A blockchain-based intelligent adjustable bioreactor system

Abstract

This invention discloses a blockchain-based intelligent adjustable bioreactor system, comprising: an intelligent adjustable bioreactor deployed in a wastewater treatment plant for wastewater treatment and water quality data collection; a consortium blockchain including nodes from the superior management department and process and equipment management departments of each wastewater treatment plant; smart contracts deployed on the consortium blockchain generating process parameter adjustment information based on water quality data from process node data; after receiving the process parameter adjustment information, the process management department nodes issuing process parameter adjustment instructions to the intelligent adjustable bioreactor, including the volumes of the post-anoxic and aerobic zones in the intelligent adjustable bioreactor; and equipment management department nodes acquiring data such as the corresponding wastewater treatment plant's device operation, running, and maintenance records to generate maintenance and repair plans. This invention deeply integrates blockchain technology with the bioreactor system, achieving trusted evidence storage throughout the entire wastewater treatment process, dynamic optimization of process operating parameters, and full lifecycle management of equipment status.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment technology, and in particular to a blockchain-based intelligent adjustable bioreactor system. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of the wastewater treatment industry, the requirements for pollution reduction and carbon reduction are increasing. Existing biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal processes often incorporate a post-anoxic zone to promote simultaneous denitrification and phosphorus removal, leveraging its "dual carbon utilization" advantage. To enhance the effect of simultaneous denitrification and phosphorus removal, one proven method is to incorporate a post-anoxic zone, and the larger the volume of the post-anoxic zone, the better the effect of simultaneous denitrification and phosphorus removal.

[0003] However, this method still has some problems in practical applications: On the one hand, manually recorded water quality data and operating parameters lack reliability, making it difficult to provide a scientific basis for internal process optimization. On the other hand, the fixed-volume post-anoxic zone lacks adaptive adjustment capabilities when dealing with dynamic fluctuations in influent water quality. At low loads, it cannot expand the volume of the post-anoxic zone to enhance the simultaneous denitrification and phosphorus removal effect, requiring the addition of additional carbon sources; at high loads, it cannot expand the aerobic tank to improve carbon and nitrogen treatment effects, which may lead to substandard effluent.

[0004] Therefore, providing a blockchain-based intelligent adjustable bioreactor system is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field to address the above-mentioned issues. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a blockchain-based intelligent adjustable bioreactor system.

[0006] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A first aspect of the present invention provides a blockchain-based intelligent adjustable bioreactor system, comprising: Intelligent adjustable bioreactors are deployed in wastewater treatment plants for wastewater treatment and collection of wastewater quality data. The consortium blockchain includes nodes from higher-level management departments and process management departments of various wastewater treatment plants. The higher-level management department node registers the identity of the process management department node. The process management department node of each sewage treatment plant obtains the water quality data collected by the intelligent adjustable biological reactor of the corresponding sewage treatment plant, and broadcasts the process node data in the consortium blockchain after encryption. The smart contract deployed on the consortium blockchain generates process parameter adjustment information, which includes water quality data and process parameter adjustment plans, based on the water quality data in the process node data. After receiving the process parameter adjustment information, the process management department node issues a process parameter adjustment instruction to the corresponding intelligent adjustable bioreactor. The process parameter adjustment instruction includes adjusting the volume of the post-anoxic zone and the aerobic zone in the intelligent adjustable bioreactor.

[0007] Furthermore, the intelligent adjustable bioreactor also collects effluent water quality data; the process parameter adjustment scheme generated by the smart contract also refers to the effluent water quality data, specifically including: Smart contract execution threshold comparison algorithm: The actual effluent water quality data is compared in real time with a preset effluent water value threshold range; if the value exceeds the threshold range, an alarm is generated; and / or: Smart contract execution outlier detection algorithm: Based on historical data stored in the consortium blockchain, a dynamic baseline is constructed using the moving average method; when the water quality data of a single outflow deviates from the dynamic baseline by a certain range, alarm data is generated.

