An antifoaming agent that promotes silicone oil dispersion and effectively suppresses foam, and its preparation method.

Abstract

This invention provides an defoamer with enhanced silicone oil dispersion and effective foam suppression, and its preparation method. The defoamer comprises the following components in the indicated mass percentages: 20%-30% dimethyl silicone oil, 3%-8% alginate, 10%-15% gelatin, 5%-10% stearic acid, 5%-10% palmitic acid, and the balance being aerogel. Through the synergistic effect of the components, such as the thorough mixing of the aerogel with other components, the poor dispersibility of dimethyl silicone oil can be effectively addressed, allowing the defoamer to disperse better in the foam system and effectively improving the defoaming effect. Simultaneously, the defoamer exhibits excellent foam suppression, effectively preventing the regeneration of foam after defoaming. Furthermore, this defoamer can be prepared simply by uniformly mixing the components, avoiding the introduction of catalysts and complex reaction conditions, thus facilitating widespread application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of defoamer technology, specifically to a defoamer that promotes silicone oil dispersion and effectively suppresses foam, and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] In numerous industrial production processes and daily life applications, the generation of foam often causes many problems. For example, in the paint production process, the presence of foam affects the coating performance of the paint, leading to problems such as pores and poor leveling in the coating, which seriously affects the quality and appearance of the paint; in the textile printing and dyeing industry, foam can cause uneven dye distribution, resulting in uneven dyeing and reducing the quality of textiles; in the fermentation industry, excessive foam not only occupies a large amount of fermentation space, but may also cause fermentation liquid to overflow, contaminate production equipment, and even affect the growth and metabolism of microorganisms, reducing fermentation efficiency. To address foaming issues, defoamers are widely used. Dimethyl silicone oil, due to its low surface tension, good chemical stability, and physiological inertness, has become a commonly used defoaming agent. However, dimethyl silicone oil suffers from poor dispersibility in practical applications, making it difficult to disperse uniformly in foam systems and thus hindering its defoaming effect. To improve the dispersibility of dimethyl silicone oil, existing technologies typically employ methods such as adding dispersants, modifying the dimethyl silicone oil, or using special preparation processes. However, these methods often have limitations. For example, adding dispersants may introduce new impurities, affecting the application of defoamers in systems requiring high purity; modifying dimethyl silicone oil may increase production costs, and the modification process is complex, hindering large-scale production; special preparation processes may require specialized equipment and strict reaction conditions, further increasing production difficulty and cost. In addition to defoaming effect, foam suppression performance is also an important indicator for evaluating the quality of defoamers. Many existing defoamers can eliminate foam to a certain extent, but foam easily regenerates shortly after defoaming, failing to achieve a long-lasting foam suppression effect. This necessitates frequent addition of defoamers, increasing costs and potentially negatively impacting the production process. Therefore, developing a defoamer that effectively promotes silicone oil dispersion, possesses good foam suppression properties, and is simple to prepare and easy to promote is of significant practical importance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a defoamer that promotes the dispersion of silicone oil and effectively suppresses foam. This defoamer has excellent defoaming effect and can also effectively prevent the regeneration of foam after defoaming.

[0004] An antifoaming agent that promotes silicone oil dispersion and effectively suppresses foam comprises the following components in the following mass percentages: 20%-30% dimethyl silicone oil, 3%-8% alginate, 10%-15% gelatin, 5%-10% stearic acid, 5%-10% palmitic acid, and the balance being aerogel.

[0005] Optionally, the defoamer that promotes silicone oil dispersion and effectively suppresses foam comprises the following components in the following mass percentages: 23%-28% dimethyl silicone oil, 4%-6% alginate, 12%-14% gelatin, 6%-8% stearic acid, 6%-8% palmitic acid, and the balance being aerogel.

[0006] Optionally, the defoamer that promotes silicone oil dispersion and effectively suppresses foam comprises the following components in weight percentages: 25% dimethyl silicone oil, 5% alginate, 13% gelatin, 7% stearic acid, 7% palmitic acid, and the balance being aerogel.

[0007] Optionally, the viscosity of the dimethyl silicone oil is 500-1000 mPa·s.

[0008] Optionally, the alginate is one or more of sodium alginate, potassium alginate, and ammonium alginate.

[0009] Optionally, the aerogel is one or more of silica aerogel, alumina aerogel, and carbon aerogel.

[0010] A method for preparing the above-mentioned defoamer with the effects of promoting silicone oil dispersion and effective defoaming includes the following steps: The dimethyl silicone oil, the alginate, the gelatin, the stearic acid, the palmitic acid, and the aerogel are mixed and stirred evenly to obtain the defoamer that promotes silicone oil dispersion and has an effective antifoaming effect.

