Method and apparatus for screening sensitive light sources for fish

Abstract

The application discloses a method and device for screening sensitive light sources for adult fish, and relates to the field of ichthyology. The method comprises a water tank, the water tank is symmetrically arranged, a water flow tank is arranged at the bottom of the water tank, a support is arranged at the bottom of the water flow tank, and a light source module is arranged at both ends of the water tank. The application provides a method and device for screening sensitive light environments for adult fish. The steps for screening the sensitive light environments for adult fish comprise: covering LED lamps with different color filter papers to form different color light environments, and taking a dark lightless environment as a control group; and observing the seeking-avoiding behaviors of fish in different light environments. In addition, the application also provides an experimental device corresponding to the above method. The application can deduce the innate sensitivity and seeking-avoiding behaviors of adult fish to a certain light environment through one experiment, so that the sensitive light environment for adult fish is screened, and the rapid development of light-attracting and fish-driving technology experiments and practical engineering applications are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fish behavior, specifically to a method and apparatus for screening adult fish for sensitive light sources. Background Technology

[0002] Fish behavior is complexly regulated by a variety of biotic and abiotic factors, among which environmental factors, especially light conditions, play a crucial role. Based on differences in their behavioral responses to light stimuli, fish can be broadly classified into positive phototaxis and negative phototaxis. As an important environmental signal, light conditions influence key behavioral patterns in fish, such as feeding, reproduction, and migration, through direct photobiological effects and indirect food chain effects. Specifically, changes in parameters such as light intensity, spectral composition, and photoperiod significantly regulate physiological and ecological processes in fish, including phototaxis, schooling characteristics, and diurnal rhythms.

[0003] Fish are easily injured or killed by friction and collisions with the turbine blades when passing through water turbines. Furthermore, many fish are easily attracted to the spillway during dam discharge. These factors not only affect the normal operation of the equipment but also cause fish deaths and even the extinction of some rare fish species. Therefore, during dam construction, the negative phototaxis of fish can be utilized to prevent them from entering the turbine inlet and spillway inlet. To effectively protect aquatic biological resources and maintain river ecological connectivity, fish passage facilities are usually required in water conservancy projects to ensure fish migration routes. Research shows that optimizing lighting conditions (such as the arrangement of light sources with specific wavelengths and intensities) at the inlet area of ​​fish passage facilities, based on the phototactic behavior of fish, can significantly improve fish attraction efficiency, thereby increasing the overall throughput of the fish passage facilities. Therefore, conducting fish photosensitivity experiments and systematically studying the impact of different lighting parameters (such as light color and intensity) on the behavior of target fish has important scientific guiding significance for the optimized design of the lighting environment of fish passage facilities. Current experimental methods and apparatus have the following limitations:

[0004] 1. The experiment is not representative. Existing research is mostly limited to the observation of phototactic behavior in juvenile or immature individuals. However, fish passage facilities designed based on incomplete behavioral data may not be effective in guiding adult fish, causing them to be injured or unable to recognize the entrance of the fish passage facility. This failure of protection is particularly fatal to rare fish species that need to complete their reproductive migration (such as the Chinese sturgeon and the Yangtze sturgeon). The inability of their adults to reach the spawning grounds will directly lead to reproductive failure, which may ultimately cause irreversible population decline or even regional extinction.

[0005] 2. Inappropriate selection and placement of light source. In the past, the light sources selected for indoor experiments were mostly ordinary tubes or halide lamps, which had extremely uneven light intensity distribution and the light intensity range could not be adjusted. The experimental conditions that could be set were limited, and it was impossible to obtain the precise wavelength and light intensity range required for the experiment. In addition, the light source was placed only at one end of the water tank, which could not effectively determine whether it was sensitive to the light environment.

[0006] 3. It is impossible to precisely control the water flow velocity. Previous studies have mostly used circulating pumps to create the flow field. However, directly controlling the water flow through the pump will result in an uneven flow field distribution and is prone to generating vortices and cascades at the inlet of the experimental device, which will seriously affect the experimental results.

