A switch cabinet discharge state monitoring device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of power systems, in particular to a switch cabinet discharge state monitoring device, which comprises an interferometer, a monitoring support, a monitoring sleeve, a DFB laser, a light intensity sensor, a laser receiver and a protective cover. The monitoring support is installed on the top wall in the interior of the switch cabinet. The monitoring sleeve is hingedly connected below the monitoring support. The DFB laser is installed in the interior of the monitoring sleeve. The light intensity sensor is installed on the monitoring support. The interferometer is located below the DFB laser. The laser receiver is sleeved on the periphery of the interferometer. The protective cover is installed below the monitoring support. The application realizes the purpose of positioning the discharge component in the switch cabinet by detecting the emission wavelength and emission track of the DFB laser and combining the light intensity monitoring mode in the interior of the switch cabinet, and effectively avoids the misjudgment phenomenon.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power system technology, specifically to a switchgear discharge status monitoring device. Background Technology

[0002] Switchgear is a commonly used piece of equipment in power grids. It disconnects the circuit when necessary to ensure the stability and safety of power transmission and is a key piece of equipment for the normal operation of the power grid.

[0003] Switchgear operates continuously in high-voltage power systems. It has many internal components and is subject to uncontrollable factors, which can cause discharge phenomena. The discharge moment generates high temperature, strong light and harmful gases. These factors can directly threaten personal safety. Therefore, monitoring the discharge status is essential during the actual use of switchgear.

[0004] A common method for determining the discharge state of switchgear is to utilize the sensitivity of a distributed feedback laser (DFB laser) to vibration. Specifically, when the switchgear is in a discharge state, internal vibration occurs, causing a change in the wavelength of the laser emitted by the DFB laser to the interferometer. By analyzing the interferometer with related equipment, the severity of the discharge phenomenon can be determined through the change in wavelength.

[0005] Using the aforementioned existing technologies, the discharge phenomenon of the switchgear can be detected in the first instance, and different measures can be taken according to the severity to eliminate the threat to personal safety. However, such monitoring technology can only passively ensure that the discharge phenomenon of the switchgear can be detected in time, but it cannot determine the specific components in the switchgear that are discharging, thus making it difficult to actively provide specific directions to avoid the discharge of the switchgear.

[0006] To address this, a switchgear discharge status monitoring device is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a switch cabinet discharge status monitoring device, which solves the problem that the monitoring device cannot accurately locate the discharge components in the switch cabinet. By detecting the emission wavelength and emission trajectory of the DFB laser and combining it with the monitoring of the light intensity inside the switch cabinet, the device can locate the discharge components inside the switch cabinet and effectively avoid misjudgment.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0009] A switchgear discharge status monitoring device includes an interferometer, a monitoring support, a monitoring sleeve, a DFB laser, a light intensity sensor, a laser receiver, and a protective cover; wherein,

[0010] The monitoring support is installed on the top wall inside the switch cabinet;

[0011] The monitoring sleeve is hinged below the monitoring support and is used to sense the vibration of the switchgear's discharge state.

[0012] The DFB laser is installed inside the monitoring sleeve and is used to receive the vibration of the monitoring sleeve to deform itself, and to change the emission wavelength by its own deformation.

[0013] The light intensity sensor is installed on the monitoring support and is used to monitor the strong light of the switch cabinet in the discharge state.

[0014] The interferometer is located below the DFB laser, with its receiving window facing the emitting window of the DFB laser, and is used to receive the wavelength signal emitted by the DFB laser.

[0015] The laser receiver is fitted around the interferometer and is used to receive the emitted light spot of the DFB laser and simulate the motion trajectory of the emitted light spot of the DFB laser.

[0016] The protective cover, installed below the monitoring support, is used to provide a darkroom environment for the interferometer and laser receiver;

[0017] The discharge state includes: a change in the wavelength signal received by the interferometer, or a change in the motion trajectory simulated by the laser receiver; and the light intensity monitored by the light intensity sensor reaching a preset value. By using the dual determination of the light intensity sensor and the interferometer or laser receiver, the misjudgment of strong light or vibration outside the switch cabinet is avoided. Only when the above conditions are met simultaneously will the switch cabinet be determined to be in a discharge state, and then the relevant operations will be performed.

