Reflective heat-insulating composite waterproof material for roofing and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of roofing reflective heat insulation composite waterproof materials, it is related to building waterproof material technical field, the composite waterproof material includes by upper to lower sequentially arranged reflective heat insulation particle layer, polyester tire waterproof sheet layer and non-cured rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer, reflective heat insulation particle layer is made of reflective heat insulation particle, reflective heat insulation particle is the small ball with 1±0.05mm diameter formed by coating to quartz sand surface after adopting graphene, silver powder, inorganic thermal insulation material, flame retardant, adhesive material, dispersing agent, defoaming agent and deionized water raw materials are mixed.The application also provides the preparation method of the above-mentioned composite waterproof material.The composite waterproof material of the application has excellent waterproof, reflective heat insulation and flame-retardant performance, graphene and silver powder in reflective heat insulation particle layer have high reflectivity, can effectively reflect solar radiation heat, inorganic thermal insulation material can reduce heat transfer, improve the heat insulation effect, the addition of flame retardant gives material good flame-retardant performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building waterproofing materials technology, and more specifically, to a reflective heat-insulating composite waterproofing material for roofs and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Roof waterproofing is a crucial component of building construction, directly impacting the building's lifespan and the comfort of its inhabitants. While traditional modified bitumen waterproofing membranes offer good waterproofing performance, they suffer from significant shortcomings in heat insulation and flame retardancy. In the high temperatures of summer, the roof absorbs substantial amounts of solar radiation, leading to increased indoor temperatures and higher air conditioning energy consumption. Furthermore, traditional waterproofing membranes are often flammable materials, posing a fire hazard when exposed to open flames.

[0003] In existing technologies, some reflective heat-insulating and waterproof materials achieve their heat-insulating effect by coating the surface of the roll material with a reflective coating. However, the adhesion between the coating and the roll material is poor, making it prone to peeling off and affecting its service life. Furthermore, its flame-retardant performance improvement is limited, making it difficult to meet the requirements of high-safety-level roofing projects. In addition, some composite waterproof materials have complex manufacturing processes and high production costs, hindering large-scale application. Therefore, developing a composite waterproof material for roofing that combines excellent waterproofing, reflective heat insulation, and flame-retardant properties, with a simple manufacturing process and controllable cost, is of significant practical importance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, one of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a reflective heat insulation composite waterproof material for roofing, so as to solve the technical problem that the existing reflective heat insulation waterproof materials achieve the heat insulation effect by coating a reflective coating on the surface of the roll material, but the coating has poor adhesion to the roll material and is easy to fall off, which leads to poor reflective heat insulation and flame retardant performance.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A reflective heat-insulating composite waterproof material for roofing includes, from top to bottom, a reflective heat-insulating particle layer, a polyester-based waterproof membrane layer, and a non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer. The reflective heat-insulating particle layer is composed of reflective heat-insulating particles, which are small spheres with a diameter of 1±0.05 mm formed by coating a mixture of graphene, silver powder, inorganic insulation material, flame retardant, adhesive, dispersant, defoamer, and deionized water onto a quartz sand surface. The raw materials, by weight, are: 5-10 parts graphene, 10-20 parts silver powder, 10-15 parts inorganic insulation material, 15-20 parts flame retardant, 30-40 parts adhesive, 0.5-1 part dispersant, 0.2-0.5 parts defoamer, and 10-20 parts deionized water. The polyester-based waterproof layer is composed of a base asphalt, a softener, a modifier, a reinforcing agent, and a long-filament polyester base. The reinforcing agent is formulated into a coating material according to a certain proportion. The base asphalt, softener, and other materials are mixed in a certain proportion to form a prepreg. After treating the long-filament base fabric with the prepreg, the coating material is applied top and bottom. The raw materials of the prepreg, by weight, are: 70-80 parts base asphalt, 10-15 parts softener, and 1-5 parts reinforcing agent. The raw materials of the coating material, by weight, are: 60-70 parts base asphalt, 10-15 parts softener, 5-15 parts modifier, and... The non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer is made from base asphalt, softener, modifier, stabilizer, and filler raw materials through modification, grinding, and homogenization processes. The raw materials are in the following proportions by mass: base asphalt 60-70 parts, softener 10-15 parts, modifier 5-15 parts, stabilizer 0.2-1 parts, and filler 10-15 parts. The polyester-based waterproof membrane has a thickness of not less than 2 mm.

[0006] The composite waterproof material of this invention consists of a reflective heat-insulating particle layer, a polyester-based waterproof membrane layer, and a non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer. The three-layer structure works synergistically to give the material excellent single-layer laying, double-layer waterproofing, reflective heat insulation, and flame-retardant properties. The graphene and silver powder in the reflective heat-insulating particle layer have high reflectivity and can effectively reflect solar radiation heat. The inorganic heat insulation material can reduce heat transfer and improve the heat insulation effect. The addition of flame retardant gives the material good flame-retardant properties.

