retraction component includes: The hydraulic rod has its drive input end connected to the top plate hydraulic drive pipeline via a hydraulic pipeline, and its drive output end connected to the second fixing bar. The top plate hydraulic drive pipeline drives the top plate to rise while simultaneously driving the hydraulic rod to lift the second fixing bar. The top plate hydraulic drive pipeline also drives the top plate to fall while simultaneously driving the hydraulic rod to lower the second fixing bar.

[0008] In some schemes, a self-moving hydraulic support model for coal mine similarity simulation mining experiments is described. The hydraulic pipeline includes a first sub-pipeline and a second sub-pipeline. Both the first sub-pipeline and the second sub-pipeline are equipped with one-way valves. The one-way valve in the first sub-pipeline controls the oil pressure to flow from the roof hydraulic drive pipeline into the drive input end of the hydraulic rod. The one-way valve in the second sub-pipeline controls the oil pressure to flow from the drive input end of the hydraulic rod into the roof hydraulic drive pipeline.

[0009] In some schemes, the self-moving hydraulic support model for coal mine similarity simulation mining experiments has an arc-shaped cross-section for the first slot and a rectangular cross-section for the second slot.

[0010] In some schemes, the self-moving hydraulic support model for coal mine similarity simulation mining experiments has the same diameter as the lower support base, and the distance between the first anti-slip roller and the second anti-slip roller and the outer surface of the lower support base is a set distance.

[0011] The self-moving hydraulic support model for coal mine similarity simulation mining experiments described in some schemes also includes: A stress sensor is installed in the lower support of the hydraulic support model to detect the pressure value applied by the top plate to the lower support and send the pressure value to the controller.

[0012] Secondly, the technical solution of this application provides a simulation system, including multiple self-moving hydraulic support models for coal mine similarity simulation mining experiments as described in any one of the first aspects, and also including a simulation box, wherein: The simulated enclosure includes simulated overburden layers; The bottom of the simulation box has multiple grooves, and each hydraulic support model is set in one of the grooves. When the top plate of the hydraulic support model moves upward to the first target position, it supports the simulated overburden layer, and the first and second anti-slip rollers separate from the bottom of the groove; when the top plate moves downward to the second target position, the top plate separates from the simulated overburden layer, and the first and second anti-slip rollers contact the bottom surface of the groove. The central control console is communicatively connected to the controller of the hydraulic support model and the hydraulic drive pump station of the hydraulic support model, and sends control signals to the controller and the hydraulic drive pump station according to the simulated mining state.

[0013] The simulation system described in some of the schemes also includes: A stress box, located inside the simulated overburden layer, is used to detect the pressure value exerted by the simulated overburden layer on the top plate and send the detection result to the central control console. The central control console adjusts the movement of the hydraulic support model based on the detection results of the stress box and the pressure value detected by the stress sensor of the hydraulic support model. A hydraulic device is provided at the bottom, which is used to adjust the height of the simulated overburden layer to change the adjustable height range of the top plate of the hydraulic support model.

[0014] Thirdly, the present application provides a control method for the simulation system described in the second aspect, comprising: Step 1: Control the hydraulic drive pump station to provide oil pressure to drive the top plate of the hydraulic support model to move upward. At the same time, the first and second anti-slip rollers move upward and disengage from the bottom surface of the groove. The top plate is in contact with the simulated overburden layer. Obtain the pressure value sent by the stress sensor of the hydraulic support model and the detection result sent by the stress box in the simulated box. Step 2: Obtain the command signal indicating the end of mining, control the hydraulic support model to depressurize, and at the same time the top plate descends, the first anti-slip roller and the second anti-slip roller descend and contact the bottom of the groove; Step 3: Control the drive motor to start, drive the first anti-slip roller to move the hydraulic support model along the groove; Step 4: Move the hydraulic support model to the set position, and repeat steps 1 to 3; Step 5: If the difference between the pressure value sent by the stress sensor and the detection result sent by the stress box exceeds the allowable upper limit, an alarm message will be issued.