[0018] Preferably, a buffer section is provided above the monitoring support, the buffer section is connected to the top wall inside the switch cabinet, and the buffer section is made of vibration damping material;

[0019] In the above scheme, by setting up a buffer section, the vibration of the switchgear during discharge is prevented from being transmitted from the vibration source to the DFB laser through the switchgear body. Instead, the transmission medium of vibration is unified as the gas inside the switchgear. The advantage of this setting is that the vibration is transmitted from the vibration source to the DFB laser in a straight line. Therefore, not only can the direction of the vibration source relative to itself be inferred from the vibration direction of the DFB laser, but the distance between the vibration source and the DFB laser can also be calculated with the help of a high-intensity light sensor, thereby locating the specific discharge component.

[0020] Preferably, a connecting groove is provided below the monitoring support. The connecting groove is a spherical structure. A connector is provided at the upper end of the monitoring sleeve. The connector is a spherical structure that mates with the connecting groove. The upper surface of the DFB laser is flush with the surface of the connector. The DFB laser includes laser terminals. Multiple laser terminals are embedded in the upper surface of the DFB laser. The connecting groove contains an equal number of connecting terminals as the number of laser terminals. The connecting terminals are in contact with the laser terminals.

[0021] In the above scheme, the upper surface of the DFB laser is flush with the surface of the connector, meaning the upper surface of the DFB laser has an arc-shaped structure. This structure acts as a guide when the DFB laser is inserted into the monitoring sleeve, simplifying the installation process. The connection between the connector and the connecting groove forms a universal connection between the monitoring support and the monitoring sleeve. Therefore, when the monitoring sleeve is subjected to vibrational sound waves from any direction, it can drive the DFB sensor to vibrate in the same direction. Furthermore, the close fit between the connecting terminal and the laser terminal eliminates the need for wiring inside the monitoring sleeve, allowing the DFB laser to remain vertical under balanced force conditions, thus ensuring the accuracy of the DFB's feedback when subjected to sound waves.

[0022] Preferably, a plurality of laser terminals are arranged in a ring array around the central axis of the DFB laser on the DFB laser, and the area of ​​the laser terminals is smaller than the area of ​​the connecting terminals;

[0023] In the above scheme, the ring array of laser terminals further ensures that the DFB laser is in a vertical state when under force balance, so as to ensure the accuracy of the feedback of the DFB when subjected to sound waves. As for the fact that the area of ​​the laser terminal is smaller than that of the connection terminal, it ensures that the two are always in contact while reducing the manufacturing cost of the monitoring device: compared with the DFB laser, the monitoring support can be reused, so the smaller area of ​​the laser terminal makes the manufacturing cost of the DFB laser lower.

[0024] Preferably, the monitoring sleeve is configured as a cylindrical structure, and the monitoring sleeve has an installation channel inside, in which the DFB laser is installed;

[0025] In the above scheme, the cylindrical structure of the monitoring sleeve ensures that the force-bearing surface remains consistent when receiving vibration sound waves from all directions, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the monitoring results.

[0026] Preferably, a protective mirror is provided below the installation channel, and the protective mirror is configured as a convex lens structure.

[0027] Preferably, the protective cover encloses the monitoring sleeve, interferometer, and laser receiver, and the protective cover is made of a light-absorbing material;

[0028] In the above scheme, the basic function of the protective cover is to provide the installation position for the interferometer and laser receiver and to prevent dust from entering, thereby avoiding the impact of dust on the detection accuracy. Its additional function is to shield the interferometer and laser receiver from the strong light during the discharge of the switch cabinet, so as to further ensure the detection accuracy.

[0029] Preferably, the light intensity sensor is located outside the protective cover and is installed on the side of the monitoring support near the equipment inside the switch cabinet, so that the light intensity sensor faces the equipment inside the switch cabinet. When the switch cabinet discharges, the strong light generated shines directly on the light intensity sensor, thereby ensuring monitoring accuracy.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0031] 1. This invention provides a switchgear discharge status monitoring device, which solves the technical problem in the prior art that can only monitor the occurrence of discharge phenomena but cannot determine the specific location of the discharge components. By combining the vibration detection of the emission wavelength and trajectory of the DFB laser with the light intensity monitoring inside the switchgear, a "light-sound" collaborative monitoring system is constructed. This system can not only confirm the occurrence of discharge but also accurately locate the discharge components inside the switchgear, achieving a leap from passive monitoring to active positioning and effectively avoiding misjudgments caused by external vibration or internal non-discharge strong light.