[0007] Preferably, the method for preparing the reflective heat-insulating particles includes the following steps: (A) Raw material pretreatment: Place the quartz sand in a hot air drying oven and dry it at 100-110℃ for 1-2 hours to remove surface moisture and set aside; sieve the graphene, silver powder, inorganic thermal insulation material and flame retardant through a 100-mesh sieve to remove agglomerated particles. (B) First, add the adhesive material to a high-speed mixer and start the mixer at a speed of 500-600 r / min. During the mixing process, first add the dispersant for 5-10 min, then add graphene, silver powder, inorganic thermal insulation material and flame retardant in sequence, and finally add the defoamer and continue mixing for 5-10 min. Finally, increase the mixing speed to 1000-1500 r / min and continue mixing until the viscosity of the mixture is 500-1000 mPa·s. (C) Add the pretreated quartz sand into the roller coating machine, turn on the equipment, and make the roller rotate at a speed of 30-50 r / min. Spray the prepared mixture evenly onto the rotating quartz sand surface through the spraying device. Control the amount of coating to be 10-20% of the mass of quartz sand. Keep the roller rotating for 30-60 minutes to ensure that the quartz sand surface is evenly covered with coating. (D) The coated quartz sand is transferred to a hot air drying oven and dried at 80-100℃ for 2-3 hours. After drying, it is naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain reflective heat insulation particles.

[0008] Preferably, the graphene has a particle size of 5-10 μm and a purity of ≥99%; the silver powder is spherical with an average particle size of 1-3 μm and a purity of ≥99.5%; the inorganic thermal insulation material is nano-silica aerogel with a particle size of 50-100 nm; the flame retardant is aluminum hydroxide powder with a particle size of 2-5 μm; the adhesive material is an aqueous epoxy resin emulsion with a solid content of 50%; the dispersant is a polycarboxylate dispersant; and the defoamer is an organosilicon defoamer.

[0009] Preferably, the preparation method of the non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating includes the following steps: (a) Preheating treatment of raw materials: The base asphalt and softener are preheated separately at a temperature of 135-145℃ for 15-25 minutes and kept warm for later use. (b) Mixing and stirring: The preheated base asphalt is fed into the high-speed shear mixing tank through a metering pump. The mixing tank is turned on, and the preheated softener is added during the mixing process. The mixing is continued for 10-15 minutes. Then the modifier is added, the mixing speed is increased, the temperature is raised to 170-180℃, and the mixing is continued for 90-120 minutes until the modifier is completely swollen and dispersed. (c) Grinding and dispersing treatment: The stirred mixture is sent to a colloid mill by a transfer pump for grinding and dispersing treatment 2-3 times. The grinding temperature is controlled at 160±5℃ and the grinding time is controlled at 15-30s each time. (d) The ground material and filler are fed into a homogenization mixing tank, the homogenization temperature is set to 160-170℃, and the mixture is stirred for 55-65 minutes to fully homogenize the material and obtain the non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating.

[0010] Preferably, the base asphalt is 70# asphalt or 90# asphalt; the softener is aromatic oil, naphthenic oil, or a mixture of both; the modifier includes at least one of APAO, SBS, and SBR; the stabilizer is a mixture of zinc stearate and mannitol in a mass ratio of 3:1; and the filler is a mixture of heavy calcium carbonate and talc in a mass ratio of 3:1.

[0011] Preferably, the preparation method of the polyester-based waterproof membrane includes the following steps: (e) Tire base unfolding: The rolled polyester tire is installed on the unwinding machine and unfolded smoothly to form the tire base through the tension control device. The tension is set to 50-80N and the unfolding speed is controlled at 35-55m / min. (f) Carcass drying: The carcass processed in step (e) is placed in a hot air drying oven for drying to remove moisture from the surface of the carcass; (g) Prepreg: The dried tire base enters the prepreg tank, where prepreg is placed to allow the tire base to be fully impregnated; (h) Impregnation: The pre-impregnated base material is completely immersed in the impregnation tank, which contains modified bitumen coating material. The coating material is pressed onto the surface of the base material by a coating roller to obtain a polyester waterproof membrane of the corresponding thickness.

[0012] Preferably, in step (f), the drying temperature is 105-120℃ and the drying time is 30-45s, and the drying treatment of the base material is such that the volatile matter on its surface is controlled to be ≤0.5%.

[0013] Preferably, in step (h), the pressure of the roller is 0.2-0.3 MPa and the dip coating temperature is 160-180℃.

[0014] The second objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned reflective heat-insulating composite waterproof material for roofs, comprising the following steps: (1) Apply non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating: Apply non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating to the underside of the polyester waterproof membrane with a thickness of ≥2mm; and cover with a release film for protection; (2) Suspension cooling: The base material after impregnation enters the suspension cooling device. The room temperature water flowing out of the water supply system is sprayed out through the upper and lower nozzles to initially cool the surface of the material, so that the coating surface is initially solidified, and then the modified bitumen waterproof membrane is obtained. (3) Sand covering process: The reflective heat insulation particles are evenly distributed on the surface of the modified bitumen waterproof membrane by the material distributor, and then the pressure roller of the pressing device is used to press the particles to ensure that the particles are embedded in the coating surface. (4) The material after sand covering immediately enters the secondary cooling device. The water supply system provides cold water to reduce the material temperature to room temperature, thus obtaining the roof reflective heat insulation composite waterproof material.

[0015] Furthermore, in step (2), the material is initially cooled until the surface temperature drops to 60-80°C.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The composite waterproof material of the present invention consists of a reflective heat-insulating particle layer, a polyester-based waterproof membrane layer, and a non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer. The three-layer structure works synergistically to give the material excellent waterproof, reflective heat insulation, and flame-retardant properties. The graphene and silver powder in the reflective heat-insulating particle layer have high reflectivity and can effectively reflect solar radiation heat. The inorganic heat insulation material can reduce heat transfer and improve the heat insulation effect. The addition of flame retardant gives the material good flame-retardant properties.