[0015] The above technical solution has the following beneficial effects: This application provides a self-moving hydraulic support model and simulation system for similar coal mine mining experiments. The hydraulic support model includes a drive wheel assembly and a driven wheel assembly. A controller controls the drive wheel assembly to move the hydraulic support model. The drive wheel assembly and driven wheel assembly work together to support the hydraulic support model. Through structural design, when the roof descends, the first and second anti-slip rollers in the drive wheel and driven wheel assemblies descend, making contact with the ground and providing a foundation for the hydraulic support model's movement. When the roof rises, the first and second anti-slip rollers in the drive wheel and driven wheel assemblies also rise simultaneously, without affecting the supporting function of the hydraulic support model. When the first and second anti-slip rollers descend, the controller controls the drive motor, which drives the first anti-slip roller to rotate, thus moving the hydraulic support model forward. When it is necessary to stop the hydraulic support model, the controller simply stops the drive motor. The proposed solution provides a hydraulic support model that can simulate the cyclical process of hydraulic support depressurization, movement, and support during mining, ensuring consistency between the simulation test and the actual mining situation and improving the accuracy of the test results obtained during the simulation mining process. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a simplified structural diagram of a self-moving hydraulic support model used in a coal mine similarity simulation mining experiment according to one embodiment of this application; Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a self-moving hydraulic support model for a coal mine similarity simulation mining experiment in one embodiment of this application; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Side view of the structural schematic diagram shown; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the drive wheel assembly and driven wheel assembly according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the simulated box according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a flowchart of a simulation system control method according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The specific embodiments of this application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] It is readily understood that, based on the technical solution of this application, various structural and implementation methods can be interchanged by those skilled in the art without altering the essential spirit of this application. Therefore, the following detailed embodiments and accompanying drawings are merely illustrative examples of the technical solution of this application and should not be considered as the entirety of this application or as limitations or restrictions on the technical solution of the application.

[0019] The directional terms such as up, down, left, right, front, back, front, back, top, and bottom mentioned or possibly used in this specification are defined relative to the structures shown in the accompanying drawings. They are relative concepts and may therefore vary depending on their location and usage. Therefore, these or other directional terms should not be interpreted as restrictive.

[0020] This application provides a self-moving hydraulic support model for a coal mine similarity simulation mining experiment, such as... Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the hydraulic support model includes a controller, a top plate 1, and a lower support base 8, as well as a drive wheel assembly and a driven wheel assembly. (Refer to...) Figure 1 and Figure 3The structure shown includes a first retractable component 100, a first fixing strip 18, a pair of first anti-slip rollers 19, a drive wheel 20, and a drive motor 10. The first fixing strip 18 passes through a first notch formed on the lower support 8. The pair of first anti-slip rollers 19 are disposed at both ends of the first fixing strip. The drive wheel 20 is sleeved on the outside of the first fixing strip and connected to the drive end of the drive motor 10 via a drive belt 16. The first end of the first retractable component 100 is connected to the top plate 1, and the second end of the first retractable component 100 is connected to the first fixing strip 18. When the top plate 1 moves up and down, the first fixing strip 18 moves up and down along the first notch 101 via the first retractable component 100, thereby driving the first anti-slip rollers 19 to move up and down. Figure 2 As shown, an output drive wheel 21 can be provided at the drive end of the drive motor 10. The output drive wheel 21 and the drive wheel 20 are connected by a drive belt 16. When the drive motor 10 starts running, the output drive wheel 21 rotates, which drives the drive wheel 20 to rotate via the drive belt 16. The drive wheel 20 drives the first fixing bar 18 to rotate, and the first fixing bar 18 drives the first anti-slip roller 19 to rotate. The driven wheel assembly includes a second retractable component 200, a second fixing bar 26, and a pair of second anti-slip rollers 34. The second fixing bar 26 passes through the second notch 25 formed on the lower support seat 8, and the pair of first and second anti-slip rollers 34 are disposed at both ends of the second fixing bar 26. The second retractable component 200 moves up and down synchronously with the top plate 1, and the second retractable component 200 drives the second anti-slip rollers 34 to move up and down. In a specific implementation, the second retractable component 200 can adopt the same method as the first retractable component 100, or it can use the same drive system as the main hydraulic rod 12 and main hydraulic column 14 in the hydraulic support model. When the main hydraulic rod 12 and main hydraulic column 14 are driven, they move the top plate 1 upwards, and at the same time, the second retractable component 200 also moves the second fixing bar 26 upwards. When the drive of the main hydraulic rod 12 and main hydraulic column 14 is unloaded, it moves the top plate 1 downwards, and at the same time, the second retractable component 200 also moves the second fixing bar 26 downwards. The controller is used to control the movement state of the top plate 1, and after the first anti-slip roller 19 and the second anti-slip roller 34 move downwards and contact the ground, it controls the drive motor 10 to start so as to drive the first anti-slip roller 19 to move and move the hydraulic support model. In a specific implementation, the controller can control the drive motor 10, and can also control the drive system of the main hydraulic rod 12 and main hydraulic column 14.