[0008] Furthermore, the intelligent adjustable bioreactor includes: The reactor has an anaerobic zone, an anoxic zone, an aerobic zone, and a post-anoxic zone arranged sequentially inside the reactor along the direction of wastewater flow. A first baffle containing a first water passage hole is provided between the anaerobic zone and the anoxic zone; a second baffle containing a second water passage hole is provided between the anoxic zone and the aerobic zone; and a third baffle containing a third water passage hole is provided between the aerobic zone and the post-anoxic zone. The first and second baffles are fixedly installed, and the third baffle can be adjusted back and forth along the direction of sewage flow. The device also includes an anoxic reflux pump and a post-anoxic reflux pump; the inlet end of the anoxic reflux pump is connected to the bottom end of the anoxic zone, and the outlet end of the anoxic reflux pump is connected to the bottom front end of the anaerobic zone; the inlet end of the post-anoxic reflux pump is connected to the bottom end of the post-anoxic zone, and the outlet end of the post-anoxic reflux pump is connected to the bottom front end of the anoxic zone. The inlet of the anaerobic zone is equipped with an inlet water quality sensor.

[0009] Furthermore, the smart contract generates a process parameter adjustment scheme based on the water quality data in the process node data, including: When the influent water quality is stable, a first process parameter adjustment scheme is generated; when the influent water quality suddenly deteriorates, a second process parameter adjustment scheme is generated. The stable influent water quality includes the instantaneous influent water quality measured by the influent water quality sensor being less than or equal to n times the average influent water quality measured over the past few days; the sudden deterioration of influent water quality includes the instantaneous influent water quality measured being greater than n times the average influent water quality measured over the past few days. The first process parameter adjustment scheme includes controlling the third baffle to move closer to the reactor start point, increasing the volume of the post-anoxic zone while decreasing the volume of the aerobic zone; the second process parameter adjustment scheme includes controlling the third baffle to move further away from the reactor start point, reducing the volume of the post-anoxic zone while increasing the volume of the aerobic zone.

[0010] Furthermore, the third partition plate is provided with multiple holes that can be electrically opened and closed at the middle position; In the first process parameter adjustment scheme and the second process parameter adjustment scheme, the control includes opening the perforation when the third partition moves and closing the perforation when the third partition stops; and / or: The second process parameter adjustment scheme also includes opening the pores to completely mix the water in the aerobic zone and the post-anoxic zone, transforming the whole into a mixed aerobic zone; the first process parameter adjustment scheme also includes closing the pores to divide the mixed aerobic zone into an aerobic zone and a post-anoxic zone.

[0011] Furthermore, the bottom of the anaerobic zone, anoxic zone, aerobic zone, and post-anoxic zone is provided with a grooved aeration disc; The first process parameter adjustment scheme and the second process parameter adjustment scheme also include adjusting the aeration state of the grooved aeration disc.

[0012] Furthermore, the water quality data includes COD and NO3. - -N, NH3-N, PO4³⁻, DO, MLSS.

[0013] Furthermore, the consortium blockchain also includes nodes representing the equipment management departments of each wastewater treatment plant; The superior management department node registers the identity of the equipment management department node. The equipment management department node of each sewage treatment plant obtains the device operation data, running data and maintenance record data of the intelligent adjustable bioreactor of the corresponding sewage treatment plant to generate maintenance and repair plans. After encryption, the equipment node data is broadcast in the consortium blockchain.

[0014] Furthermore, before joining the consortium blockchain, the process management department and the equipment management department need to register their identities, including: After receiving the registration request from the corresponding management department, the superior management department node verifies the identity and qualifications. If the verification is successful, a public-private key pair and account address are generated for the corresponding management department, the registration information is added to the consortium blockchain, and a digital certificate is generated and sent to the corresponding management department as proof of the corresponding management department's participation in the consortium blockchain.

[0015] Furthermore, the consortium blockchain also includes ledger nodes selected by the consortium blockchain consensus mechanism. The ledger nodes verify the node data messages and process parameter adjustment information received within a certain period of time, and package the verified messages into a new block and send them to other member nodes. After all member nodes execute the consensus protocol, new blocks will be added to the consortium blockchain. All member nodes will synchronize the consortium blockchain to update the consortium blockchain ledger, and key data will be permanently stored on the consortium blockchain.

