Anti-slip half sleeve

Abstract

The application provides an anti-disengagement half sleeve, which comprises a handle and a retractor plate, and is characterized in that the anti-disengagement half sleeve further comprises: movable barbs arranged in grooves of two side walls of the retractor plate, at least one movable barb is arranged on each side wall, the movable barb is retractable to a retracted state and an extended state; a driving mechanism arranged at least partially in the groove and used for driving all movable barbs on one side of the retractor plate or all movable barbs on both sides of the retractor plate to switch between the retracted state and the extended state; and an operating member arranged on the handle, the operating member is connected with the driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is controlled to work through the operating member, so that the movable barb is extended to be embedded into tissue during an operation to realize stable anti-disengagement; the movable barb is retracted after the operation to eliminate mechanical engagement between the movable barb and the tissue, and to avoid scratches or tears caused by forced dragging, so that the anti-disengagement half sleeve can be easily taken out along any angle and postoperative complications are significantly reduced; in addition, the movable barb can be independently controlled on one side, and the length or angle of the movable barb can be controlled, so that the applicability is stronger.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention application relates to the field of medical devices, specifically to a non-slip semi-sleeve. Background Technology

[0002] In spinal endoscopic surgery, especially in dual-channel spinal endoscopic minimally invasive surgery, a surgical semi-cannula is a key tool for maintaining instrument access and protecting soft tissue. Existing semi-cannulas typically consist of a retraction plate and a handle end, designed to address issues such as instrument guidance, tissue protection, and intraoperative drainage during surgery.

[0003] To prevent slippage of the semi-sparring cannula during surgery, some existing semi-sparring cannulas have fixing barbs on both sides of their retraction plate. These barbs mechanically engage with the deep fascia to prevent slippage. However, the barbs are rigidly and permanently fixed to both sides of the retraction plate, and their angle, height, and deployment cannot be dynamically adjusted during surgery. While this design effectively prevents dislodgement, significant problems arise during the removal phase after surgery: 1. High risk of tissue damage: When removing the fixation barbs, they may snag on the fascia or muscle fibers, causing scratches or tears in the surrounding soft tissue, or even bleeding. This is especially true when the patient's tissues have reduced compliance due to intraoperative traction, edema, or adhesions. Forcibly dragging them parallel can easily cause secondary damage and increase the risk of postoperative complications.

[0004] 2. Increased complexity of the removal procedure: Fixing the barb requires the surgeon to precisely control the axis of the half-cannula to be parallel to the incision direction during removal; otherwise, the barb may become stuck, requiring repeated adjustments to its position or the application of greater traction, prolonging the operation time and increasing tissue trauma. In complex anatomical areas (such as lumbar segments with dense nerves and blood vessels), forced removal may lead to accidental abrasion of nerve roots or dural sacs, threatening the safety of the operation.

[0005] 3. The contradiction between preventing hair loss and removal: The hair loss prevention effect of the fixing barb depends on the depth of its engagement with the tissue. However, the tighter the engagement, the more significant the reverse traction damage to the tissue during removal, creating a design paradox of "the stronger the hair loss prevention, the greater the damage." The fixing barb is not universally applicable to different tissue states (such as loose adipose tissue and dense fibrotic tissue), and may be ineffective in preventing hair loss in some cases, or difficult to remove in others due to excessive embedding.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a type of half-sleeve with adjustable barbs. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems and shortcomings by providing a non-slip semi-cannula that can maintain anti-slip performance during surgery and actively reduce the resistance of the back teeth during removal, thereby effectively solving the problem of balancing tissue protection and ease of operation.

[0008] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows: The present invention discloses an anti-slip semi-sleeve tube comprising a handle located outside a tissue incision and a retraction plate extending into the tissue incision. The tube is characterized by further comprising: movable barbs disposed in grooves on two side walls of the retraction plate, each side wall having at least one movable barb; the movable barbs having a retracted state that can retract into the side wall of the retraction plate and an extended state that allows their tips to extend beyond the side wall of the retraction plate; a drive mechanism, at least partially disposed in the grooves, for switching all movable barbs on one side or both sides of the retraction plate between the retracted state and the extended state; and an operating member disposed on the handle, connected to the drive mechanism, for controlling the operation of the drive mechanism via the operating member.

[0009] In some embodiments, there are two sets of drive mechanisms. Each of these two sets of drive mechanisms drives all the movable barbs on one side of the retracting plate to switch between the retracted state and the extended state. Each set of drive mechanisms is individually connected to an operating component.

[0010] Furthermore, the driving mechanism includes a linkage component, which is movably mounted on the pull-out plate and engages with all movable barbs on the same side of the pull-out plate. The operating component is pressably mounted on the upper surface of the handle and connected to the top of the linkage component. When the operating component is in its unpressed initial state, the movable barbs are in the extended state. When the operating component is pressed down, it drives the linkage component to switch the movable barbs to the retracted state. When the operating component is pressed down again, it resets to its initial state, and the operating component drives the linkage component to switch the movable barbs to the extended state.

[0011] As another parallel embodiment, the driving mechanism includes a driving component and a linkage component. The driving component is movably mounted on the handle, and the linkage component is movably mounted on the pull-out plate. The linkage component engages with all movable barbs on the same side of the pull-out plate. The operating component is mounted on the handle and is linked to the driving component. When the operating component is at the rear end of its movable range, the movable barbs are in the retracted state. When the operating component is pushed to the front end, it drives the driving component forward, which in turn drives the linkage component downward. The downward movement of the linkage component drives the movable barbs to switch to the extended state. When the operating component is pushed back to the rear end, it drives the driving component backward and the linkage component upward, and the linkage component drives the movable barbs to switch to the retracted state.