[0007] Therefore, a method and device for screening the light source that adult fish are sensitive to were proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of this, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for screening adult fish for sensitive light environments. The sensitivity and avoidance behavior of adult fish to a certain light environment can be inferred through a single experiment, thereby screening out the sensitive light environments for adult fish. This is beneficial for indoor research and practical engineering applications of light-attracting and fish-repelling techniques. To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method and apparatus for screening sensitive light sources for adult fish, comprising: S1. Adjust the filter paper at both ends of the water tank. Switch the filter paper by rotating the middle of one end of the adjustment shaft to create a light environment for the specific spectral color to be tested. S2, turn on the light source module, and at the same time use an illuminance meter to measure the light environment of the water tank to obtain its distribution range; and use a dark environment as a control group; S3. Based on the fish's body size, fine-tune the adjustment mechanism to make the size of the tank more suitable for the fish's movement. Place the fish in the tank, adjust the water flow control component to make it a still water environment, and after the fish adapts, turn on the video monitoring system to observe and record the fish's free swimming behavior in the tank. S4. Set up a control experimental group to conduct a control experiment on fish in a dark environment to eliminate systematic errors in the experiment; S5. Conduct a test light environment experiment on fish: During the same time period as the free swimming behavior experiment, conduct a test light environment experiment on fish. By switching different filter papers for filtering, set different light environment stimuli to determine the swimming behavior and swimming speed of fish, analyze and determine the nature of phototaxis of fish, and thus screen out positive phototaxis and negative phototaxis respectively.

[0009] Preferably, in step S4, when the environment is dark, the light source modules at both ends of the tank are set as a first light source and a second light source, respectively. When the first light source is turned on at the end of the tank closest to the experimental fish, and the experimental fish swims past the middle of the tank away from the light source, the intensity of the first light source is reduced to 0 lx, and the second light source at the other end of the tank is turned on. When the experimental fish swims past the middle of the tank again and towards the first light source device, the second light source device is turned off and the first light source device is turned on. This cycle is repeated for 20 minutes or until the experimental fish no longer reacts.

[0010] Preferably, in step S5, when the fish being screened are phototactic, the first light source device at the end of the tank furthest from the experimental fish is turned on. When the experimental fish swims towards the light source and passes through the middle of the tank, the light intensity of the first light source device is reduced to 0 lx, and at the same time, the second light source device at the other end of the tank is turned on. When the experimental fish exhibits a positive phototactic response to this light environment, the fish will turn around and swim towards the second light source device. When the experimental fish swims through the middle of the tank and towards the first light source device again, the second light source device is turned off, and the first light source device is turned on again. This cycle is repeated for 20 minutes or until the experimental fish no longer react.

[0011] A device for screening sensitive light sources for adult fish includes a water tank, the water tanks are symmetrically arranged, a water flow channel is installed at the bottom of the water tank, a support column is installed at the bottom of the water flow channel, and light source modules are arranged at both ends of the water tank. It also includes a quick-switching monitoring mechanism, a filter switching mechanism, and an adjustment mechanism. The quick-switching monitoring mechanism is located in the middle of the symmetrical arrangement of the water tank, and the quick-switching monitoring mechanism is used to adjust the switching of the light source module; The filter switching mechanism is disposed on the outer surface of the water tank and includes filter paper. The filter paper is disposed on the outer surface of both ends of the water tank, and the filter switching mechanism is used for adjusting the filter paper. The adjustment mechanism is installed in the water tank and is used to adjust the internal volume of the water tank and control the water flow.

[0012] Preferably, the quick-switching monitoring mechanism includes a drive shaft with both ends symmetrically rotatably mounted on a water tank. A first drive belt is connected to the outer surface of the middle part of the drive shaft. A fixing plate is symmetrically fixedly mounted on the first drive belt. A folding plate is fixedly mounted on the fixing plate. The end of the folding plate away from the fixing plate is fixedly mounted on a light source module. A positioning device is mounted on the end of the light source module away from the folding plate. A detection device is mounted on the outer surface of the water tank near the positioning device. The positioning device and the detection device are electrically connected.

[0013] Preferably, the filter switching mechanism includes an adjustment shaft symmetrically arranged at both ends of the water tank. The outer surfaces of both ends of the adjustment shaft are rotatably mounted on the water tank. The two ends of the filter paper are wound around the middle of the adjustment shaft. A pulley is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of one end of the adjustment shaft. A second transmission belt is driven on the pulley. A damping wheel is mounted on the side of the water tank near the pulley. The side of the second transmission belt away from the adjustment shaft is driven and connected to the outer surface of the damping wheel. The middle of both ends of the water tank is set as light-transmitting glass, and the inner side of the filter paper slides on the side of the light-transmitting glass away from the middle of the water tank.