[0032] 2. This invention achieves precise positioning of the discharge component. Its correlation is reflected in the following aspects: First, a light intensity sensor captures the intense light generated at the moment of discharge, using this as the "zero-time" reference (t1) for the discharge and as a reliable trigger signal to initiate positioning calculations. Second, a laser receiver accurately determines the propagation direction of the discharge sound source by simulating the trajectory change of a DFB laser caused by vibrating sound waves. Finally, by calculating the time difference between the light signal (t1) and the sound wave signal captured by the interferometer or laser receiver (t2, t3), and combining this with the speed of sound, the distance between the monitoring device and the discharge component can be accurately calculated. By combining information from both "direction" and "distance," the specific spatial location of the discharge component within the switchgear can be pinpointed, providing an accurate basis for predictive maintenance.

[0033] 3. The final confirmation of the discharge state of this invention requires the simultaneous fulfillment of two conditions: "excessive light intensity" and "vibration occurrence" (wavelength or trajectory change). This dual verification mechanism effectively filters out interference from simple mechanical vibrations such as those caused by external force impacts on the switch cabinet, or non-discharge light interference caused by external light sources. In addition, the spherical hinge structure of the monitoring sleeve and the monitoring support ensures that the DFB laser can respond sensitively to vibrations from any direction, while the protective cover made of light-absorbing material creates an ideal darkroom environment for the interferometer and laser receiver, shielding the strong discharge light from interfering with the vibration measurement and ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the positioning data. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall installation of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall internal cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged diagram of part A in the middle;

[0037] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged diagram of section C;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring sleeve and DFB laser structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring support structure of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the workflow of the present invention.

[0042] In the diagram: 1. Monitoring support; 11. Buffer section; 12. Connecting groove; 121. Connecting terminal; 2. Monitoring sleeve; 21. Connector; 22. Installation channel; 23. Protective mirror; 3. DFB laser; 31. Laser terminal; 4. Light intensity sensor; 5. Laser receiver; 6. Interferometer; 7. Protective cover. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] Please see Figures 1 to 8 The present invention provides a switchgear discharge status monitoring device, the technical solution of which is as follows:

[0045] A switchgear discharge status monitoring device includes an interferometer 6, a monitoring support 1, a monitoring sleeve 2, a DFB laser 3, a light intensity sensor 4, a laser receiver 5, and a protective cover 7; wherein,

[0046] Monitoring support 1 is installed on the top wall inside the switch cabinet;

[0047] The monitoring sleeve 2 is hinged below the monitoring support 1 and is used to sense the vibration of the switch cabinet in the discharge state.

[0048] DFB laser 3 is installed inside monitoring sleeve 2 to receive vibrations from monitoring sleeve 2 and deform itself, thereby changing the emission wavelength. DFB laser 3 is rigidly attached to the inner wall of mounting channel 22 with high-hardness epoxy resin. When monitoring sleeve 2 bends due to acoustic vibration, the deformation is directly converted into tensile or compressive stress on the housing and internal chip of DFB laser 3 through rigid connection, thereby causing its resonant wavelength to change proportionally to the vibration intensity.

[0049] A light intensity sensor 4 is installed on the monitoring support 1. The light intensity sensor 4 is located outside the protective cover 7 and is installed on the side of the monitoring support 1 near the equipment inside the switch cabinet. It is used to monitor the strong light of the switch cabinet discharge state.

[0050] Interferometer 6 is located below DFB laser 3, and the receiving window of interferometer 6 is directly opposite the transmitting window of DFB laser 3, used to receive the wavelength signal emitted by DFB laser 3.

[0051] Laser receiver 5, fitted around the interferometer 6, is used to receive the emitted light spot of DFB laser 3 and simulate the motion trajectory of the emitted light spot of DFB laser 3 to determine the direction of the vibration source relative to DFB laser 3. The determination steps are as follows:

[0052] 1) Laser receiver 5 records the base point coordinates (x0, y0) of the light spot while in a stationary state;

[0053] 2) When a change in trajectory is detected at time t2, record the coordinates (x1, y1), (x2, y2)...(xn, yn) of the next N sampling points (e.g., N=10);

[0054] 3) Calculate the initial displacement vector V from (x0, y0) to the first displacement point (x1, y1);

[0055] 4) The direction of the vector V is the vibration direction of the DFB laser 3, while the direction of the discharge sound source is opposite to the direction of the vector. The accurate direction angle can be calculated by the arctangent function atan2(y1-y0, x1-x0).