[0012] Furthermore, the front end of the driving component is provided with a first inclined surface that slopes downward and backward, and the upper end of the linkage component is provided with a second inclined surface that matches the first inclined surface. The cooperation of the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface enables the driving component to move forward and drive the linkage component to move downward. An elastic element is provided between the lower end of the linkage component and the pull-out plate. When the driving component moves backward, the elastic element drives the linkage component to move upward.

[0013] In some embodiments, the operating component includes a push button, a connecting rod, and a resilient locking pin. One end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the driving component, and the resilient locking pin is movably mounted on the other end of the connecting rod along its length. The push button is connected to the resilient locking pin and extends beyond the handle, which has a corresponding locking groove. When the push button is pushed to position the operating component at the front end, the resilient locking pin extends into the locking groove to restrict the movement of the operating component, and the movable barb is positioned in the extended state. When the push button is pressed, the resilient locking pin is disengaged from the locking groove, and the operating component can move to the rear end position.

[0014] In some embodiments, the linkage member has a linkage convex shaft corresponding to the positions of all the movable barbs, and the tail end of the movable barb has a corresponding strip groove for connecting the linkage convex shaft; the middle of the movable barb has a shaft hole, and the pull-opening plate has a shaft post protruding towards the rear end, so that the movable barb can rotate around the axis of the shaft post by sleeve through the shaft hole; when the linkage member moves down, the linkage convex shaft drives the tail end of the movable barb to swing downward and make the tip rotate out of the side of the pull-opening plate; when the linkage member moves up, the linkage convex shaft drives the tail end of the movable barb to swing upward and make the tip rotate back into the side of the pull-opening plate.

[0015] In some embodiments, only one drive mechanism is provided. The drive mechanism includes two linkage rods and a connecting rod. Each of the two linkage rods drives all the movable barbs on one side of the retracting plate to switch between the retracted state and the extended state. The two ends of the connecting rod are respectively connected to the upper ends of the two linkage rods. The middle part of the connecting rod is directly connected to the operating member or indirectly connected to the operating member through the drive rod.

[0016] In some embodiments, the drive mechanism includes a motor, a transmission component, and a linkage component. The linkage component is simultaneously connected to all the movable barbs on both sides. The operating component is an electronically controlled switch electrically connected to the motor. The motor is started by the operating component, and the motor transmits power to the linkage component through the transmission component. The linkage component drives the movable barbs to switch between the retracted state and the extended state.

[0017] In some embodiments, the present invention further includes an extension plate, a linkage mechanism, and a control component. The extension plate is disposed at the lower part of the front surface of the retracting plate. The linkage mechanism is connected to the extension plate and the control component respectively. The control component drives the linkage mechanism to move, so that the linkage component drives the extension plate to move or lock relative to the retracting plate in the vertical direction.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This invention uses an operating component to drive a driving mechanism to extend or retract the movable barbs on both sides of the retraction plate. Therefore, during the operation, the movable barbs are extended to embed into the tissue, achieving stability and preventing dislodgement. After the operation, the movable barbs are retracted to eliminate the mechanical engagement between the movable barbs and the tissue, avoiding scratches or tears caused by forced dragging. After the movable barbs are fully retracted, the surface of the semi-cannula is smooth and can be easily removed at any angle. It is especially suitable for complex cases with tissue edema or adhesion, significantly reducing postoperative complications.

[0019] 2. The driving mechanism of the present invention can control the active barb on one side or control the active barb on both sides at the same time, thus making it more applicable. For asymmetrical anatomical areas (such as nerves and blood vessels on one side), the active barb on the dangerous side can be retracted, while retaining the anti-dislodgement function of the active barb on the opposite side, thus achieving a dynamic balance between safety and stability.

[0020] 3. This invention is controlled by an operating component, which can control the extension length or angle of the movable barb, flexibly adapt to different tissue densities (such as loose adipose tissue and dense fascia), avoid excessive embedding or failure of anti-dislodgement, and is suitable for different segment surgeries such as cervical spine and lumbar spine, as well as the special needs of fibrotic tissue in revision surgery; it can also adapt to sudden situations during surgery (such as emergency adjustment of channel depth or angle) for timely adjustment.

[0021] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the anti-slip semi-sleeve of the present invention, embodiment one; Figure 2 This is another three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the anti-slip semi-sleeve embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the anti-slip semi-sleeve of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the anti-slip semi-sleeve of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the anti-slip semi-sleeve of the present invention, in Embodiment 2; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the third embodiment of the anti-slip semi-sleeve of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the driving mechanism of the anti-slip half-sleeve embodiment three of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the anti-slip half-sleeve with an extension plate structure according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure label: Handle 1; Mounting slot 11, locking slot 12, drainage hole 13; Pull-out plate 2; Groove 21, countersunk hole 22, shaft column 23, mounting base 24, slide groove 25, operating surface 26; Active barbs 3; Tip 31, groove 32, shaft hole 33; Drive mechanism 4; Drive component 41, first inclined surface 411, linkage component 42, second inclined surface 421, linkage cam 422, linkage rod 423, turning part 424, linkage cam 425, compression spring 43, tension spring 44, connecting rod 45, inclined surface 451; Operating component 5; Push button 51, connecting rod 52, elastic locking pin 53, button 54; Side cover 6; Opening 61, moving slot 62; Extension plate 7; Linkage mechanism 8; Connecting part 81, driving part 82, transmission gear 83, screw 84; Control component 9. Detailed Implementation

[0024] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. Furthermore, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features, used to distinguish and describe features, without any order or emphasis.

