A dust removal and filtration device for coal mine ventilation

Abstract

The application is suitable for the technical field of coal mining, and provides a dust removal and filtration device for coal mine ventilation, which comprises a dust removal box body arranged on one side of a fan for coal mine ventilation, the inside of the dust removal box body is divided into a filtering cavity and a purification cavity by a first partition plate, an airflow guiding and primary dust removal assembly, the airflow guiding and primary dust removal assembly comprises a spiral airflow guiding shaft, an annular nozzle and a spray head, and the spiral airflow guiding shaft is rotatably installed in the air inlet pipe through a bearing. The dust removal and filtration device for coal mine ventilation provided by the scheme realizes multi-stage purification of dust-containing airflow, reduces the influence of dust on equipment and personnel, has the characteristics of temperature control and water saving, meets the actual needs of coal mine ventilation and dust removal, and solves the problem that a large number of dust particles are always entrained in the air flow during the operation of the current coal mine ventilation system, which affects the health of personnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of coal mining technology, and in particular relates to a dust removal and filtration device for coal mine ventilation. Background Technology

[0002] In coal mining operations, the underground ventilation system is a core infrastructure to ensure operational safety and personnel health. Its core operating logic is to use the main ventilation fans and local ventilation fans set up on the ground or underground, along with a ventilation duct network composed of air ducts and air channels, to deliver fresh air to various working faces underground (such as fully mechanized mining faces and tunneling faces), and to discharge polluted air containing dust and harmful gases from the mine.

[0003] However, during the operation of coal mine ventilation systems, the airflow drawn by fans always carries a large amount of dust particles. This dust not only accelerates the wear and tear on ventilation ducts, fan blades, and other equipment, shortening their service life, but more importantly, it poses a serious threat to the health of underground workers. Long-term inhalation of dusty air can easily lead to irreversible occupational diseases such as pneumoconiosis, severely affecting workers' ability to work and their quality of life. Therefore, efficient purification of dust in ventilation airflow has become a critical issue that urgently needs to be addressed in coal mine safety production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a dust removal and filtration device for coal mine ventilation, aiming to solve the problem mentioned in the background art that the airflow drawn into the current coal mine ventilation system always carries a large amount of dust particles, which affects the health of personnel.

[0005] This invention is implemented as follows: a dust removal and filtration device for coal mine ventilation, comprising: a dust removal box disposed on one side of a ventilation fan in a coal mine, the interior of which is divided into a filtration chamber and a purification chamber by a first partition; an airflow guiding and primary dust removal assembly, the assembly including a spiral guide shaft, an annular nozzle, and nozzles, the spiral guide shaft being rotatably mounted inside an air inlet pipe via bearings, the annular nozzle being arranged around the outside of the air inlet pipe, a plurality of nozzles being fixedly connected to the annular nozzle, with the spraying ends of the nozzles facing the air inlet pipe, and a plurality of air outlet holes being provided on the air inlet pipe; a multi-stage filtration mechanism disposed within the filtration chamber; a transmission mechanism disposed on the dust removal box for driving the spiral guide shaft to rotate; and a water circulation mechanism disposed on one side of the dust removal box for supplying water to the annular nozzle.

[0006] Preferably, the multi-stage filtration mechanism includes: a waterproof and breathable membrane plate, a second partition plate, an mounting cylinder, and a HEPA filter; a grooved plate is fixed to the inner wall of the bottom of the dust collection box; the waterproof and breathable membrane plate is embedded between the grooved plate and the limiting groove of the first partition plate; the second partition plate is fixed in the purification chamber; the mounting cylinder is rotatably mounted on the second partition plate through a sealed bearing; and the HEPA filter is inserted into the slot of the mounting cylinder.

[0007] Preferably, the transmission mechanism includes: a motor fixed to the dust collector housing; a first transmission rod rotatably mounted on the dust collector housing via a sealed bearing, the bottom end of the first transmission rod extending into the filter chamber; a first bevel gear meshing with each other fixed on the motor output shaft and the first transmission rod; a protective shell fixed to the first partition; a second transmission rod rotatably mounted on the protective shell via a sealed bearing, one end of the second transmission rod extending into the air inlet pipe; a second bevel gear meshing with each other fixed on the first transmission rod and the second transmission rod; a third bevel gear meshing with each other fixed on the second transmission rod and the spiral guide shaft; a third transmission rod rotatably mounted on the first partition via a sealed bearing; a fourth bevel gear meshing with each other fixed on the first transmission rod and the third transmission rod; a mounting plate fixed to one side of the first partition; a first rotating rod rotatably mounted on the mounting plate via a bearing, the bottom end of the first rotating rod being fixedly connected to the mounting cylinder; a fifth bevel gear meshing with each other fixed on the first rotating rod and the third transmission rod.

[0008] Preferably, the water circulation mechanism includes: a water storage tank disposed on one side of the dust collector housing; a water pump disposed on one side of the water storage tank, the water pump inlet being connected to the water storage tank via a pumping pipe; the water pump outlet being connected to the annular spray pipe via an outlet pipe; a sedimentation tank disposed on one side of the dust collector housing, the sedimentation tank being connected to the filter chamber via a conduit, and the conduit being equipped with a one-way valve; and a return pipe fixedly connecting the sedimentation tank and the water storage tank.

[0009] Preferably, the water circulation mechanism further includes: a third partition disposed in the sedimentation tank to divide it into multi-stage treatment zones; a mesh box and a mesh plate disposed in the sedimentation tank, the mesh box being filled with filter media; a germicidal lamp disposed in the treatment zone; and a connecting pipe fixedly connected to the third partition.

[0010] Preferably, a sewage pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sedimentation tank, and a first valve is installed on the sewage pipe.

[0011] Preferably, an air jet pipe is provided inside the mounting cylinder, and the air inlet end of the air jet pipe extends out of the dust collection box body for connecting to an air supply device. An exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the purification chamber, and a solenoid valve is provided on the exhaust pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the water tank has a water inlet at the top, a stopper is installed inside the water inlet, a pull ring is fixedly installed on the top of the stopper, a water exchange pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the water tank, and a water valve is installed on the water exchange pipe.

[0013] Preferably, a first air outlet and a second air outlet are provided on one side of the dust removal box. A three-way pipe is fixedly connected to the first air outlet. A first connecting pipe and a second connecting pipe are fixedly connected to the three-way pipe. The first connecting pipe is used to connect to the air inlet of the fan. The air inlet of the second connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the second air outlet.

[0014] Preferably, the sedimentation tank has at least two third baffles, and the connecting pipes of adjacent third baffles are staggered. The filter media in the mesh cage is a mixture of quartz sand and activated carbon.

[0015] Compared with related technologies, the dust removal and filtration device for coal mine ventilation provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The efficient purification and functional adaptation of coal mine ventilation airflow are achieved through the coordinated operation of multiple components: First, the airflow guiding and primary dust removal components work in conjunction with the water circulation mechanism to complete primary dust removal through full contact between water mist and spiral airflow, followed by multi-stage treatment in the sedimentation tank to achieve water resource recycling, reducing the initial dust content while lowering energy consumption; Second, the multi-stage filtration mechanism is linked with the transmission mechanism, with a waterproof and breathable membrane plate intercepting water vapor to protect the HEPA filter, and the mounting cylinder driving the HEPA filter to rotate, improving the efficiency of fine dust capture. The transmission mechanism uses a single motor to drive multiple components, simplifying the structure and ensuring stable operation; Third, the airflow switching and temperature control components work in conjunction with the fan blade transmission structure to switch between normal temperature air and hot air according to underground needs, and the fan blades enhance airflow delivery efficiency to adapt to different temperature scenarios; Fourth, the insect prevention and cleaning components and the waterproof and breathable membrane plate cleaning structure rely on the existing transmission to achieve automatic cleaning, reducing manual maintenance, while components such as sewage pipes and water exchange pipes ensure the long-term stable operation of the system. It achieves multi-stage purification of dust-laden airflow, reduces the impact of dust on equipment and personnel, and has features such as temperature control and water saving, meeting the actual needs of ventilation and dust removal in coal mines. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a dust removal and filtration device for coal mine ventilation provided by the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of a dust removal and filtration device for coal mine ventilation provided by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 2 An enlarged structural diagram of part A shown in the figure;

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 2 An enlarged structural diagram of part B shown in the figure;

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 2 An enlarged structural diagram of section C shown in the figure;

[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 2 An enlarged structural diagram of part D shown in the figure;

[0023] Figure 7 for Figure 2 An enlarged structural diagram of part E shown in the figure;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting cylinder in this invention;

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wire mesh cage in this invention;

[0026] Figure 10 This is a rear view structural schematic diagram of a dust removal and filtration device for coal mine ventilation provided by the present invention.