[0056] The protective cover 7 is installed below the monitoring support 1. The protective cover 7 covers the monitoring sleeve 2, the interferometer 6 and the laser receiver 5. The protective cover 7 is made of light-absorbing material, such as black silicone rubber filled with mixed carbon, to provide a dark room environment for the interferometer 6 and the laser receiver 5.

[0057] The discharge state includes: a change in the wavelength signal received by the interferometer 6 (specifically, the drift of the emitted wavelength of the DFB laser 3 detected by it within 10 milliseconds exceeds a certain length, or its rate of change dλ / dt exceeds a certain preset threshold), or a change in the motion trajectory simulated by the laser receiver 5 (specifically, the displacement velocity of the light spot detected by it exceeds 5 mm / s, or its displacement exceeds 0.5 mm in a single vibration cycle); and the monitored light intensity of the light intensity sensor 4 reaches a preset value (the preset value of the light intensity sensor 4 is set according to the typical working environment of the switch cabinet, preferably in the range of 5000 lux to 15000 lux, which is higher than normal ambient light and conventional lighting interference, but can effectively capture the instantaneous arc light generated by the initial insulation breakdown); by using the dual determination of the light intensity sensor 4 and the interferometer 6 or the laser receiver 5, the misjudgment of strong light or vibration outside the switch cabinet is avoided. Only when the above conditions are met simultaneously will the switch cabinet be determined to be in a discharge state, and then relevant operations will be performed.

[0058] As one embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The monitoring support 1 is configured as a frustum structure, and a buffer section 11 is provided above the monitoring support 1. The buffer section 11 is connected to the top wall inside the switch cabinet, and the buffer section 11 is made of vibration damping material. Preferably, the buffer section 11 is made of PEEK material, which has excellent high temperature resistance, impact resistance and radiation resistance, and can better meet the operating environment of this device.

[0059] The principle and process of positioning with discharge components are as follows: In the switch cabinet, the time for light to travel a short distance is negligible, that is, the light intensity sensor 4 detects the set light intensity and the discharge state of the switch cabinet synchronously. At this time, it is only necessary to calculate the difference between the moment when the wavelength of the interferometer 6 changes (or the moment when the laser receiver 5 simulates the change of trajectory) and the moment when the light intensity sensor 4 emits a signal, and multiply the time difference by the speed of sound wave propagation in air to obtain the distance of sound wave propagation, that is, the distance between the vibration source and the DFB laser 3. Specifically, when the light intensity sensor 4 captures the excess light, it is defined as time t1. When the laser wavelength monitored by interferometer 6 changes, it is defined as time t2; when the simulated trajectory of laser receiver 5 changes, it is defined as time t3. In the calculation, the minimum value between t2 and t3 is taken, the difference between the minimum value and t1 is calculated, and then the difference is multiplied by the sound wave velocity v (the sound velocity v is set to the theoretical value of 346 m / s at the standard operating temperature of the switch cabinet, and this value is pre-written into the memory of the control unit) to obtain the distance between the vibration source and the DFB laser 3. By combining this distance with the vibration direction analyzed from the simulated trajectory of laser receiver 5, the specific discharge component can be located.

[0060] As one embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 6 A connecting groove 12 is provided below the monitoring support 1. The connecting groove 12 is a spherical structure. The monitoring sleeve 2 is a cylindrical structure. An installation channel 22 is provided inside the monitoring sleeve 2. The DFB laser 3 is installed in the installation channel 22. A connector 21 is provided at the upper end of the monitoring sleeve 2. The connector 21 is a spherical structure that mates with the connecting groove 12. The upper end face of the DFB laser 3 is flush with the surface of the connector 21. The DFB laser 3 includes laser terminals 31. Multiple laser terminals 31 are embedded in the upper end face of the DFB laser 3. The connecting groove 12 is embedded with an equal number of connecting terminals 121 as the laser terminals 31. The connecting terminals 121 are in contact with the laser terminals 31.

[0061] In this method, four connection terminals 121 and four laser terminals 31 are provided. To facilitate the installation of the connector 21 in the connection slot 12, the monitoring support 1 adopts a split-half structure. It should be noted that in order to ensure the installation accuracy of the connection terminal 121, the dividing line should pass through the adjacent gap between the mounting holes of the connection terminal 121. In addition, in this invention, the DFB laser 3, interferometer 6, laser receiver 5 and light intensity sensor 4 all need to be powered by an external power source. Specifically, the laser terminal 31 of the DFB laser 3 is attached to the connection terminal 121, and a wire is connected above the connection terminal 121. The wire passes through the reserved hole above the switch cabinet, thereby completing the power supply for the DFB laser 3. The wires of the interferometer 6 and the laser receiver 5 pass through the inside of the protective cover 7 and the inside of the monitoring support 1, and also pass out through the reserved hole of the switch cabinet. The wire of the light intensity sensor 4 passes through the monitoring support 1 and exits through the reserved hole of the switch cabinet. Correspondingly, the signal input / output line settings are consistent.

