Titanium slag smelting method and system

Abstract

This application provides a method for smelting titanium slag, including the following steps: obtaining the maximum height H of the molten pool during the titanium slag smelting process. max The maximum operating current I of the electric furnace max The maximum operating voltage U of the electric furnace max The operating voltage U and operating current I of the electric furnace are adjusted according to the real-time height H of the molten pool. This application also provides a titanium slag smelting system. The method provided in this application adjusts the operating current and operating voltage of the electric furnace according to changes in the molten pool height and the heat transfer requirements at different molten pool heights, enabling effective heat utilization, improving smelting stability and efficiency, and increasing titanium slag yield and quality. Experimental results show that when a 25.5 MVA titanium slag electric furnace uses the method disclosed in this application for titanium slag smelting, the smelting efficiency is increased by 16%, and the power consumption per ton of slag is reduced by 8%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal smelting technology, and in particular to a method and system for smelting titanium slag. Background Technology

[0002] In the titanium slag smelting process, dynamic matching of current and voltage is crucial to ensuring smelting efficiency and product quality. Due to the good conductivity of titanium slag, the electric furnace operates in an open-arc smelting state for extended periods, with electrode power supply being the primary heat source. As the charge increases, the molten pool height rises continuously. Adjusting the power supply system (including current and voltage) to better achieve effective heat transfer is an important means of improving smelting efficiency and ensuring the safe operation of the electric furnace.

[0003] In the traditional titanium slag smelting process, problems such as lagging current and voltage regulation, inconsistent control standards, and heavy reliance on experience are prominent, resulting in high smelting energy consumption and large fluctuations in product quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the technical problem to be solved by this application is to provide a smelting method and system for titanium slag. The smelting method provided by this application has good stability, high efficiency and low energy consumption.

[0005] This application provides a method for smelting titanium slag, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Obtain the maximum height H of the molten pool during titanium slag smelting. max The maximum operating current I of the electric furnace max The maximum operating voltage U of the electric furnace max ;

[0007] Adjust the operating voltage U and operating current I of the electric furnace according to the real-time height H of the molten pool:

[0008] 0 < H < 0.2H max At that time, adjust the operating voltage of the electric furnace U = (0.95~1)U max The operating current I = (0.65~0.8)I max ;

[0009] 0.2H max ≤H<0.8H max At that time, adjust the operating voltage of the electric furnace U = (0.75~0.95)U max The operating current I = (0.85~1)I max ;

[0010] 0.8H max ≤H<H max At that time, adjust the operating voltage of the electric furnace U = (0.6~0.7)U max The operating current I = (0.5~0.6)Imax .

[0011] In some specific implementations, 0.2H max ≤H<0.6H max At that time, adjust the operating voltage of the electric furnace U = (0.85~0.95)U max The operating current I = (0.85~0.95)I max ;

[0012] 0.6H max ≤H<0.8H max At that time, adjust the operating voltage of the electric furnace U = (0.75~0.85)U max The operating current I = (0.95~1)I max .

[0013] In some specific implementations, the real-time height H of the molten pool is the vertical distance from the bottom end face of the electrode to the horizontal line of the center of the slag outlet of the electric furnace.

[0014] In some specific implementations, the maximum height H of the molten pool max This represents the maximum distance the bottom end of the electrode can move upwards.

[0015] In some specific implementations, the smelting method further includes:

[0016] H≥H max When this happens, the power supply to the electric furnace should be stopped.

[0017] This application also provides a titanium slag smelting system, comprising:

[0018] An electric furnace, wherein electrodes are provided at the top and a slag outlet is provided at the bottom;

[0019] The sensor is used to obtain real-time height H data of the molten pool inside the electric furnace and send the real-time height H data to the control system;

[0020] The control system receives the real-time height H data and determines the maximum height H of the molten pool based on the real-time height H data and a preset maximum height H of the molten pool. max Based on the relationship between the operating voltage U and operating current I of the electric furnace, the operating voltage U and operating current I data are generated and sent to the power supply system.