[0027] Reference numerals: 1. Fan; 2. Dust collector housing; 3. Air inlet pipe; 4. Insect screen; 5. Spiral guide shaft; 6. Annular spray pipe; 7. Nozzle; 8. Air outlet; 9. T-connector; 10. First connecting pipe; 11. Second connecting pipe; 12. First partition; 13. Grooved plate; 14. Waterproof and breathable membrane plate; 15. Second partition; 16. Mounting cylinder; 17. HEPA filter; 18. Motor; 19. First transmission rod; 20. First conical tooth; 21. Protective shell; 22. Second transmission rod; 23. Second conical tooth; 24. Third conical tooth; 25. Third transmission rod; 26. Fourth conical tooth; 27. Mounting plate; 28. First rotating rod; 29. ​​Fifth conical tooth; 30. Water storage tank; 31. Water pump; 32. Water suction pipe; 33. Water outlet pipe; 34. First air outlet; 35. Second air outlet 36. Baffle; 37. Electric telescopic rod; 38. Electric heating element; 39. Sedimentation tank; 40. Conduit; 41. One-way valve; 42. Third partition; 43. Connecting pipe; 44. Mesh plate; 45. Mesh cage; 46. Return pipe; 47. Sewage pipe; 48. First valve; 49. Germicidal lamp; 50. Water replacement pipe; 51. First assembly plate; 52. Second rotating rod; 53. Fan blade; 54. Connecting plate; 55. Bracket; 56. First spline rod; 57. Second spline rod; 58. Spline sleeve; 59. Jet pipe; 60. Mounting shell; 61. Second assembly plate; 62. Third rotating rod; 63. Fourth transmission rod; 64. Sixth bevel gear; 65. Seventh bevel gear; 66. First brush plate; 67. Protective plate; 68. Fourth rotating rod; 69. Second brush plate; 70. Eighth bevel gear; 71. Discharge pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0028] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0029] This invention provides a dust removal and filtration device for coal mine ventilation, such as... Figure 1-10As shown, the dust removal and filtration device for coal mine ventilation includes: a dust removal box 2 installed on one side of the fan 1 used for coal mine ventilation, the dust removal box 2 being divided into a filtration chamber and a purification chamber by a first partition 12; an airflow guiding and primary dust removal assembly, the airflow guiding and primary dust removal assembly including a spiral guide shaft 5, an annular nozzle 6 and nozzles 7, the spiral guide shaft 5 being rotatably mounted in the air inlet pipe 3 via bearings, the annular nozzle 6 being arranged around the outside of the air inlet pipe 3, a plurality of nozzles 7 being fixedly connected to the annular nozzle 6, and the spraying end of the nozzles 7 being arranged facing the air inlet pipe 3, the air inlet pipe 3 having a plurality of air outlet holes 8; a multi-stage filtration mechanism installed in the filtration chamber; a transmission mechanism installed on the dust removal box 2 for driving the spiral guide shaft 5 to rotate; and a water circulation mechanism installed on one side of the dust removal box 2 for supplying water to the annular nozzle 6.

[0030] In this embodiment, when the ventilation fan 1 for coal mine starts, the dust-laden airflow enters the air inlet pipe 3 connected to the dust collector 2. At this time, the transmission mechanism drives the spiral guide shaft 5 to rotate inside the air inlet pipe 3. The spiral guide shaft 5 drives the airflow to form a spiral flow state inside the air inlet pipe 3, prolonging the residence time of the airflow inside the air inlet pipe 3. At the same time, the water circulation mechanism supplies water to the annular spray pipe 6 surrounding the outside of the air inlet pipe 3. Several nozzles 7 on the annular spray pipe 6 spray water mist into the air inlet pipe 3. The water mist comes into full contact with the spiral flow of dust-laden airflow, so that some dust particles combine with the water mist and settle. The airflow after preliminary purification enters the filter chamber inside the dust collector 2 through the air outlet 8 on the air inlet pipe 3.

[0031] The airflow entering the filtration chamber comes into contact with the multi-stage filtration mechanism, which further filters the dust particles remaining in the airflow. During this process, the transmission mechanism operates continuously, which not only drives the spiral guide shaft 5 to rotate, but also provides auxiliary support for the stable operation of the multi-stage filtration mechanism, ensuring that the multi-stage filtration mechanism maintains a good filtration state during the filtration process. The airflow after being processed by the multi-stage filtration mechanism enters the purification chamber separated by the first partition 12 in the dust collector 2 for subsequent purification treatment.

[0032] While supplying water to the annular nozzle 6, the water circulation mechanism collects and treats the wastewater generated after spraying. The treated water can be reused to supply water to the annular nozzle 6, realizing the recycling of water resources. When the device is running continuously, the transmission mechanism, airflow guide and primary dust removal components, multi-stage filtration mechanism and water circulation mechanism work together to form a continuous dust removal and filtration process, so that the dust-laden airflow drawn by the fan 1 can continuously pass through primary dust removal, multi-stage filtration and other treatment steps, and finally be discharged after purification through the purification chamber.

[0033] The spiral guide shaft 5 drives the airflow in a spiral motion, which, combined with the water mist sprayed by the nozzle 7, increases the contact probability between the water mist and dust particles, improving the initial dust removal effect and reducing the filtration burden on subsequent multi-stage filtration mechanisms. The transmission mechanism simultaneously drives the spiral guide shaft 5 and the auxiliary multi-stage filtration mechanism, simplifying the drive structure of the device, reducing the overall complexity of the device, and facilitating installation and maintenance. The water circulation mechanism realizes the recycling of water resources, reducing water consumption during device operation and lowering the operating cost of coal mine ventilation and dust removal. At the same time, the cooperation between the multi-stage filtration mechanism and the initial dust removal components improves the overall purification effect on dust-laden airflow, helps reduce the wear of dust on ventilation ducts and fan blades, and provides a cleaner air environment for underground workers.

[0034] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the multi-stage filtration mechanism includes: a waterproof and breathable membrane plate 14, a second partition plate 15, an mounting cylinder 16, and a HEPA filter 17; a grooved plate 13 is fixed to the inner wall of the bottom of the dust collection box 2; the waterproof and breathable membrane plate 14 is embedded between the grooved plate 13 and the limiting groove of the first partition plate 12; the second partition plate 15 is fixed in the purification chamber; the mounting cylinder 16 is rotatably mounted on the second partition plate 15 through a sealed bearing; and the HEPA filter 17 is inserted into the slot of the mounting cylinder 16.

[0035] In this embodiment, the airflow entering the filter chamber of the dust collector 2 through the air inlet duct 3 and the air outlet 8 first comes into contact with the waterproof and breathable membrane plate 14 embedded between the groove plate 13 and the limiting groove of the first partition plate 12. The water vapor in the airflow is intercepted by the waterproof and breathable membrane plate 14, preventing water vapor from entering the subsequent purification process and affecting the operation of the components. At the same time, the waterproof and breathable membrane plate 14 allows the airflow to pass through and initially blocks some of the dust particles remaining in the airflow. After being treated by the waterproof and breathable membrane plate 14, the airflow flows towards the purification chamber, ready to enter the next filtration process.

[0036] The airflow entering the purification chamber encounters a second partition 15 fixed within the chamber, and a mounting cylinder 16 rotatably mounted on the second partition 15 via a sealed bearing. With the indirect assistance of a transmission mechanism, the mounting cylinder 16 rotates slowly, causing the HEPA filter 17, inserted into its slot, to rotate synchronously. The rotating HEPA filter 17 creates relative motion with the airflow, increasing the contact area between them. Fine dust particles in the airflow are effectively captured by the HEPA filter 17, achieving deep filtration. The filtered airflow is then temporarily stored within the purification chamber before being discharged.