[0014] Preferably, the adjusting mechanism includes an adjusting ring, a retaining shaft fixedly installed in the middle of the adjusting ring, retaining grooves evenly spaced on the retaining shaft, and an L-shaped pawl engaging in the grooves. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the corner of the L-shaped pawl, and a torsion spring is installed on the rotating shaft. One end of the torsion spring is fixedly installed on the water tank, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixedly installed on the L-shaped pawl. A gear is fixedly connected to the end of the retaining shaft away from the adjusting ring. A sliding rack is symmetrically meshed on both sides of the gear teeth. The upper surface of the sliding rack is slidably installed on the water tank. A baffle is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding rack away from the gear. The bottom of the baffle slides in the water tank. Guide blocks are slidably connected to the inner walls on both sides of the water tank. A return spring is sleeved on the outer surface of the guide block. One end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the guide block, and the other end of the return spring is fixedly installed on the water tank. The end of the guide block near the middle of the water tank is fixedly connected to the baffle. A waterproof sealing strip is provided at the contact point between the baffle and the inner wall of the water tank.

[0015] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism further includes a pressurizing device installed in the middle of the water tank. A nozzle is mounted on the pressurizing device and fixedly installed on the water tank. The bottom right side of the water tank is set as an inclined slope with a gradient of 0-2 degrees. An adjusting plate is evenly rotatably installed on the bottom slope of the water tank. An adjusting tooth is fixedly installed on the outer surface of one end of the adjusting plate. The tooth surface of the adjusting tooth engages with a pull rack. The pull rack is slidably installed on the bottom slope of the water tank. A threaded adjusting rod is rotatably installed on the end of the pull rack away from the pressurizing device. The threaded adjusting rod is threadedly installed on the inner wall of the water tank at the end away from the pull rack. A waterproof sealing gasket is installed on the outer side of the threaded connection between the pull rack and the threaded adjusting rod for sealing and waterproofing the inside of the water tank.

[0016] Preferably, the sink is made of an opaque material with a black matte coating on the inner surface.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the method and apparatus for screening sensitive light sources for adult fish provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention can analyze and determine the innate sensitivity and avoidance of adult fish to a certain light environment through a single experiment, thereby screening out the sensitive light environments of adult fish. This is beneficial for experimental research on light-induced and fish-repelling technologies as well as for the rapid implementation of experiments in practical engineering.

[0018] 2. This invention does not require long-term domestication with feed or bait. The verified sensitivity of adult fish to different light environments can truly reflect the natural reactions of fish, and the experimental results are clear. 3. By setting up a filter switching mechanism, compared to the existing technology where filter stickers need to be adhered to the surface of the light source lens with adhesive, which easily leaves adhesive residue and repeated pasting can cause dust and impurities to adhere to the lens surface, seriously affecting light transmittance and light quality uniformity, this solution uses a non-contact design. The filter film is installed between the light source and the experimental water tank through an independent bracket or winding mechanism, without contacting the light source lens at all, thus eliminating the risk of adhesive residue, scratches or contamination at the source; it maintains the original light transmittance and light field distribution of the light source lens in the long term, ensuring the stability and repeatability of experimental lighting conditions.

[0019] 4. This scheme, through its adjustable mechanism, utilizes light stimulation as the core of photosensitive detection. The attenuation of light in water is closely related to water depth. For studies requiring specific light intensities to reach the eyes or bodies of fish, precise control of water depth is crucial. The adjustable volume allows researchers to set the optimal water depth for their experiments, ensuring consistency of illumination parameters between experimental groups or across different experiments.

[0020] (1) Reduce light path interference: In shallower water, the absorption and scattering of light by the water can be reduced, making the light stimulation closer to the set value, especially in experiments that require precise control of light intensity.

[0021] (2) Adapting to different lighting modes: Some experiments may require a vertical light gradient, and adjustable water depth makes it easier to create and maintain such a gradient.

[0022] (3) Control of water flow uniformity: The flow speed of water can be controlled by adjusting the angle of the plate, thereby creating different water flow environments in the water tank to better simulate the water flow in the real environment, which is beneficial to the accuracy of the experiment and at the same time meets the adjustable control of different water flows. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an auxiliary schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structural connection relationship of the filter switching mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 5 This is an auxiliary schematic diagram illustrating the connection relationship of the adjustment mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view at point B in the middle; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structural connection relationship of the flow control component of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged view at point C; Figure 9 This is an auxiliary schematic diagram showing the structural connection relationship of the flow control component of the present invention.

