Agriculture-light complementary compound production system based on photovoltaic energy and planting method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of agricultural light complementary type composite production systems based on photovoltaic energy and its planting method, it is related to solar power generation technical field, including frame, the middle part of the frame top end is embedded and installed with photovoltaic board, air cushion is sleeved with the outside of photovoltaic board, the bottom of the frame is symmetrically installed with base, the bottom end of the base is embedded and installed with capsule pad, the middle part of the base top end is embedded and slidably installed with slide bar, the slide bar bottom end is installed with support plate, the present application can be external disturbance force into disturbance pressure, realize the dynamic conversion superposition of gravity, internal air pressure and external wind force, carry out triple elastic locking to photovoltaic board, strengthen the connecting stress between frame, photovoltaic board and base, simultaneously give photovoltaic board sufficient elastic buffer space, substantially improve its compatibility to complex external environment, improve the sustainability and stability of agricultural light complementary work, can more effectively carry out photovoltaic array dynamic optimization, improve the working effect of photovoltaic board.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solar power generation technology, specifically to a photovoltaic-based agricultural-solar complementary composite production system and its planting method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in the integrated agricultural-solar production process, the balance and stability of photovoltaic arrays are insufficient. Not only is the effective utilization of sunlight poor, but the photovoltaic panels are also easily disturbed by external wind in complex external environments, which can lead to misalignment, displacement, deformation, damage, and even falling and damaging crops. They cannot effectively adapt to the complex external environment in the agricultural-solar integration process, which not only fails to solve the problem of photovoltaic power stations occupying land resources, but also easily causes double economic losses. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a photovoltaic-based integrated agricultural-photovoltaic production system, which can effectively solve the problems mentioned in the background art. In the current integrated agricultural-photovoltaic production process, the photovoltaic array is not balanced and stable enough, resulting in poor utilization of sunlight. In complex external environments, the photovoltaic panels are also easily disturbed by external wind, which can cause them to be misaligned, deformed, damaged, or fall and damage crops. This makes it difficult to adapt to the complex external environment in the integrated agricultural-photovoltaic process. It not only fails to solve the problem of photovoltaic power stations occupying land resources, but also easily causes double economic losses.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a photovoltaic-integrated agricultural-photovoltaic production system, comprising a frame, wherein a photovoltaic panel is embedded and installed at the top center of the frame, and a photovoltaic array mechanism is installed at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel;

[0005] The photovoltaic array mechanism includes an air cushion;

[0006] An air cushion is fitted around the outside of the photovoltaic panel. A base is symmetrically installed at the bottom of the frame. A bladder is embedded in the bottom of the base. A sliding rod is slidably installed in the middle of the top of the base. A support plate is installed at the bottom of the sliding rod. A support cylinder is threaded onto the top of the sliding rod. A pull rod is slidably installed in the top of the support cylinder. A piston is installed at the bottom of the pull rod.

[0007] A cross seat is installed at the top of the pull rod, a guide tube is connected to the top of one side of the outer curved surface of the support cylinder, a side box is installed on one side of the outer curved surface of the base, a plug is slidably installed inside the side box, a side tube is connected to the middle of the outer curved surface of the side box, a shaft plug is rotatably installed inside the cross seat, a rotating rod is installed at both ends of the shaft plug, and a bracket is installed at the end of the rotating rod.

[0008] Preferably, a liquid cavity is provided inside the base corresponding to the position of the support plate, a side hole is provided on the outer curved surface of the liquid cavity corresponding to the bottom position of the side box, a through opening is provided on the top of the outer curved surface of the plug cap, and an air cavity is provided inside the support cylinder corresponding to the position of the piston.

[0009] A sliding box is installed at the top of the cross seat, and a lead screw is rotatably installed on the side end face of the sliding box. A sliding plate is installed on the outer curved surface of the lead screw through a thread. A first hole is opened at one corner of the bottom end of the sliding box, located on one side of the shaft plug, and a tail hole is opened at the other corner of the bottom end of the sliding box, located on the other side of the shaft plug.

[0010] Preferably, the frame is connected to the rotating rod via a bracket, and the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the cross seat. The axle plug divides the inner cavity of the cross seat into two relatively independent chambers. The chambers on both sides of the axle plug in the inner cavity of the cross seat are connected to the space on both sides of the slide box inside the slide box via the first hole and the tail hole, respectively. Both the cross seat and the slide box are filled with hydraulic fluid.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom of the liquid chamber is connected to the inner cavity of the bladder, the liquid chamber is connected to the space inside the side box located at the bottom of the plug cap through the side hole, the space inside the liquid chamber located at the top of the support plate is connected to the space inside the air chamber located at the top of the piston through the conduit, and each connecting valve is connected in series through an external pipe, the end of the side pipe is connected to the inner cavity of the air cushion, and the slide rod is a semi-threaded screw.

[0012] Preferably, a liquid valve is embedded at the bottom of the outer curved surface of the liquid cavity, an air valve is installed at the end of the conduit and at the top of one side end face of the side box, a pressure gauge is embedded at the top of the other side end face of the side box, and connecting valves are installed on both sides of the top of the outer curved surface of the air cavity.