[0011] Optionally, the stirring speed is 300-500 rpm.

[0012] Optionally, the stirring time is 20-30 minutes.

[0013] Optionally, the stirring is carried out at 15-25°C.

[0014] Beneficial effects The defoamer of this invention, through the synergistic effect of its components, and the thorough mixing of the aerogel with other components, can effectively solve the problem of poor dispersibility of dimethyl silicone oil, so that the defoamer is well dispersed in the foam system, improving the defoaming effect. At the same time, it has a good foam suppression effect, preventing the regeneration of foam after defoaming. Moreover, the preparation does not require catalysts or complex reaction conditions, making it easy to promote. Detailed Implementation

[0015] One embodiment of the present invention provides a defoamer that promotes silicone oil dispersion and effectively suppresses foam, comprising the following components by mass percentage: 20%-30% dimethyl silicone oil, 3%-8% alginate, 10%-15% gelatin, 5%-10% stearic acid, 5%-10% palmitic acid, and the balance being aerogel. In this defoamer, through the synergistic effect of the components, and after the aerogel is fully mixed with the other components, the problem of poor dispersibility of dimethyl silicone oil is effectively solved, allowing the defoamer to be better dispersed in the foam system, improving the defoaming effect. Simultaneously, it has a good foam-suppressing effect, preventing the regeneration of foam after defoaming. Furthermore, its preparation requires no catalyst or complex reaction conditions, making it easy to promote.

[0016] Specifically, dimethyl silicone oil is a typical silicone defoamer with low surface tension (far lower than the surface tension of the foam liquid film). It can quickly diffuse to the surface of the foam liquid film, reducing the film strength and destroying its stability, thus causing the foam to break down. However, when used alone, dimethyl silicone oil is prone to agglomeration due to its strong hydrophobicity, resulting in poor dispersibility, a small contact area with the foam, limited defoaming efficiency, and difficulty in maintaining its presence in the system, leading to a weak foam suppression effect.

[0017] Alginate is a water-soluble polysaccharide containing numerous hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, exhibiting excellent hydrophilicity and colloidal properties. It can adsorb onto the surface of dimethyl silicone oil through its polar groups, reducing interfacial tension, promoting silicone oil dispersion in water (solving the problem of silicone oil agglomeration), increasing the contact area with foam, and improving defoaming efficiency. Simultaneously, its colloidal network structure can encapsulate some of the silicone oil, slowing its migration and prolonging its action time.

[0018] Gelatin and alginate can work synergistically: gelatin's film-forming properties can enhance the stability of the system, and it forms a complex colloid with alginate, further improving the dispersion uniformity and stability of silicone oil. In addition, gelatin molecules can adsorb on the surface of the foam liquid film, competing with foam-stabilizing components in the foam (such as surfactants) for adsorption sites, weakening the elasticity and toughness of the liquid film (assisting in foam suppression) and reducing foam regeneration.

[0019] Both stearic acid and palmitic acid are long-chain fatty acids, possessing both hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties (carboxyl groups). The hydrophobic long chains can interact with the hydrophobic chains of dimethyl silicone oil, enhancing the silicone oil's spreading ability on the liquid film surface and accelerating foam breakage (strengthening defoaming speed). The hydrophilic carboxyl groups can combine with the polar groups of alginate and gelatin, further stabilizing the silicone oil dispersion system and preventing it from stratifying due to buoyancy. In addition, long-chain fatty acids can form a weakly crystalline structure in the system. After adsorbing onto the surface of the foam liquid film, they can hinder the repair and elastic recovery of the liquid film (inhibiting foam regeneration), synergistically prolonging the foam suppression time with silicone oil.

[0020] Aerogels possess extremely high specific surface area and a porous structure. This porous structure can adsorb and carry components such as dimethyl silicone oil and fatty acids, forming "microcapsule"-like defoamer carriers, thus improving the dispersion uniformity of each component (enhancing the dispersion effect). Simultaneously, the high adsorption capacity of aerogels can capture air bubbles in the system, promoting the aggregation and collapse of small bubbles (aiding in defoaming). Furthermore, after dispersion in the system, aerogels can fill the spaces between foam liquid films, hindering film flow and repair, and forming a physical barrier with other components to reduce foam regeneration (enhancing foam suppression durability).

[0021] Based on the above analysis, the defoamer in this invention may achieve defoaming and foam suppression in the following ways: (1) Dispersion level: Alginate and gelatin work together with the porous structure of aerogel through hydrophilic groups to solve the agglomeration problem of dimethyl silicone oil, so that it is evenly dispersed and maximizes the contact efficiency between defoaming components and foam.