[0024] In the picture: 1. Water tank; 11. Support column; 12. Light source module; 13. Water flow channel; 2. Quick-change monitoring mechanism; 21. Drive shaft; 22. First drive belt; 23. Fixing plate; 24. Folding plate; 25. Positioning device; 26. Detection device; 3. Filter switching mechanism; 31. Filter paper; 32. Adjusting shaft; 33. Pulley; 34. Second transmission belt; 35. Damping wheel; 4. Adjusting mechanism; 41. Adjusting ring; 42. Snap pin; 43. L-shaped pawl; 44. Gear; 45. Sliding rack; 46. Baffle; 47. Guide block; 48. Return spring; 5. Flow control components; 51. Pressure boosting device; 52. Nozzle; 53. Adjusting plate; 54. Adjusting gear; 55. Rack and pinion; 56. Threaded adjusting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] Example 1, please refer to Figures 1 to 9 As shown: To address the problems mentioned in the technical solutions, this application provides a device for screening sensitive light sources for adult fish, including a water tank 1, the water tanks 1 being symmetrically arranged, a water flow channel 13 being installed at the bottom of the water tank 1, a support column 11 being installed at the bottom of the water flow channel 13, and light source modules 12 being arranged at both ends of the water tank 1. It also includes a quick-switching monitoring mechanism 2, a filter switching mechanism 3, and an adjustment mechanism 4. The quick-switching monitoring mechanism 2 is set in the middle of the water tank 1 in a symmetrical arrangement. The quick-switching monitoring mechanism 2 is used to adjust the switching of the light source module 12. The filter switching mechanism 3 is disposed on the outer surface of the water tank 1, and includes filter paper 31. The filter paper 31 is disposed on the outer surfaces of both ends of the water tank 1. The filter switching mechanism 3 is used to adjust the filter paper 31. The regulating mechanism 4 is installed in the water tank 1. The regulating mechanism 4 is used to regulate the internal volume of the water tank 1 and control the water flow. The water tank 1 is made of opaque material with a black matte coating on the inner surface. The dimensions of the water tank 1 range from 7-10m in length, 2-5m in width, and 1-2m in height. The preferred dimensions in this scheme are 8m in length, 3m in width, and 1.6m in height. The specific dimensions can be made according to the specific implementation.

[0028] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the two ends of the drive shaft 21 are symmetrically rotated and mounted on the water tank 1. The outer surface of the middle part of the drive shaft 21 is connected to the first drive belt 22. The first drive belt 22 is symmetrically fixedly mounted with a fixing plate 23. The fixing plate 23 is fixedly mounted with a folding plate 24. The end of the folding plate 24 away from the fixing plate 23 is fixedly mounted on the light source module 12. The end of the light source module 12 away from the folding plate 24 is mounted with a positioning device 25. The outer surface of the water tank 1 is mounted with a detection device 26 on the side close to the positioning device 25. The positioning device 25 and the detection device 26 are electrically connected. The first transmission belt 22 is equipped with a damping device in its middle. Rotating the first transmission belt 22 allows for position switching of the light source module 12. Simultaneously, pushing the light source module 12 towards the middle of the transmission shaft 21 causes the folding plate 24 to fold, facilitating rapid position switching of the light source module 12. This design specifically considers the reliability of the equipment under special operating conditions. For example, if one side of the light source module 12 fails unexpectedly, the operator can continue working using the other side of the device or its backup state by rotating and adjusting the first transmission belt 22. This bidirectional operation / redundancy design effectively prevents unexpected interruptions to the experiment and ensures the continuity of the experimental process.

[0029] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the filter switching mechanism 3 includes an adjustment shaft 32, which is symmetrically arranged at both ends of the water tank 1. The outer surfaces of both ends of the adjustment shaft 32 are rotatably mounted on the water tank 1. The two ends of the filter paper 31 are wound around the middle of the adjustment shaft 32. A pulley 33 is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of one end of the adjustment shaft 32. A second transmission belt 34 is driven and mounted on the pulley 33. A damping wheel 35 is installed on the side of the water tank 1 near the pulley 33. The side of the second transmission belt 34 away from the adjustment shaft 32 is driven and connected to the outer surface of the damping wheel 35. The middle of both ends of the water tank 1 is set as a light-transmitting glass, and the inner side of the filter paper 31 slides on the side of the light-transmitting glass away from the middle of the water tank 1.