[0013] Preferably, an agricultural-solar hybrid mechanism is installed on the outer side of the photovoltaic panel;

[0014] The agro-solar hybrid mechanism includes a top frame;

[0015] A top frame is rotatably mounted on the top edge of the frame. A fill light plate is embedded in both end faces of the top frame. A connecting shaft is mounted on the bottom of the top frame. A clip is slidably mounted on the end of the connecting shaft. A retaining ring is embedded in the side face of the top frame at the corresponding position of the clip. Several beam splitters are evenly mounted at equal intervals on the bottom of the frame. A frame base is mounted on the edge of the bottom of the frame. A reflector is rotatably mounted in both end faces of the frame base. A light strip is mounted on the bottom of the frame at the gap between the beam splitters. A sensor is mounted on the bottom of the cross base.

[0016] A screw is rotatably mounted in the middle of the side end face of the top frame. Both ends of the screw are slidably mounted with bearing seats. A turbine is mounted at the end of the bearing seats. A wind casing is mounted on the side end face of the top frame corresponding to the turbine position. A wind guide shroud is mounted on the top of the wind casing. An air pipe is connected to the middle of the side end face of the wind casing. A wind guide seat is rotatably mounted at the corner of the side end face of the top frame.

[0017] Both sides of the outer curved surface of the screw are equipped with clamping plates. A threaded plate is threadedly installed on the outer curved surface of the screw between the two clamping plates. An installation head is installed on the top of both end faces of the threaded plate. A scraper is installed on the bottom edge of the installation head. A roller brush is rotatably installed on the middle of the bottom end of the installation head.

[0018] Preferably, the output terminal of the photovoltaic panel is connected to the external power grid and an external battery via an external converter, the input terminal of the light strip is electrically connected to the output terminal of the external battery, the sensor is a quantum sensor, and the light strip is composed of an integrated multispectral LED supplementary lighting array, with a red light wavelength of 660nm, a blue light wavelength of 450nm, and a quantum flux density of 50-100μmol·m⁻¹. -2·s-1。

[0019] Preferably, the fill light plate is a plane mirror, the beam splitter is a convex curved mirror, the two reflectors are a concave curved mirror and a convex curved mirror respectively, and the reflector located on one side of the horizontal seat is a convex curved mirror.

[0020] Preferably, the two turbines deflect in opposite directions, the sum of the sliding distance of the screw and the distance between the two clamping plates is equal to the distance between the two bearing seats, the bearing seats are rotatably connected to the top frame, the clamping plates are fitted with the bearing seats, the clamping head is fitted with the clamping ring, and the sliding distance of the clamping head is greater than the thickness of the clamping ring, and the inner cavity of the air guide seat is connected to the inner cavity of the air casing through an air pipe.

[0021] A photovoltaic-based integrated agricultural and solar production method includes the following steps:

[0022] S1. Using a corresponding number of photovoltaic array mechanisms, install each photovoltaic panel onto the external ground piles in sequence to complete the initial arrangement and installation work;

[0023] S2. Observe the air pressure at the top of the plug cap using a pressure gauge, and adjust the limiting air pressure using the air valve on the side box to limit the threshold of the connection stress between the frame and the photovoltaic panel.

[0024] S3. Inject hydraulic fluid into the liquid chamber through the liquid valve, connect each support cylinder in series using the connecting valve, inject air into the air valve on any one of the pipes, and use gravity and air pressure to elastically limit the photovoltaic panel.

[0025] S4. The photovoltaic array mechanism dynamically converts gravity, internal airflow pressure and external wind force, locks the photovoltaic panels and base, and adjusts the angle and height of each photovoltaic panel to dynamically optimize the photovoltaic array.

[0026] S5. Adjust the angles of the supplemental lighting plate and reflector to provide natural light supplementation to the bottom side of the photovoltaic panel. Monitor the PAR value in real time using sensors. Ensure that the PPFD in the planting area is less than 200 μmol·m⁻². -2·s-1时，自动激活灯条进行补光；

[0027] S6. Planting troughs are set at the bottom of the photovoltaic panels for grid planting, with a focus on selecting and cultivating peony, ginger, Panax notoginseng and Dendrobium officinale. A three-dimensional layout of "photovoltaic layer - vine layer - rhizome layer" is adopted for composite production and planting.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: the present invention has a scientific and reasonable structure and is safe and convenient to use;

[0029] 1. Equipped with a photovoltaic array mechanism, it can form a triple interlocking structure through the cooperation of air cushion, base, bladder, slide bar, support plate, support cylinder, pull rod and piston. In addition, the flow-limiting and guiding effect of duct, side box, plug cap and side tube can transform and superimpose internal stress and external disturbance pressure, improve the balance of photovoltaic panel, and make photovoltaic panel work more efficiently and stably. On the one hand, it can provide stable flexible support for photovoltaic panel, effectively reduce the locking pressure on frame, photovoltaic panel and base during daily operation, reduce the load pressure on photovoltaic panel and improve the durability of photovoltaic panel. On the other hand, when the external wind force increases, it can transform the external disturbance force into locking pressure, realize the dynamic transformation and superposition of gravity, internal air pressure and external wind force, and achieve triple elastic locking of frame, photovoltaic panel and base, strengthen the connection stress between frame, photovoltaic panel and base, and improve the pull-out resistance of photovoltaic panel.