[0016] Furthermore, the process node data to be sent is processed and then broadcast onto the blockchain; the processed process node data includes encrypted original process node data and obfuscated process node data.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are: In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, blockchain technology is deeply integrated with a bioreactor system to construct an intelligent wastewater treatment system. In terms of data trustworthiness, by constructing a decentralized water quality monitoring data and process parameter storage system, the integrity and reliability of the data can be effectively ensured, enabling preventive maintenance of equipment and reasonable optimization of the process. In terms of intelligent control, the automated execution mechanism based on smart contracts can achieve flexible adjustment of the post-anoxic zone and volume, significantly enhancing the bioreactor's resistance to shock loads. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of a blockchain-based intelligent adjustable bioreactor system provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an intelligent adjustable bioreactor provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first partition and the second partition provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the third partition provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the third partition provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; In the diagram, 1-reactor, 2-agitator, 3-aeration disc, 4-first baffle, 5-second baffle, 6-third baffle, 7-first pipeline, 8-second pipeline, 9-anoxic reflux pump, 10-post-anoxic reflux pump, 11-inlet, 12-outlet, 13-guide rail, 14-pulley, 15-first water passage hole, 16-second water passage hole, 17-third water passage hole, 18-perforated, 19-bidirectional hydraulic piston, 20-external power source, 21-rubber sealing strip, 111-anaerobic zone, 112-anoxic zone, 113-aerobic zone, 114-post-anoxic zone. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer" are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0022] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0023] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 The illustration shows a blockchain-based intelligent adjustable bioreactor system provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, comprising: Intelligent adjustable bioreactors are deployed in wastewater treatment plants for wastewater treatment and collection of wastewater quality data. The consortium blockchain includes nodes from higher-level management departments and process management departments of various wastewater treatment plants. The higher-level management department node registers the identity of the process management department node. The process management department node of each sewage treatment plant obtains the water quality data collected by the intelligent adjustable biological reactor of the corresponding sewage treatment plant, and broadcasts the process node data in the consortium blockchain after encryption. The smart contract deployed on the consortium blockchain generates process parameter adjustment information, which includes water quality data and process parameter adjustment plans, based on the water quality data in the process node data. After receiving the process parameter adjustment information, the process management department node issues a process parameter adjustment instruction to the corresponding intelligent adjustable bioreactor. The process parameter adjustment instruction includes adjusting the volume of the post-anoxic zone and the aerobic zone in the intelligent adjustable bioreactor.

[0024] Specifically, in this exemplary embodiment, blockchain technology is deeply integrated with a bioreactor system to construct an intelligent wastewater treatment system. At the data trust level, by building a decentralized water quality monitoring data and process parameter storage system, the integrity and reliability of the data can be effectively ensured, enabling preventative maintenance of equipment and rational optimization of the process. At the intelligent control level, the automated execution mechanism based on smart contracts enables flexible adjustment of the post-anoxic zone and its volume, significantly enhancing the bioreactor's resistance to shock loads. Furthermore, the modification process of this invention does not require production shutdowns and can effectively improve biological treatment efficiency within the existing process framework, demonstrating significant practical value.

[0025] It should be noted that due to limitations in computing, storage, and network resources, intelligent adjustable bioreactors are not suitable as nodes in consortium blockchains. Therefore, the device does not participate in the operation of the consortium blockchain, but instead transmits various data to the process management department node where the device is located. The process management department node then processes the data and broadcasts it in the consortium blockchain network.