[0021] The hydraulic support model provided in the above-described scheme of this application is equipped with a drive wheel assembly and a driven wheel assembly. A controller can control the drive wheel assembly to move the hydraulic support model. The drive wheel assembly and the driven wheel assembly work together to support the hydraulic support model. Through the structural design of the hydraulic support model, when the top plate 1 descends, the first anti-slip roller 19 and the second anti-slip roller 34 in the drive wheel assembly and the driven wheel assembly descend, thus making contact with the ground and providing a foundation for the movement of the hydraulic support model. When the top plate 1 rises, the first anti-slip roller 19 and the second anti-slip roller 34 in the drive wheel assembly and the driven wheel assembly also rise, without affecting the supporting function of the hydraulic support model. When the first anti-slip roller 19 and the second anti-slip roller 34 descend, the controller controls the drive motor 10, which drives the first anti-slip roller 19 to rotate, thereby driving the hydraulic support model forward. When it is necessary to stop the hydraulic support model, the controller simply controls the drive motor 10 to stop driving. The proposed solution provides a hydraulic support model that can simulate the cyclical process of hydraulic support depressurization, movement, and support during mining, ensuring consistency between the simulation test and the actual mining situation and improving the accuracy of the test results obtained during the simulation mining process.

[0022] In a specific implementation, the diameters of the first anti-slip roller 19 and the second anti-slip roller 34 are the same as the height of the lower support base 8; the distance between the first anti-slip roller 19 and the second anti-slip roller 34 and the outer surface of the lower support base 8 is a set distance, which can be 2-5mm.

[0023] As a preferred option, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the first retractable component 100 includes a movable slider 11 disposed in a pre-formed groove on the top plate 1; and an elastic element 13, with its first end connected to the movable slider 11 and its second end connected to the first fixing strip 18. In a specific implementation, the elastic element 13 can be a spring, with a rigid strip 15 sleeved inside the second end of the spring. The rigid strip 15 is fixedly connected to the spring, and its bottom end is connected to the first fixing strip 18. When the top plate moves up and down, it drives the elastic element 13 to move up and down, which in turn drives the rigid strip 15 to move up and down, thereby driving the first fixing strip 18 to move up and down. During the up and down movement of the first fixing strip 18, the first anti-slip rollers 19 at both ends of the first fixing strip 18 also move up and down accordingly. In this application, the elastic element 13, in conjunction with the movable slider 11, can eliminate the damage to the first fixing strip 18 caused by the rigid connection.