[0062] Furthermore, the monitoring support 1 integrates a microprocessor unit, which includes: a high-speed digital input port for receiving trigger signals from the light intensity sensor 4, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for receiving data from the interferometer 6 and the laser receiver 5, and a serial communication interface. The microprocessor unit has a built-in high-precision clock for timestamping all received signals and built-in firmware for execution. Figure 8 The logical judgment and distance calculation formula shown are output through the onboard RS485 interface.

[0063] As one embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5 Multiple laser terminals 31 are arranged in a ring array around the central axis of the DFB laser 3 on the DFB laser 3, and the area of ​​the laser terminals 31 is smaller than the area of ​​the connecting terminals 121.

[0064] Preferably, the laser terminal 31 and the connection terminal 121 are made of phosphor bronze or beryllium bronze, and all terminals are made of the same material. This ensures that the DFB laser 3 is in a vertical position when under force balance, and also ensures the stability of the electrical connection. In addition to having excellent electrical connection performance, these two materials also have excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance, thus ensuring the long-term effectiveness of the monitoring device.

[0065] As one embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 4 A protective mirror 23 is provided below the installation channel 22, and the protective mirror 23 is configured as a convex lens structure;

[0066] The basic function of the protective mirror 23 is to protect the DFB laser 3 inside the installation channel 22. Its additional function is to amplify the laser spot emitted by the DFB laser 3 by using its own convex lens structure. Thus, the laser emitted by the DFB laser 3 can be sent into the interferometer 6 to determine the intensity of the vibration through wavelength analysis, thereby determining the severity of the switch cabinet discharge; it can also be projected onto the receiver to simulate the vibration trajectory of the DFB laser 3, thereby determining the vibration direction of the DFB laser 3, and thus identifying the vibration source when the switch cabinet discharges.

[0067] Working Principle: To accurately locate the specific position of the discharge component while monitoring the discharge phenomenon in the switchgear, and to effectively avoid false judgments, this invention constructs a working system that combines "light-sound" collaborative monitoring with dual judgment logic (see reference). Figure 7 );

[0068] Specifically, refer to Figure 8 When a component inside the switchgear discharges, it instantly generates two physical signals: a strong light and a vibrating sound wave. The light intensity sensor 4 at the top of the device first captures the extremely fast-propagating strong light signal, using this as the "zero-moment" reference (t1) for the discharge and triggering the judgment procedure. Simultaneously, the slower-propagating vibrating sound wave is sensed by the monitoring sleeve 2, causing displacement and deformation of the internal DFB laser 3. This vibration information is analyzed in parallel via two paths: the laser receiver 5 determines the direction of the sound wave source by simulating the trajectory of the laser spot; the interferometer 6 assesses the intensity of the vibration by analyzing the change in the emitted wavelength of the DFB laser 3. Finally, the external central control unit combines the direction and intensity information and calculates the distance using the time difference between the arrival of the light and sound signals, thereby locking the spatial coordinates of the discharge component and achieving precise positioning.

[0069] To accurately determine the spatial coordinates (i.e., direction and distance) of the discharge component, the specific method is as follows: For direction determination, the laser receiver 5 is mounted around the interferometer 6 to receive and track the laser spot projected by the DFB laser 3. When the vibration sound wave generated by the discharge causes the monitoring sleeve 2 to swing, the DFB laser 3 swings synchronously. The trajectory formed by the emitted light spot on the laser receiver 5 directly simulates the direction of the vibration. By analyzing this trajectory, the location of the sound source can be deduced. For distance calculation, the light intensity sensor 4 records the moment when it detects the light intensity exceeding the limit as t1, while the interferometer 6 or the laser receiver 5 records the moment when it detects the signal starting to change as the arrival time of the sound wave (t2, t3). Since the speed of light is much greater than the speed of sound, the light propagation time can be ignored. Therefore, the distance between the discharge point and the monitoring device can be calculated using the formula "distance = [min(t2, t3) - t1] × v(speed of sound)".