[0037] During continuous operation of the device, the waterproof and breathable membrane 14 continuously intercepts moisture and some dust, and the mounting cylinder 16 drives the HEPA filter 17 to rotate to maintain a high-efficiency filtration state. When the HEPA filter 17 needs to be replaced, it can be directly removed from the slot of the mounting cylinder 16 without disassembling other parts, making the operation convenient. Since the waterproof and breathable membrane 14 is embedded between the groove plate 13 and the limiting groove of the first partition plate 12, subsequent cleaning or replacement can also be completed by simple disassembly, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the multi-stage filtration mechanism and forming a complete purification process in conjunction with the primary dust removal component.

[0038] The waterproof and breathable membrane 14 not only intercepts moisture in the airflow, protecting components such as the HEPA filter 17 inside the purification chamber from dampness, but also provides initial dust blocking, reducing the filtration pressure on the HEPA filter 17 and extending its service life. The mounting cylinder 16 rotates the HEPA filter 17, increasing the contact area between the filter and the airflow, improving the capture efficiency of fine dust, and resulting in more uniform filtration compared to a fixed filter. The insert-type design of the HEPA filter 17 and the embedded design of the waterproof and breathable membrane 14 simplify the replacement and maintenance process of components, reducing the need for additional equipment. This design minimizes downtime for maintenance, reduces the workload of maintenance personnel, and ensures the continuity of ventilation and dust removal operations in coal mines. The HEPA filter is an H13-grade high-efficiency air filter (compliant with EN1822 standards), which can efficiently intercept fine dust and meet the filtration requirements for harmful dust in coal mine ventilation and dust removal. It adopts a folded design, combined with corrosion-resistant frames and seals, to ensure compatibility with the mounting cylinder slot and prevent airflow leakage. It can withstand the common temperature and humidity environment in underground coal mines, avoiding the impact of environmental factors on filtration performance. It has a regular cleaning and replacement cycle and supports determining the replacement time through differential pressure, adapting to the equipment's operation and maintenance needs.

[0039] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the transmission mechanism includes: a motor 18 fixed to the dust collector housing 2; a first transmission rod 19 rotatably mounted on the dust collector housing 2 via a sealed bearing, the bottom end of the first transmission rod 19 extending into the filter chamber; first bevel teeth 20 meshing with each other fixed on the output shaft of the motor 18 and the first transmission rod 19 respectively; a protective shell 21 fixed to the first partition 12; a second transmission rod 22 rotatably mounted on the protective shell 21 via a sealed bearing, one end of the second transmission rod 22 extending into the air inlet pipe 3; and first transmission rod 19 and the second transmission rod 22 respectively fixed with... The second bevel teeth 23 mesh with each other; the second transmission rod 22 and the spiral guide shaft 5 are respectively fixed with meshing third bevel teeth 24; the third transmission rod 25 is rotatably mounted on the first partition plate 12 through a sealed bearing; the first transmission rod 19 and the third transmission rod 25 are respectively fixed with meshing fourth bevel teeth 26; the mounting plate 27 is fixed on one side of the first partition plate 12; the first rotating rod 28 is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate 27 through a bearing, and the bottom end of the first rotating rod 28 is fixedly connected to the mounting cylinder 16; the first rotating rod 28 and the third transmission rod 25 are respectively fixed with meshing fifth bevel teeth 29.

[0040] In this embodiment, when the device is started, the motor 18 fixed on the dust collector housing 2 begins to work, and the output shaft of the motor 18 drives the first bevel gear 20 fixed on it to rotate. Since the first bevel gear 20 on the output shaft of the motor 18 meshes with the first bevel gear 20 on the first transmission rod 19, the rotating first bevel gear 20 drives the first transmission rod 19 to rotate synchronously. The first transmission rod 19 is rotatably mounted on the dust collector housing 2 through a sealed bearing, and its bottom end extends into the filter chamber. During rotation, the sealed bearing ensures the sealing of the inside of the dust collector housing 2, avoids airflow leakage, and provides a basis for subsequent power transmission.

[0041] The rotating first transmission rod 19 drives the second bevel tooth 23 and the fourth bevel tooth 26 fixed on it to rotate synchronously. On one hand, the second bevel tooth 23 meshes with the second bevel tooth 23 on the second transmission rod 22, driving the second transmission rod 22 to rotate. The second transmission rod 22 is rotatably mounted on the protective shell 21 fixed to the first partition 12 through a sealed bearing, with one end extending into the air inlet pipe 3. The third bevel tooth 24 on the second transmission rod 22 meshes with the third bevel tooth 24 on the spiral guide shaft 5, ultimately driving the spiral guide shaft 5 to rotate in the air inlet pipe 3. On the other hand, the fourth bevel tooth 26 meshes with the fourth bevel tooth 26 on the third transmission rod 25, driving the third transmission rod 25 to rotate. The third transmission rod 25 is rotatably mounted on the first partition 12 through a sealed bearing. Its rotation drives the fifth bevel tooth 29 on it, which in turn meshes with the fifth bevel tooth 29 on the first rotating rod 28, causing the first rotating rod 28 to rotate on the mounting plate 27 fixed to one side of the first partition 12. The bottom end of the first rotating rod 28 is fixedly connected to the mounting cylinder 16, ultimately driving the mounting cylinder 16 to rotate.

[0042] During continuous operation of the transmission mechanism, the protective shell 21 fixed to the first partition 12 shields and protects the second transmission rod 22 and related bevel gear structures, preventing dust and moisture in the filter chamber from adhering to the surface of the transmission components and affecting transmission accuracy and component lifespan. Simultaneously, each transmission rod cooperates with the dust collector 2, the first partition 12, and the protective shell 21 through sealed bearings, ensuring the device's sealing during power transmission. Furthermore, the meshing of the bevel gears forms a stable power transmission path, ensuring that the rotational speeds of the spiral guide shaft 5 and the mounting cylinder 16 remain compatible, guaranteeing the coordinated operation of airflow guidance, initial dust removal, and multi-stage filtration.

[0043] Power is provided by a single motor 18, which transmits power through multiple sets of bevel gears and transmission rods, simultaneously driving the spiral guide shaft 5 and the mounting cylinder 16. This simplifies the power system structure of the device, reduces the number of independent drive components, and lowers the overall energy consumption and manufacturing cost of the device. The protective shell 21 effectively protects the transmission components, reduces the erosion of the transmission structure by dust and moisture, extends the service life of the transmission mechanism, and improves the stability of the device's operation. The cooperation between each transmission rod and the sealed bearing ensures the sealing of the dust collector 2, preventing the leakage of unpurified airflow. At the same time, the meshing transmission of each bevel gear makes the power transmission smoother, which helps to maintain the stability of the rotation of the spiral guide shaft 5 and the mounting cylinder 16.

[0044] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water circulation mechanism includes: a water storage tank 30 disposed on one side of the dust removal box 2; a water pump 31 disposed on one side of the water storage tank 30, the water inlet of the water pump 31 being connected to the water storage tank 30 via a water pumping pipe 32; the water outlet of the water pump 31 being connected to the annular spray pipe 6 via a water outlet pipe 33; a sedimentation tank 39 disposed on one side of the dust removal box 2, the sedimentation tank 39 being connected to the filter chamber via a conduit 40, and a one-way valve 41 being provided on the conduit 40; and a return pipe 46 fixedly connecting the sedimentation tank 39 and the water storage tank 30.

[0045] In this embodiment, when the device performs initial dust removal, the water pump 31 located on one side of the water storage tank 30 is started. The water pump 31 draws dust-suppressing water from the water storage tank 30 through the water inlet pipe 32. After being pressurized by the water pump 31, the water is transported to the annular spray pipe 6 surrounding the air inlet pipe 3 through the water outlet pipe 33 connected to the water outlet of the water pump 31. After the water flows into the annular spray pipe 6, it is sprayed into the air inlet pipe 3 through several nozzles 7 on the annular spray pipe 6, providing water mist for airflow guidance and initial dust removal components, thereby achieving preliminary dust removal treatment of the dust-laden airflow.