[0024] As shown in the figure, in some designs, the first notch 101 has an arc-shaped cross-section, and the second notch 25 has a rectangular cross-section. As a preferred design, a sleeve 17 is provided on the outside of the first fixing strip 18. The sleeve 17 and the lower part of the first fixing strip 18, i.e., the arc-shaped first notch 101, are located below each other. During the pressure relief and movement of the hydraulic support model, the elastic element 13 is forced to press the sleeve 17 and the first fixing strip 18 into the arc-shaped first notch 101. The first fixing strip 18 then causes the first anti-slip roller 19 to protrude downwards, at which point the first anti-slip roller 19 contacts the ground. This ensures good stability for the first anti-slip roller 19 during its up-and-down movement, while the second anti-slip roller 34, restrained by the hydraulic rod 27, will not experience instability. In some embodiments, the drive motor 10 is fixed to a designated position on the lower support 8 by screws. The rotation of the drive motor 10 drives the drive wheel 20 to rotate through the output drive wheel 21 and the anti-slip drive belt 16, thereby driving the first fixed bar 18 to rotate. The rotation of the first fixed bar 18 drives the first anti-slip roller 19 to roll, which in turn drives the second anti-slip roller 34 to roll, thus moving the hydraulic support model.

[0025] Further preferably, the second retractable component 200 includes a hydraulic rod 27, whose drive input end is connected to the top plate hydraulic drive pipeline (i.e., the drive pipeline for driving the main hydraulic rod 12 and the main hydraulic column 14) via a hydraulic pipeline 30, and whose drive output end is connected to the second fixing bar 26; the top plate hydraulic drive pipeline drives the top plate 1 to rise while simultaneously driving the hydraulic rod 27 to drive the second fixing bar 26 to rise, and the top plate hydraulic drive pipeline drives the top plate 1 to fall while simultaneously driving the hydraulic rod 27 to drive the second fixing bar 26 to fall. Preferably, as shown... Figure 2 As shown, the hydraulic pipeline 30 includes a first sub-pipeline (located at the top) and a second sub-pipeline (located at the bottom). Both the first and second sub-pipelines are equipped with one-way valves 29. The one-way valve in the first sub-pipeline controls the oil pressure to flow from the top plate hydraulic drive pipeline into the drive input end of the hydraulic rod, while the one-way valve in the second sub-pipeline controls the oil pressure to flow from the drive input end of the hydraulic rod into the top plate hydraulic drive pipeline. This design allows for the simultaneous driving of the top plate 1 and the hydraulic rod 27 using a single hydraulic drive system, simplifying the structure and control method of the hydraulic support model.

[0026] Combination Figure 2In addition to the components described above, the hydraulic support model also includes a hinge plate 2, a hinge support 3, a first hinge rod 4, a second hinge rod 5, a first hinge ear 6, a second hinge ear 7, and a hydraulic drive pump station 22. The upper ends of the first hinge rod 4 and the second hinge rod 5 are connected to the hinge plate 2 via the hinge support 3, and their lower ends are connected to the lower support seat 8 via the first hinge ear 6 and the second hinge ear 7, respectively. The upper part of the main hydraulic rod 12 is hinged to the top plate 1, and the lower part is connected to the main hydraulic column 14. The main hydraulic column 14 is connected to the hydraulic drive pump station 22 via an oil pipeline. In the above scheme, the top plate 1 and the hinge plate 2, the hinge support 3 and the first hinge rod 4, the second hinge rod 5, the first hinge rod 4 and the first hinge ear 6, and the second hinge rod 5 and the second hinge ear 7 are all rotatably hinged connections. The hinge plate 2 and the second hinge rod 5 can be connected by a hydraulic connecting rod 24. The hydraulic drive pump station 22 provides oil pressure to the main hydraulic rod 12 through the oil inlet pipe. The lifting and lowering of the main hydraulic rod 12 drives the top plate 1 to move, thereby realizing the lifting and lowering of the hydraulic support model.

[0027] As previously described, the hydraulic pipeline 30 is connected to the main hydraulic column 14 and the hydraulic column 28; the one-way valve 29 includes two valves, an upper valve that controls the oil pressure to flow only from the main hydraulic column 14 into the hydraulic column 28, and a lower one-way valve that controls the oil pressure to flow only from the hydraulic column 28 into the main hydraulic column 14. Second anti-slip rollers 34 are installed at both ends of the second fixing strip 26, and the hydraulic rod 27 is connected to the second anti-slip rollers 34 via the second fixing strip 26, allowing the hydraulic rod 27 and the second anti-slip rollers 34 to move along the second slot 25 with a rectangular cross-section.