[0026] The following will describe the specific exemplary embodiments: More preferably, in an exemplary embodiment, such as Figures 2-5 As shown, the intelligent adjustable bioreactor includes: The reactor includes a reactor 1, which has an anaerobic zone 111, an anoxic zone 112, an aerobic zone 113 and a post-anoxic zone 114 arranged sequentially along the direction of wastewater flow inside the reactor 1. A first water passage 15 is provided between the anaerobic zone 111 and the anoxic zone 112 (e.g., Figure 2 As shown), a second water passage 16 is provided between the first partition 4 (in the anoxic zone 112 and the aerobic zone 113) and the anoxic zone 112. Figure 2 The second baffle 5 (as shown) is provided between the aerobic zone 113 and the post-anoxic zone 114, and includes a third water passage 17 (as shown). Figure 3 The third partition 6 (shown) is a partition 4; wherein the first partition 4 and the second partition 5 are fixedly arranged, and the third partition 6 can be adjusted back and forth along the sewage flow direction. The device also includes an anoxic reflux pump 9 and a post-anoxic reflux pump 10; the inlet end of the anoxic reflux pump 9 is connected to the bottom end of the anoxic zone 112, the outlet end of the anoxic reflux pump 9 is connected to the bottom front end of the anaerobic zone 111, and the anoxic reflux pump 9 connects the two zones through the first pipeline 7; the inlet end of the post-anoxic reflux pump 10 is connected to the bottom end of the post-anoxic zone 114, the outlet end of the post-anoxic reflux pump 10 is connected to the bottom front end of the anoxic zone 112, and the post-anoxic reflux pump 10 connects the two zones through the second pipeline 8. The inlet of the anaerobic zone 111 is equipped with an inlet water quality sensor.

[0027] Specifically, in this exemplary embodiment, wastewater enters the reactor and sequentially passes through an anaerobic zone 111, an anoxic zone 112, an aerobic zone 113, and a post-anoxic zone 114 for denitrification and phosphorus removal. The overall process is as follows: Anaerobic zone 111 converts readily biodegradable macromolecular organic matter into small-molecule volatile fatty acids, while simultaneously achieving anaerobic phosphorus release from wastewater. Anoxic zone 112 performs denitrification, enabling denitrifying polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria to utilize nitrates or nitrites as electron acceptors, reducing nitrates to nitrogen gas under anoxic conditions. Simultaneously, it absorbs dissolved inorganic phosphorus (such as phosphates) from wastewater and stores it as intracellular polyphosphate, thus reducing both carbon source and oxygen consumption. Aerobic zone 113 performs nitrification and aerobic phosphorus uptake processes, using oxygen as an electron acceptor. The acceptor absorbs phosphate, reducing its amount; the post-anoxic zone 114 is used to enhance the simultaneous denitrification phosphorus removal effect. The larger the volume of the post-anoxic zone 114, the better the simultaneous denitrification phosphorus removal effect. Specifically, the mixed liquor from the post-anoxic zone 114 is returned to the anoxic zone 114 via the post-anoxic return pump 10, ensuring that the anoxic zone 114 maintains a sufficiently low oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), providing a suitable growth environment for denitrifying polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria; finally, the anoxic return pump 9 connects the anoxic zone 112 and the anaerobic zone 111, forming an anaerobic-anoxic internal circulation. Throughout the process, wastewater flows through the water passages on the corresponding partitions between the zones.

[0028] Meanwhile, in this exemplary embodiment, the water quality (e.g., COD, NH3-N, NO3) of the wastewater entering at different times is also considered. --N and PO4³⁻ (which can be determined based on the actual situation) are different, and their corresponding wastewater treatment needs are different: When the influent water quality is stable, the volume of the post-anoxic zone 114 can be increased to fully enhance the effect of simultaneous denitrification and phosphorus removal, and this state can be maintained continuously, thereby reducing chemical consumption and aeration energy consumption; when the influent water quality deteriorates, the aerobic zone 113 can be expanded to prolong the hydraulic retention time of wastewater in the aerobic zone 113 to promote the oxidation of organic matter and ammonia nitrogen, thereby improving the carbon and nitrogen treatment effect, rapidly improving the removal efficiency of carbon and nitrogen pollutants, and ensuring that the effluent water quality meets the standards.