[0046] During the initial dust removal process, the water mist sprayed by nozzle 7 combines with dust to form wastewater, which gradually collects within the filtration chamber. The collected wastewater flows through a conduit 40 connected to the filtration chamber into a sedimentation tank 39 located on one side of the dust collector housing 2. A one-way valve 41 on the conduit 40 prevents wastewater from flowing back into the filtration chamber, ensuring a stable unidirectional flow of wastewater into the sedimentation tank 39. The wastewater entering the sedimentation tank 39 settles, allowing dust particles to gradually settle, achieving initial separation of wastewater and dust, preparing for subsequent water resource recycling.

[0047] After initial sedimentation and separation in the sedimentation tank 39, the clarified treated water flows back to the storage tank 30 through the return pipe 46, which is fixedly connected between the sedimentation tank 39 and the storage tank 30. The treated water returning to the storage tank 30 can be used again as dust suppression water, pumped by the water pump 31 and transported to the annular spray pipe 6 to participate in the next round of initial dust removal. Through this process, the water circulation mechanism realizes the recovery, treatment, and recycling of dust suppression water, reducing the continuous consumption of fresh water resources and also reducing the environmental pressure caused by wastewater discharge.

[0048] With the cooperation of water pump 31, water suction pipe 32, and water discharge pipe 33, water can be stably supplied to the annular spray pipe 6, ensuring that the nozzle 7 continuously generates water mist, providing a stable water source for primary dust removal and ensuring the consistency of the primary dust removal effect. The sedimentation tank 39 and the one-way valve 41 can effectively collect wastewater in the filter chamber and prevent backflow. At the same time, the wastewater is initially purified through sedimentation, avoiding resource waste and pollution caused by direct discharge of wastewater. The return pipe 46 guides the treated water from the sedimentation tank 39 back to the water storage tank 30, forming a complete water circulation process, which greatly reduces the consumption of fresh water during the operation of the device and reduces the operating cost of ventilation and dust removal in coal mines.

[0049] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water circulation mechanism further includes: a third partition 42 disposed in the sedimentation tank 39 for dividing it into multi-stage treatment zones; a mesh box 45 and a mesh plate 44 disposed in the sedimentation tank 39, wherein the mesh box 45 is filled with filter media; a germicidal lamp 49 disposed in the treatment zone; and a connecting pipe 43 fixedly connected to the third partition 42.

[0050] In this embodiment, when the wastewater from the filtration chamber flows into the sedimentation tank 39 through the conduit 40, it first enters the first-stage treatment zone separated by the third baffle 42 because the sedimentation tank 39 is equipped with a third baffle 42. After initial settling in the first-stage treatment zone, the wastewater flows sequentially into the subsequent multi-stage treatment zones through the connecting pipe 43 fixedly connected to the third baffle 42. The connecting pipe 43 guides the wastewater to flow along a preset path, avoiding disorderly mixing of wastewater in the sedimentation tank 39, ensuring that each stage of treatment can treat the wastewater specifically, laying the foundation for subsequent deep purification.

[0051] After entering each treatment zone, the wastewater first comes into contact with the screen plates 44 installed in the treatment zone. The screen plates 44 intercept larger particulate impurities in the wastewater that have not completely settled. Subsequently, the wastewater flows through the mesh boxes 45 placed on the screen plates 44. The filter media (such as quartz sand, activated carbon, etc.) filled in the mesh boxes 45 adsorb and filter fine suspended solids and some soluble impurities in the wastewater. Through the initial interception by the screen plates 44 and the deep purification by the filter media in the mesh boxes 45, the impurity content in the wastewater is further reduced, the wastewater purification effect is improved, and the treated water quality better meets the requirements for recycling.

[0052] As the wastewater flows through the multi-stage treatment zone, the germicidal lamps 49 installed in the sedimentation tank 39 operate continuously. The ultraviolet light generated by the germicidal lamps 49 kills any bacteria and microorganisms that may be present in the wastewater. This sterilization process by the germicidal lamps 49 reduces the number of harmful microorganisms in the wastewater, preventing them from multiplying and attaching to components such as the nozzles 7 and annular spray pipes 6 during the circulation process, thus preventing clogging or contamination. After the wastewater has undergone staged filtration and sterilization, it finally flows back to the storage tank 30 through the return pipe 46 for the next round of dust suppression operations.

[0053] The multi-stage treatment structure constructed by the third baffle 42 and the connecting pipe 43 enables wastewater to flow in stages and be purified step by step. Compared with single-stage sedimentation, the purification effect is more significant, and the impurity content in the treated water is greatly reduced, reducing wear and clogging of components such as nozzles 7 and water pumps 31. The combination of the filter media of the mesh plate 44 and the mesh box 45 performs deep filtration of wastewater, further removing fine impurities and soluble pollutants, improving the quality of circulating water, ensuring the cleanliness of the water mist during the initial dust removal, and avoiding secondary pollution. The sterilization lamp 49 effectively controls the number of microorganisms in the wastewater, maintains the cleanliness of the circulating water system, extends the service life of the device components, and ensures that the circulating water meets environmental protection and safety standards, thereby improving the reliability and sustainability of the device operation.

[0054] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, a sewage pipe 47 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sedimentation tank 39, and a first valve 48 is provided on the sewage pipe 47.

[0055] In this embodiment, during the long-term wastewater treatment process, dust particles and impurities in the wastewater will gradually accumulate at the bottom of the sedimentation tank 39 to form sediment. When the sedimentation tank 39 has been running for a period of time (such as when the sediment thickness at the bottom of the tank reaches a preset value during regular inspections, or when the wastewater treatment efficiency decreases significantly), the sediment needs to be cleaned. At this time, the operation of the water pump 31 in the water circulation mechanism is first suspended to prevent wastewater from continuously flowing into the sedimentation tank 39. At the same time, the one-way valve 41 on the conduit 40 is closed to prevent wastewater from continuing to enter the filtration chamber, thus preparing for subsequent sewage discharge operations.

[0056] After completing the preparations, the operator manually opens the first valve 48 fixed to the drain pipe 47. Since the drain pipe 47 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sedimentation tank 39, the sediment deposited in the sedimentation tank 39 will be discharged through the drain pipe 47 along with a small amount of residual wastewater under the influence of gravity. During the discharge process, the outflow from the drain pipe 47 can be observed. When the discharged water gradually becomes clear and no obvious sediment is discharged, it indicates that the sediment at the bottom of the sedimentation tank 39 has been basically cleaned, providing a basis for subsequently closing the valve.

[0057] Once it is confirmed that the sediment at the bottom of the sedimentation tank 39 has been cleaned, the operator closes the first valve 48 to block the passage of the sewage pipe 47. Then, the one-way valve 41 on the conduit 40 is opened, and the water pump 31 is restarted to restore the water circulation mechanism to normal operation. Wastewater can flow back into the sedimentation tank 39 for treatment. The treated water flows back to the water storage tank 30 through the return pipe 46 to continue to provide water for the initial dust removal operation, ensuring the continuity of the overall dust removal process of the device.

[0058] The installation of the drain pipe 47 and the first valve 48 allows for the periodic cleaning of sediment at the bottom of the sedimentation tank 39, preventing excessive sediment accumulation that could occupy the effective volume of the sedimentation tank 39 and ensuring that the sedimentation tank 39 always maintains sufficient processing space to maintain wastewater treatment efficiency. Drainage can be completed simply by opening the first valve 48, making operation simple and convenient without disassembling the sedimentation tank 39, reducing the workload of maintenance personnel and shortening downtime for equipment maintenance. Timely discharge of sediment prevents it from flowing into the return pipe 46 and the water storage tank 30 with the treated water, preventing blockage of the return pipe 46 and water pollution in the water storage tank 30, ensuring the stable operation of all components of the water circulation system, and extending the overall service life of the equipment.

[0059] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, an air jet pipe 59 is provided inside the mounting cylinder 16, and the air inlet end of the air jet pipe 59 extends out of the dust removal box 2 for connecting to an air supply device. An exhaust pipe 71 is fixedly connected to one side of the purification chamber, and an electromagnetic valve is provided on the exhaust pipe 71.