[0026] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0027] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "fitting," "connected," "linked," and "installed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0028] The anti-slip half-sleeve of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] like Figure 1-3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the present invention relates to a non-slip semi-sleeve, comprising a handle 1 located outside the tissue incision and a retraction plate 2 extending into the tissue incision. The retraction plate 2 has an operating surface 26 for surgical instruments to pass through and a back surface that conforms to the tissue incision channel. The handle 1 is connected to the upper end of the retraction plate 2 and extends toward the back surface. Here, the tissue incision refers to the surgical channel constructed by the surgeon to cut open the skin and flesh at the lesion site of the patient in order to perform surgery.

[0030] The invention is characterized by further including movable barbs 3, a driving mechanism 4, and an operating member 5. The movable barbs 3 are disposed in grooves 21 on the two side walls of the pulling plate 2, with at least one movable barb 3 on each side wall. The movable barbs 3 have a retracted state that can retract into the side wall of the pulling plate 2 and an extended state that allows the tip 31 to extend beyond the side wall of the pulling plate 2. The driving mechanism 4 is at least partially disposed in the grooves 21, and is used to switch all movable barbs 3 on one side or both sides of the pulling plate 2 between the retracted and extended states. The operating member 5 is disposed on the handle 1 and is connected to the driving mechanism 4. The operating member 5 controls the operation of the driving mechanism 4, thereby causing the driving mechanism 4 to drive the movable barbs 3 to move.

[0031] Understandably, the grooves 21 on both sides of the retraction plate 2 are designed to ensure that the movable barbs 3 are completely contained within the grooves 21 when retracted, i.e., retracted into the sidewalls. This ensures a smooth sidewall surface for the semi-cannula, allowing for easy removal at any angle post-operatively without causing scratches or tears to the tissue, thus reducing post-operative complications. The movable barbs 3 can extend and retract horizontally, tilt upwards, or rotate out. Theoretically, one movable barb 3 on each side of the retraction plate 2 is sufficient to prevent slippage. However, to achieve a better anti-slip effect, multiple movable barbs 3 can be provided on each side of the retraction plate 2, such as... Figure 1 The example shown has four active barbs 3 on each side; as Figure 4 The example shown has three active barbs 3 on each side.

[0032] The drive mechanism 4 can have various structural designs, but in order to drive the movable barb 3, at least a portion of the structure needs to extend into the groove 21 to be linked with the movable barb 3, such as... Figure 1 In the example shown, the drive mechanism 4 has a linkage 42 that extends into the groove 21.

[0033] The driving mechanism 4 of this invention can be designed to drive only one side of the movable barbs 3. In this case, two sets of driving mechanisms 4 need to be installed on the half-cannula, each driving one side of the movable barbs 3. This design allows for independent control on one side, meaning that for asymmetrical anatomical areas (such as areas where nerves and blood vessels are located on one side), only the barbs on the dangerous side can be retracted, while retaining the anti-dislodgement function of the barbs on the opposite side, achieving a dynamic balance between safety and stability. The driving mechanism 4 can also be designed to drive all movable barbs 3 on both sides simultaneously, meaning that one driving mechanism 4 can control all of them. This design makes the operation more convenient and faster, and is suitable for surgical passages where there are no dangerous areas nearby.

[0034] The operator 5, located on the handle 1, allows for easier direct control by the surgeon. The surgeon can switch the state of the movable barb 3 with a single button press using the operator 5, eliminating the need for instruments or interruption of the procedure. This makes it more suitable for handling unexpected intraoperative situations (such as emergency adjustments to channel depth or angle). While the drive mechanism 4 switches the movable barb 3 between retracted and extended states, it is not limited to these two states. Controlled by the operator 5, the drive mechanism 4 can move the movable barb 3 to any position between these two states, precisely controlling the extension length or angle of the movable barb 3. Therefore, it can flexibly adapt to different tissue densities (such as loose adipose tissue and dense fascia), avoiding excessive embedding or failure of the anti-dislodgement mechanism. This makes it suitable for surgeries of different segments such as the cervical and lumbar spine, as well as the special needs of fibrotic tissue in revision surgeries.

[0035] This invention uses the operating component 5 to drive the driving mechanism 4, which in turn drives the movable barbs 3 on both sides of the retraction plate 2 to extend or retract. Therefore, during surgery, the movable barbs 3 extend to embed into the tissue, achieving stability and preventing dislodgement; postoperatively, the movable barbs 3 retract, eliminating the mechanical engagement between the movable barbs and the tissue, avoiding scratches or tears caused by forced dragging. This systematically solves the technical contradiction between tissue protection and ease of operation in traditional fixed barbs, combining high safety, strong adaptability, and high operational efficiency.

[0036] The following is a detailed description of specific embodiments.

[0037] Example 1: like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the anti-slip semi-sleeve device of this embodiment includes a handle 1, a retraction plate 2, movable barbs 3, a drive mechanism 4, and an operating component 5. The retraction plate 2 is an arc-shaped plate with its operating surface 26 being an arc-shaped concave surface, which is more conducive to the smooth passage of surgical instruments. The handle 1 is connected to the top of the retraction plate 2 and extends towards the back side. The handle 1 is positioned outside the patient's tissue incision to support the semi-sleeve, preventing it from entering the surgical channel entirely, and also facilitating the removal of the semi-sleeve through the handle 1. This embodiment has two sets of drive mechanisms 4. These two sets of drive mechanisms 4 drive all the movable barbs 3 on one side of the retraction plate 2 to switch between the retracted state and the extended state. Each set of drive mechanisms 4 is individually connected to an operating component 5.