[0028] Further preferably, as shown in the figure, the self-propelled hydraulic support model also includes a stress sensor 9, which is disposed within the lower support base 8 of the hydraulic support model. The stress sensor 9 is used to detect the pressure value applied by the top plate 1 to the lower support base 8 and send the pressure value to the controller. In this application, the stress sensor 9 can send the detection result to the controller, which can then report it to the central control console 23. Preferably, the stress sensor 9 is located below the main hydraulic column 14. In this application, the central control console 23 can be connected to the hydraulic drive pump station 22, the drive motor 10, and the electric switch in the one-way valve 29 via a data cable. The central control console 23 can control the working status of the above three components, thereby simulating the movement of the hydraulic support during mining.

[0029] In some preferred solutions, combined Figure 3As shown, two main hydraulic rods 12 and 14 are arranged side-by-side on the lower support 8; two hydraulic rods 27 and 28 are arranged side-by-side between the second anti-slip roller 34 and the main hydraulic column 14. The hydraulic column 28 is connected to the main hydraulic column 14 via a hydraulic line 30, and the hydraulic rod 27 is connected to the second anti-slip roller 34 via a second fixing bar 26. The hydraulic column 28 inputs oil pressure to the main hydraulic column 14 through the hydraulic line 30, thereby driving the main hydraulic rod 12 and the second anti-slip roller 34 to rise and fall. During the pressure relief and movement of the hydraulic support model, the oil pressure from the main hydraulic column 14 enters the hydraulic column 28 through the hydraulic line 30, causing the hydraulic rod 27 to press downwards. The hydraulic rod 27 drives the second fixing bar 26 and the second anti-slip roller 34 to move downwards along the second notch 25 of the rectangular cross-section, at which point the second anti-slip roller 34 can contact the ground.

[0030] In some embodiments, this application also provides a simulation system, including a self-moving hydraulic support model for a coal mine similarity simulation mining experiment as described in any of the above embodiments, and further including, as well as, Figure 5 The simulation chamber shown includes: a simulated overburden layer 300; multiple grooves are formed on the bottom 33 of the simulation chamber, and each hydraulic support model is disposed in one of the grooves; when the top plate 1 of the hydraulic support model moves upward to the first target position, it supports the simulated overburden layer 300, and the first anti-slip roller 19 and the second anti-slip roller 34 separate from the bottom of the groove; when the top plate 1 moves downward to the second target position, the top plate 1 separates from the simulated overburden layer 300, and the first anti-slip roller 19 and the second anti-slip roller 34 contact the bottom surface of the groove; a central control console 23 is communicatively connected to the controller of the hydraulic support model and the hydraulic drive pump station 22 of the hydraulic support model, and sends control signals to the controller and the hydraulic drive pump station 22 according to the simulated mining state. Preferably, the bottom 33 of the simulated box is equipped with a gear, which allows the first anti-slip roller 19 and the second anti-slip roller 34 in the hydraulic support model to move smoothly within the groove without deviation during the pressure relief and support relocation process after coal seam mining is completed. In a specific implementation, the first anti-slip roller 19 and the second anti-slip roller 34 can also have meshing teeth that can engage with the gear, thereby ensuring that the first anti-slip roller 19 and the second anti-slip roller 34 can move smoothly along the arrangement direction of the gear without deviation. It should be noted that during the pressure relief and support relocation process after coal seam mining is completed, the first anti-slip roller 19 and the second anti-slip roller 34 are pushed above the gear in the groove. The groove spacing is equal to the width of the bottom support seat of the support, and the groove is covered with plastic wrap to prevent rock debris from falling into the groove during the simulated mining process and causing blockages that could affect the subsequent support relocation.