[0030] In this design, light-transmitting glass is installed at both ends of the light source module 12. By rotating the handle near the outside of the pulley 33 at one end of the filter paper 31, the adjustment shaft 32 can be rotated. Rotating the adjustment shaft 32 can rewind the filter paper 31. Since the filter paper 31 uses multiple segments of different light-transmitting film wound on the adjustment shaft 32, rotating the adjustment shaft 32 can switch between different film filters. Compared with the existing technology of manually pasting filter stickers onto the lens, which is not only cumbersome but also cannot reuse the filter stickers, resulting in material waste, this design allows switching between different filter requirements by rotating the transmission shaft 21. After use, rotating the adjustment shaft 32 can rewind the filter paper 31, which not only prevents dust from adhering to the surface of the filter paper 31 but also allows for reuse and is convenient to operate, which is beneficial to the operation of experimental personnel.

[0031] Specifically, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a retaining shaft 42 is fixedly installed in the middle of the adjusting ring 41. The retaining shaft 42 has evenly spaced grooves, and an L-shaped pawl 43 engages in each groove. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the corner of the L-shaped pawl 43, and a torsion spring is installed on the rotating shaft. One end of the torsion spring is fixedly installed on the water tank 1, and the other end is fixedly installed on the L-shaped pawl 43. A gear 44 is fixedly connected to the end of the retaining shaft 42 away from the adjusting ring 41. A sliding rack 45 is symmetrically meshed on both sides of the gear 44. The upper surface of the sliding rack 45 is slidably mounted on... On the water tank 1, a baffle 46 is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding rack 45 away from the gear 44. The bottom of the baffle 46 slides in the water tank 1. Guide blocks 47 are slidably connected to the inner walls on both sides of the water tank 1. A reset spring 48 is sleeved on the outer surface of the guide block 47. One end of the reset spring 48 is fixedly connected to the guide block 47, and the other end of the reset spring 48 is fixedly installed on the water tank 1. The end of the guide block 47 near the middle of the water tank 1 is fixedly connected to the baffle 46. A waterproof sealing strip is provided at the contact point between the baffle 46 and the inner wall of the water tank 1. In this design, slanted grooves are provided at both ends of the bottom of the water tank 1, such as... Figure 9 As shown. By rotating the threaded adjusting rod 56, the rack 55 is driven, which in turn drives the rotating adjusting gear 54 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating adjusting gear 54 causes the adjusting plate 53 to adjust its angle. By changing the angle of the adjusting plate 53, the flow rate of the water can be controlled. This design can create different water flow environments inside the main body, more realistically simulating the natural water flow state, thereby improving the accuracy of the experiment and meeting the control requirements for flexible adjustment of different flow rates.

[0032] Specifically, such as Figure 2As shown, the pressurizing device 51 is installed in the middle of the water tank 13. A nozzle 52 is installed on the pressurizing device 51. The nozzle 52 is fixedly installed on the water tank 13. The bottom right side of the water tank 13 is set as an inclined slope with a slope of 0-2 degrees. An adjusting plate 53 is evenly rotated and installed on the bottom slope of the water tank 13. An adjusting tooth 54 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of one end of the adjusting plate 53. A toothed rack 55 is engaged with the tooth surface of the adjusting tooth 54. The toothed rack 55 is slidably installed on the bottom slope of the water tank 13. A threaded adjusting rod 56 is rotatably installed on the end of the toothed rack 55 away from the pressurizing device 51. The threaded adjusting rod 56 is threadedly installed on the inner wall of the water tank 1 at the end away from the toothed rack 55. A waterproof sealing gasket is installed on the outside of the threaded connection between the toothed rack 55 and the threaded adjusting rod 56 for sealing and waterproofing inside the water tank 1. In this design, inclined slots are provided at both ends of the bottom of the water tank 1. By rotating the adjusting screw 56, the rack 55 can be driven to rotate the adjusting gear 54. After the adjusting gear 54 rotates, the adjusting plate 53 can be adjusted in angle. The angle adjustment of the adjusting plate 53 can control the flow speed of the water, thereby creating different water flow environments in the water tank 1 to better simulate the water flow conditions in the real environment. This is beneficial to the accuracy of the experiment and also satisfies the adjustable controllability of different water flows.