[0038] Specifically, such as Figure 3As shown, the driving mechanism 4 in this embodiment includes a driving member 41 and a linkage member 42. The driving member 41 is rod-shaped, and its front end has a first inclined surface 451411 that slopes downward and backward. The linkage member 42 is also rod-shaped, and its upper end has a second inclined surface 451421 that matches the first inclined surface 451411. The cooperation of the first inclined surface 451411 and the second inclined surface 451421 enables the driving member 41 to move forward, thereby driving the linkage member 42 to move downward. To enable the linkage 42 to move automatically upward when the driving member 41 moves backward, this embodiment has a countersunk hole 22 at the bottom of the groove 21 of the pull-out plate 2. An elastic element, namely a compression spring 43, is provided in the countersunk hole 22. The lower end of the linkage 42 extends into the countersunk hole 22 and abuts against the compression spring 43. When the driving member 41 drives the linkage 42 to move downward, the bottom of the linkage 42 squeezes the compression spring 43. Therefore, when the driving member 41 moves backward, the elastic element drives the linkage 42 to move upward.

[0039] In this embodiment, the linkage 42 drives the movable barbs 3 to rotate, thereby extending and retracting. Specifically, the linkage 42 has a linkage convex shaft 422 at the position corresponding to the four movable barbs 3, and the tail end of the movable barb 3 is provided with a strip groove 32 for the linkage convex shaft 422 to connect to; at the same time, the middle part of the movable barb 3 is provided with a shaft hole 33, and a shaft post 23 protrudes from the wall of the groove 21 of the retracting plate 2 towards the rear end. The shaft hole 33 and the shaft post 23 are sleeved together, so that the movable barb 3 can rotate around the axis of the shaft post 23. Therefore, when the linkage 42 moves down, the linkage convex shaft 422 will slide in the strip groove 32 and can drive the tail end of the movable barb 3 to swing downward, so that the tip 31 of the movable barb 3 rotates upward beyond the side of the retracting plate 2, such as Figure 2 The state shown indicates that the movable barb 3 is in the extended position. When the drive member 41 moves backward, the compression spring 43 drives the linkage member 42 to move upward. At this time, the linkage cam 422 drives the tail end of the movable barb 3 to swing upward, thereby causing the tip 31 to rotate downward and return to the side of the retracting plate 2, as shown. Figure 1 The state shown is when the active barb 3 is in the retracted state.

[0040] In this embodiment, the operating component 5 is a push button 51 that can be pushed back and forth. The operating component 5 can move within a set pushing range. The movement of the operating component 5 synchronously pushes the driving component 41 to move. When the operating component 5 is at the rear end of the pushing range, the driving component 41 is in a rearward state, so the linkage 42 moves upward, causing the movable barb 3 to be in a retracted state. When the operating component 5 is pushed to the front end, the driving component 41 moves forward, causing the linkage 42 to move downward, thereby switching the movable barb 3 to an extended state. When the operating component 5 is pushed back to the rear end, it drives the driving component 41 to move backward, and the linkage 42 automatically moves upward, switching the movable barb 3 to a retracted state. In this mode, the driving component 41 moves back and forth synchronously with the operating component 5. Therefore, the extension angle and extension length of the movable barb 3 can be adjusted by positioning the operating component 5 at any position within the pushing range. In order to enable the operating component 5 to be positioned at any location, a locking component, such as a locking bolt, can be installed on the operating component 5. When the operating component 5 is pushed to the desired position, the locking bolt is tightened to clamp the operating component 5 so that it cannot move, thereby achieving the positioning function.

[0041] Of course, the operating component 5 can also be positioned only when it is at the foremost position of the pushing range. In this mode, the movable barb 3 can only be positioned in the fully extended extended state and the fully retracted retracted state. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the operating component 5 includes a push button 51, a connecting rod 5245, and an elastic locking pin 53. One end of the connecting rod 5245 is fixedly connected to the driving component 41. The elastic locking pin 53 is movably installed at the other end of the connecting rod 5245 along its length. In this embodiment, the elastic locking pin 53 consists of a locking pin and a spring. The push button 51 is connected to the elastic locking pin 53 and extends beyond the handle 1. The handle 1 is provided with a locking groove 12 that matches the elastic locking pin 53. When the push button 51 is pushed to make the operating component 5 reach the front end position, the elastic locking pin 53 extends outward into the locking groove 12 to restrict the movement of the operating component 5. The push button 51 also protrudes outward at the same time. Therefore, the driving component 41 and the linkage component 42 are both restricted and cannot move. The movable barb 3 remains in the extended state. When the push button 51 is pressed, the push button 51 drives the elastic locking pin 53 to move inward, thereby causing the elastic locking pin 53 to exit the locking groove 12. At this time, the operating component 5 can be manually pushed backward to the rear end position.