[0031] Preferably, such as Figure 5As shown, the simulation chamber also includes a stress box 31, located inside the simulated overburden layer 300, used to detect the pressure exerted by the simulated overburden layer 300 on the top plate 1 and send the detection results to the central control console 23. The central control console 23 adjusts the movement of the hydraulic support model based on the detection results of the stress box 31 and the pressure values ​​detected by the stress sensor 9 of the hydraulic support model. A hydraulic device 32 is located at the bottom 33, used to adjust the height of the simulated overburden layer 300 to change the adjustable height range of the top plate 1 of the hydraulic support model. As mentioned above, the solution of this application enables data acquisition. The stress sensor 9 is arranged inside the lower support base 8 and connected to report the detected data via a data line. The hydraulic device 32 is located at the bottom 33 of the simulation chamber, and the stress box 31 is laid in the key layer of the simulated overburden layer, reporting the detected data via a data line. The central control console adjusts the height of the simulated overburden layer by raising and lowering the hydraulic device 32, thereby changing the different heights that the top plate of the hydraulic support model can reach.

[0032] In this application, the central control console 23 can determine whether the hydraulic support model is overloaded based on the detection results of the stress box 31 and the stress sensor 9. If the hydraulic support model is overloaded, the supporting force of the main hydraulic column of the hydraulic support model is adjusted. For example, when the stress value of the key layer of the simulated overburden detected by the stress box 31 is greater than the stress value at the bottom of the hydraulic support model detected by the stress sensor, the supporting force of the main hydraulic column 14 needs to be increased; at the same time, during the pressure relief and relocation process, if the stress value of the key layer of the simulated overburden detected by the stress box 31 shows a significant increasing trend, the main hydraulic column 14 needs to be re-pressurized for relocation under pressure to avoid large-scale collapse of the overburden during the relocation process.

[0033] Preferably, the central control console 23 is equipped with buttons for raising, lowering, forward, backward, on / off, and emergency stop. The central control console 23 can automate the process of supporting, depressurizing, and moving the hydraulic support model.

[0034] This application also provides a control method for a simulation system, such as... Figure 6 As shown, in the first stage of a similar simulated mining experiment, after excavating the cut-out, a self-propelled hydraulic support is placed inside the cut-out and positioned in a groove; the method includes the following steps: Step 1: Control the hydraulic drive pump station to provide oil pressure to the hydraulic support model, driving the top plate to move upward. Simultaneously, the first and second anti-slip rollers move upward and disengage from the bottom of the groove, bringing the top plate into contact with the simulated overburden layer. Acquire the pressure values ​​sent by the stress sensors of the hydraulic support model and the detection results sent by the stress boxes in the simulated chamber. In this step, the central control console 23 opens the valve of the hydraulic drive pump station 22 to provide oil pressure to the main hydraulic rod 12, ensuring tight contact between the top plate 1 and the coal seam roof of the simulated overburden layer.

[0035] Step Two: Obtain the command signal indicating the end of mining, control the hydraulic support model to depressurize, and simultaneously the top plate descends while the first and second anti-slip rollers descend and contact the bottom of the groove. In this step, the one-way valve 29 above the hydraulic pipeline is opened using the central control console 23, and the oil pressure of the main hydraulic column 14 enters the hydraulic column 28, controlling the main hydraulic rod 12 to depressurize; at the same time, the hydraulic rod 27, under oil pressure, drives the second anti-slip roller 34 to move downward through the second fixing bar; the elastic element 13 contracts, causing the rigid bar 15 to be stressed and press the sleeve 17 and the first fixing bar 18 into the first notch 101 with the arc cross section, and the first fixing bar 18 drives the first anti-slip roller 19 to bulge downward. At this time, the height of the first anti-slip roller 19 and the second anti-slip roller 34 is lower than the height of the lower support seat 8 and is pushed to the bottom of the grooved bottom 33 above the gear.

[0036] Step 3: Start the drive motor to drive the first anti-slip roller to move the hydraulic support model along the groove. In this step, after the hydraulic support model is depressurized, the drive motor 10 is turned on using the central control console 23. The drive motor 10 rotates, which drives the drive wheel 20, the first fixing bar 18 and the first anti-slip roller 19 to rotate through the output drive wheel 21 and the anti-slip drive belt 16. This, in turn, drives the second anti-slip roller 34 to rotate, thus driving the hydraulic support model to move along the groove.