[0022] (2) Defoaming layer: The low surface tension of dimethyl silicone oil is responsible for rapid defoaming, the spreadability of stearic acid / palmitic acid enhances the defoaming speed, and the adsorption of aerogel helps to capture bubbles.

[0023] (3) Foam suppression layer: The colloidal network of alginate-gelatin delays the loss of silicone oil, the weak crystalline structure of stearic acid / palmitic acid hinders liquid film repair, and the physical barrier of aerogel reduces foam regeneration, together achieving the effect of "fast defoaming and long-lasting foam suppression".

[0024] (4) The components work together in a stepwise manner through “dispersion-defoaming-long-lasting effect”, which not only solves the core problem of poor dispersibility of silicone oil, but also inhibits foam regeneration through physical and chemical action, and finally achieves the dual functions of efficient defoaming and long-lasting foam suppression.

[0025] In some embodiments, the defoamer having the effect of promoting silicone oil dispersion and effective defoaming is composed of the following components in the indicated mass percentages: 20%-30% dimethyl silicone oil, 3%-8% alginate, 10%-15% gelatin, 5%-10% stearic acid, 5%-10% palmitic acid, and the balance being aerogel.

[0026] It is understandable that the total mass percentage of dimethyl silicone oil, alginate, gelatin, stearic acid, palmitic acid, and aerogel in the defoamer is 100%.

[0027] In some embodiments, the defoamer having the effect of promoting silicone oil dispersion and effective defoaming comprises the following components in weight percentages: 23%-28% dimethyl silicone oil, 4%-6% alginate, 12%-14% gelatin, 6%-8% stearic acid, 6%-8% palmitic acid, and the balance being aerogel.

[0028] Limiting the dimethyl silicone oil content to 23%-28% ensures better synergy with other components while maintaining defoaming effectiveness. This avoids exacerbating dispersibility problems due to excessive dimethyl silicone oil content, or negatively impacting defoaming performance due to insufficient content. Alginate, at 4%-6%, better assists aerogel in improving the dispersibility of dimethyl silicone oil. Combined with components like gelatin, it enhances the defoamer's foam-suppressing properties, effectively preventing foam regeneration. Gelatin at 12%-14% enhances the film-forming properties and stability of the defoamer. Working synergistically with other components, it allows the defoamer to function better in the foam system, extending the duration of defoaming and foam suppression. Stearic acid at 6%-8% improves the flowability and wettability of the defoamer, helping it disperse better in the foam system and synergistically enhancing the defoaming effect with other components. Palmitic acid at 6%-8% works synergistically with stearic acid to further improve the stability and compatibility of the defoamer, enhancing its adaptability in different foam systems and improving both defoaming and foam-suppressing effects.

[0029] Furthermore, the defoamer that promotes silicone oil dispersion and effectively suppresses foam comprises the following components in the following mass percentages: 25% dimethyl silicone oil, 5% alginate, 13% gelatin, 7% stearic acid, 7% palmitic acid, and the balance being aerogel.

[0030] In some embodiments, the viscosity of dimethyl silicone oil is 500-1000 mPa·s. Within this viscosity range, dimethyl silicone oil can better synergize with other components, and while ensuring its own defoaming performance, it is easier to disperse in the system, thereby improving the overall defoaming and foam suppression effect. If the viscosity is too low, the intermolecular forces of dimethyl silicone oil are weak, and it is easy to flow out of the system, failing to effectively exert its defoaming effect; if the viscosity is too high, its fluidity deteriorates, making it difficult to disperse evenly in the foam system, which also affects the defoaming effect. Optionally, the viscosity of dimethyl silicone oil can be 500 mPa·s, 600 mPa·s, 700 mPa·s, 800 mPa·s, 900 mPa·s, 1000 mPa·s, etc.

[0031] In some embodiments, the alginate is one or more of sodium alginate, potassium alginate, and ammonium alginate. These alginates have good hydrophilicity and colloidal properties, enabling them to form a stable network structure in the system, which facilitates the dispersion of dimethyl silicone oil and also has a positive effect on improving the foam-suppressing performance of the defoamer. For example, sodium alginate can ionize sodium ions in aqueous solution, giving the molecular chains a negative charge. These charged molecular chains can interact with other particles or molecules with opposite charges through electrostatic interactions, thereby promoting the dispersion of components such as dimethyl silicone oil in the system.

[0032] In some embodiments, the aerogel is one or more of silica aerogel, alumina aerogel, and carbon aerogel. Aerogels possess extremely high specific surface area and abundant porous structures, enabling them to adsorb large amounts of defoaming active ingredients such as dimethyl silicone oil. Furthermore, their unique structure facilitates the uniform dispersion of these components within the foam system. Simultaneously, the aerogel itself possesses certain defoaming and foam-suppressing capabilities, and through synergistic effects with other components, it can significantly improve the overall performance of the defoamer. Taking silica aerogel as an example, its nanoscale porous structure can accommodate dimethyl silicone oil molecules, and in the foam system, the surface silanol groups of silica aerogel can interact with polar groups in other components, enhancing the binding force between components and thereby improving the stability and dispersibility of the defoamer.