[0042] For easier operation, such as Figure 3As shown, a tension spring 44 is provided at the rear end of the drive member 41. When the drive member 41 is driven forward by the operating member 5, the tension spring 44 is stretched. Therefore, when the elastic locking pin 53 exits the locking groove 12, there is no need to manually push the operating member 5 backward. Under the pulling force of the tension spring 44, the drive member 41 automatically moves backward, and at the same time, the operating member 5 moves backward synchronously. Therefore, the operation is more convenient. After the operation, before removing the half cannula, just press the push button 51 to automatically retract the movable barb 3. It can be operated with one hand. Of course, since the bottom of the linkage member 42 itself has a compression spring 43, if the elastic force of the compression spring 43 is large enough, then there is no need to stretch the spring 44. The elastic force of the compression spring 43 can be used to move the linkage member 42 upward. The relative friction between the second inclined surface 451421 and the first inclined surface 451411 of the linkage member 42 can further drive the drive member 41 backward. Finally, the operation member 5 can also be reset backward and the movable barb 3 can be switched to the retracted state.

[0043] In this embodiment, the driving component 41 can be disposed on the upper surface of the handle 1, but to avoid affecting the driving component 41, such as... Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, a mounting groove 11 is provided on the side of the handle 1. The mounting groove 11 is connected to the groove 21 on the pull plate 2. The drive member 41 is installed in the mounting groove 11, and the mounting groove 11 limits the drive member 41 to move only in the back-and-forth direction. The rear wall of the mounting groove 11 is spaced a certain distance from the rear end face of the drive member 41. One end of the tension spring 44 is fixed on the rear wall of the mounting groove 11, and the other end is fixed on the rear end face of the drive member 41. To further prevent the drive component 41 and linkage component 42 from being fully exposed and easily affected by fluids generated during the operation, this embodiment also provides a side cover 6. The side cover 6 can cover the mounting groove 11 and the recess 21. Correspondingly, the side cover 6 has an opening 61 for the movable barb 3 to extend or retract. At the same time, the side cover 6 has a moving groove 62 at the position corresponding to the operating component 5. The connecting rod 5245 of the operating component 5 extends into the moving groove 62 and connects to the drive component 41. The length of the moving groove 62 is the pushing range of the operating component 5. The locking groove 12 is correspondingly set at the front position of the moving groove 62.

[0044] This embodiment features a drive mechanism 4 and an operating element 5 on each of the left and right sides of the semi-sleeve, allowing for unilateral control. The extension of the movable barb 3 can be selected on one side or both sides, making it highly adaptable. The operating element 5 uses a pushing mechanism for control, enabling flexible control of the extension length and angle of the movable barb 3. This allows for adaptation to different tissue densities, preventing over-embedding or failure of the anti-detachment mechanism. Furthermore, the operating element 5 is located on both side walls of the handle 1, allowing for greater expandability of the upper surface of the handle 1. Figure 1-3As shown, a knob can be set on the upper surface of the handle 1 to control the extension plate 7 of the half sleeve, so that the length of the half sleeve can be adjusted.

[0045] Example 2: like Figure 4 As shown, the anti-slip half-sleeve of this embodiment includes a handle 1, a pull-away plate 2, a movable barb 3, a drive mechanism 4, and an operating component 5. The handle 1 and the pull-away plate 2 are the same as in Embodiment 1. This embodiment also has two sets of drive mechanisms 4, with each set of drive mechanisms 4 connected to an operating component 5.

[0046] The difference from Example 1 is that, as Figure 5 As shown, each drive mechanism 4 in this embodiment includes only one linkage member 42. The linkage member 42 is movably disposed in the groove 21 of the pull plate 2, and its top extends beyond the upper surface of the handle 1. The operating member 5 is pressably disposed on the upper surface of the handle 1 and connected to the top of the linkage member 42. The movable barb 3 is installed in the groove 21 and can be moved obliquely upward and outward. The linkage rod 423 is located inside the movable barb 3. The linkage rod 423 has a linkage protrusion 425 on its side wall facing the movable barb 3 to achieve a cooperative connection with the movable barb 3. Each side of the half sleeve in this embodiment has three movable barbs 3, so there are also three linkage protrusions 425 on the corresponding linkage rod 423.

[0047] Specifically, a mounting base 24 is provided in the groove 21 corresponding to the positions of the three movable barbs 3. The mounting base 24 has an upwardly sloping groove 25. The movable barbs 3 are installed in the groove 25, and the tail end of the movable barb 3 has a protrusion extending from the tail end of the groove 25 for cooperating with the linkage protrusion 425. Both ends of the groove 25 are blocked to prevent the movable barbs 3 from disengaging from the groove 25. In this embodiment, the operating member 5 can be a button 54 positioned in the pressed position. The button 54 can have a structure similar to the press head of a ballpoint pen. When pressed for the first time, it remains in the pressed state, and when pressed again, it springs up to reset. The linkage member 42 moves and positions synchronously with the operating member 5. The spring for springing up and resetting can be provided on the operating member 5 or at the lower end of the linkage member 42. Similar to Embodiment 1, a countersunk hole 22 is provided at the bottom of the groove 21, and a compression spring 43 is provided in the countersunk hole 22. The lower end of the linkage member 42 extends into the countersunk hole 22 and abuts against the compression spring 43. The linkage component 42 has a mating inclined surface 451 on the linkage protrusion 425, which is in parallel contact with the protruding end face of the movable barb 3.

[0048] To keep the operating element 5 as far away from the retraction plate 2 as possible and avoid interference with the surgical instruments, the linkage 42 in this embodiment may include a linkage rod 423 and an L-shaped bend 424. The linkage rod 423 is disposed in the groove 21 to drive the movable barb 3, and the horizontal end of the bend 424 is connected to the top of the linkage rod 423, thus making the entire linkage 42 resemble a crank. The operating element 5 is connected to the top of the vertical end of the bend 424. Correspondingly, a mounting position (not shown in the figure) is provided on the handle 1 for accommodating the bend 424 and allowing it to move up and down. This design allows the operating element 5 to be positioned relatively away from the retraction plate 2, reducing surgical interference.