[0030] On another front, it simultaneously provides ample elastic buffer space for the photovoltaic panels, preventing them from being subjected to direct hard compression and pulling, avoiding direct hard impacts, dispersing and weakening external impact forces, and precisely limiting the elastic locking force on the photovoltaic panels. This significantly improves their compatibility with complex external environments. Combined with flexible supports, it greatly extends the effective service life of the photovoltaic panels, enabling them to generate electricity more efficiently and stably, improving the sustainability and stability of agricultural-solar complementary operations, and enhancing economic benefits. In addition, the limiting and adjusting functions of the horizontal seat, shaft plug, rotating rod, bracket, liquid cavity, side hole, through port, air cavity, sliding box, lead screw, sliding plate, first hole, and tail hole allow for convenient dynamic limitation of the photovoltaic panel angle, enabling more effective dynamic optimization of the photovoltaic array and improving the working effect of the photovoltaic panels.

[0031] 2. Equipped with an agricultural-photovoltaic complementary mechanism, the structure, consisting of a top frame, supplementary light plate, beam splitter, frame base, and reflector, forms a natural light compensation structure. This synchronously compensates for the natural light in the planting area, effectively increasing the daily cumulative amount of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in the planting area. Combined with the limiting and adjusting functions of the coupling, clamps, and clamps, as well as the real-time detection function of the sensors, it can work with light strips to form a dual compensation mechanism for quantum flux density. This enables dynamic optimization of the photovoltaic array configuration, effectively reducing the PAR decay rate in the planting area. Simultaneously, by rationally optimizing the arrangement of photovoltaic modules, a three-dimensional planting structure can be achieved, completing a three-dimensional layout of "photovoltaic layer - vine layer - rootstock layer." This allows for grid-like planting, significantly improving light utilization efficiency and effectively enhancing photothermal synergy and biological adaptability. This breakthrough establishes a dynamic light-controlled agricultural-photovoltaic complementary integrated mechanism, achieving synergistic optimization of power generation efficiency, agricultural output, and resource utilization.

[0032] On the other hand, while ensuring sufficient light, it can reduce the spacing between photovoltaic panels and significantly increase the effective light intensity of the photovoltaic panels, achieving a breakthrough in the gradient utilization of solar thermal resources. This effectively improves land utilization and agricultural economic benefits, realizes the synergistic optimization of improving the quality and efficiency of agricultural production, and also optimizes the ecological environment. It provides an innovative system solution for the sustainable development of photovoltaic array agriculture and the sustainable development of modern agriculture under land resource constraints, and has the potential for large-scale promotion and application. Through the cooperation of screw, bearing, turbine, wind casing, wind guide shroud, air pipe, wind guide seat, clamping plate, threaded plate, mounting head, scraper and roller brush, external wind power can be used as driving force to dynamically clean the supplementary light panels, which can fully ensure the stability and effectiveness of natural light compensation work and strengthen the integrity and stability of the agricultural-solar complementary mechanism.

[0033] In summary, by combining photovoltaic array mechanisms with agricultural photovoltaic complementary mechanisms, the configuration of the photovoltaic array can be effectively optimized, ensuring the stability and effective service life of the photovoltaic panels and optimizing the layout of photovoltaic modules. This not only effectively solves the problem of photovoltaic power stations occupying land resources, but also improves the composite utilization rate of land, allowing agricultural planting areas to still receive sufficient diffused light. Furthermore, by combining photovoltaic power generation with the planting of shade-tolerant crops, dual economic benefits are brought about, reducing dependence on traditional energy sources, improving the agricultural microclimate, and enhancing the ecological benefits of the land. This provides an innovative solution for the integration of agriculture and new energy, while also promoting the development of smart agriculture, and has broad application prospects and promotional value. Attached Figure Description

[0034] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0035] In the attached diagram:

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the base mounting structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic array mechanism of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the shaft plug mounting structure of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the slide bar mounting structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the support cylinder installation structure of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the agricultural-solar complementary mechanism of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the threaded plate mounting structure of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 9 This is a flowchart of the agro-photovoltaic complementary integrated production and planting method of the present invention;

[0045] The diagram is labeled: 1. Frame; 11. Photovoltaic panel;

[0046] 200. Photovoltaic array mechanism; 201. Air cushion; 202. Base; 203. Bag pad; 204. Slide rod; 205. Support plate; 206. Support cylinder; 207. Pull rod; 208. Piston; 209. Horizontal seat; 210. Guide tube; 211. Side box; 212. Plug cap; 213. Side tube; 214. Shaft plug; 215. Rotating rod; 216. Bracket; 217. Liquid chamber; 218. Side hole; 219. Through port; 220. Air chamber; 221. Slide box; 222. Lead screw; 223. Slide plate; 224. First hole; 225. Tail hole;

[0047] 20. Liquid valve; 21. Connecting valve; 22. Gas valve; 23. Pressure gauge;

[0048] 300. Photovoltaic hybrid mechanism; 301. Top frame; 302. Supplemental lighting plate; 303. Coupling shaft; 304. Clamping head; 305. Clamping ring; 306. Beam splitter; 307. Frame base; 308. Reflector; 309. Light strip; 310. Sensor; 311. Screw; 312. Shaft base; 313. Turbine; 314. Air casing; 315. Air guide cover; 316. Air pipe; 317. Air guide seat; 318. Clamping plate; 319. Threaded plate; 320. Mounting head; 321. Scraper; 322. Roller brush. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0050] Example: Figure 1-8 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution, an agricultural-photovoltaic complementary composite production system based on photovoltaic energy, including a frame 1, a photovoltaic panel 11 embedded in the middle of the top of the frame 1, and a photovoltaic array mechanism 200 installed at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel 11;

[0051] The photovoltaic array mechanism 200 includes an air cushion 201;

[0052] An air cushion 201 is fitted onto the outer side of the photovoltaic panel 11. A base 202 is symmetrically installed at the bottom of the frame 1. A bladder 203 is embedded in the bottom end of the base 202. A slide rod 204 is slidably installed in the middle of the top end of the base 202. A support plate 205 is installed at the bottom end of the slide rod 204. A support cylinder 206 is threadedly installed at the top end of the slide rod 204. A pull rod 207 is slidably installed in the top end of the support cylinder 206. A piston 208 is installed at the bottom end of the pull rod 207.