[0033] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned defoamer with the effects of promoting silicone oil dispersion and effective foam suppression, comprising the following steps: mixing dimethyl silicone oil, alginate, gelatin, stearic acid, palmitic acid, and aerogel, and stirring evenly to obtain the defoamer with the effects of promoting silicone oil dispersion and effective foam suppression. This preparation method only requires mixing the components evenly in a certain proportion, without the need for a catalyst or complex reaction conditions such as high temperature and high pressure. This simple preparation method reduces production costs, energy consumption and equipment requirements in the production process, facilitates large-scale production and widespread application, and has significant economic and social benefits.

[0034] In some embodiments, the stirring speed is 300-500 rpm. The stirring time is 20-30 min. Stirring is carried out at 15-25°C. Under these stirring conditions, the components can be thoroughly and uniformly mixed, ensuring that the aerogel is fully combined with other components, better improving the dispersibility of dimethyl silicone oil, and ensuring the stability of the defoamer's performance.

[0035] Optionally, the stirring speed can be 300 rpm, 350 rpm, 400 rpm, 450 rpm, 500 rpm, etc. The stirring time can be 20 min, 23 min, 25 min, 28 min, 30 min, etc. The stirring can be carried out at temperatures such as 15℃, 18℃, 20℃, 25℃, etc.

[0036] Example 1 In this embodiment, the defoamer is prepared as follows: dimethyl silicone oil (viscosity 800 mPa·s), sodium alginate, gelatin, stearic acid, palmitic acid, and silica aerogel are mixed and stirred evenly to obtain the defoamer. The stirring speed is 400 rpm, and the stirring time is 25 min. Stirring is carried out at 20°C. The mass percentage of each component is shown in Table 1.

[0037] Examples 1-5, Comparative Examples 1-3 Compared with Example 1, Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3 differ in that the mass percentage of each component is different, as shown in Table 1.

[0038] Test case (1) Dispersibility: The defoamer was added to the foam system and the dispersion of dimethyl silicone oil was observed and divided into three grades: excellent, good, and poor. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0039] (2) Defoaming time (min): Record the time from when the defoamer was added to the foam system until the foam was completely eliminated. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0040] (3) Defoaming time (min): Record the time from when the foam is defoamed until the foam regenerates. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0041] Table 1

[0042] As can be seen from Table 1, among the defoamers in the examples, dimethyl silicone oil has better dispersibility and the defoamer has better defoaming and foam-suppressing effects.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0044] For those skilled in the art, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A defoamer that promotes silicone oil dispersion and effectively suppresses foam, characterized in that, The product comprises the following components in the indicated mass percentages: 20%-30% dimethyl silicone oil, 3%-8% alginate, 10%-15% gelatin, 5%-10% stearic acid, 5%-10% palmitic acid, and the balance being silica aerogel. The dimethyl silicone oil has a viscosity of 500-1000 mPa·s, and the alginate is one or more of sodium alginate, potassium alginate, and ammonium alginate.

2. The defoamer as described in claim 1, which promotes silicone oil dispersion and effectively suppresses foam, is characterized in that, The components include the following components by mass percentage: 23%-28% dimethyl silicone oil, 4%-6% alginate, 12%-14% gelatin, 6%-8% stearic acid, 6%-8% palmitic acid, and the balance being silica aerogel.

3. The defoamer as described in claim 1, which promotes silicone oil dispersion and effectively suppresses foam, is characterized in that... The components include the following percentages by mass: 25% dimethyl silicone oil, 5% alginate, 13% gelatin, 7% stearic acid, 7% palmitic acid, and the balance being silica aerogel.

4. The defoamer with the effect of promoting silicone oil dispersion and effectively suppressing foam, as described in any one of claims 1-3, is characterized in that, The viscosity of the dimethyl silicone oil is 800 mPa·s.

5. A method for preparing an defoamer with the effect of promoting silicone oil dispersion and effectively suppressing foam, as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: mixing the dimethyl silicone oil, the alginate, the gelatin, the stearic acid, the palmitic acid, and the silica aerogel, and stirring until homogeneous to obtain the defoamer that promotes silicone oil dispersion and effectively suppresses foam.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The stirring speed is 300-500 rpm.

7. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The stirring time is 20-30 minutes.

8. The preparation method according to any one of claims 5-7, characterized in that, The stirring is carried out at 15-25°C.

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