[0049] The operation of the half-cannula in this embodiment is as follows: When the operating member 5 is in the initial state without being pressed, the linkage member 42 is in the upward state, and the linkage protrusion 425 abuts against the protrusion of the movable barb 3, thereby causing the movable barb 3 to extend outward along the slide groove 25, that is, the movable barb 3 is in the extended state; when it is necessary to insert the half-cannula into the patient's surgical channel, first press the operating member 5 to make the linkage member 42 move downward. At this time, the linkage protrusion 425 moves away from the tail end of the movable barb 3, so the movable barb 3. Under its own weight, it retracts into the side wall of the retraction plate 2, that is, the movable barb 3 is in the retracted state; after the half-cannula is inserted and the position is adjusted, press the operating piece 5 again to make the operating piece 5 spring up, thereby driving the linkage 42 to move upward, allowing the movable barb 3 to switch to the extended state, so as to achieve engagement with the tissue and play a role in preventing slippage; when the surgery is completed and the half-cannula needs to be removed, press the operating piece 5 again to make the linkage 42 move downward, at which time the movable barb 3 automatically returns to the retracted state, and the half-cannula can be easily removed.

[0050] This embodiment also allows for unilateral control, enabling either single-sided or double-sided extension of the movable barb 3 as needed, making it highly adaptable. Furthermore, the drive mechanism 4 in this embodiment consists only of the linkage 42, resulting in a simpler structure. The operating component 5 is located on the upper surface of the handle 1, facilitating pressing operations and allowing for rapid switching between the retracted and extended states of the movable barb 3.

[0051] Example 3: like Figure 6 As shown, the anti-slip half-sleeve of this embodiment includes a handle 1, a pull-away plate 2, movable barbs 3, a drive mechanism 4, and an operating component 5. The handle 1 and the pull-away plate 2 are the same as in Embodiment 1. This embodiment has only one set of drive mechanism 4, and there is also only one corresponding operating component 5, which is set on the upper surface of the handle 1. Through the operating component 5, the movable barbs 3 on both sides of the pull-away plate 2 can be controlled to extend or retract simultaneously.

[0052] like Figure 7As shown, the driving mechanism 4 of this embodiment includes two linkage rods 423 and a connecting rod 5245. The two linkage rods 423 are respectively located in the grooves 21 on both sides of the pull-opening plate 2, and are used to drive all the movable barbs 3 on one side of the pull-opening plate 2 to switch between the retracted state and the extended state. Specifically, the movable barbs 3 are horizontally movable in the grooves 21. The linkage rod 423 is located inside the movable barb 3 and is fixedly connected to the tail of the movable barb 3. It can also be an integral design. The linkage rod 423 can move laterally in the grooves 21 along the left and right directions of the pull-opening plate 2. In this embodiment, the two ends of the connecting rod 5245 are movably connected to the upper ends of the two linkage rods 423 respectively. The movement of the connecting rod 5245 drives the two linkage rods 423 to move laterally outward, thereby pushing the movable barb 3 out of the side wall of the pull-opening plate 2, that is, switching to the extended state; when the connecting rod 5245 is reset, the linkage rod 423 moves laterally towards the middle under the action of the compression spring 43 connected to it, thereby switching the movable barb 3 to the retracted state.

[0053] The connecting rod 5245 can move along the front-back direction of the pulling plate 2 to drive the linkage rod 423 to move laterally, such as... Figure 7 As shown, this movement method involves inclined surfaces 451 on both ends of the connecting rod 5245, which are forward-facing and inclined towards the center of the connecting rod 5245. In the initial state, the front end of the inclined surface 451 of the connecting rod 5245 contacts the inner vertical edge of the linkage rod 423. Correspondingly, a drive rod is provided between the operating member 5 and the connecting rod 5245 in this method. The front end of the drive rod is fixedly connected to the middle of the rear end face of the connecting rod 5245. The operating member 5 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the rear end of the drive rod and extends to the upper surface of the handle 1. The operating member 5 is a push button 51. When the operating member 5 is pushed forward, the drive rod drives the connecting rod 5245 to move forward synchronously. At this time, the inclined surface 451 squeezes the linkage rod 423 to move laterally outward, and the movable barb 3 extends. When the operating member 5 is pushed back, the linkage rod 423 retracts under the action of the compression spring 43, and the movable barb 3 retracts.

[0054] The connecting rod 5245 can also be used in other linkage methods. For example, the connecting rod 5245 can move vertically to drive the linkage rod 423 to move horizontally. In this movement method, the two ends of the connecting rod 5245 are provided with inclined surfaces 451 that slope downwards and towards the middle of the connecting rod 5245. In the initial state, the lower end of the inclined surface 451 of the connecting rod 5245 is in contact with the inner side of the linkage rod 423. Correspondingly, the operating element 5 in this method can be a pressable button that is directly connected to the upper end of the middle part of the connecting rod 5245. When the button is pressed down, the connecting rod 5245 moves downward, and the inclined surface 451 squeezes the linkage rod 423 to move horizontally outward. When the button is pressed again to reset the button, the linkage rod 423 retracts under the action of the compression spring 43, and at the same time drives the connecting rod 5245 to shift upward and reset.

[0055] This embodiment allows for simultaneous control of all movable barbs 3 on both sides using a single operating component 5, making operation more convenient and faster, and suitable for surgical passages without surrounding hazardous areas. Furthermore, the linkage rod 423 and the movable barbs 3 are fixedly connected, reducing the transmission failure rate and improving operational reliability and safety.