[0017] 2. The solar reflectance of the composite waterproof material prepared by this invention meets the standard requirements (≥0.25). When the ambient temperature is around 75℃ and 95℃, the temperature difference transmitted through the material is significantly lower than that of the control sample, indicating that it has a good reflective heat insulation effect. Electron micrographs show that there is an obvious graphene layered structure in the reflective heat insulation particles, which verifies the effective bonding of the raw materials. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the preparation process of a reflective heat-insulating composite waterproof material for roofing according to the present invention. Figure 2 A 5.00 kX magnified electron microscope image of the reflective heat-insulating particles prepared for an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A magnified electron microscope image of the reflective heat-insulating particles prepared for an embodiment of the present invention, at 25.00 kX. Figure 4 Electron micrograph of the inner layer structure of the reflective heat-insulating particles prepared in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 The images show thermal reflection images of various materials at an ambient temperature of around 75°C in this embodiment of the invention. In the images, the middle one is the reflective heat-insulating composite waterproof material prepared in Example 1, and the other four are comparative samples. Figure 6 The images show thermal reflection images of various materials at an ambient temperature of approximately 95°C in this embodiment of the invention. In the images, the middle one is the reflective heat-insulating composite waterproof material prepared in Example 1, and the other four are comparative samples. Figure 7 The diagram shows the original arrangement of materials in the embodiments of the present invention. In the diagram, the middle one is the reflective heat-insulating composite waterproof material prepared in Example 1, and the other four are comparative samples. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Unless otherwise specified, all test materials and reagents used in the following examples are commercially available. For any specific techniques or conditions not specified in the examples, they can be performed in accordance with the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or in accordance with the product instructions.

[0021] A reflective heat-insulating composite waterproof material for roofing includes, from top to bottom, a reflective heat-insulating particle layer, a polyester-based waterproof membrane layer, and a non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer. The reflective heat-insulating particle layer is composed of reflective heat-insulating particles, which are small spheres with a diameter of 1±0.05mm formed by coating a mixture of graphene, silver powder, inorganic thermal insulation material, flame retardant, adhesive material, dispersant, defoamer, and deionized water onto the surface of quartz sand. The graphene has a particle size of 5-10μm and a purity of ≥99%; the silver powder is spherical with an average particle size of 1-3μm and a purity of ≥99.5%; the inorganic thermal insulation material is nano-silica aerogel with a particle size of 50-100nm; the flame retardant is aluminum hydroxide powder with a particle size of 2-5μm; the adhesive material is an aqueous epoxy resin emulsion with a solid content of 50%; the dispersant is a polycarboxylate dispersant; the defoamer is an organosilicon defoamer; and the polyester-based waterproof membrane has a thickness of not less than 2mm.

[0022] The polyester waterproof layer is composed of base asphalt, softener, modifier, reinforcing agent, and long-filament polyester fabric. The base asphalt, softener, modifier, and reinforcing agent are prepared into a coating material in a certain proportion. The base asphalt, softener, etc. are mixed into a prepreg in a certain proportion. After the long-filament fabric is treated with the prepreg, the coating material is applied to both the top and bottom.

[0023] The non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer is prepared from base asphalt, softener, modifier, stabilizer, and filler raw materials through modification, grinding, and homogenization processes; the graphene has a particle size of 5-10 μm and a purity ≥99%; the silver powder is spherical with an average particle size of 1-3 μm and a purity ≥99.5%; the inorganic thermal insulation material is nano-silica aerogel with a particle size of 50-100 nm; the flame retardant is aluminum hydroxide powder with a particle size of 2-5 μm; the adhesive material is an aqueous epoxy resin emulsion with a solid content of 50%; the softener is aromatic oil, naphthenic oil, or a mixture of both; the dispersant is a polycarboxylate dispersant; the defoamer is an organosilicon defoamer; and the modifier is at least one of APAO, SBS, and SBR. Example