[0021] The power supply system receives the operating voltage U data and the operating current I data, and determines the operating voltage U data, operating current I data, and the preset maximum operating current I of the electric furnace based on these parameters. max The maximum operating voltage U of the electric furnace max Adjust the operating voltage and current of the electric furnace:

[0022] 0 < H < 0.2H max At that time, adjust the operating voltage of the electric furnace U = (0.95~1)U max The operating current I = (0.65~0.8)I max ;

[0023] 0.2H max ≤H<0.8H max At that time, adjust the operating voltage of the electric furnace U = (0.75~0.95)U max The operating current I = (0.85~1)I max ;

[0024] 0.8H max ≤H<H max At that time, adjust the operating voltage of the electric furnace U = (0.6~0.7)U max The operating current I = (0.5~0.6)I max .

[0025] In some specific implementations, 0.2H max ≤H<0.6H max At that time, adjust the operating voltage of the electric furnace U = (0.85~0.95)U max The operating current I = (0.85~0.95)I max ;

[0026] 0.6H max ≤H<0.8H max At that time, adjust the operating voltage of the electric furnace U = (0.75~0.85)U max The operating current I = (0.95~1)I max .

[0027] In some specific implementations, the sensor is mounted on the electrode.

[0028] In some specific implementations, the sensor is a displacement sensor used to obtain displacement data of the electrodes.

[0029] In some specific implementations, the maximum height H of the molten pool max This represents the maximum distance the bottom end of the electrode can move upwards.

[0030] The smelting method provided in this application is based on the real-time height H of the molten pool and the maximum height H of the molten pool during the titanium slag smelting process. max The relationship, and based on the maximum operating current I of the electric furnace. max The maximum operating voltage U of the electric furnace maxThe operating voltage U and operating current I of the electric furnace are adjusted in real time. The method provided in this application adjusts the operating current and voltage of the electric furnace according to changes in the molten pool height and the heat transfer requirements at different molten pool heights. This enables efficient utilization of heat, improves smelting stability and efficiency, and increases the yield and quality of titanium slag. Experimental results show that when a 25.5 MVA titanium slag electric furnace uses the method disclosed in this application for titanium slag smelting, the smelting efficiency is increased by 16%, and the power consumption per ton of slag is reduced by 8%. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the smelting system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0032] Figure 2 Photographs showing the morphology of the slag layer in the electric furnace provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0033] This invention provides a method for smelting titanium slag. Those skilled in the art can refer to the content of this document and appropriately modify the process parameters to achieve the desired result. The method and application of this invention have been described through preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art can obviously make modifications or appropriate changes and combinations to the method and application described herein without departing from the content, spirit and scope of this invention to realize and apply the technology of this invention.

[0034] The terms “including,” “having,” or “containing,” including the use of their grammatical synonyms, should generally be understood as open-ended and non-restrictive, for example, not excluding other unstated elements or steps, unless otherwise specifically stated or understood from the context.

[0035] It should be understood that the order of the steps or the order in which certain actions are performed is not important as long as the invention remains operational. Furthermore, two or more steps or actions can be performed simultaneously.

[0036] The use of any and all instances or exemplary language such as “e.g.” or “including” in this document is merely intended to better illustrate the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention unless the claims are made. No language in this specification should be construed as indicating that any unclaimed element is essential to the practice of the invention.

[0037] Furthermore, the numerical ranges and parameters used to define the present invention are approximate values, and the relevant values ​​in the specific embodiments have been presented as precisely as possible. However, any value inevitably contains standard deviations due to individual test methods. Therefore, unless explicitly stated otherwise, it should be understood that all ranges, quantities, values, and percentages used in this disclosure are modified with the word "approximately." Here, "approximately" generally means an actual value within plus or minus 10%, 5%, 1%, or 0.5% of a particular value or range.

[0038] This application provides a method for smelting titanium slag, comprising the following steps:

[0039] Obtain the maximum height H of the molten pool during titanium slag smelting. max The maximum operating current I of the electric furnace max The maximum operating voltage U of the electric furnace max ;

[0040] Adjust the operating voltage U and operating current I of the electric furnace according to the real-time height H of the molten pool:

[0041] 0 < H < 0.2H max At that time, adjust the operating voltage of the electric furnace U = (0.95~1)U max The operating current I = (0.65~0.8)I max ;

[0042] 0.2H max ≤H<0.8H max At that time, adjust the operating voltage of the electric furnace U = (0.75~0.95)U max The operating current I = (0.85~1)I max ;

[0043] 0.8H max ≤H<H max At that time, adjust the operating voltage of the electric furnace U = (0.6~0.7)U max The operating current I = (0.5~0.6)I max .