[0033] Example 2, a method for screening adult fish for sensitive light environments, includes the following steps: Step 1: Adjust the filter paper at both ends of the water tank. Switch the filter paper by rotating the middle of one end of the adjustment shaft to create a light environment for the specific spectral color to be tested. Step 2: Turn on the light source module and use an illuminance meter to measure the light environment of the water tank to obtain its distribution range; use a dark environment as a control group. Step 3: Fine-tune the adjustment mechanism according to the size of the fish to make the size of the tank more suitable for the movement of the experimental fish. Put the experimental fish into the tank and adjust the water flow control component to make it a still water environment. After the fish adapts, turn on the video monitoring system to observe and record the behavior of the experimental fish swimming freely in the tank. Step 4: Set up a control group to conduct a control experiment on the fish in a dark environment to eliminate systematic errors in the experiment; Step 5: Conduct a light environment test on the fish. During the same time period as the free swimming behavior test, conduct a light environment test on the fish. By switching different filter papers for filtering, set different light environment stimuli to determine the swimming behavior and swimming speed of the fish, analyze and determine the nature of the fish's phototaxis, and thus screen out positive phototaxis and negative phototaxis respectively.

[0034] When screening for positive phototaxis, the light source modules 12 located on both sides of the tank 1 in this scheme are the first light source device and the second light source device, respectively, which is beneficial for distinguishing the experimental effects. The second light source device is turned on at the end of the tank 1 furthest from the experimental fish. When the experimental fish swims towards the light source and passes through the middle of the tank 1, the light intensity of the second light source device is reduced to 0 lx, and the first light source device at the other end of the tank 1 is turned on simultaneously. When the experimental fish exhibits a positive phototaxis response to this test light environment, the fish will turn around and swim towards the first light source device. When the experimental fish swims through the middle of the tank 1 again towards the second light source device, the first light source device is turned off, and the second light source device is turned on again. This cycle is repeated for 20 minutes or until the experimental fish no longer react. The swimming behavior of the fish is recorded using a video monitoring system, and the average speed at which the fish swims towards the light source, the average speed at which it turns around, and the number of times it turns around are calculated. If the fish... If the average speed of fish swimming towards the light source, the average speed at which they turn around, and the number of times they turn around are higher than the average speed and number of times they turn around when swimming freely, then the fish selected is positive phototaxis. The specific method for calculating the average speed of fish swimming and the average speed at which they turn around when selecting positive phototaxis is as follows: When fish swim freely, the time from the start of swimming to reaching the middle of tank 1 is t1, and the distance is d1, then its average speed is d1 / t1. The time taken from the first 1m before the fish turns around to the last 1m after the turn is t2, then the average speed at which it turns around is 2 / t2. When the light source device is activated, let the time from the start of the fish's reaction to reaching the middle of tank 1 be T1, and the distance swam be D1, then its average speed towards the light source is D1 / T1. The time taken from the first 1m before the fish turns around to the last 1m after the turn is T2, then the average speed at which it turns around is 2 / T2. When screening for negative phototaxis, the first light source device near the experimental fish in tank 1 is turned on. When the experimental fish swims past the middle of tank 1, the light intensity of the first light source device is reduced to 0 lx, and the second first light source device at the other end of tank 1 is turned on. When the experimental fish exhibits a negative phototaxis response to this test light environment, the fish will turn around and swim towards the first light source device. When the experimental fish swims past the middle of tank 1 and towards the first light source device again, the second first light source device is turned off, and the first light source device is turned on again. This cycle is repeated for 20 minutes or until the experimental fish no longer react. The swimming behavior of the fish is recorded using a video monitoring system, and the average speed of the fish detached from the light source, the average speed at which they turn around, and the number of times they turn around are calculated. If the average speed of the fish detached from the light source, the average speed at which they turn around, and the number of times they turn around are higher than the average speed and the number of times they turn around when swimming freely, then the fish are screened for negative phototaxis. The specific method for calculating the average speed of the fish detached from the light source and the average speed at which they turn around when screening for negative phototaxis is as follows: When fish swim freely, the time from the start of swimming to reaching the middle of tank 1 is t1, and the distance is d1. Therefore, its average speed is d1 / t1. The time taken from the first 1m before the fish turns around to the last 1m after the turn is t2. Therefore, the average speed during the turn is 2 / t2. When the light source is turned on, let the time from the start of the reaction to reaching the middle of tank 1 be T3, and the distance swam be D3. Therefore, its average speed away from the light source is D3 / T3. The time taken from the first 1m before the fish turns around to the last 1m after the turn is T4. Therefore, the average speed during the turn is 2 / T4.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the device for screening adult fish for sensitive light environments includes a water tank 1. A first light source device is located at one end of the water tank 1, and a second first light source device is located at the other end. Outside the water tank 1, a video monitoring system for monitoring fish swimming behavior and a support for adjusting the monitoring height are also provided. By placing the light source devices at both ends of the water tank 1 and alternately turning them on, the experimental fish exhibit a noticeable "turning around" behavior as they swim towards or away from the light source. This allows for accurate and convenient observation and judgment of the phototaxis and sensitivity of the adult fish.