[0060] In this embodiment, when the HEPA filter 17 becomes heavily dusty after prolonged use, leading to decreased filtration efficiency or increased airflow resistance in the purification chamber, it needs to be cleaned. First, the operation of the fan 1 is paused to prevent dust-laden airflow from continuing to enter the purification chamber. Then, the air inlet of the jet pipe 59, extending out of the dust collector 2, is connected to an external air supply device (such as a high-pressure air pump). Simultaneously, the solenoid valve on the discharge pipe 71, which is fixedly connected to one side of the purification chamber, is opened via controller or manual operation to provide a passage for the discharge of dust-laden gas generated during the cleaning process, ensuring stable air pressure inside the purification chamber during cleaning.

[0061] After preparation, the external air supply equipment is activated, and high-pressure gas enters the mounting cylinder 16 through the jet pipe 59. Since a HEPA filter 17 is inserted inside the mounting cylinder 16, the high-pressure gas ejected from the jet pipe 59 directly acts on the surface of the HEPA filter 17, blowing off the dust particles adhering to it. During this process, the mounting cylinder 16 can rotate slowly (indirectly driven by a transmission mechanism), ensuring that the gas ejected from the jet pipe 59 acts evenly on different areas of the HEPA filter 17, reducing cleaning dead zones. The dust-laden airflow formed by the mixture of blown-off dust and high-pressure gas is discharged from the purification chamber through the open exhaust pipe 71, preventing secondary dust deposition within the purification chamber.

[0062] When a significant reduction in dust content is observed in the gas discharged from the exhaust pipe 71 (e.g., through visual observation or detection by a dust concentration sensor), it indicates that the cleaning of the HEPA filter 17 is essentially complete. At this point, first, shut off the external air supply equipment and disconnect the jet pipe 59 from the air supply equipment; then, close the solenoid valve on the exhaust pipe 71 to block the exhaust path; finally, restart the fan 1 and other components of the device to restore the dust removal and filtration device to normal operation, and the HEPA filter 17 will continue to filter the airflow entering the purification chamber to ensure subsequent purification effects.

[0063] The jet pipe 59 allows for direct cleaning of the HEPA filter 17 inside the mounting cylinder 16 without removing the HEPA filter 17 from the device, reducing the risk of damage during filter removal and installation, extending the replacement cycle of the HEPA filter 17, and lowering maintenance costs. The discharge pipe 71, in conjunction with the solenoid valve, can promptly discharge the dust-laden airflow generated during cleaning from the purification chamber, preventing dust from re-adhering to the HEPA filter 17 or the inner wall of the purification chamber, ensuring cleaning effectiveness and the internal environment of the purification chamber. The cleaning process does not require prolonged shutdown for disassembly, making it convenient and time-efficient, which helps reduce downtime caused by filter cleaning and ensures the continuity of ventilation and dust removal operations in coal mines.

[0064] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, a water inlet is provided on the top of the water storage tank 30, a plug is provided inside the water inlet, a pull ring is fixedly installed on the top of the plug, and a water exchange pipe 50 is fixedly connected to one side of the water storage tank 30, and a water valve is provided on the water exchange pipe 50.

[0065] In this embodiment, when the water level in the water storage tank 30 drops to a preset value due to circulation (e.g., detected by a level sensor or observed by observing the level scale), a water replenishment operation is required. First, the operator holds the pull ring fixed to the top of the cap and pulls it upward to remove the cap from the water inlet at the top of the water storage tank 30. Then, fresh clean water is injected into the water storage tank 30 through the water inlet. During the injection process, the level indicator of the water storage tank 30 can be observed to prevent water from overflowing. When the water level reaches a suitable height, the water injection is stopped, and the cap is put back into the water inlet to complete the water replenishment of the water storage tank 30, ensuring the subsequent water supply needs of the water circulation mechanism.

[0066] When the circulating water in the water storage tank 30 becomes noticeably turbid or has an increased impurity content after prolonged use (e.g., periodic testing reveals that water quality indicators do not meet usage requirements), a water change operation is necessary. First, shut off the water pump 31 to prevent the water circulation mechanism from continuing to operate. Then, the operator opens the water valve on the water change pipe 50, which is fixedly connected to one side of the water storage tank 30. The old water in the water storage tank 30 is discharged through the water change pipe 50 under gravity. After the old water is mostly drained, close the water valve on the water change pipe 50, open the cap according to the water replenishment procedure, and inject fresh clean water through the water inlet. After completing the water change, replace the cap, restart the water pump 31, and resume the operation of the water circulation mechanism.

[0067] During the daily operation of the device, the plug can be opened periodically via the pull ring to observe the water quality in the water storage tank 30. If floating impurities are found on the water surface or the water is slightly turbid, a partial water change can be performed in time (open the water valve to drain some old water and then add new water). At the same time, check the fit between the plug and the water inlet to ensure that the plug is tightly embedded in the water inlet to prevent dust and impurities from entering the water storage tank 30 through the water inlet and contaminating the water quality. The water change pipe 50 and water valve need to be checked regularly for leaks. If any abnormalities are found, they should be repaired or replaced in time to ensure the stable and reliable water replenishment and water change functions of the water storage tank 30.

[0068] The combination of the water inlet, cap, and pull ring makes water replenishment of the water tank 30 simple and convenient. Water can be quickly replenished without disassembling the complex structure, ensuring that the water circulation mechanism will not be affected by water shortage in the initial dust removal operation. The water replacement pipe 50 and water valve can periodically drain the old water in the water tank 30, avoiding the accumulation of impurities and deterioration of water quality due to long-term use of circulating water. This prevents the nozzle 7 from clogging and the water pump 31 from wearing out, ensuring the effectiveness of the initial dust removal and the lifespan of the device components. The overall structural design facilitates daily maintenance and inspection, enabling timely detection and handling of water quality or component abnormalities, improving the operational stability of the water tank 30, and providing support for the long-term reliable operation of the water circulation mechanism.

[0069] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first air outlet 34 and a second air outlet 35 are provided on one side of the dust removal box 2. A three-way pipe 9 is fixedly connected to the first air outlet 34. A first connecting pipe 10 and a second connecting pipe 11 are fixedly connected to the three-way pipe 9. The first connecting pipe 10 is used to connect to the air inlet of the fan 1, and the air inlet of the second connecting pipe 11 is fixedly connected to the second air outlet 35.

[0070] In this embodiment, when the ambient temperature in the coal mine is suitable and hot air supply is not required, the device operates in normal temperature ventilation mode. The normal temperature clean airflow after being treated by the purification chamber mainly enters the three-way pipe 9 through the first air outlet 34 on one side of the dust collector 2, and is then transported to the air inlet of the fan 1 through the first connecting pipe 10 on the three-way pipe 9. The fan 1 then sends the normal temperature air into the main ventilation system underground. If a local area underground needs to be supplemented with normal temperature air, part of the airflow can be transported to the target area through the second connecting pipe 11 of the three-way pipe 9, through the connection path between the second connecting pipe 11 and the second air outlet 35, forming a main and auxiliary supply channel for normal temperature air to meet the normal ventilation needs underground.

[0071] When the temperature in the coal mine is low (such as in winter or in low-temperature areas of deep mines) and hot air needs to be supplied, the heating components (such as the electric heating tube 38 in the second connecting pipe 11) are activated to heat the airflow. At this time, the airflow path is adjusted so that the airflow treated by the purification chamber enters the second connecting pipe 11 through the second air outlet 35. After the airflow is heated into hot air in the second connecting pipe 11, part of it is directly transported to the area in the mine that needs hot air through the second connecting pipe 11; the other part of the hot air enters the three-way pipe 9 through the second connecting pipe 11, and then is transported to the blower 1 through the first connecting pipe 10 of the three-way pipe 9. The blower 1 then sends the hot air into the main ventilation system in the mine, realizing the supply of hot air to the whole mine or a part of the mine, and raising the temperature of the underground environment.