[0070] To ensure the sensitivity and accuracy of vibration monitoring and effectively avoid environmental interference, the specific methods are as follows: In terms of structural design, the connector 21 at the upper end of the monitoring sleeve 2 and the connecting groove 12 below the monitoring support 1 form a spherical hinge (universal joint structure). This allows the monitoring sleeve 2 to respond indiscriminately to vibration sound waves from any direction, ensuring monitoring without blind spots. Simultaneously, the buffer section 11 above the monitoring support 1 effectively absorbs and isolates structural vibrations from the switch cabinet itself, ensuring the device is only sensitive to airborne sound waves generated by discharge. In terms of judgment logic, the system is set with... The dual triggering condition means that a valid discharge is only determined when the light intensity sensor 4 emits an excess signal and the interferometer 6 or laser receiver 5 detects vibration. This dual verification of "light" and "sound" can effectively eliminate false alarms caused by single events such as external impact on the switch cabinet (vibration only) or strong light irradiation during maintenance (light intensity only), greatly improving the reliability of monitoring. In addition, the protective cover 7 made of light-absorbing material provides a stable darkroom environment for the interferometer 6 and laser receiver 5, avoiding interference from the strong discharge light on optical measurements and further ensuring the accuracy of the data.

[0071] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A switchgear discharge status monitoring device, comprising an interferometer (6), characterized in that: It also includes a monitoring support (1), a monitoring sleeve (2), a DFB laser (3), a light intensity sensor (4), a laser receiver (5), and a protective cover (7); among which, The monitoring support (1) is installed on the top wall inside the switch cabinet; The monitoring sleeve (2) is hinged to the bottom of the monitoring support (1) and is used to sense the vibration of the switch cabinet discharge state; a connecting groove (12) is provided at the bottom of the monitoring support (1), the connecting groove (12) is a spherical structure, and a connector (21) is provided at the upper end of the monitoring sleeve (2), the connector (21) is a spherical structure that cooperates with the connecting groove (12); The DFB laser (3) is installed inside the monitoring sleeve (2) to receive the vibration of the monitoring sleeve (2) and deform itself, and change the emission wavelength through its own deformation; The light intensity sensor (4) is installed on the monitoring support (1) and is used to monitor the strong light of the switch cabinet discharge state. The interferometer (6) is located below the DFB laser (3), and the receiving window of the interferometer (6) faces the transmitting window of the DFB laser (3) to receive the wavelength signal emitted by the DFB laser (3). The laser receiver (5) is fitted around the interferometer (6) to receive the emitted light spot of the DFB laser (3) and simulate the motion trajectory of the emitted light spot of the DFB laser (3). The protective cover (7) is installed below the monitoring support (1) to provide a darkroom environment for the interferometer (6) and the laser receiver (5); The discharge states include: the wavelength signal received by the interferometer (6) changes, or the motion trajectory simulated by the laser receiver (5) changes; and the monitoring light intensity of the light intensity sensor (4) reaches a preset value.

2. The switchgear discharge status monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A buffer section (11) is provided above the monitoring support (1). The buffer section (11) is connected to the top wall inside the switch cabinet and is made of vibration damping material.

3. The switchgear discharge status monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper surface of the DFB laser (3) is flush with the surface of the connector (21). The DFB laser (3) includes laser terminals (31). Multiple laser terminals (31) are embedded in the upper surface of the DFB laser (3). The connecting groove (12) is embedded with a number of connecting terminals (121) equal to the number of laser terminals (31). The connecting terminals (121) are in contact with the laser terminals (31).

4. The switchgear discharge status monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Multiple laser terminals (31) are arranged in a ring around the central axis of the DFB laser (3) on the DFB laser (3), and the area of ​​the laser terminals (31) is smaller than the area of ​​the connecting terminals (121).

5. The switchgear discharge status monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring sleeve (2) is configured as a cylindrical structure, and an installation channel (22) is provided inside the monitoring sleeve (2). The DFB laser (3) is installed inside the installation channel (22).

6. The switchgear discharge status monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A protective mirror (23) is provided below the installation channel (22), and the protective mirror (23) is configured as a convex lens structure.

7. The switchgear discharge status monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective cover (7) encloses the monitoring sleeve (2), the interferometer (6) and the laser receiver (5), and the protective cover (7) is made of light-absorbing material.

8. The switchgear discharge status monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The light intensity sensor (4) is located outside the protective cover (7), and the light intensity sensor (4) is installed on the side of the monitoring support (1) near the equipment inside the switch cabinet.

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