[0044] This application also provides a titanium slag smelting system, comprising:

[0045] An electric furnace, wherein electrodes are provided at the top and a slag outlet is provided at the bottom;

[0046] The sensor is used to obtain real-time height H data of the molten pool inside the electric furnace and send the real-time height H data to the control system;

[0047] The control system receives the real-time height H data and determines the maximum height H of the molten pool based on the real-time height H data and a preset maximum height H of the molten pool. max Based on the relationship between the operating voltage U and operating current I of the electric furnace, the operating voltage U and operating current I data are generated and sent to the power supply system.

[0048] The power supply system receives the operating voltage U data and the operating current I data, and determines the operating voltage U data, operating current I data, and the preset maximum operating current I of the electric furnace based on these parameters. max The maximum operating voltage U of the electric furnacemax Adjust the operating voltage and current of the electric furnace:

[0049] 0 < H < 0.2H max At that time, adjust the operating voltage of the electric furnace U = (0.95~1)U max The operating current I = (0.65~0.8)I max ;

[0050] 0.2H max ≤H<0.8H max At that time, adjust the operating voltage of the electric furnace U = (0.75~0.95)U max The operating current I = (0.85~1)I max ;

[0051] 0.8H max ≤H<H max At that time, adjust the operating voltage of the electric furnace U = (0.6~0.7)U max The operating current I = (0.5~0.6)I max .

[0052] The smelting method provided in this application is based on the real-time height H of the molten pool and the maximum height H of the molten pool during the titanium slag smelting process. max The relationship, and based on the maximum operating current I of the electric furnace. max The maximum operating voltage U of the electric furnace max The operating voltage U and operating current I of the electric furnace are adjusted in real time. The method provided in this application adjusts the operating current and voltage of the electric furnace according to changes in the molten pool height and the heat transfer requirements at different molten pool heights. This enables efficient utilization of heat, improves smelting stability and efficiency, and increases the yield and quality of titanium slag. Experimental results show that when a 25.5 MVA titanium slag electric furnace uses the method disclosed in this application for titanium slag smelting, the smelting efficiency is increased by 16%, and the power consumption per ton of slag is reduced by 8%.

[0053] The present application will be further described below with reference to the embodiments.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the smelting system provided in the embodiment of this application, wherein 1 is an electric furnace, the top of which is provided with an electrode 12 and the bottom with a slag outlet 11; 2 is a sensor; 3 is a control system; and 4 is a power supply system.

[0056] Electric furnace 1 is used for titanium slag smelting. An electrode 12 is installed at the top for power supply, and a slag outlet 11 is installed at the bottom for slag discharge. The vertical distance between the bottom end face of electrode 12 and the horizontal center line of the slag outlet 11 is the height H of the molten pool during the titanium slag smelting process. After smelting begins, the bottom end face of electrode 12 rises and falls synchronously with the change in the molten pool level. When the bottom end face of electrode 12 is tangent to the horizontal center line of the slag outlet 11, the displacement of the electrode is 0, and the height H of the molten pool is also 0. This state represents the lower limit of the bottom end face's operation. The maximum upward height of the bottom end face of electrode 12, i.e., the maximum distance, is the maximum height H of the molten pool. max H max Due to limitations in electrode travel and furnace height, different electric furnaces vary, but this application does not impose any restrictions on them.

[0057] Sensor 2 is used to collect real-time height H data of the molten pool and send it to the control system. In some specific implementations, the sensor is mounted on electrode 12, for example, on the sleeve of electrode 12, and can move with electrode 12. In this case, sensor 2 is a displacement sensor, which collects the displacement data of electrode 12. This displacement data can be used as the real-time height H data of the molten pool, enabling the acquisition of the real-time height H data of the molten pool in the electric furnace, and sending the real-time height H data to the control system.