[0053] A cross seat 209 is installed at the top of the pull rod 207. A guide tube 210 is connected to the top of one side of the outer curved surface of the support cylinder 206. A side box 211 is installed on one side of the outer curved surface of the base 202. A plug cap 212 is slidably installed inside the side box 211. A side tube 213 is connected to the middle of the outer curved surface of the side box 211. A shaft plug 214 is rotatably installed inside the cross seat 209. Rotating rods 215 are installed at both ends of the shaft plug 214. A bracket 216 is installed at the end of the rotating rod 215.

[0054] A liquid cavity 217 is provided inside the base 202 at the position corresponding to the support plate 205. The bottom of the liquid cavity 217 is connected to the inner cavity of the bladder 203. The liquid cavity 217 is connected to the space inside the side box 211 at the bottom of the plug cap 212 through the side hole 218. The space inside the liquid cavity 217 at the top of the support plate 205 is connected to the space inside the air cavity 220 at the top of the piston 208 through the conduit 210. Each connecting valve 21 is connected in series through an external pipe. The end of the side pipe 213 is connected to the inner cavity of the air cushion 201. The slide rod 204 is a semi-threaded screw to supplement the height and provide stable support. A side hole 218 is provided on the outer curved surface of the liquid cavity 217 at the position corresponding to the bottom of the side box 211. An opening 219 is provided on the top of the outer curved surface of the plug cap 212.

[0055] An air chamber 220 is provided inside the support cylinder 206 at the position corresponding to the piston 208. A liquid valve 20 is embedded in the bottom of the outer curved surface of the liquid chamber 217. An air valve 22 is installed at the end of the guide tube 210 and the top of one side end face of the side box 211. A pressure gauge 23 is embedded in the top of the other side end face of the side box 211. Connecting valves 21 are installed on both sides of the top of the outer curved surface of the air chamber 220 to limit the locking pressure and improve stability. A slide box 221 is installed at the top of the cross seat 209. A lead screw 222 is rotatably installed in the side end face of the slide box 221. A sliding plate 223 is installed on the outer curved surface of the lead screw 222 through threads. A first hole 224 is provided at the corner of the bottom end of the slide box 221 at the position of the shaft plug 214.

[0056] A tail hole 225 is provided at the corner of the bottom of the slide box 221 on the other side of the shaft plug 214. The frame 1 is connected to the rotating rod 215 through the bracket 216, and the rotating rod 215 is rotatably connected to the cross seat 209. The shaft plug 214 divides the inner cavity of the cross seat 209 into two relatively independent chambers. The chambers of the inner cavity of the cross seat 209 located on both sides of the shaft plug 214 are connected to the space inside the slide box 221 located on both sides of the slide plate 223 through the first hole 224 and the tail hole 225, respectively. The cross seat 209 and the slide box 221 are filled with hydraulic fluid to limit and adjust the angle, thereby improving the light utilization rate.

[0057] An agricultural-solar hybrid mechanism 300 is installed on the outer side of the photovoltaic panel 11;

[0058] The agricultural-solar hybrid system 300 includes a top frame 301;

[0059] A top frame 301 is rotatably mounted on the top edge of frame 1. A fill light plate 302 is embedded in both end faces of the top frame 301. A connecting shaft 303 is mounted on the bottom of the top frame 301. A clip 304 is slidably mounted on the end of the connecting shaft 303. A retaining ring 305 is embedded in the side end face of the top frame 301 at the position corresponding to the clip 304. Several beam splitters 306 are evenly mounted at equal intervals on the bottom of frame 1. A frame base 307 is mounted on the bottom edge of frame 1. A reflector 308 is rotatably mounted in both end faces of the frame base 307. The fill light plate 302 is a plane mirror, the beam splitter 306 is an outwardly convex curved mirror, and the two reflectors 308 are respectively an inwardly concave curved mirror and an outwardly convex curved mirror. The reflector 308 located on one side of the horizontal seat 209 is an outwardly convex curved mirror to compensate for natural light and improve illumination stability. A light strip 309 is installed at the bottom of frame 1 at the gap position of the beam splitter 306.

[0060] A sensor 310 is installed at the bottom of the horizontal base 209. The output of the photovoltaic panel 11 is connected to the external power grid and an external battery through an external converter. The input of the light strip 309 is electrically connected to the output of the external battery. The sensor 310 is a quantum sensor. The light strip 309 is composed of an integrated multispectral LED supplementary lighting array, and the red light wavelength of the light strip 309 is 660nm, the blue light wavelength is 450nm, and the quantum flux density is 80μmol·m. -2·s-1，以对光照量进行实时补偿，农光互补效果；

[0061] A screw 311 is rotatably mounted embedded in the middle of the side end face of the top frame 301. Both ends of the screw 311 are slidably mounted with bearing seats 312. A turbine 313 is mounted at the end of the bearing seat 312. A wind casing 314 is mounted on the side end face of the top frame 301 corresponding to the position of the turbine 313. An air guide shroud 315 is mounted on the top of the wind casing 314. An air pipe 316 is connected to the middle of the side end face of the wind casing 314. An air guide seat 317 is rotatably mounted at the corner of the side end face of the top frame 301.