[0024] This embodiment provides a reflective heat-insulating composite waterproof material for roofing, which includes a reflective heat-insulating particle layer, a polyester-based waterproof membrane layer, and a non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The reflective heat insulation particle layer is composed of reflective heat insulation particles, which are small spheres with a diameter of 1±0.05mm formed by coating a mixture of graphene, silver powder, inorganic thermal insulation material, flame retardant, adhesive, dispersant, defoamer and deionized water onto the surface of quartz sand. The raw materials are in the following proportions by weight: 3 parts graphene, 6 parts silver powder, 15 parts inorganic thermal insulation material, 20 parts flame retardant, 35 parts adhesive, 0.5 parts dispersant, 0.5 parts defoamer and 20 parts deionized water. The polyester waterproof layer is composed of base bitumen, softener, modifier, reinforcing agent, and long-filament polyester. The raw materials of the prepreg are as follows by weight: 80 parts base bitumen, 15 parts softener, and 5 parts reinforcing agent; the raw materials of the coating are as follows by weight: 60 parts base bitumen, 15 parts softener, 10 parts modifier, 1 part reinforcing agent, and 14 parts filler. The non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer is made from base asphalt, softener, modifier, stabilizer and filler raw materials through modification, grinding and homogenization processes. The raw materials are in the following proportions by weight: 64 parts base asphalt, 15 parts softener, 10 parts modifier, 1 part stabilizer and 10 parts filler. The preparation of a reflective thermal insulation composite waterproof material for roofing based on the above materials includes the following steps: Preparation of reflective heat-insulating particles: Quartz sand was placed in a hot air drying oven and dried at 105℃ for 2 hours to remove surface moisture and set aside. Graphene, silver powder, inorganic thermal insulation material, and flame retardant were sieved through a 100-mesh sieve to remove agglomerated particles. The adhesive material was first added to a high-speed mixer and stirred at a speed of 550 r / min. Deionized water was added during stirring until the mixture was homogeneous. Then, a dispersant and defoamer were added and stirring was continued for 10 minutes. Finally, graphene, silver powder, inorganic thermal insulation material, and flame retardant were added sequentially, and the stirring speed was increased to 1500 r / min. Continue stirring until the viscosity of the mixture reaches 500-1000 mPa·s; add the pretreated quartz sand to a roller coating machine, turn on the equipment, and rotate the roller at a speed of 40 r / min. Use a spraying device to evenly spray the prepared mixture onto the surface of the rotating quartz sand, controlling the amount of coating to be 10-20% of the mass of the quartz sand. Keep the roller rotating for 50 minutes to ensure that the surface of the quartz sand is evenly covered with coating; transfer the coated quartz sand to a hot air drying oven and dry it at 100℃ for 2 hours. After drying, allow it to cool naturally to room temperature to obtain reflective heat insulation particles. Preparation of polyester-based waterproof membrane: The rolled polyester membrane is installed on an unwinding machine and smoothly unwound to form the base material using a tension control device. The tension is set to 60N, and the unwinding speed is controlled at 50m / min. When a roll of base material is almost used up, a new base material is overlapped with the old base material using an automatic splicing machine (overlap width 10-15cm). Hot melt adhesive tape is used for bonding, ensuring the joint is flat and firm. The spliced ​​base material is then introduced into a storage rack, with a storage length maintained at 30-40m to buffer against speed fluctuations in subsequent processes. The treated base material is then placed in a hot air drying oven for drying at a temperature of [temperature missing]. The tire base is dried at 110℃ for 40 seconds to remove surface moisture, with the surface moisture content controlled at ≤0.5%. After drying, the tire base is automatically adjusted to ensure that the centerline deviation is ≤5mm. The dried tire base is then placed in a pre-impregnation tank containing non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating, allowing the coating to initially penetrate the tire base. The pre-impregnated tire base is then placed in an impregnation tank, which also contains non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating. The non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating is pressed onto the tire base surface using a coating roller with a pressure of 0.3MPa and an impregnation temperature of 170℃. Preparation of non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating: The base asphalt and softener are preheated separately at 140℃ for 20 minutes and kept at that temperature. The preheated base asphalt is then pumped into a high-speed shear mixer using a metering pump. The mixer is turned on and the speed is set to 600 rpm. During mixing, the preheated softener is added, and mixing continues for 15 minutes. Then, the modifier is added, the mixing speed is increased to 1200 rpm, the temperature is raised to 175℃, and mixing continues for another 100 minutes until the modifier is completely swollen and dispersed. The mixed material is then pumped into a colloid mill for grinding and dispersion 2-3 times, with the grinding temperature controlled at 160℃ and each grinding time controlled at 20 seconds. The ground material and filler are then fed into a homogenizing mixer, with the homogenization temperature set at 165℃ and the homogenization speed at 1000 rpm, and stirred for 60 minutes to ensure thorough homogenization, thus obtaining the non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating. Apply non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating: Apply non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating to the underside of the polyester waterproof membrane with a thickness of ≥2mm, and cover with a release film for protection; Suspension cooling: After dipping, the base material enters the suspension cooling device. The room temperature water flowing out of the water supply system is sprayed out through the upper and lower nozzles to initially cool the material surface until the material surface temperature drops to 70°C, so that the coating surface is initially cured, and thus the modified bitumen waterproof membrane is obtained. Sand coating process: The reflective heat insulation particles are evenly distributed on the surface of the modified bitumen waterproof membrane using a material distributor, and then the pressure rollers of the pressing device are used to press the particles to ensure that they are embedded in the coating surface. Embossing process: The sand-coated material enters the embossing roller group, and an embossing roller with a pattern depth of 0.5-1mm is used to press an anti-slip pattern on the lower layer (non-sand-coated surface), with the pressure controlled at 0.1-0.2MPa; After being coated with sand, the material immediately enters a secondary cooling device. The water supply system provides cold water to lower the material temperature to room temperature, thus producing a reflective heat-insulating composite waterproof material for roofing. After cooling, the composite waterproof material is trimmed at the edges (retaining a width of 1000-1200mm) and then enters the winding machine. The winding tension is set to 100N, and the roll diameter is controlled to ≤500mm. Each roll of material is automatically labeled with information such as specifications, length, and production date. Sampling inspections are conducted on indicators such as appearance, thickness, and weight. Example