[0072] When different areas underground simultaneously require both ambient temperature air and hot air, dynamic switching is achieved through the coordination of the first air outlet 34, the second air outlet 35, and the three-way pipe 9. By controlling the airflow distribution ratio, the ambient temperature air output from the first air outlet 34 enters the blower 1 via the first connecting pipe 10 to supply the area requiring ambient temperature underground; simultaneously, the airflow output from the second air outlet 35 is heated by the second connecting pipe 11 and then directed to the low-temperature area, or a portion of the hot air is diverted to the first connecting pipe 10 via the three-way pipe 9 to supplement the hot air demand of the main ventilation system. The entire switching process requires no disassembly of the device and can be completed simply by adjusting the airflow path, adapting to underground temperature changes and the temperature control requirements of different areas.

[0073] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least two third baffles 42 are provided in the sedimentation tank 39, and the connecting pipes 43 of adjacent third baffles 42 are staggered. The filter media in the mesh box 45 is a mixture of quartz sand and activated carbon.

[0074] In this embodiment, when the wastewater from the filtration chamber enters the sedimentation tank 39 through the conduit 40, because the sedimentation tank 39 is equipped with at least two third baffles 42, the wastewater first enters the initial treatment zone separated by the first third baffle 42. After initial sedimentation, it flows into the next treatment zone through the connecting pipe 43 corresponding to that zone. Since the connecting pipes 43 of adjacent third baffles 42 are staggered, the wastewater cannot flow directly in a straight line. It needs to gradually advance along a zigzag path of "initial zone, first-level zone, second-level zone..." Each time it flows through a first-level treatment zone, it can fully contact the purification components in that zone, prolonging the residence time of the wastewater in the sedimentation tank 39 and creating conditions for subsequent deep purification.

[0075] During the staged flow process, when wastewater enters the treatment zone containing mesh cages 45, it first comes into contact with the quartz sand filter media inside the cages. The quartz sand physically intercepts fine suspended particles in the wastewater through the gaps between the particles, reducing solid impurities in the water. Subsequently, the wastewater permeates to the activated carbon filter media below. The activated carbon, through its porous structure, adsorbs soluble pollutants (such as trace organic impurities carried by dust) and odors from the water, further improving water purity. Through the synergistic effect of the "interception" of quartz sand and the "adsorption" of activated carbon, the wastewater quality is significantly improved after treatment by multiple sets of mesh cages 45, meeting the cleanliness requirements for recycling.

[0076] During continuous operation of the device, multiple third baffles 42 and staggered connecting pipes ensure that wastewater always flows along the graded path, avoiding incomplete purification due to turbulent water flow. Simultaneously, the mixed filter media within the mesh cages 45 continuously performs its purification function. When a stage of filter media becomes slightly clogged, the filter media in subsequent treatment zones can continue to undertake the purification task, maintaining the overall purification effect. During periodic maintenance, the mesh cages 45 of each treatment zone can be removed individually to replace or clean the mixed filter media without stopping the entire water circulation mechanism, ensuring that the water storage tank 30 continuously receives clean circulating water and provides a stable water source for initial dust removal operations.

[0077] The design of at least two third baffles 42 and staggered connecting pipes extends the flow path and residence time of wastewater in the sedimentation tank 39. Compared with a single baffle, the wastewater has more sufficient contact with the purification components, resulting in more uniform initial sedimentation and subsequent purification effects, and reducing the direct backflow of untreated wastewater. The mixed filter media of quartz sand and activated carbon combines the advantages of physical interception and chemical adsorption, which can remove solid impurities and purify soluble pollutants. Compared with a single filter media, the purification dimensions are more comprehensive, and the treated water quality is more suitable for recycling, reducing the risk of clogging of the nozzles 7 and the water pump 31. The multi-stage structure has "redundant purification capacity," and the maintenance of a single-stage component does not affect the overall operation. The mixed filter media is easy to replace, which greatly improves the operational stability of the sedimentation tank 39 and indirectly ensures the continuous operation of the entire water circulation mechanism.

[0078] To further improve the performance of this device, in addition to the above-mentioned solutions, this solution also includes the following embodiments:

[0079] In another embodiment of the present invention, an airflow switching and temperature control component is provided, comprising a baffle 36, an electric telescopic rod 37, and an electric heating element 38. The electric telescopic rod 37 is fixed inside the purification chamber, and its push rod is fixedly connected to the baffle 36 through a connecting plate 54. The baffle 36 is used to selectively block the first air outlet 34 or the second air outlet 35. The electric heating element 38 is installed inside the second connecting pipe 11.

[0080] In this embodiment, when no hot air supply is needed in the coal mine and only ambient temperature clean air is required, the electric telescopic rod 37 is activated. The push rod of the electric telescopic rod 37 drives the baffle 36 to move through the connecting plate 54, so that the baffle 36 selectively blocks the second air outlet 35 while keeping the first air outlet 34 unobstructed. The ambient temperature airflow after being treated in the purification chamber enters the three-way pipe 9 through the unobstructed first air outlet 34, and is then transported to the air inlet of the fan 1 through the first connecting pipe 10. The fan 1 then sends the ambient temperature air into the underground ventilation system to meet the normal ventilation needs of the mine. During this process, the electric heating tube 38 in the second connecting pipe 11 is in a closed state to avoid energy waste.

[0081] When the underground temperature is low and hot air needs to be supplied, the electric heating element 38 in the second connecting pipe 11 is activated first to preheat the electric heating element 38 to the set temperature. Then, the electric telescopic rod 37 is controlled to move the baffle 36, switching the blocking position of the baffle 36 to block the first air outlet 34 and keep the second air outlet 35 unobstructed. The airflow from the purification chamber enters the second connecting pipe 11 through the second air outlet 35. The airflow is heated into hot air by the electric heating element 38 as it flows through the second connecting pipe 11. The hot air is directly delivered to the area underground that needs to be heated through the second connecting pipe 11, or it is diverted to the first connecting pipe 10 through the three-way pipe 9 to supplement the hot air supply of the main ventilation system and raise the underground ambient temperature.

[0082] When different areas underground require both ambient temperature air and hot air simultaneously, or when the airflow pattern needs to be adjusted according to temperature changes, the position of the baffle 36 can be flexibly adjusted via the electric telescopic rod 37 to control the opening and closing degree of the first air outlet 34 and the second air outlet 35. For example, when both ambient temperature air and hot air need to be supplied simultaneously, the baffle 36 can be made not to completely block either air outlet, allowing part of the airflow to output ambient temperature air through the first air outlet 34, and the other part of the airflow to enter the second connecting pipe 11 through the second air outlet 35 for heating and output as hot air; if the underground temperature rises, the electric heating tube 38 can be gradually closed, and the baffle 36 can be adjusted to re-block the second air outlet 35 to restore the supply of ambient temperature air. The entire switching process is automatically controlled by the electric telescopic rod 37, requiring no manual disassembly of the device, and adapting to dynamic changes in the underground environment;

[0083] The electric telescopic rod 37, in conjunction with the baffle 36, enables automatic switching and blocking between the first air outlet 34 and the second air outlet 35. This is more convenient than manual adjustment and has a faster switching response, allowing for timely adaptation to changes in underground ventilation needs. Secondly, the electric heating tube 38 is installed inside the second connecting pipe 11 and is activated only when hot air is needed. It directionally heats the airflow, avoiding impact on the path of normal temperature air and reducing ineffective energy consumption, thus improving energy efficiency. Thirdly, the combination of airflow switching and temperature control functions allows the device to supply normal temperature air for regular ventilation while also outputting hot air to cope with low-temperature environments. This makes the device more comprehensive, eliminating the need for additional independent hot air equipment, reducing the overall investment and maintenance costs of the coal mine ventilation system, and ensuring the comfort and safety of the underground working environment.