[0037] Step 4: The hydraulic support model is moved to the set position, and steps 1 to 3 are repeated. In this step, it can be detected whether the front end of the roof plate 1 touches the coal wall. If the front end of the roof plate 1 touches the coal wall, the drive motor 10 is shut off, and the opening and closing of the two one-way valves 29 are controlled to allow oil pressure to re-enter the main hydraulic column 14 from the hydraulic column 28, and to provide oil pressure to the main hydraulic rod 12 again so that the roof plate 1 is in tight contact with the coal seam roof. After the roof plate 1 is in tight contact with the coal seam roof, the first anti-slip gear 19 is driven by the contraction of the elastic element 13 and leaves the groove to return to its original position; the second anti-slip gear 34 is depressurized due to the oil pressure flowing into the main hydraulic column 14, so it also leaves the groove and moves to the same height as the lower support seat 8, thus returning to step 1.

[0038] Step 5: If the difference between the pressure value sent by the stress sensor and the detection result sent by the stress box exceeds the allowable upper limit, an alarm message will be issued. During the relocation process, the stress box 31 monitors in real time the stress in the key layer of the simulated overburden and the bottom stress of the hydraulic support model detected by the stress sensor 9. The central control console 23 adjusts the hydraulic support model in a timely manner according to the detection results. During the mining process, the stress changes collected in real time by the stress sensor 9 are recorded in the storage space. The above-mentioned scheme of this application features anti-slip rollers installed at the bottom of the hydraulic support model, and grooves and gears arranged inside the simulation box, which cooperate with each other to easily simulate the movement process of the hydraulic support. The anti-slip rollers are controlled by a hydraulic device and can automatically adjust their height according to the working state of the hydraulic support model, making the experimental process more convenient. Stress sensors are used to collect changes in the overburden load above the hydraulic support model in real time during the mining process, which facilitates the subsequent analysis of the interaction between the support and the surrounding rock. Furthermore, during the mining and support movement, the stress in the overburden and the stress at the bottom of the hydraulic support can be compared and analyzed in real time, and the support force of the hydraulic support can be adjusted in a timely manner to prevent support collapse accidents. The support, decompression, and movement processes of the support can all be controlled through a central control console, which reduces the difficulty of the experimental process and improves the accuracy of the experimental results.

[0039] As needed, the above technical solutions can be combined to achieve the best technical effect.

[0040] The above are merely the principles and preferred embodiments of this application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several other modifications can be made based on the principles of this application, and these modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A self-moving hydraulic support model for a coal mine similarity simulation mining experiment, comprising a roof plate and a lower support base, characterized in that, It also includes a controller, a drive wheel assembly, and a driven wheel assembly, wherein: The drive wheel assembly includes a first retractable component, a first fixing bar, a pair of first anti-slip rollers, a drive wheel, and a drive motor. The first fixing bar passes through a first notch formed on the lower support base. The pair of first anti-slip rollers are disposed at both ends of the first fixing bar. The drive wheel is sleeved on the outside of the first fixing bar and connected to the drive end of the drive motor via a drive belt. The first end of the first retractable component is connected to the top plate, and the second end of the first retractable component is connected to the first fixing bar. When the top plate moves up and down, the first fixing bar moves up and down along the first notch via the first retractable component, thereby driving the first anti-slip rollers to move up and down. The driven wheel assembly includes a second retractable component, a second fixing bar, and a pair of second anti-slip rollers; the second fixing bar passes through a second notch formed on the lower support base, and the pair of second anti-slip rollers are disposed at both ends of the second fixing bar; the second retractable component moves up and down synchronously with the top plate, and the second retractable component drives the second anti-slip rollers to move up and down; The controller is used to control the movement state of the top plate, and after the first anti-slip roller and the second anti-slip roller move downward and contact the ground, it controls the drive motor to start so as to drive the first anti-slip roller to move and drive the hydraulic support model to move. The first retractable component includes: a movable slider disposed in a pre-formed groove on the top plate; and an elastic element, with its first end connected to the movable slider and its second end connected to the first fixing strip. The second retractable component includes a hydraulic rod, the drive input end of which is connected to the top plate hydraulic drive pipeline via a hydraulic pipeline, and the drive output end of which is connected to the second fixing bar; the top plate hydraulic drive pipeline drives the top plate to rise while simultaneously driving the hydraulic rod to move the second fixing bar to rise, and the top plate hydraulic drive pipeline drives the top plate to fall while simultaneously driving the hydraulic rod to move the second fixing bar to fall; The first notch has an arc-shaped cross-section, and the second notch has a rectangular cross-section.