[0062] Both sides of the outer curved surface of the screw 311 are equipped with clamping plates 318. The two turbines 313 deflect in opposite directions. The sum of the sliding distance of the screw 311 and the distance between the two clamping plates 318 is equal to the distance between the two bearing seats 312. The bearing seats 312 are rotatably connected to the top frame 301. The clamping plates 318 fit with the bearing seats 312. The clamping head 304 fits with the retaining ring 305, and the sliding distance of the clamping head 304 is greater than the thickness of the retaining ring 305. The inner cavity of the air guide seat 317 is connected to the inner cavity of the air shell 314 through the air pipe 316 to improve the stability of the supplementary lighting. The outer curved surface of the screw 311 is located between the two clamping plates 318 and is equipped with a threaded plate 319. The top of both end faces of the threaded plate 319 is equipped with an installation head 320. The bottom edge of the installation head 320 is equipped with a scraper 321. The bottom center of the installation head 320 is rotatably equipped with a roller brush 322.

[0063] like Figure 9 As shown, a photovoltaic-based integrated agricultural and solar production method includes the following steps:

[0064] S1. Using a corresponding number of photovoltaic array mechanisms 200, each photovoltaic panel 11 is installed on the external ground pile in sequence to complete the initial arrangement and installation work;

[0065] S2. Observe the air pressure at the top of the plug cap 212 through the pressure gauge 23, and adjust the limiting air pressure through the air valve 22 on the side box 211 to limit the threshold of the connection stress between the frame 1 and the photovoltaic panel 11.

[0066] S3. Hydraulic fluid is injected into the liquid chamber 217 through the liquid valve 20. Each support cylinder 206 is connected in series using the connecting valve 21. Air is injected into the air valve 22 on any one of the conduits 210. The photovoltaic panel 11 is elastically limited by gravity and air pressure.

[0067] S4. The photovoltaic array mechanism 200 dynamically converts gravity, internal airflow pressure and external wind force, locks the photovoltaic panel 11 and the base 202, and adjusts the angle and height of each photovoltaic panel 11 to dynamically optimize the photovoltaic array.

[0068] S5. Adjust the angles of the supplemental lighting plate 302 and the reflector 308 to provide natural light supplementation to the bottom side of the photovoltaic panel 11. Monitor the PAR value in real time using the sensor 310. Ensure the PPFD in the planting area is less than 200 μmol·m⁻². -2·s-1时，自动激活灯条309进行补光；

[0069] S6. Planting troughs are set at the bottom of photovoltaic panels 11 for grid planting, with a focus on peony, ginger, Panax notoginseng and Dendrobium officinale. A three-dimensional layout of "photovoltaic layer - vine layer - rhizome layer" is adopted for composite production and planting.

[0070] The working principle and usage process of this invention: When using this agricultural photovoltaic complementary mechanism for composite production and planting, firstly, based on actual needs, select the appropriate number of photovoltaic panels 11, align the base 202 with the external ground stake, install the base 202 on the external ground stake, install the horizontal seat 209 on the tie rod 207, fix the bracket 216 together with the frame 1 on the rotating rod 215, and finally clip the photovoltaic panel 11 into the inner side of the air cushion 201. Here, the assembly sequence can be adjusted according to the actual construction convenience and construction habits. The photovoltaic array mechanism 200 and the frame 1 can be assembled first, and then the photovoltaic array mechanism 200 can be installed on the external ground stake. Through the appropriate number of photovoltaic array mechanisms 200, each photovoltaic panel 11 can be installed on the external ground stake in sequence to complete the initial arrangement and installation work.

[0071] It should be noted that under the initial conditions, the side box 211 is filled with sufficient air at the top of the plug 212, that is, the air pressure at the top of the plug 212 is sufficient. Under the action of air pressure, the plug 212 abuts against the bottom of the side box 211. At this time, the opening 219 is connected to the side pipe 213. Before carrying out the aforementioned installation work, the air pressure at the top of the plug 212 can be observed by the pressure gauge 23. This air pressure is the maximum limiting air pressure between the frame 1 and the photovoltaic panel 11 during the subsequent work.

[0072] By injecting air into the side box 211 through the air valve 22 on the side box 211, the limiting air pressure can be adjusted, and the threshold of the connection stress between the frame 1 and the photovoltaic panel 11 can be limited. While ensuring the connection stability, the load pressure of the frame 1 and the photovoltaic panel 11 in the subsequent use process is reduced, so as to avoid deformation and damage due to long-term operation under high pressure, and ensure that it can work more continuously and stably for a long time.

[0073] After the aforementioned adjustment and installation work is completed, hydraulic fluid is injected into the liquid chamber 217 through the liquid valve 20. Under the action of gravity, the support plate 205 will squeeze the bottom hydraulic fluid, and then the hydraulic fluid will enter the pad 203 under pressure, causing the pad 203 to expand accordingly, squeezing and holding the external ground pile, and strengthening the connection stress between the base 202 and the external ground pile.