[0036] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0037] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for screening adult fish sensitive light sources, characterized in that, The system includes a water tank (1), which is symmetrically arranged. A water flow channel (13) is installed at the bottom of the water tank (1), and a support column (11) is installed at the bottom of the water flow channel (13). Light source modules (12) are provided at both ends of the water tank (1). The system is characterized by further including a quick switching monitoring mechanism (2), a filter switching mechanism (3), and an adjustment mechanism (4). The quick-switching monitoring mechanism (2) is set in the middle of the water tank (1) symmetrically arranged, and the quick-switching monitoring mechanism (2) is used to adjust the switching of the light source module (12); The filter switching mechanism (3) is disposed on the outer surface of the water tank (1) and includes filter paper (31). The filter paper (31) is disposed on the outer surfaces of both ends of the water tank (1). The filter switching mechanism (3) is used to adjust the filter paper (31). The filter switching mechanism (3) also includes an adjusting shaft (32). The adjusting shaft (32) is symmetrically disposed at both ends of the water tank (1). The outer surfaces of both ends of the adjusting shaft (32) are rotatably mounted on the water tank (1). The two ends of the filter paper (31) are wound around the adjusting shaft (32). In the middle of the water tank (1), a pulley (33) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of one end of the adjusting shaft (32). A second transmission belt (34) is installed on the pulley (33). A damping wheel (35) is installed on the side of the water tank (1) near the pulley (33). The side of the second transmission belt (34) away from the adjusting shaft (32) is connected to the outer surface of the damping wheel (35). The middle of both ends of the water tank (1) is set as a light-transmitting glass, and the inner side of the filter paper (31) slides on the side of the light-transmitting glass away from the middle of the water tank (1). The regulating mechanism (4) is installed in the water tank (1) and is used for regulating the internal volume of the water tank (1) and controlling the water flow. The regulating mechanism (4) includes a pressurizing device (51), which is installed in the middle of the water tank (13). A nozzle (52) is installed on the pressurizing device (51), and the nozzle (52) is fixedly installed on the water tank (13). The bottom right side of the water tank (13) is set as an inclined slope with a slope of 0-2 degrees. An adjusting plate (53) is evenly rotated and installed on the bottom slope of the water tank (13). An adjusting tooth (54) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of one end of the adjusting plate (53). The tooth surface of the adjusting tooth (54) is engaged with a toothed rack (55). The toothed rack (55) is slidably installed on the bottom slope of the water tank (13). A threaded adjusting rod (56) is rotatably installed on the end of the toothed rack (55) away from the pressurizing device (51). The threaded adjusting rod (56) is threadedly installed on the inner wall of the water tank (1) at the end away from the toothed rack (55). A waterproof sealing gasket is installed on the outside of the threaded connection between the toothed rack (55) and the threaded adjusting rod (56) for sealing and waterproofing inside the water tank (1).

2. The device for screening adult fish sensitive light sources according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quick switching monitoring mechanism (2) includes a drive shaft (21), which is symmetrically mounted on the water tank (1) at both ends. A first drive belt (22) is connected to the outer surface of the middle part of the drive shaft (21). A fixing plate (23) is symmetrically fixed on the first drive belt (22). A folding plate (24) is fixedly mounted on the fixing plate (23). The end of the folding plate (24) away from the fixing plate (23) is fixedly mounted on the light source module (12). A positioning device (25) is installed on the end of the light source module (12) away from the folding plate (24). A detection device (26) is installed on the outer surface of the water tank (1) near the positioning device (25). The positioning device (25) and the detection device (26) are electrically connected.