[0029] Therefore, in this exemplary embodiment, the first baffle 4 and the second baffle 5 are fixedly installed, while the third baffle 6 can be adjusted back and forth along the sewage flow direction, thereby making the volumes of the aerobic zone 113 and the post-anoxic zone 114 adjustable to meet the treatment requirements of different sewage qualities. By configuring the adjustable third baffle 6, flexible adjustment of the volume of the aerobic zone 113 and the post-anoxic zone 114 is achieved, significantly enhancing the bioreactor's resistance to shock loads; moreover, the modification process does not require production shutdown for construction, effectively improving biological treatment efficiency within the existing process framework, and possessing good practical value.

[0030] More preferably, in an exemplary embodiment, the smart contract generates a process parameter adjustment scheme based on the water quality data in the process node data, including: When the influent water quality is stable, a first process parameter adjustment scheme is generated; when the influent water quality suddenly deteriorates, a second process parameter adjustment scheme is generated. The stable influent water quality includes the instantaneous influent water quality measured by the influent water quality sensor being less than or equal to n times the average influent water quality measured over the past few days; the sudden deterioration of influent water quality includes the instantaneous influent water quality measured being greater than n times the average influent water quality measured over the past few days. The first process parameter adjustment scheme includes controlling the third baffle 6 to move closer to the starting point of the reactor 1, increasing the volume of the post-anoxic zone 114 while decreasing the volume of the aerobic zone 113; the second process parameter adjustment scheme includes controlling the third baffle 6 to move further away from the starting point of the reactor 1, reducing the volume of the post-anoxic zone 114 while increasing the volume of the aerobic zone 113.

[0031] Specifically, in an exemplary embodiment, the initial volume ratio of each region in the intelligent adjustable bioreactor is set as anaerobic zone 111: anoxic zone 112: aerobic zone 113: post-anoxic zone 114 = 1:4:4:1.

[0032] Under stable influent water quality conditions (the instantaneous influent water quality measured by the influent water quality sensor is less than or equal to n times the average influent water quality measured over the past 7 days, where n is set according to the actual situation of each wastewater treatment plant; water quality data can include COD, NH3-N, NO3-, etc.),... - -N, PO4³⁻ (select according to actual situation), the first partition 4 and the second partition 5 are fixedly set, and the third partition 6 moves towards the starting point to reduce the volume of the aerobic zone 113 and increase the volume of the post-anoxic zone 114, so that the volume ratio of each zone becomes anaerobic zone 111: anoxic zone 112: aerobic zone 113: post-anoxic zone 114 = 1:4:3:2. This state is maintained for long-term operation to reduce energy consumption and drug consumption. When the influent water quality suddenly deteriorates (the instantaneous influent water quality measured by the influent water quality sensor is greater than or equal to n times the average influent water quality measured in the past 7 days), the first baffle 4 and the second baffle 5 are fixed, and the third baffle 6 moves away from the starting point, reducing the volume of the post-anoxic zone 114 and increasing the volume of the aerobic zone 113, so that the volume ratio is restored to anaerobic zone 111: anoxic zone 112: aerobic zone 113: post-anoxic zone 114 = 1:4:4:1, which quickly improves the removal efficiency of carbon and nitrogen pollutants and ensures that the effluent water quality meets the standards.

[0033] More preferably, in an exemplary embodiment, the intelligent adjustable bioreactor also collects effluent water quality data; the process parameter adjustment scheme generated by the smart contract also refers to the effluent water quality data, specifically including: Smart contract execution threshold comparison algorithm: The actual effluent water quality data is compared in real time with a preset effluent water value threshold range; if the value exceeds the threshold range, an alarm is generated; and / or: Smart contract execution outlier detection algorithm: Based on historical data stored in the consortium blockchain, a dynamic baseline is constructed using the moving average method; when the water quality data of a single outflow deviates from the dynamic baseline by a certain range, alarm data is generated.