[0074] At the same time, with the side hole 218 connected, hydraulic fluid will enter the side box 211 synchronously. At this time, the side tube 213 and the through port 219 are in a conductive state. With the side tube 213 connected, hydraulic fluid will enter the air cushion 201 through the side tube 213, forcing the air cushion 201 to expand accordingly, synchronously squeezing the frame 1 and the photovoltaic panel 11, strengthening the connection stress between the frame 1 and the photovoltaic panel 11, and using the weight of the device to initially limit and fix the base 202 and the photovoltaic panel 11.

[0075] Then, open the connecting valve 21, and use the external pipe to connect each branch cylinder 206 in series in sequence. Then, use the external air filling device to inject air into the air valve 22 on any one of the pipes 210. With the external pipe and the connecting valve 21 connected, the airflow will enter each air chamber 220 at the same time to replenish the air inside the air chamber 220 and adjust the air pressure on the top of the piston 208.

[0076] Simultaneously, with the connection of the conduit 210, the airflow will enter the space inside the liquid chamber 217 located at the top of the support plate 205 through the conduit 210, compressing the support plate 205 and forming a combined force with gravity, increasing the squeezing force of the support plate 205 on the bottom hydraulic fluid, so that the air cushion 201 and the bladder 203 can obtain sufficient elastic support, further enhancing the clamping force of the bladder 203 on the external ground pile and the locking force of the air cushion 201 on the frame 1 and the photovoltaic panel 11. Through the photovoltaic array mechanism 200, with the help of gravity and air pressure, the photovoltaic panel 11 is double elastically limited;

[0077] During the aforementioned installation process, in the process of final fixing of the base 202 and the photovoltaic panel 11, the air pressure on the top of the support plate 205 can be appropriately reduced so that the air pressure value is less than the air pressure on the top of the plug cap 212, that is, less than the limiting air pressure threshold, so as to reduce the pressure on the photovoltaic panel 11. In actual operation, when the frame 1 and the photovoltaic panel 11 are impacted by external wind, they will drag the pull rod 207, forcing the piston 208 to compress the air at the top.

[0078] With the conduit 210 connected, the air pressure on the top of the support plate 205 will rise synchronously, causing the hydraulic fluid pressure to rise synchronously under its pressure. During this process, as the hydraulic fluid pressure increases, the pressure on the bottom of the plug cap 212 will increase synchronously. When the hydraulic fluid pressure on the bottom of the plug cap 212 is sufficient to overcome the limiting air pressure on the top, the plug cap 212 will rise under the push of the hydraulic fluid, disconnecting the connection between the side pipe 213 and the port 219. At this time, as the air pressure on the top of the support plate 205 increases, the hydraulic fluid will no longer enter the air cushion 201, preventing the air cushion 201 from giving the photovoltaic panel 11 pressure exceeding the maximum limiting air pressure, and further enhancing the locking force of the bladder 203 on the external ground pile.

[0079] Furthermore, when the external wind force decreases, the piston 208 and the cap 212 will reset under the action of the top air pressure, the pressure on the hydraulic fluid will decrease, and the locking pressure on the frame 1, photovoltaic panel 11 and base 202 will decrease. That is, the photovoltaic array mechanism 200 dynamically converts and superimposes gravity, internal airflow pressure and external wind force to achieve triple elastic locking of the frame 1, photovoltaic panel 11 and base 202.

[0080] Meanwhile, external wind force is used as a disturbance factor and transformed into locking force. During daily operation, the locking pressure on frame 1, photovoltaic panel 11 and base 202 is reduced. When the external wind force increases, the locking pressure on frame 1, photovoltaic panel 11 and base 202 is strengthened. While adapting to external wind disturbance and enhancing stability, the photovoltaic panel 11 is prevented from working under high pressure for a long time.

[0081] It should be added here that during the aforementioned installation and adjustment process, the rotatable screw 222 can be rotated to drive the slide plate 223 to slide, causing the hydraulic fluid inside the slide box 221 to enter the cross seat 209 through the first hole 224 or the tail hole 225 under the pressure of the slide plate 223. This causes the shaft plug 214 to be hydraulically driven to drive the frame 1 to deflect through the rotating rod 215 and the bracket 216, thereby limiting and adjusting the angle of each photovoltaic panel 11. At the same time, the sliding rod 204 can be rotated to adjust the amount of retraction of the sliding rod 204 relative to the support cylinder 206, thereby adjusting and compensating for the height of the photovoltaic panel 11 and dynamically optimizing the photovoltaic array composed of the photovoltaic panels 11.

[0082] After completing the adjustment of the photovoltaic array mechanism 200, pull out the clip 304 so that the clip 304 can rotate relative to the retaining ring 305, release the limit on the connecting shaft 303, so that the top frame 301 can deflect relative to the frame 1, adjust the angle of the supplementary light plate 302 so that the reflected light of the supplementary light plate 302 can illuminate the beam splitter 306 on the front frame 1. At the same time, press the reflector 308 and adjust its angle so that the concave curved mirror of the reflector 308 on the rear frame 1 is aligned with the convex curved mirror of the reflector 308 on the front frame 1.

[0083] During daily operation, sunlight shines on the supplementary light panel 302. Under the reflection of the supplementary light panel 302, the light will shine on the front row of the beam splitter 306. The beam splitter 306 reflects and disperses the light, providing preliminary natural light supplementation to the bottom side of the photovoltaic panel 11, illuminating the crops at the bottom, and increasing the amount of light received by the rear row of photovoltaic panels 11.