[0056] The drive mechanism 4 in Embodiments 1 to 3 above is non-electrically driven; the operator manually operates the operating component 5 to drive the drive mechanism 4. Furthermore, in the three embodiments above, the connection method between the linkage component 42 (linkage rod 423) and the movable barb 3 is different, but this is not limited to a specific connection method that is only suitable for the corresponding embodiment. In fact, any embodiment can adopt the connection method from other embodiments. Similarly, the connection method between the linkage component 42 (linkage rod 423) and the movable barb 3 is not limited to the methods described in the three embodiments above.

[0057] Example 4: In this embodiment, the anti-slip half-sleeve includes a handle 1, a pull-out plate 2, movable barbs 3, a drive mechanism 4, and an operating component 5. The handle 1 and pull-out plate 2 are the same as in Embodiment 1. The drive mechanism 4 in this embodiment is an electric drive mechanism 4, which includes a motor, a transmission component, and a linkage component 42. The linkage component 42 is simultaneously connected to all movable barbs 3 on both sides. The operating component 5 is an electrically controlled switch electrically connected to the motor. The motor is started via the operating component 5, and the motor transmits power to the linkage component 42 through the transmission component. The linkage component 42 drives the movable barbs 3 to switch between a retracted state and an extended state.

[0058] In this embodiment, the transmission component can be a transmission gear, and the corresponding linkage component 42 has a rack on its upper surface facing the transmission gear, which meshes with the transmission gear. The operating component 5 is a two-way knob. When turned counterclockwise, it controls the motor to rotate forward, driving the transmission gear to rotate counterclockwise. The transmission gear then drives the rack to move downward, thereby switching the movable barb 3 from the retracted state to the extended state. When turned clockwise, it controls the motor to rotate counterclockwise, driving the transmission gear to rotate forward. The transmission gear then drives the rack to move upward, thereby switching the movable barb 3 from the extended state to the retracted state.

[0059] This embodiment controls all the movable barbs 3 on both sides simultaneously through the electric drive mechanism 4. Moreover, the forward and reverse rotation of the motor and the rotation duration are all freely controlled by the surgeon. Therefore, the movable barbs 3 can be positioned at any position between the extended and retracted states, so as to make timely adjustments in case of emergencies during the operation (such as emergency adjustment of the channel depth or angle).

[0060] The semi-sleeve of this invention uses movable barbs 3 on both sides of the retraction plate 2 to prevent slippage. Correspondingly, the drive mechanism 4 and operating element 5 for controlling the movable barbs 3 can also be located on both sides of the semi-sleeve. Therefore, the middle section of the semi-sleeve can be used for functional expansion. For example, in addition to retaining the function of the movable barbs 3 "extending to prevent slippage and retracting without causing injury," a drainage channel can be designed in the middle section of the semi-sleeve to assist in the removal of fluids generated during the procedure. Figure 4 In the illustrated embodiment, a drainage hole 13 is provided in the middle of the half-cannula, and the outlet of the drainage hole 13 is located at the end of the handle 1 for connecting to a suction device. Therefore, the liquid in the surgical channel can be aspirated using the half-cannula. Alternatively, an adjustable extension plate 7 can be designed to make the length of the half-cannula adjustable.

[0061] like Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown, the half-sleeve in this embodiment has an adjustable length. Specifically, the half-sleeve includes an extension plate 7, a linkage mechanism 8, and a control component 9. The extension plate 7 is located at the lower part of the operating surface 26 and can extend and retract relative to the pull-opening plate 2 in the vertical direction. When the extension plate 7 retracts upward until its end is flush with or higher than the bottom of the pull-opening plate 2, the extension plate 7 is inactive, and the length of the working part is equal to the length of the pull-opening plate 2. When the extension plate 7 moves downward and its end exceeds the bottom of the pull-opening plate 2, the length of the working part is equal to the length of the pull-opening plate 2 plus the length of the downward extension of the extension plate 7, that is, the length of the entire working part increases. Therefore, in the design, the length of the pull-opening plate 2 can be kept at the shortest usable size, and when an extension is needed, it is achieved by moving the extension plate 7 downward. The linkage mechanism 8 is mounted on the retracting plate 2. The linkage mechanism 8 has a connecting part 81 that connects to and drives the extension plate 7 to move or lock, and a driving part 82 that drives the connecting part 81 to move or lock. The linkage mechanism 8 also includes a transmission gear 83 and a screw 84. The driving part 82 is the driving gear, and the connecting part 81 is a nut screwed onto the screw 84. One side of the nut is fixedly connected to the extension plate 7. The adjustment method is as follows: The operator turns the control component 9, causing the driving gear to rotate. The driving gear drives the transmission gear 83, which meshes with it, to rotate. Therefore, the screw 84 also rotates at the same speed as the transmission gear 83. At this time, because the nut is fixedly connected to the extension plate 7, it cannot rotate with the screw 84. Therefore, the nut moves up and down relative to the screw 84 under the rotation of the screw 84, ultimately achieving the extension and retraction of the extension plate 7. When the control component 9 is stopped, the nut stops moving, thus locking the extension plate 7. The control element 9 is located on the handle 1. The control element 9 is connected to the drive part 82 of the linkage mechanism 8 so as to control the movement or locking of the extension plate 7 through the control element 9. The control element 9 makes it easier for the operator to operate.