[0025] This embodiment provides a reflective heat-insulating composite waterproof material for roofing, which includes a reflective heat-insulating particle layer, a polyester-based waterproof membrane layer, and a non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The reflective heat insulation particle layer is composed of reflective heat insulation particles, which are small spheres with a diameter of 1±0.05mm formed by coating a mixture of graphene, silver powder, inorganic thermal insulation material, flame retardant, adhesive, dispersant, defoamer and deionized water onto the surface of quartz sand. The raw materials are in the following proportions by weight: 2 parts graphene, 10 parts silver powder, 15 parts inorganic thermal insulation material, 15 parts flame retardant, 40 parts adhesive, 0.5 parts dispersant, 0.5 parts defoamer and 17 parts deionized water. The polyester waterproof layer is composed of base bitumen, softener, modifier, reinforcing agent, and long-filament polyester. The raw materials of the prepreg are as follows by weight: 80 parts base bitumen, 15 parts softener, and 5 parts reinforcing agent; the raw materials of the coating are as follows by weight: 60 parts base bitumen, 15 parts softener, 10 parts modifier, 1 part reinforcing agent, and 14 parts filler. The non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer is made from base asphalt, softener, modifier, stabilizer and filler raw materials through modification, grinding and homogenization processes. The raw materials are in the following proportions by weight: 60 parts base asphalt, 15 parts softener, 14 parts modifier, 1 part stabilizer and 10 parts filler. The preparation of a reflective thermal insulation composite waterproof material for roofing based on the above materials includes the following steps: Preparation of reflective heat-insulating particles: Quartz sand was placed in a hot air drying oven and dried at 100℃ for 2 hours to remove surface moisture and set aside. Graphene, silver powder, inorganic thermal insulation material, and flame retardant were sieved through a 100-mesh sieve to remove agglomerated particles. The adhesive material was first added to a high-speed mixer and stirred at a speed of 500 r / min. Deionized water was added during stirring until the mixture was homogeneous. Then, a dispersant and defoamer were added and stirring was continued for 10 minutes. Finally, graphene, silver powder, inorganic thermal insulation material, and flame retardant were added sequentially, and the stirring speed was increased to 1000 r / min. Continue stirring at 30 r / min until the viscosity of the mixture reaches 500-1000 mPa·s; add the pretreated quartz sand to a roller coating machine, turn on the equipment, and rotate the roller at 30 r / min. Use a spraying device to evenly spray the prepared mixture onto the surface of the rotating quartz sand, controlling the amount of coating to be 10-20% of the mass of the quartz sand. Keep the roller rotating for 60 min to ensure that the surface of the quartz sand is evenly covered with coating; transfer the coated quartz sand to a hot air drying oven and dry at 80℃ for 3 h. After drying, allow it to cool naturally to room temperature to obtain reflective heat insulation particles; Preparation of polyester-based waterproof membrane: The rolled polyester membrane is installed on an unwinding machine and smoothly unwound to form the base material using a tension control device. The tension is set to 60N, and the unwinding speed is controlled at 50m / min. When a roll of base material is almost used up, a new base material is overlapped with the old base material using an automatic splicing machine (overlap width 10-15cm). Hot melt adhesive tape is used for bonding, ensuring the joint is flat and firm. The spliced ​​base material is then introduced into a storage rack, with a storage length maintained at 30-40m to buffer against speed fluctuations in subsequent processes. The treated base material is then placed in a hot air drying oven for drying at a temperature of [temperature missing]. The tire base is dried at 110℃ for 40 seconds to remove surface moisture, with the surface moisture content controlled at ≤0.5%. After drying, the tire base is automatically adjusted to ensure that the centerline deviation is ≤5mm. The dried tire base is then placed in a pre-impregnation tank containing non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating, allowing the coating to initially penetrate the tire base. The pre-impregnated tire base is then placed in an impregnation tank, which also contains non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating. The non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating is pressed onto the tire base surface using a coating roller with a pressure of 0.3MPa and an impregnation temperature of 170℃. Preparation of non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating: The base asphalt and softener are preheated separately at 135℃ for 25 minutes and kept at that temperature. The preheated base asphalt is then pumped into a high-speed shear mixer using a metering pump. The mixer is turned on and the speed is set to 500 rpm. During mixing, the preheated softener is added, and mixing continues for 15 minutes. Then, the modifier is added, the mixing speed is increased to 1000 rpm, the temperature is raised to 180℃, and mixing continues for 90 minutes until the modifier is completely swollen and dispersed. The mixed material is then pumped into a colloid mill for grinding and dispersion 2-3 times, with the grinding temperature controlled at 160℃ and each grinding time controlled at 30 seconds. The ground material and filler are then fed into a homogenization mixing tank, with the homogenization temperature set at 160℃ and the homogenization speed at 1000 rpm, and stirred for 55 minutes to ensure thorough homogenization, thus obtaining the non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating. Apply non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating: Apply non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating to the underside of the polyester-based waterproof membrane with a thickness of ≥2mm; and cover with a release film for protection; Suspension cooling: After dipping, the base material enters the suspension cooling device. The room temperature water flowing out of the water supply system is sprayed out through the upper and lower nozzles to initially cool the material surface until the material surface temperature drops to 70°C, so that the coating surface is initially cured, and thus the modified bitumen waterproof membrane is obtained. Sand coating process: The reflective heat insulation particles are evenly distributed on the surface of the modified bitumen waterproof membrane using a material distributor, and then the pressure rollers of the pressing device are used to press the particles to ensure that they are embedded in the coating surface. Embossing process: The sand-coated material enters the embossing roller group, and an embossing roller with a pattern depth of 0.5-1mm is used to press an anti-slip pattern on the lower layer (non-sand-coated surface), with the pressure controlled at 0.1-0.2MPa; After being coated with sand, the material immediately enters a secondary cooling device. The water supply system provides cold water to lower the material temperature to room temperature, thus producing a reflective heat-insulating composite waterproof material for roofing. After cooling, the composite waterproof material is trimmed at the edges (retaining a width of 1000-1200mm) and then enters the winding machine. The winding tension is set to 80-100N, and the roll diameter is controlled to ≤500mm. Each roll of material is automatically labeled with information such as specifications, length, and production date. Sampling inspections are conducted on indicators such as appearance, thickness, and weight. Example