[0084] In another embodiment of the present invention, an insect-proofing and cleaning component is provided, comprising an insect-proofing mesh cover 4, a third rotating rod 62, a fourth transmission rod 63, and a first brush plate 66. The insect-proofing mesh cover 4 is fixed to the air inlet end of the air inlet pipe 3. The fourth transmission rod 63 is rotatably mounted on a mounting shell 60 fixed to the dust collector 2 via bearings. The first transmission rod 19 and the fourth transmission rod 63 are respectively fixed with mutually meshing sixth bevel teeth 64. The third rotating rod 62 is rotatably mounted on a second assembly plate 61 fixed to the mounting shell 60 via bearings. The fourth transmission rod 63 and the third rotating rod 62 are respectively fixed with mutually meshing seventh bevel teeth 65. The first brush plate 66 is fixed to the third rotating rod 62, and the bristles of the first brush plate 66 are in contact with the surface of the insect-proofing mesh cover 4. A protective plate 67 is fixedly mounted on one side of the mounting shell 60 to protect the fourth transmission rod 63 and the third rotating rod 62.

[0085] In this embodiment, when the device is activated for ventilation and dust removal, outside air enters the device through the air inlet of the air inlet duct 3. The insect-proof net cover 4, fixed to the air inlet of the air inlet duct 3, first intercepts the air. The insect-proof net cover 4 can prevent larger debris such as insects, leaves, and weeds from entering the air inlet duct 3, avoiding blockage of the spiral guide shaft 5 or subsequent nozzles 7 inside the air inlet duct 3, ensuring that the airflow can smoothly enter the device, providing a stable airflow foundation for the subsequent initial dust removal and filtration processes. During continuous operation of the device, the insect-proof net cover 4 always maintains protection of the air inlet, reducing the impact of external debris on the internal components of the device.

[0086] When a certain amount of debris (such as dust and fine fibers) adheres to the surface of the insect-proof net cover 4, potentially affecting air intake efficiency, the device's transmission system synchronously drives the cleaning structure. When the first transmission rod 19 rotates, it drives the sixth bevel tooth 64 fixed on it to rotate synchronously. Since the sixth bevel tooth 64 meshes with the sixth bevel tooth 64 on the fourth transmission rod 63, it further drives the fourth transmission rod 63 to rotate on the mounting shell 60 fixed to the dust collector 2. When the fourth transmission rod 63 rotates, the seventh bevel tooth 65 at its end meshes with the seventh bevel tooth 65 on the third rotating rod 62, driving the third rotating rod 62 to rotate on the second assembly plate 61. The first brush plate 66 fixed on the third rotating rod 62 rotates with the third rotating rod 62, and because the bristles of the first brush plate 66 are in contact with the surface of the insect-proof net cover 4, the rotating first brush plate 66 can brush off the debris adhering to the surface of the insect-proof net cover 4, achieving automatic cleaning of the insect-proof net cover 4.

[0087] During the cleaning process of the insect-proof mesh cover 4 by the first brush plate 66, the protective plate 67, fixedly installed on one side of the mounting shell 60, shields and protects the fourth transmission rod 63 and the third rotating rod 62. The protective plate 67 prevents external dust, moisture, or brush-off debris from adhering to the fourth transmission rod 63, the third rotating rod 62, and the surfaces of each bevel gear, avoiding jamming or wear of the transmission components due to impurities and ensuring smooth transmission path. Simultaneously, the protective plate 67 also prevents maintenance personnel from accidentally touching rotating transmission components during device operation, improving the safety of device operation. During routine maintenance, the internal transmission components can be inspected or lubricated by disassembling the protective plate 67, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the cleaning structure.

[0088] The insect-proof net cover 4 effectively blocks external debris from entering the device, reduces the risk of internal component blockage, lowers the probability of device failure, and ensures the continuity of ventilation and dust removal operations. Relying on the existing transmission system of the device, the first brush plate 66 automatically cleans the insect-proof net cover 4 without the need for additional independent drive equipment. This simplifies the device structure and enables manual cleaning of the insect-proof net cover 4, reducing the workload of maintenance personnel and lowering maintenance costs.

[0089] In another embodiment of the present invention, a fourth rotating rod 68 is rotatably mounted inside the protective shell 21 via a sealed bearing. A second brush plate 69 is fixed on the fourth rotating rod 68. The bristles of the second brush plate 69 are in contact with the surface of the waterproof and breathable membrane plate 14. The first transmission rod 19 and the fourth rotating rod 68 are respectively fixed with mutually meshing eighth bevel teeth 70.

[0090] In this embodiment, when the transmission mechanism of the device is activated, the first transmission rod 19 rotates continuously. Since the first transmission rod 19 and the fourth rotating rod 68 are respectively fixed with mutually meshing eighth bevel teeth 70, the rotating first transmission rod 19 drives the fourth rotating rod 68 to rotate synchronously through the meshing transmission of the eighth bevel teeth 70. The fourth rotating rod 68 is rotatably installed in the protective shell 21 through a sealed bearing. The sealed bearing not only ensures the smooth rotation of the fourth rotating rod 68, but also prevents dust and moisture in the filter chamber from entering the interior of the protective shell 21, avoiding interference with the rotation of the fourth rotating rod 68 and providing stable power support for subsequent cleaning operations.

[0091] When the fourth rotating rod 68 rotates, the second brush plate 69 fixed on the fourth rotating rod 68 rotates synchronously. Since the bristles of the second brush plate 69 are in contact with the surface of the waterproof and breathable membrane 14, the rotating second brush plate 69 can continuously wipe the surface of the waterproof and breathable membrane 14. During the operation of the device, the waterproof and breathable membrane 14 will intercept water vapor and some dust in the airflow, which easily forms an adhesion layer on the surface. The wiping action of the second brush plate 69 can brush off these adhesion layers, preventing the adhesion layers from clogging the vents of the waterproof and breathable membrane 14, ensuring that the airflow can pass through the waterproof and breathable membrane 14 normally into the subsequent purification stage, while maintaining the water vapor interception capacity of the waterproof and breathable membrane 14.

[0092] During the cleaning of the waterproof and breathable membrane plate 14 by the second brush plate 69, the protective shell 21 provides shielding protection for the fourth rotating rod 68, the second brush plate 69, and the eighth conical tooth 70, preventing a large accumulation of dust in the filter chamber on the surface of these components, which would affect the transmission and cleaning effect. Simultaneously, the sealed bearing between the fourth rotating rod 68 and the protective shell 21 effectively isolates moisture in the filter chamber, preventing moisture from entering the bearing and causing corrosion or jamming. During routine maintenance, the protective shell 21 can be opened to inspect the fourth rotating rod 68 and the second brush plate 69. If the bristles show wear, the second brush plate 69 can be replaced promptly to ensure that the cleaning effect is not diminished.

[0093] Powered by the first transmission rod 19, the fourth rotating rod 68 and the second brush plate 69 are driven by the eighth bevel gear 70, eliminating the need for additional drive equipment, simplifying the device structure, and reducing energy consumption and manufacturing costs. The second brush plate 69 continuously cleans the waterproof and breathable membrane plate 14, preventing the surface layer from clogging the vents, maintaining the breathability and moisture interception capacity of the waterproof and breathable membrane plate 14, ensuring smooth airflow from the filtration chamber to the purification chamber, and improving the overall dust removal and filtration effect of the device. The cooperation between the protective shell 21 and the sealed bearing reduces the erosion of the cleaning structure components by dust and moisture, extends the service life of the fourth rotating rod 68 and the second brush plate 69, reduces the frequency and cost of device maintenance, and adapts to the environmental requirements of long-term continuous operation in coal mines.

[0094] In another embodiment of the present invention, a first assembly plate 51 is fixed inside the purification chamber. A second rotating rod 52 is rotatably mounted on the first assembly plate 51 via a bearing. A fan blade 53 is fixed on the second rotating rod 52. A first spline rod 56 is fixed on the fan blade 53. A second spline rod 57 is fixed on the first rotating rod 58. A bracket 55 is fixed on the connecting plate 54. A spline sleeve 58 is rotatably mounted on the bracket 55 via a bearing. The spline sleeve 58 can selectively connect the first spline rod 56 and the second spline rod 57.

[0095] In this embodiment, when the device needs to output hot air, the connecting plate 54 is first moved by the electric telescopic rod 37. The bracket 55 fixed on the connecting plate 54 moves synchronously with the connecting plate 54, thereby moving the spline sleeve 58, which is rotatably mounted on the bracket 55 via bearings. The position of the spline sleeve 58 is adjusted so that it simultaneously fits the first spline rod 56 on the connecting fan blade 53 and the second spline rod 57 on the first rotating rod 28, establishing a transmission path between the first rotating rod 28 and the fan blade 53. At this time, the fan blade 53 can rotate synchronously with the first rotating rod 28 through the transmission action of the spline sleeve 58, providing airflow guiding power for subsequent hot air delivery.