[0034] Specifically, in this exemplary embodiment, the effluent water quality data in the process node data calls a smart contract deployed on the consortium blockchain, and the smart contract automatically executes the following process: ① Execute threshold comparison algorithm: Compare the actual effluent water quality data with the preset effluent value threshold range in real time. The preset effluent value threshold range can be determined through the wastewater treatment plant's annual discharge report. When the data exceeds the threshold range for n consecutive cycles (n is set according to the actual situation of each wastewater treatment plant, 1 cycle = 2 hours), an alarm message containing the deviation value, alarm level, and timestamp is generated and pushed to the wastewater treatment plant's process management department node. ② Execute outlier detection algorithm: Based on 90 days of historical data stored in the consortium blockchain, a dynamic baseline is constructed using the moving average method (window period = 7 days). When a single monitoring value deviates from the baseline by ±3σ, an abnormal high / low state is marked in conjunction with the sewage treatment plant's operating conditions to generate an intelligent alarm with confidence assessment. Here, ±3σ represents a range of three standard deviations, using statistical methods to exclude 99.7% of normal data fluctuations, ensuring alarm accuracy. The moving average window is matched with the wastewater treatment plant's production cycle to avoid interference from special operating conditions such as holidays.

[0035] ③ Based on the processing results of the water quality data and the output results of the two algorithms mentioned above, the process parameter adjustment scheme of the corresponding device is obtained, and a parameter adjustment message is generated. The parameter adjustment message includes: the processed water quality data, the process parameter adjustment scheme, the associated alarm number (if any), and the timestamp.

[0036] More preferably, in an exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the third partition 6 also has a multi-hole 18 that is electrically opened and closed at the middle position; In the first process parameter adjustment scheme and the second process parameter adjustment scheme, the control includes opening the perforation 18 when the third partition 6 moves and closing the perforation 18 when the third partition 6 stops; and / or: The second process parameter adjustment scheme also includes opening the porous 18 to completely mix the water in the aerobic zone 113 and the post-anoxic zone 114, thus transforming the whole into a mixed aerobic zone; the first process parameter adjustment scheme also includes closing the porous 18 to divide the mixed aerobic zone into the aerobic zone 113 and the post-anoxic zone 114.

[0037] Specifically, in this exemplary embodiment, a multi-hole 18 with electric opening and closing is provided on the third partition 6 (with an electric valve equipped with a labyrinth seal ring). The multi-hole 18 on the third partition 6 is closed when the reactor 1 is running normally. When the third partition 6 needs to be moved, the multi-hole 18 on the third partition 6 automatically opens to reduce the impact of water pressure on the movement of the third partition 6.

[0038] In another exemplary embodiment, when the influent water quality suddenly deteriorates (corresponding to the second process parameter adjustment scheme), the first baffle 4 and the second baffle 5 are fixedly installed, and the third baffle 6 can also remain stationary. The porous structure 18 on the third baffle 6 is opened, allowing the water in the aerobic zone 113 and the post-anoxic zone 114 to mix completely, transforming the entire system into the aerobic zone 113. This results in a volume ratio of anaerobic zone 111:anoxic zone 112:aerobic zone 113 = 1:4:5, rapidly improving the removal efficiency of carbon and nitrogen pollutants and ensuring that the effluent water quality meets standards. Correspondingly, when the influent water quality returns to normal, the porous structure 18 is closed.

[0039] More preferably, in an exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the bottom of the anaerobic zone 111, the anoxic zone 112, the aerobic zone 113 and the post-anoxic zone 114 is provided with a grooved aeration disc 3. The first process parameter adjustment scheme and the second process parameter adjustment scheme also include adjusting the aeration state of the grooved aeration disc 3.

[0040] Specifically, in this exemplary embodiment, the grooved aeration disc 3 aerates the interior of the reactor 1; simultaneously, the grooved aeration disc 3 is configured to not impede the free movement of the third baffle 6. In a preferred exemplary embodiment, each aeration disc 3 is equipped with a gravity sensor to prevent the third baffle 6 from remaining above the aeration disc 3 during movement and affecting aeration. In yet another preferred exemplary embodiment, the aeration state of the aeration disc 3 can be changed according to the volume changes of the aerobic zone 113 and the post-anoxic zone 114, thereby meeting corresponding requirements.