[0026] This embodiment provides a reflective heat-insulating composite waterproof material for roofing, which includes a reflective heat-insulating particle layer, a polyester-based waterproof membrane layer, and a non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The reflective heat insulation particle layer is composed of reflective heat insulation particles, which are small spheres with a diameter of 1±0.05mm formed by coating a mixture of graphene, silver powder, inorganic thermal insulation material, flame retardant, adhesive, dispersant, defoamer and deionized water onto the surface of quartz sand. The raw materials are in the following proportions by weight: 5 parts graphene, 5 parts silver powder, 10 parts inorganic thermal insulation material, 20 parts flame retardant, 39 parts adhesive, 0.5 parts dispersant, 0.5 parts defoamer and 20 parts deionized water. The polyester waterproof layer is composed of base bitumen, softener, modifier, reinforcing agent, and long-filament polyester. The raw materials of the prepreg are as follows by weight: 80 parts base bitumen, 15 parts softener, and 5 parts reinforcing agent; the raw materials of the coating are as follows by weight: 60 parts base bitumen, 15 parts softener, 10 parts modifier, 1 part reinforcing agent, and 14 parts filler. The non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer is made from base asphalt, softener, modifier, stabilizer and filler raw materials through modification, grinding and homogenization processes. The raw materials are in the following proportions by weight: 65 parts base asphalt, 15 parts softener, 5 parts modifier, 1 part stabilizer and 14 parts filler. The preparation of a reflective thermal insulation composite waterproof material for roofing based on the above materials includes the following steps: Preparation of reflective heat-insulating particles: Quartz sand was placed in a hot air drying oven and dried at 110℃ for 1 hour to remove surface moisture and set aside. Graphene, silver powder, inorganic thermal insulation material, and flame retardant were sieved through a 100-mesh sieve to remove agglomerated particles. The adhesive material was first added to a high-speed mixer and stirred at a speed of 600 r / min. Deionized water was added during stirring until the mixture was homogeneous. Then, a dispersant and defoamer were added and stirring was continued for 5 minutes. Finally, graphene, silver powder, inorganic thermal insulation material, and flame retardant were added sequentially, and the stirring speed was increased to 1500 r / min. Continue stirring until the viscosity of the mixture reaches 500-1000 mPa·s; add the pretreated quartz sand to a roller coating machine, turn on the equipment, and rotate the roller at a speed of 30-50 r / min. Use a spraying device to evenly spray the prepared mixture onto the surface of the rotating quartz sand, controlling the amount of coating to be 10-20% of the mass of the quartz sand. Keep the roller rotating for 60 minutes to ensure that the surface of the quartz sand is evenly covered with coating; transfer the coated quartz sand to a hot air drying oven and dry it at 100℃ for 2 hours. After drying, allow it to cool naturally to room temperature to obtain reflective heat insulation particles. Preparation of polyester-based waterproof membrane: The rolled polyester membrane is installed on an unwinding machine and smoothly unwound to form the base material using a tension control device. The tension is set to 60N, and the unwinding speed is controlled at 50m / min. When a roll of base material is almost used up, a new base material is overlapped with the old base material using an automatic splicing machine (overlap width 10-15cm). Hot melt adhesive tape is used for bonding, ensuring the joint is flat and firm. The spliced ​​base material is then introduced into a storage rack, with a storage length maintained at 30-40m to buffer against speed fluctuations in subsequent processes. The treated base material is then placed in a hot air drying oven for drying at a temperature of [temperature missing]. The tire base is dried at 110℃ for 40 seconds to remove surface moisture, with the surface moisture content controlled at ≤0.5%. After drying, the tire base is automatically adjusted to ensure that the centerline deviation is ≤5mm. The dried tire base is then placed in a pre-impregnation tank containing non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating, allowing the coating to initially penetrate the tire base. The pre-impregnated tire base is then placed in an impregnation tank, which also contains non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating. The non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating is pressed onto the tire base surface using a coating roller with a pressure of 0.3MPa and an impregnation temperature of 170℃. Preparation of non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating: The base asphalt and softener are preheated separately at 145℃ for 15 minutes and kept at that temperature. The preheated base asphalt is then pumped into a high-speed shear mixer using a metering pump. The mixer is turned on and the speed is set to 800 rpm. During mixing, the preheated softener is added, and mixing continues for 10 minutes. Then, the modifier is added, the mixing speed is increased to 1200 rpm, the temperature is raised to 170℃, and mixing continues for 120 minutes until the modifier is completely swollen and dispersed. The mixed material is then pumped into a colloid mill for grinding and dispersion 2-3 times, with the grinding temperature controlled at 165℃ and each grinding time controlled at 15 seconds. The ground material and filler are then fed into a homogenization mixing tank, where the homogenization temperature is set to 170℃, the homogenization speed is 1000 rpm, and mixing continues for 55 minutes to ensure thorough homogenization, thus obtaining the non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating. Apply non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating: Apply non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating to the underside of the polyester-based waterproof membrane with a thickness of ≥2mm; and cover with a release film for protection; Suspension cooling: After dipping, the base material enters the suspension cooling device. The room temperature water flowing out of the water supply system is sprayed out through the upper and lower nozzles to initially cool the material surface until the material surface temperature drops to 70°C, so that the coating surface is initially cured, and thus the modified bitumen waterproof membrane is obtained. Sand coating process: The reflective heat insulation particles are evenly distributed on the surface of the modified bitumen waterproof membrane by the material distributor, and then rolled by the pressure roller of the pressing device to ensure that the particles are embedded in the coating surface. Embossing process: The sand-coated material enters the embossing roller group, and an embossing roller with a pattern depth of 0.5-1mm is used to press an anti-slip pattern on the lower layer (non-sand-coated surface), with the pressure controlled at 0.1-0.2MPa; After being coated with sand, the material immediately enters a secondary cooling device. The water supply system provides cold water to lower the material temperature to room temperature, thus producing a reflective heat-insulating composite waterproof material for roofing. After cooling, the composite waterproof material is trimmed at the edges (retaining a width of 1000-1200mm) and then enters the winding machine. The winding tension is set to 100N, and the roll diameter is controlled to ≤500mm. Each roll of material is automatically labeled with information such as specifications, length, and production date. Sampling inspections are conducted on indicators such as appearance, thickness, and weight.