[0096] After the spline sleeve 58 completes the transmission connection, when the first rotating rod 28 rotates, the second rotating rod 52 is driven to rotate on the first assembly plate 51 through the power transmission between the second spline rod 57, the spline sleeve 58, and the first spline rod 56. The fan blade 53 fixed on the second rotating rod 52 rotates synchronously with the second rotating rod 52. The airflow thrust generated by the rotation of the fan blade 53 accelerates the movement of the airflow filtered by the HEPA filter 17 in the purification chamber toward the second air outlet 35. At the same time, the electric heating tube 38 in the second connecting pipe 11 starts heating. The airflow is heated into hot air when it flows through the second connecting pipe 11. The guiding effect of the fan blade 53 can reduce the retention of hot air in the purification chamber and the second connecting pipe 11, and promote the hot air to be delivered to the required area downhole more quickly.

[0097] During hot air output, the electric telescopic rod 37 continuously drives the baffle 36 to maintain the blocking state of the first air outlet 34, ensuring that the airflow in the purification chamber flows preferentially to the second air outlet 35. The fan blade 53 rotates continuously, and together with the blocking effect of the baffle 36, more airflow enters the second connecting pipe 11 to be heated into hot air, preventing airflow from being lost from the first air outlet 34 and increasing the proportion of hot air output.

[0098] In summary, compared with related technologies, the efficient purification and functional adaptation of coal mine ventilation airflow are achieved through the collaborative operation of multiple components: First, the airflow guiding and primary dust removal components work in conjunction with the water circulation mechanism to complete primary dust removal through full contact between water mist and spiral airflow, followed by multi-stage treatment in the sedimentation tank 39 to achieve water resource recycling, reducing the initial dust content while lowering energy consumption; Second, the multi-stage filtration mechanism is linked with the transmission mechanism, the waterproof and breathable membrane 14 intercepts water vapor to protect the HEPA filter 17, and the mounting cylinder 16 drives the HEPA filter 17 to rotate, improving the efficiency of fine dust capture. The transmission mechanism drives multiple components with a single motor, simplifying the structure and ensuring stable operation; Third, the airflow switching and temperature control components work in conjunction with the fan blade transmission structure to switch between normal temperature air and hot air according to underground needs. The fan blade 53 enhances airflow delivery efficiency and adapts to different temperature scenarios; Fourth, the insect prevention and cleaning components and the waterproof and breathable membrane cleaning structure rely on the existing transmission to achieve automatic cleaning, reducing manual maintenance. At the same time, components such as the sewage pipe 47 and water exchange pipe 50 ensure the long-term stable operation of the system. It achieves multi-stage purification of dust-laden airflow, reducing the impact of dust on equipment and personnel, and also has features such as temperature control and water saving, meeting the actual needs of ventilation and dust removal in coal mines.

[0099] It is worth noting that the circuits, electronic components, and modules involved in this invention are all existing technologies, which can be fully implemented by those skilled in the art, and need not be elaborated upon. The content protected by this invention does not involve improvements to the software and methods.

[0100] It should be understood, in the several embodiments provided in this application, that the disclosed apparatus may be implemented in other ways.

[0101] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on these embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still combine, add, delete, or otherwise adjust the features of the various embodiments of the present invention according to the circumstances without conflict or creative effort, thereby obtaining different technical solutions that do not fundamentally depart from the concept of the present invention. These technical solutions also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust removal and filtration device for coal mine ventilation, characterized in that, include: A dust collector box is installed on one side of the ventilation fan in a coal mine. The interior of the dust collector box is divided into a filtration chamber and a purification chamber by a first partition. An airflow guiding and primary dust removal assembly includes a spiral guide shaft, an annular nozzle, and nozzles. The spiral guide shaft is rotatably mounted inside an air inlet pipe via bearings. The annular nozzle is arranged around the outside of the air inlet pipe. Several nozzles are fixedly connected to the annular nozzle, and the spraying ends of the nozzles are arranged facing the air inlet pipe. Several air outlet holes are opened on the air inlet pipe. A multi-stage filtration mechanism is installed within the filtration chamber; A transmission mechanism installed on the dust collector housing for driving the rotation of the spiral guide shaft; A water circulation mechanism is provided on one side of the dust collector for supplying water to the annular spray nozzle; The multi-stage filtration mechanism includes: Waterproof and breathable membrane panel, second partition, mounting cylinder and HEPA filter; A grooved plate is fixed to the inner wall of the bottom of the dust removal box; The waterproof and breathable membrane is embedded between the grooved plate and the limiting groove of the first partition plate; The second partition is fixed inside the purification chamber; The mounting cylinder is rotatably mounted on the second partition plate via a sealed bearing; The HEPA filter is inserted into the slot of the mounting cylinder; The transmission mechanism includes: A motor fixed to the dust collector housing; A first transmission rod, which is rotatably mounted on the dust collector housing via a sealed bearing, extends into the filter chamber at its bottom end. The motor output shaft and the first transmission rod are respectively fixed with mutually meshing first bevel teeth; A protective shell fixed to the first partition; A second transmission rod is rotatably mounted on the protective shell via a sealed bearing, and one end of the second transmission rod extends into the air inlet pipe; The first transmission rod and the second transmission rod are respectively fixed with mutually meshing second bevel teeth; The second transmission rod and the spiral guide shaft are respectively fixed with mutually meshing third bevel teeth; The third transmission rod is rotatably mounted on the first partition via a sealed bearing; The first transmission rod and the third transmission rod are respectively fixed with mutually meshing fourth bevel teeth; A mounting plate fixed to one side of the first partition; A first rotating rod is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate via a bearing, and the bottom end of the first rotating rod is fixedly connected to the mounting cylinder; The first rotating rod and the third transmission rod are respectively fixed with mutually meshing fifth bevel teeth; The water circulation mechanism includes: A water storage tank is installed on one side of the dust collector; A water pump is installed on one side of the water storage tank, and the water inlet of the water pump is connected to the water storage tank through a water pumping pipe. The water pump outlet is connected to the annular nozzle via an outlet pipe. A sedimentation tank is installed on one side of the dust collector housing. The sedimentation tank is connected to the filter chamber through a conduit, and a one-way valve is provided on the conduit. A return pipe is fixedly connected between the sedimentation tank and the water storage tank; The water circulation mechanism also includes: A third partition is installed in the sedimentation tank to divide it into multi-stage treatment zones; The mesh cages and mesh plates are installed in the sedimentation tank, and the mesh cages are filled with filter media. Germicidal lamps installed in the processing area; A connecting pipe fixedly connected to the third partition plate; The sedimentation tank has at least two third baffles, and the connecting pipes of adjacent third baffles are staggered. The filter media in the mesh cage is a mixture of quartz sand and activated carbon.

2. The dust removal and filtration device for coal mine ventilation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the sedimentation tank is fixedly connected to a sewage pipe, and a first valve is installed on the sewage pipe.

3. The dust removal and filtration device for coal mine ventilation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, An air jet pipe is installed inside the mounting cylinder. The air inlet end of the air jet pipe extends out of the dust collection box and is used to connect to the air supply equipment. An exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the purification chamber, and a solenoid valve is installed on the exhaust pipe.

4. The dust removal and filtration device for coal mine ventilation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The water tank has a water inlet at the top, a stopper is installed inside the water inlet, a pull ring is fixedly installed on the top of the stopper, and a water exchange pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the water tank, with a water valve installed on the water exchange pipe.

5. The dust removal and filtration device for coal mine ventilation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The dust collector housing has a first air outlet and a second air outlet on one side. A three-way pipe is fixedly connected to the first air outlet. A first connecting pipe and a second connecting pipe are fixedly connected to the three-way pipe. The first connecting pipe is used to connect to the air inlet of the fan. The air inlet of the second connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the second air outlet.

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