[0041] More preferably, in an exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, a stirrer 2 is provided in each of the anaerobic zone 111, the anoxic zone 112, the aerobic zone 113 and the post-anoxic zone 114.

[0042] Specifically, in this exemplary embodiment, the agitator 2 can promote uniform mixing of return sludge and wastewater and maintain the sludge in suspension, thereby enhancing mass transfer efficiency and improving wastewater treatment effect.

[0043] More preferably, in an exemplary embodiment, such as Figures 2-4 As shown, the first water passage 15 is located above the first partition 4, the second water passage 16 is located below the second partition 5, and the third water passage 17 is located above the third partition 6. The inlet 11 of the anaerobic zone 111 and the outlet 12 of the post-anoxic zone 114 are both located below the reactor 1.

[0044] Specifically, in this exemplary embodiment, wastewater enters through the inlet 11 of the anaerobic zone 111 and flows in a baffled manner within the intelligent adjustable bioreactor. Finally, the treated wastewater is discharged from the outlet 12 of the post-anoxic zone 114. This baffled arrangement ensures that wastewater flows evenly throughout the entire treatment area, fully utilizing the effective volume of the treatment facility and improving treatment efficiency.

[0045] More preferably, in an exemplary embodiment, a guide rail 13 (such as...) is provided on the bottom wall of the reactor 1 located between the second baffle 5 and the outlet 12 of the post-anoxic zone 114. Figure 2 (as shown) and pulley 14 (as shown) Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown in the figure, the pulley 14 is connected to the third partition 6; the third partition 6 is provided with a bidirectional hydraulic piston 19 that is provided with thrust by an external power source 20.

[0046] Specifically, in this exemplary embodiment, the third baffle 6 integrates a bidirectional hydraulic piston 19, which is powered by an external power source 20. By applying pressure on one side, the third baffle 6 is directly pushed to move back and forth along the water flow direction under the action of the pulley 14 installed on the guide rail 13, thereby realizing the volume change of the aerobic zone 113 and the post-anoxic zone 114.

[0047] More preferably, in an exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the outer periphery of the third partition 6 that contacts the reactor 1 is provided with rubber sealing strips 21.

[0048] Specifically, in this exemplary embodiment, a rubber sealing strip 21 is provided on the outer periphery (sides and bottom) of the third partition 6 in contact with the reactor 1, thereby reducing liquid leakage between the aerobic zone 113 and the post-anoxic zone 114. Furthermore, the leakage of the guide rail 13 and pulley 14 is minimal and negligible. It should also be noted that since wastewater is transported between the partitions and the reactor through water passages, minor wastewater leakage will not significantly interfere with the overall process efficiency; therefore, a completely sealed state between the zones is not required.

[0049] More preferably, in an exemplary embodiment, a displacement sensor is also provided inside the third partition 6.

[0050] Specifically, in this exemplary embodiment, a displacement sensor is used to collect the moving distance of the third partition 6, thereby enabling precise acquisition and control of the moving distance.

[0051] More preferably, in an exemplary embodiment, a water quality sensor is provided in the anaerobic zone 111, the anoxic zone 112, the aerobic zone 113 and the post-anoxic zone 114.

[0052] Specifically, in this exemplary embodiment, the treated water quality sensors in the anaerobic zone 111, anoxic zone 112, aerobic zone 113 and post-anoxic zone 114 are used to monitor the process data of wastewater treatment so as to keep track of water quality changes in real time and adjust process parameters in a timely manner.

[0053] More preferably, in an exemplary embodiment, the intelligent adjustable bioreactor integrates a general control module and a local processing module in the main body of the device to realize the storage, real-time transmission, and automatic adjustment of process parameters of the device, as well as data such as water quality and device operation.