[0027] The performance of the reflective heat-insulating particles and composite waterproof material prepared in Example 1 above was tested, and the results are as follows:

[0028] The reflective heat-insulating particles prepared in Example 1 were examined by electron microscopy, and the results are as follows: Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the layered structure of graphene can be clearly seen; the cross-sectional electron microscope image of the reflective heat-insulating particles prepared in Example 1 after being cut 10 micrometers using potassium ion radiation (EMS) is shown. Figure 4 Multiple layers (graphene) can be clearly seen.

[0029] The reflective heat-insulating composite waterproof material prepared in Example 1 was compared with four control samples using thermal reflection imaging tests: Comparative sample 1 uses ordinary rock chips instead of the reflective heat-insulating granular layer on the surface of the reflective heat-insulating composite waterproof material prepared in Example 1; Comparative sample 2 uses an existing polyethylene film instead of the reflective heat-insulating granular layer on the surface of the reflective heat-insulating composite waterproof material prepared in Example 1; Comparative sample 3 is a composite material with a reflective heat insulation layer formed on the surface of the reflective heat insulation composite waterproof material prepared in Example 1, which is replaced by a color aluminum foil film forming an upper surface film. Comparative sample 4 uses ordinary colored rock chips instead of the reflective heat-insulating granular layer on the surface of the reflective heat-insulating composite waterproof material prepared in Example 1.

[0030] Test results are as follows Figures 5-7 As shown, Figure 5 These are thermal reflection images of various materials at an ambient temperature of approximately 75°C. Figure 6 These are thermal reflection images of various materials at an ambient temperature of approximately 95°C. Figure 7 The diagram shows the original arrangement of the materials. In the diagram, the material in the middle is the reflective heat-insulating composite waterproof material prepared in Example 1; the material in the upper left is control sample 1; the material in the upper right is control sample 2; the material in the lower left is control sample 3; and the material in the lower right is control sample 4. According to the results in the attached diagram, the temperature differences transmitted through the reflective heat-insulating composite waterproof material prepared in Example 1 are 51.5℃, 51.2℃, and 51.0℃ at an ambient temperature of approximately 75℃, and 70.2℃, 69.8℃, and 69.5℃ at an ambient temperature of approximately 95℃, all lower than those of the control samples.

[0031] The solar reflectance of the roof reflective thermal insulation composite waterproof materials prepared in Examples 1-3 was tested, and the results are shown in the table below.

[0032] Solar reflectance 0.2610 0.2532 0.2511 ≥0.25 The composite waterproof material of this invention consists of a reflective heat-insulating particle layer, a polyester-based waterproof membrane layer, and a non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer. The three layers work synergistically to give the material excellent waterproof, reflective heat-insulating, and flame-retardant properties. The graphene and silver powder in the reflective heat-insulating particle layer have high reflectivity, effectively reflecting solar radiation heat. The inorganic insulation material reduces heat transfer and improves the heat insulation effect, while the addition of flame retardants gives the material good flame-retardant properties. The solar reflectance of this composite waterproof material meets the standard requirements (≥0.25). At ambient temperatures of approximately 75℃ and 95℃, the temperature difference transmitted through the material is significantly lower than that of the control sample, indicating its good reflective heat-insulating effect. Electron micrographs show a distinct graphene layered structure in the reflective heat-insulating particles, verifying the effective bonding of the raw materials.

[0033] The embodiments disclosed in this invention are preferred embodiments, but are not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can easily understand the spirit of this invention based on the above embodiments and make different extensions and variations, but as long as they do not depart from the spirit of this invention, they are all within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A reflective heat-insulating composite waterproof material for roofing, characterized in that: It includes, from top to bottom, a reflective heat-insulating particle layer, a polyester-based waterproof membrane layer, and a non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer; The reflective heat-insulating particle layer is composed of reflective heat-insulating particles, which are small spheres with a diameter of 1±0.05mm formed by coating a mixture of graphene, silver powder, inorganic thermal insulation material, flame retardant, adhesive, dispersant, defoamer, and deionized water onto the surface of quartz sand. The raw materials, by mass, are: 3 parts graphene, 6 parts silver powder, 15 parts inorganic thermal insulation material, 20 parts flame retardant, and 35 parts adhesive. 0.5 parts dispersant, 0.5 parts defoamer, and 20 parts deionized water; or 2 parts graphene, 10 parts silver powder, 15 parts inorganic thermal insulation material, 15 parts flame retardant, 40 parts adhesive material, 0.5 parts dispersant, 0.5 parts defoamer, and 17 parts deionized water; or 5 parts graphene, 5 parts silver powder, 10 parts inorganic thermal insulation material, 20 parts flame retardant, 39 parts adhesive material, 0.5 parts dispersant, 0.5 parts defoamer, and 20 parts deionized water; The graphene has a particle size of 5-10 μm and a purity of ≥99%; the silver powder is spherical with an average particle size of 1-3 μm and a purity of ≥99.5%; the inorganic thermal insulation material is nano-silica aerogel with a particle size of 50-100 nm; the flame retardant is aluminum hydroxide powder with a particle size of 2-5 μm; the adhesive material is an aqueous epoxy resin emulsion with a solid content of 50%; the dispersant is a polycarboxylate dispersant; and the defoamer is an organosilicon defoamer. The polyester-based waterproof membrane layer consists of a base asphalt, a softener, a modifier, a reinforcing agent, a long-filament polyester base, and a filler. The base asphalt, softener, modifier, reinforcing agent, and filler are mixed in a certain proportion to form a coating material. The base asphalt, softener, and reinforcing agent are mixed in a certain proportion to form a prepreg. After the long-filament polyester base is treated with the prepreg, the coating material is applied to both the top and bottom. The raw materials of the prepreg are as follows by mass parts: 70-80 parts base bitumen, 10-15 parts softener, and 1-5 parts reinforcing agent; The raw materials of the coating material are as follows by weight: 60-70 parts base asphalt, 10-15 parts softener, 5-15 parts modifier, 0.2-1 part reinforcing agent, and 10-15 parts filler; The thickness of the polyester waterproof membrane layer shall not be less than 2mm; The non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer is prepared by modifying, grinding, and homogenizing base asphalt, softener, modifier, stabilizer, and filler raw materials. The raw materials are in the following proportions by mass: 60-70 parts base asphalt, 10-15 parts softener, 5-15 parts modifier, 0.2-1 parts stabilizer, and 10-15 parts filler. The stabilizer is a mixture of zinc stearate and mannitol in a mass ratio of 3:

1.

2. The reflective heat-insulating composite waterproof material for roofing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for preparing the reflective heat-insulating particles includes the following steps: (A) Raw material pretreatment: Place the quartz sand in a hot air drying oven and dry it at 100-110℃ for 1-2 hours to remove surface moisture and set aside; sieve the graphene, silver powder, inorganic thermal insulation material and flame retardant through a 100-mesh sieve to remove agglomerated particles. (B) First, add the adhesive material to a high-speed mixer and start the mixer at a speed of 500-600 r / min. Add deionized water during the mixing process until the mixture is homogeneous. Add the dispersant and defoamer and continue mixing for 5-10 min. Finally, add graphene, silver powder, inorganic thermal insulation material and flame retardant in sequence, increase the mixing speed to 1000-1500 r / min and continue mixing until the viscosity of the mixture is 500-1000 mPa·s. (C) Add the pretreated quartz sand into the roller coating machine, turn on the equipment, and make the roller rotate at a speed of 30-50 r / min. Spray the prepared mixture evenly onto the rotating quartz sand surface through the spraying device. Control the amount of coating to be 10-20% of the mass of quartz sand. Keep the roller rotating for 30-60 minutes to ensure that the quartz sand surface is evenly covered with coating. (D) The coated quartz sand is transferred to a hot air drying oven and dried at 80-100℃ for 2-3 hours. After drying, it is naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain reflective heat insulation particles.

3. The reflective heat-insulating composite waterproof material for roofing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base asphalt is 70# asphalt or 90# asphalt; the softener is aromatic oil, naphthenic oil or a mixture of both; the modifier includes at least one of APAO, SBS, and SBR; the filler is a mixture of heavy calcium carbonate and talc in a mass ratio of 3:

1.

4. The reflective heat-insulating composite waterproof material for roofing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for preparing the polyester-based waterproof membrane layer includes the following steps: (e) Tire base unfolding: The rolled polyester tire is installed on the unwinding machine and unfolded smoothly to form the tire base through the tension control device. The tension is set to 50-80N and the unfolding speed is controlled at 35-55m / min. (f) Tire base drying: The tire base processed in step (e) is placed in a hot air drying oven for drying to remove moisture from the surface of the tire base; (g) Prepreg: The dried tire base is placed in a prepreg tank, which contains prepreg material to allow the tire base to be fully impregnated; (h) Impregnation: The pre-impregnated base material is completely immersed in the impregnation tank, which contains modified bitumen coating material. The coating material is pressed onto the surface of the base material by a coating roller to obtain a polyester waterproof membrane of the corresponding thickness.

5. The reflective heat-insulating composite waterproof material for roofing according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step (f), the drying temperature is 105-120℃ and the drying time is 30-45s. The drying treatment of the base material ensures that the volatile matter on its surface is controlled to ≤0.5%.

6. The reflective heat-insulating composite waterproof material for roofing according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step (h), the pressure of the roller is 0.2-0.3 MPa, and the dip coating temperature is 160-180℃.

7. A method for preparing a reflective heat-insulating composite waterproof material for roofing as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Apply non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating: Apply non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating to the underside of the polyester waterproof membrane with a thickness of ≥2mm; and cover with a release film for protection; (2) Suspension cooling: The base material after impregnation enters the suspension cooling device. The room temperature water flowing out of the water supply system is sprayed out through the upper and lower nozzles to initially cool the surface of the material, so that the coating surface is initially solidified, and then the modified bitumen waterproof membrane is obtained. (3) Sand coating process: The reflective heat insulation particles are evenly distributed on the surface of the modified bitumen waterproof membrane by the material distributor, and then the pressure roller of the pressing device is used to press the particles to ensure that the particles are embedded in the coating surface. (4) The material after sand covering immediately enters the secondary cooling device. The water supply system provides cold water to reduce the material temperature to room temperature, thus obtaining the roof reflective heat insulation composite waterproof material.

8. The method for preparing a reflective heat-insulating composite waterproof material for roofing according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step (2), the material is initially cooled until the surface temperature drops to 60-80°C.

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