2. The self-moving hydraulic support model for coal mine similarity simulation mining experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic pipeline includes a first sub-pipeline and a second sub-pipeline, both of which are equipped with one-way valves. The one-way valve in the first sub-pipeline controls the oil pressure to flow from the top plate hydraulic drive pipeline into the drive input end of the hydraulic rod, and the one-way valve in the second sub-pipeline controls the oil pressure to flow from the drive input end of the hydraulic rod into the top plate hydraulic drive pipeline.

3. The self-moving hydraulic support model for coal mine similarity simulation mining experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameters of the first and second anti-slip rollers are the same as the height of the lower support base; the distance between the first and second anti-slip rollers and the outer surface of the lower support base is a predetermined distance.

4. The self-moving hydraulic support model for coal mine similarity simulation mining experiments according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Also includes: A stress sensor is installed in the lower support of the hydraulic support model to detect the pressure value applied by the top plate to the lower support and send the pressure value to the controller.

5. A simulation system, characterized in that, The model includes a self-moving hydraulic support for a coal mine similarity simulation mining experiment as described in any one of claims 1-4, and also includes a simulation box, wherein: The simulated enclosure includes simulated overburden layers; The bottom of the simulation box has multiple grooves, and each hydraulic support model is set in one of the grooves. When the top plate of the hydraulic support model moves upward to the first target position, it supports the simulated overburden layer, and the first and second anti-slip rollers separate from the bottom of the groove; when the top plate moves downward to the second target position, the top plate separates from the simulated overburden layer, and the first and second anti-slip rollers contact the bottom surface of the groove. The central control console is communicatively connected to the controller of the hydraulic support model and the hydraulic drive pump station of the hydraulic support model, and sends control signals to the controller and the hydraulic drive pump station according to the simulated mining state.

6. The simulation system according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: A stress box, located inside the simulated overburden layer, is used to detect the pressure value exerted by the simulated overburden layer on the top plate and send the detection result to the central control console. The central control console adjusts the movement of the hydraulic support model based on the detection results of the stress box and the pressure value detected by the stress sensor of the hydraulic support model. A hydraulic device is provided at the bottom, which is used to adjust the height of the simulated overburden layer to change the adjustable height range of the top plate of the hydraulic support model.

7. A control method for the simulation system according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, include: Step 1: Control the hydraulic drive pump station to provide oil pressure to drive the top plate of the hydraulic support model to move upward. At the same time, the first and second anti-slip rollers move upward and disengage from the bottom surface of the groove. The top plate is in contact with the simulated overburden layer. Obtain the pressure value sent by the stress sensor of the hydraulic support model and the detection result sent by the stress box in the simulated box. Step 2: Obtain the command signal indicating the end of mining, control the hydraulic support model to depressurize, and at the same time the top plate descends, the first anti-slip roller and the second anti-slip roller descend and contact the bottom of the groove; Step 3: Control the drive motor to start, drive the first anti-slip roller to move the hydraulic support model along the groove; Step 4: Move the hydraulic support model to the set position, and repeat steps 1 to 3; Step 5: If the difference between the pressure value sent by the stress sensor and the detection result sent by the stress box exceeds the allowable upper limit, an alarm message will be issued.

Images