[0084] Simultaneously, the convex curved mirror of the rear reflector 308 receives a portion of the reflected light from the beam splitter 306, focusing and reflecting it onto the concave curved mirror of the front reflector 308. The concave curved mirror of the front reflector 308 further reflects and disperses the light, enhancing the amount of light received by the crops. Meanwhile, the PAR value can be monitored in real time by the sensor 310. In the planting area, PPFD is less than 200 μmol·m⁻¹. -2·s-1时，自动激活灯条309进行补光；

[0085] After completing the aforementioned adjustments, planting troughs can be set at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel 11, and the external planting troughs can be aligned with the light strips 309 for grid planting. Based on actual needs, shade-tolerant economic crops such as peony, ginger, Panax notoginseng, and Dendrobium officinale can be selected and cultivated, and a three-dimensional layout of "photovoltaic layer-vine layer-rhizome layer" can be adopted for composite production and planting.

[0086] It should be added that during the subsequent operation, the air guide shroud 315 will collect the external airflow and guide the airflow to the air casing 314, causing the turbine 313 to drive the screw 311 to rotate under the action of the airflow through the bearing 312 and the clamping plate 318. During this process, at the same time, only the bearing 312 and the clamping plate 318 on one side will mesh with each other, that is, only the turbine 313 on one side can drive the screw 311 to rotate at the same time.

[0087] When the threaded plate 319 moves to the end of one side, it will press against the clamping plate 318 on that side, causing the clamping plate 318 on that side to engage with the bearing seat 312, while the bearing seat 312 on the other side will disengage from the bearing seat 312. The turbine 313 on that side will drive the screw 311 to rotate in the opposite direction. That is, the two turbines 313 will alternately drive the screw 311, causing the screw 311 to reciprocate. This causes the roller brush 322 to move back and forth with the threaded plate 319 under the drive of the mounting head 320, cleaning the filler plate 302. The scraper 321 will scrape off the impurities on the roller brush 322.

[0088] This ensures that the planting area at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel 11 receives sufficient natural supplemental light, allowing crops to be planted in the space below the photovoltaic power station. The presence of natural supplemental light and supplemental light from the light strip 309 also ensures sufficient illumination while reducing the spacing between the photovoltaic panels 11 and improving land utilization.

[0089] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic-based agricultural-photovoltaic complementary composite production system, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that: A photovoltaic panel (11) is embedded in the middle of the top of the frame (1), and a photovoltaic array mechanism (200) is installed at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel (11). The photovoltaic array mechanism (200) includes an air cushion (201); An air cushion (201) is fitted around the outside of the photovoltaic panel (11). A base (202) is symmetrically installed at the bottom of the frame (1). A bladder (203) is embedded in the bottom end of the base (202). A slide rod (204) is slidably installed in the middle of the top end of the base (202). A support plate (205) is installed at the bottom end of the slide rod (204). A support cylinder (206) is threaded onto the top end of the slide rod (204). A pull rod (207) is slidably installed into the top end of the support cylinder (206). A piston (208) is installed at the bottom end of the pull rod (207). A cross seat (209) is installed at the top of the pull rod (207). A guide tube (210) is connected to the top of one side of the outer curved surface of the support cylinder (206). A side box (211) is installed on one side of the outer curved surface of the base (202). A plug cap (212) is slidably installed inside the side box (211). A side tube (213) is connected to the middle of the outer curved surface of the side box (211). A shaft plug (214) is rotatably installed inside the cross seat (209). A rotating rod (215) is installed at both ends of the shaft plug (214). A bracket (216) is installed at the end of the rotating rod (215). A liquid cavity (217) is provided inside the base (202) at the position corresponding to the support plate (205). A side hole (218) is provided on the outer curved surface of the liquid cavity (217) at the bottom position corresponding to the side box (211). A through opening (219) is provided on the top of the outer curved surface of the plug cap (212). An air cavity (220) is provided inside the support cylinder (206) at the position corresponding to the piston (208). The bottom of the liquid chamber (217) is connected to the inner cavity of the bladder (203). The liquid chamber (217) is connected to the space inside the side box (211) located at the bottom of the plug cap (212) through the side hole (218). The space inside the liquid chamber (217) located at the top of the support plate (205) is connected to the space inside the air chamber (220) located at the top of the piston (208) through the conduit (210). Each connecting valve (21) is connected in series through an external pipe. The end of the side tube (213) is connected to the inner cavity of the air cushion (201). The slide rod (204) is a semi-threaded screw.

2. The photovoltaic-based agricultural-solar complementary composite production system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sliding box (221) is installed at the top of the cross seat (209). A lead screw (222) is rotatably installed on the side end face of the sliding box (221). A sliding plate (223) is installed on the outer curved surface of the lead screw (222) by thread. A first hole (224) is opened at one corner of the bottom end of the sliding box (221) on one side of the shaft plug (214). A tail hole (225) is opened at the other corner of the bottom end of the sliding box (221) on the other side of the shaft plug (214).

3. The photovoltaic-based agricultural-photovoltaic complementary composite production system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The frame (1) is connected to the rotating rod (215) via the bracket (216), and the rotating rod (215) is rotatably connected to the cross seat (209). The axle plug (214) divides the inner cavity of the cross seat (209) into two relatively independent chambers. The chambers on both sides of the axle plug (214) of the inner cavity of the cross seat (209) are connected to the space on both sides of the slide box (223) inside the slide box (221) via the first hole (224) and the tail hole (225), respectively. The cross seat (209) and the slide box (221) are both filled with hydraulic fluid.