[0058] The control system 3 is used to receive the real-time height H data and, based on the real-time height H data and the preset maximum height H of the molten pool... max Based on the relationship between the operating voltage U and operating current I of the electric furnace, the operating voltage U and operating current I data are generated and sent to the power supply system.

[0059] The power supply system 4 is used to supply power to the electric furnace 1, and receives the operating voltage U data and operating current I data, and determines the operating current I based on the operating voltage U data, operating current I data, and the preset maximum operating current I of the electric furnace. max The maximum operating voltage U of the electric furnace max Adjust the operating voltage and current of the electric furnace:

[0060] 0 < H < 0.2H max This period is defined as the low-voltage operating zone, during which a high-voltage, low-current power supply should be used. Preferably, the operating voltage of the electric furnace should be adjusted to U = (0.95~1)U. max The operating current I = (0.65~0.8)I max ;

[0061] 0.2H max ≤H<0.6H maxThis period is defined as the stable operating zone. During this zone, the voltage should be appropriately reduced and the current increased. Preferably, the operating voltage of the electric furnace should be adjusted to U = (0.85~0.95)U. max The operating current I = (0.85~0.95)I max ;

[0062] 0.6H max ≤H<0.8H max This period is defined as the high-level operating zone, during which a low voltage and high current power supply should be used. Preferably, the operating voltage of the electric furnace should be adjusted to U = (0.75~0.85)U. max The operating current I = (0.95~1)I max ;

[0063] 0.8H max ≤H<H max This area is defined as a hazardous operating zone, where a low voltage and low current power supply should be used. Preferably, the operating voltage of the electric furnace should be adjusted to U = (0.6~0.7)U. max The operating current I = (0.5~0.6)I max If the molten pool level continues to rise, power supply can be stopped.

[0064] It should be noted that, except in hazardous operating areas, the current and voltage can be fine-tuned according to the change in molten pool height during each operating stage. During fine-tuning, the voltage is negatively correlated with the change in molten pool height, while the current is positively correlated. The adjustment range should not exceed the stage's limit value.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] Taking a 25.5 MVA titanium slag electric furnace as an example, the smelting steps are as follows:

[0067] (1) Install the displacement sensor on the electrode sleeve. The electrode sleeve moves up and down as a whole with the electrode, so the displacement sensor is stationary relative to the electrode. Manually lower the electrode until the bottom end face of the electrode is tangent to the horizontal line of the center of the slag outlet of the electric furnace. Set the height measured by the displacement sensor at this time to 0, indicating that the height H of the molten pool is 0. At the same time, set this state as the lower limit of the bottom end face of the electrode. Set the upper limit of the electrode operation H according to the equipment conditions. max = 2 meters. Based on the transformer capacity and the safe operation requirements of related electric furnace equipment, the maximum permissible voltage U is... max =370V, maximum current I max =40000A.

[0068] (2) After smelting begins, the electrode is in the low-level operation stage. When the height H of the molten pool reaches 200mm, the operating voltage is set to 370V and the current to 26000A; when the height H of the molten pool reaches 300mm, the operating voltage is set to 360V and the current to 30000A.

[0069] (3) As smelting continues, the amount of material added increases, and the height of the molten pool gradually rises, entering a stable operating stage. When the height of the molten pool H reaches 400mm, the operating voltage is set to 350V and the current to 34000A; when the height of the molten pool H reaches 800mm, the operating voltage is set to 340V and the current to 35000A; when the height of the molten pool H reaches 1000mm, the operating voltage is set to 330V and the current to 37000A.

[0070] (4) When the height of the molten pool H reaches 1200mm, set the operating voltage to 310V and the current to 38000A; when the height of the molten pool H reaches 1400mm, set the operating voltage to 300V and the current to 39000A.

[0071] (5) When the height of the molten pool H reaches 1600mm, set the operating voltage to 250V and the current to 20000A. When the height of the molten pool reaches 1700mm, stop the power supply.