[0062] This invention achieves an adjustable half-cannula length through the extension plate 7, allowing the surgeon to adjust the length of the extension plate 7 extending downward relative to the retraction plate 2 in real time according to the patient's anatomical differences (such as different segments of the lumbar spine, cervical spine, etc.) or the required depth of the surgical channel, without relying on various sizes of instruments; coupled with the anti-slip movable barbs 3, the applicability of the half-cannula is enhanced, improving surgical efficiency, and it is especially suitable for complex or multi-segment surgeries.

[0063] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "embodiment," "example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0064] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A non-slip semi-sleeve cannula, comprising a handle located outside a tissue incision and a retraction plate extending into the tissue incision, characterized in that, Also includes: Movable barbs are provided in the grooves provided on the two side walls of the pull-out plate, with at least one movable barb on each side wall. The movable barb has a retracted state that can be retracted into the side wall of the pull-out plate and an extended state that allows the tip to extend out of the side wall of the pull-out plate. A driving mechanism, at least partially disposed in the groove, is used to drive all the movable barbs on one side or both sides of the retracting plate to switch between the retracted state and the extended state; the driving mechanism includes a linkage member, which is movably disposed on the retracting plate and is engaged with all the movable barbs on the same side of the retracting plate. An operating element is disposed on the handle and is connected to the drive mechanism, thereby controlling the operation of the drive mechanism.

2. The anti-slip semi-sleeve according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are two sets of drive mechanisms. Each of these two sets of drive mechanisms drives all the movable barbs on one side of the retracting plate to switch between the retracted state and the extended state. Each set of drive mechanisms is individually connected to an operating component.

3. The anti-slip semi-sleeve according to claim 2, characterized in that, The operating element is pressably disposed on the upper surface of the handle and connected to the top of the linkage element; When the operating element is in the initial state where it is not pressed, the movable barb is in the extended state; When the operating element is pressed, the operating element drives the linkage element to switch the movable barb to the retracted state; When the operating component is pressed again, the operating component resets to its initial state, and the operating component drives the linkage component to switch the movable barb to the extended state.

4. The anti-slip semi-sleeve according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drive mechanism further includes a drive component, which is movably mounted on the handle; the operating component is mounted on the handle and is linked to the drive component. When the operating member is in the rear position of the movable range, the movable barb is in the retracted state; when the operating member is pushed to the front position, the operating member drives the driving member to move forward, the driving member then drives the linkage member to move downward, and the linkage member moving downward drives the movable barb to switch to the extended state. When the operating component is pushed back to the rear position, it causes the driving component to move backward and the linkage component to move upward, and the linkage component drives the movable barb to switch to the retracted state.

5. The anti-slip semi-sleeve according to claim 4, characterized in that, The front end of the driving component is provided with a first inclined surface that slopes downward and backward, and the upper end of the linkage component is provided with a second inclined surface that matches the first inclined surface. The cooperation of the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface enables the driving component to move forward and drive the linkage component to move downward. An elastic element is provided between the lower end of the linkage component and the pull plate. When the driving component moves backward, the elastic element drives the linkage component to move upward.

6. The anti-slip semi-sleeving sleeve according to claim 5, characterized in that, The operating component includes a push button, a connecting rod, and a resilient locking pin. One end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the driving component. The resilient locking pin is movably installed at the other end of the connecting rod along its length. The push button is connected to the resilient locking pin and extends beyond the handle. A corresponding locking groove is provided on the handle. When the push button is pushed to bring the operating member to the front position, the elastic locking pin extends into the locking groove to restrict the movement of the operating member, and the movable barb is positioned in the extended state; when the push button is pressed, the elastic locking pin is driven out of the locking groove, and the operating member can be moved to the rear position.

7. The anti-slip semi-sleeve according to claim 4, characterized in that, The linkage component is provided with a linkage convex shaft corresponding to the position of all the movable barbs, and the tail end of the movable barb is provided with a strip groove for connecting the linkage convex shaft; the middle part of the movable barb is provided with a shaft hole, and the pull-opening plate is provided with a shaft post protruding towards the rear end. The movable barb can be rotated around the axis of the shaft post by sleeve through the shaft hole and the shaft post. When the linkage moves downward, the linkage cam shaft drives the movable barb tail end to swing downward, causing the tip to rotate out of the side of the pull-away plate. When the linkage moves upward, the linkage cam shaft drives the movable barb tail end to swing upward, causing the tip to rotate back into the side of the pull-out plate.

8. The anti-slip semi-sleeve according to claim 1, characterized in that, Only one drive mechanism is provided. The drive mechanism includes two linkage rods and one connecting rod. Each of the two linkage rods drives all the movable barbs on one side of the pulling plate to switch between the retracted state and the extended state. The two ends of the connecting rod are respectively connected to the upper ends of the two linkage rods. The middle part of the connecting rod is directly connected to the operating component or indirectly connected to the operating component through the drive rod.

9. The anti-slip semi-sleeve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving mechanism includes a motor, a transmission component, and a linkage component. The linkage component is simultaneously connected to all the movable barbs on both sides. The operating component is an electronically controlled switch electrically connected to the motor. The motor is started by the operating component, and the motor transmits power to the linkage component through the transmission component. The linkage component drives the movable barbs to switch between the retracted state and the extended state.

10. The anti-slip semi-sleeve according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, It also includes an extension plate, a linkage mechanism, and a control component. The extension plate is located at the lower part of the front surface of the retracting plate. The linkage mechanism is connected to the extension plate and the control component respectively. The control component drives the linkage mechanism to move, so that the linkage component drives the extension plate to move or lock itself relative to the retracting plate in the vertical direction.

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