4. According to claim 2, a photovoltaic energy-based agricultural-photovoltaic complementary composite production system is provided, wherein a liquid valve (20) is embedded at the bottom of the outer curved surface of the liquid chamber (217), an air valve (22) is installed at the end of the conduit (210) and at the top of one side end face of the side box (211), a pressure gauge (23) is embedded at the top of the other side end face of the side box (211), and a connecting valve (21) is installed on both sides of the top of the outer curved surface of the air chamber (220).

5. A photovoltaic-based agricultural-solar complementary composite production system according to claim 2, characterized in that, An agricultural-photovoltaic complementary mechanism (300) is installed on the outside of the photovoltaic panel (11). The agro-photovoltaic complementary mechanism (300) includes a top frame (301); The top edge of the frame (1) is rotatably mounted with a top frame (301), and fill light plates (302) are embedded in both end faces of the top frame (301). A connecting shaft (303) is mounted at the bottom of the top frame (301), and a clip (304) is slidably mounted at the end of the connecting shaft (303). A retaining ring (305) is embedded in the side face of the top frame (301) at the position corresponding to the clip (304). Several beam splitters (306) are evenly and equidistantly mounted at the bottom of the frame (1). A frame base (307) is mounted on the edge of the bottom of the frame (1). A reflector (308) is rotatably mounted in both end faces of the frame base (307). A light strip (309) is mounted at the bottom of the frame (1) at the gap position of the beam splitter (306). A sensor (310) is mounted at the bottom of the cross seat (209). A screw (311) is rotatably mounted in the middle of the side end face of the top frame (301). Both ends of the screw (311) are slidably mounted with bearing seats (312). A turbine (313) is mounted at the end of the bearing seat (312). A wind casing (314) is mounted on the side end face of the top frame (301) at the position corresponding to the turbine (313). A wind guide cover (315) is mounted on the top of the wind casing (314). An air pipe (316) is connected to the middle of the side end face of the wind casing (314). A wind guide seat (317) is rotatably mounted at the corner of the side end face of the top frame (301). Both sides of the outer curved surface of the screw (311) are equipped with clamping plates (318). A threaded plate (319) is installed on the outer curved surface of the screw (311) between the two clamping plates (318) by thread. An installation head (320) is installed on the top of both end faces of the threaded plate (319). A scraper (321) is installed on the bottom edge of the installation head (320). A roller brush (322) is rotatably installed on the bottom center of the installation head (320).

6. The photovoltaic-based agricultural-photovoltaic complementary composite production system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The output of the photovoltaic panel (11) is connected to the external power grid and external battery via an external converter. The input of the light strip (309) is electrically connected to the output of the external battery. The sensor (310) is a quantum sensor. The light strip (309) is composed of an integrated multispectral LED supplementary lighting array, and the red light wavelength of the light strip (309) is 660nm, the blue light wavelength is 450nm, and the quantum flux density is 50-100μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 .

7. A photovoltaic-based agricultural-solar complementary composite production system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fill light plate (302) is a plane mirror, the beam splitter (306) is a convex curved mirror, the two reflectors (308) are a concave curved mirror and a convex curved mirror respectively, and the reflector (308) located on one side of the horizontal seat (209) is a convex curved mirror.

8. According to claim 5, in a photovoltaic energy-based agricultural-photovoltaic complementary composite production system, the two turbines (313) deflect in opposite directions, the sum of the sliding distance of the screw (311) and the distance between the two clamping plates (318) is equal to the distance between the two bearing seats (312), the bearing seats (312) are rotatably connected to the top frame (301), the clamping plates (318) are fitted with the bearing seats (312), the clamping head (304) is fitted with the clamping ring (305), and the sliding distance of the clamping head (304) is greater than the thickness of the clamping ring (305), and the inner cavity of the air guide seat (317) is connected to the inner cavity of the air casing (314) through the air pipe (316).

9. A photovoltaic-based agro-photovoltaic complementary integrated production and planting method, used in the production and planting method of the photovoltaic-based agro-photovoltaic complementary integrated production system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Using a corresponding number of photovoltaic array mechanisms (200), install each photovoltaic panel (11) onto the external ground piles in sequence to complete the initial arrangement and installation work; S2. Observe the air pressure at the top of the plug (212) through the pressure gauge (23), and adjust the limiting air pressure through the air valve (22) on the side box (211) to limit the threshold of the connection stress between the frame (1) and the photovoltaic panel (11); S3. Hydraulic fluid is injected into the liquid chamber (217) through the liquid valve (20), and each support cylinder (206) is connected in series by the connecting valve (21). Air is injected into the air valve (22) on any one of the conduits (210). With the help of gravity and air pressure, the photovoltaic panel (11) is elastically limited. S4. The photovoltaic array mechanism (200) dynamically converts gravity, internal airflow pressure and external wind force, locks the photovoltaic panel (11) and base (202), and adjusts the angle and height of each photovoltaic panel (11) to dynamically optimize the photovoltaic array. S5. Adjust the angles of the supplemental lighting plate (302) and the reflector (308) to provide natural light supplementation to the bottom side of the photovoltaic panel (11). Monitor the PAR value in real time using the sensor (310). In the planting area, the PPFD is less than 200 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 When needed, the light strip (309) is automatically activated to provide supplemental lighting; S6. Planting troughs are set at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel (11) for grid planting. Peony, ginger, Panax notoginseng and Dendrobium officinale are selected and cultivated. A three-dimensional layout of "photovoltaic layer-vine layer-rhizome layer" is adopted for composite production planting.

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