[0072] After using this power supply scheme, the morphology of the slag layer in the electric furnace was stabilized and controlled, such as Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 The images provided in this application embodiment show the morphology of the electric furnace slag layer, where A represents the morphology of the electric furnace slag layer before using the method provided in this embodiment, and B represents the morphology of the electric furnace slag layer after using the method provided in this application embodiment. Figure 2 It is evident that the method provided in this application reduces the thickness of the slag layer, ensuring its stability and normal operation. Furthermore, after using this method, the monthly output of titanium slag increased from 4,350 tons / month to over 5,000 tons / month, smelting efficiency improved by 16%, and power consumption per ton of slag decreased by 8%, demonstrating significant energy-saving, consumption-reducing, and production-increasing effects.

[0073] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for smelting titanium slag, comprising the following steps: obtaining the maximum height H of the bath during the smelting of the titanium slag max , the maximum current I of the electric furnace operation max and the maximum voltage U of the electric furnace operation max ; the maximum height H of the bath max is the maximum distance of the upward movement of the electrode bottom end surface; Adjust the operating voltage U and operating current I of the electric furnace according to the real-time height H of the molten pool: 0 < H < 0.2H max When the H is greater than 0.2H, the operating voltage U of the electric furnace is adjusted to U = (0.95~1)U max , and the operating current I is adjusted to I = (0.65~0.8)I max . 0.2H max ≤H<0.8H max At that time, adjust the operating voltage of the electric furnace U = (0.75~0.95)U max The operating current I = (0.85~1)I max ; 0.8H max ≤H<H max At that time, adjust the operating voltage of the electric furnace U = (0.6~0.7)U max The operating current I = (0.5~0.6)I max ; The real-time height H of the molten pool is the vertical distance from the bottom end face of the electrode to the horizontal line of the center of the slag outlet of the electric furnace.

2. The smelting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, 0.2H max ≤H<0.6H max At that time, adjust the operating voltage of the electric furnace U = (0.85~0.95)U max The operating current I = (0.85~0.95)I max ; 0.6H max ≤H<0.8H max At that time, adjust the operating voltage of the electric furnace U = (0.75~0.85)U max The operating current I = (0.95~1)I max .

3. The smelting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: H≥H max When this happens, the power supply to the electric furnace should be stopped.

4. A titanium slag smelting system, comprising: An electric furnace, wherein electrodes are provided at the top and a slag outlet is provided at the bottom; The sensor is used to obtain real-time height H data of the molten pool inside the electric furnace and send the real-time height H data to the control system; the real-time height H of the molten pool is the vertical distance from the bottom end face of the electrode to the horizontal line of the center of the slag outlet of the electric furnace. The control system receives the real-time height H data and determines the maximum height H of the molten pool based on the real-time height H data and a preset maximum height H of the molten pool. max Based on the relationship between the operating voltage U and operating current I of the electric furnace, the operating voltage U and operating current I data are generated and sent to the power supply system. The maximum height H of the molten pool max This is the maximum distance the bottom end face of the electrode can move upwards. The power supply system receives the operating voltage U data and the operating current I data, and determines the operating voltage U data, operating current I data, and the preset maximum operating current I of the electric furnace based on these parameters. max The maximum operating voltage U of the electric furnace max Adjust the operating voltage and current of the electric furnace: 0 < H < 0.2H max At that time, adjust the operating voltage of the electric furnace U = (0.95~1)U max The operating current I = (0.65~0.8)I max ; 0.2H max ≤H<0.8H max At that time, adjust the operating voltage of the electric furnace U = (0.75~0.95)U max The operating current I = (0.85~1)I max ; 0.8H max ≤H<H max At that time, adjust the operating voltage of the electric furnace U = (0.6~0.7)U max The operating current I = (0.5~0.6)I max .

5. The smelting system according to claim 4, characterized in that, 0.2H max ≤H<0.6H max At that time, adjust the operating voltage of the electric furnace U = (0.85~0.95)U max The operating current I = (0.85~0.95)I max ; 0.6H max ≤H<0.8H max At that time, adjust the operating voltage of the electric furnace U = (0.75~0.85)U max The operating current I = (0.95~1)I max .

6. The smelting system according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The sensor is mounted on the electrode.

7. The smelting system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sensor is a displacement sensor, used to obtain displacement data of the electrodes.

Images