3. The device for screening adult fish sensitive light sources according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting mechanism (4) includes an adjusting ring (41), a retaining shaft (42) is fixedly installed in the middle of the adjusting ring (41), the retaining shaft (42) is evenly provided with retaining grooves, and an L-shaped pawl (43) is engaged in the retaining grooves. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected at the corner of the L-shaped pawl (43), and a torsion spring is installed on the rotating shaft. One end of the torsion spring is fixedly installed on the water tank (1), and the other end of the torsion spring is fixedly installed on the L-shaped pawl (43). A gear (44) is fixedly connected to the end of the retaining shaft (42) away from the adjusting ring (41). A sliding rack (45) is symmetrically meshed on both sides of the gear (44). The upper surface of the sliding rack (45) is slidably mounted on the gear. On the water tank (1), a baffle (46) is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding rack (45) away from the gear (44). The bottom of the baffle (46) slides in the water tank (1). Guide blocks (47) are slidably connected to the inner walls on both sides of the water tank (1). A reset spring (48) is sleeved on the outer surface of the guide block (47). One end of the reset spring (48) is fixedly connected to the guide block (47), and the other end of the reset spring (48) is fixedly installed on the water tank (1). The end of the guide block (47) near the middle of the water tank (1) is fixedly connected to the baffle (46). A waterproof sealing strip is provided at the contact point between the baffle (46) and the inner wall of the water tank (1).

4. A method for screening sensitive light sources for adult fish, applicable to the apparatus for screening sensitive light sources for adult fish as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, include: S1, adjust the filter paper (31) at both ends of the water tank (1), and switch the filter paper (31) by rotating the middle of one end of the adjustment shaft (32) to create a light environment for the specific spectral color to be tested; S2, turn on the light source module (12), and at the same time use an illuminance meter to measure the light environment of the water tank (1) to obtain its distribution range; and use the dark environment as the control group. S3. According to the size of the fish, the adjustment mechanism (4) is finely adjusted so that the size of the tank (1) is more suitable for the movement of the experimental fish. The experimental fish is placed in the tank (1), and the water flow control component (5) is adjusted to make it a still water environment. After the fish adapts, the video monitoring system is turned on to observe and record the behavior of the experimental fish swimming freely in the tank (1). S4. Set up a control experimental group to conduct a control experiment on fish in a dark environment to eliminate systematic errors in the experiment; S5, Conduct a test light environment experiment on fish: During the same time period as the free swimming behavior experiment, conduct a test light environment experiment on fish, filter light by switching different filter paper (31), set the swimming behavior and swimming speed of fish under different light environment stimuli, analyze and judge the phototaxis of fish, and thus screen out positive phototaxis and negative phototaxis respectively.

5. The method for screening sensitive light sources for adult fish according to claim 4, characterized in that, In S4, when the environment is dark, the light source modules (12) at both ends of the water tank (1) are set as the first light source and the second light source, respectively. When the first light source is turned on at the end of the water tank (1) near the experimental fish, when the experimental fish swims away from the light source and passes through the middle of the water tank (1), the light intensity of the first light source is reduced to 0 lx, and the second light source at the other end of the water tank is turned on. When the experimental fish swims through the middle of the water tank (1) again and swims towards the first light source device, the second light source device is turned off and the first light source device is turned on. This cycle is repeated for 20 minutes or until the experimental fish no longer reacts.

6. The method for screening sensitive light sources for adult fish according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S5, when the fish being screened are phototactic, the first light source device at the end of the tank furthest from the experimental fish is turned on. When the experimental fish swims towards the light source and passes through the middle of the tank, the light intensity of the first light source device is reduced to 0 lx, and at the same time, the second light source device at the other end of the tank is turned on. When the experimental fish exhibits a positive phototactic response to this light environment, the fish will turn around and swim towards the second light source device. When the experimental fish swims through the middle of the tank and towards the first light source device again, the second light source device is turned off, and the first light source device is turned on again. This cycle is repeated for 20 minutes or until the experimental fish no longer react.

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