[0054] Water quality sensors, including high-precision IoT sensors such as dissolved oxygen probes and water quality monitors, are used to collect key water quality data (COD, NO3, etc.) during the wastewater treatment process. - -N, NH3-N, PO4³⁻, DO, MLSS, etc.); the general control module is used to control the position of the vertical partitions and the aeration state in the main body of the device, thereby changing the process parameters such as the area volume ratio and aeration state of the intelligent adjustable bioreactor; the local processing module is used to store and transmit the water quality data collected by the influent water quality sensor, process the water quality data collected by the water quality sensor and the operating data of the device, and record the device information.

[0055] More preferably, in an exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the consortium blockchain also includes equipment management department nodes for each wastewater treatment plant; The superior management department node registers the identity of the equipment management department node. The equipment management department node of each sewage treatment plant obtains the device operation data, running data and maintenance record data of the intelligent adjustable bioreactor of the corresponding sewage treatment plant to generate maintenance and repair plans. After encryption, the equipment node data is broadcast in the consortium blockchain.

[0056] Specifically, in this exemplary embodiment, in addition to storing water quality data of each wastewater treatment plant, the consortium blockchain also stores key data such as operation data, running data, and maintenance records of the intelligent adjustable bioreactor, so as to realize reliable evidence storage of the entire wastewater treatment process, dynamic optimization of process operating parameters, and full life cycle management of equipment status.

[0057] Therefore, in this exemplary embodiment, the member nodes of the consortium blockchain are the superior management department and the process management department and equipment management department of each sewage treatment plant. The member nodes constitute a consortium blockchain network and jointly maintain the same consortium blockchain ledger containing water quality data, operation data, running data, maintenance records, and other data of the same device. The member nodes use consensus mechanisms such as POS or PBFT to select the accounting node to update the consortium blockchain ledger.

[0058] More preferably, in an exemplary embodiment, the process management department and the equipment management department need to register their identities before joining the consortium blockchain, including: After receiving a registration request from the corresponding management department, the higher-level management node verifies the identity and qualifications. If the verification is successful, a public-private key pair and account address are generated for the corresponding management department, the registration information is added to the consortium blockchain, and a digital certificate is generated and sent to the corresponding management department as proof of participation in the consortium blockchain. If the verification fails, the identity registration fails.

[0059] More preferably, in an exemplary embodiment, the consensus mechanism of the consortium blockchain selects the ledger node, which verifies the node data messages and process parameter adjustment information received within a certain period of time, and packages the verified messages into a new block and sends them to other member nodes; After all member nodes execute the consensus protocol, the new block will be added to the consortium blockchain. All member nodes will synchronize the consortium blockchain to update the consortium blockchain ledger. Key data (water quality data, equipment operation data, running data, maintenance records, etc. in the sewage treatment process) will be permanently stored on the consortium blockchain, realizing trusted storage of key data in the sewage treatment process and full life cycle management of sewage treatment equipment.

[0060] More preferably, in an exemplary embodiment, the process node data to be sent is processed and then broadcast onto the blockchain; the processed process node data includes encrypted original process node data and obfuscated process node data.

[0061] Specifically, in this exemplary embodiment, the wastewater quality data of each wastewater treatment plant has a certain degree of confidentiality. The process management department node cannot directly store the raw water quality data from the intelligent adjustable bioreactor on the consortium blockchain; it needs to encrypt the water quality data before storing it on the blockchain. Simultaneously, the smart contract needs to analyze the water quality data to derive an adjustment plan for the device's process parameters. In addition to uploading the encrypted water quality data, the process management department node also needs to perform fuzzing on the water quality data. Fuzzing can protect data privacy while ensuring data integrity and availability, allowing the smart contract to perform water quality analysis without disclosing the original data. The processed water quality data includes both the encrypted raw water quality data and the fuzzed water quality data.

[0062] In other words, the smart contract is jointly formulated and deployed on the consortium blockchain by its member nodes. Higher-level management departments or individual wastewater treatment plants pre-set threshold comparison algorithms, outlier detection algorithms, algorithms for water quality analysis based on fuzzy data, and algorithms for adjusting process parameters based on analysis results, and write these algorithms into the smart contract as functions. Once deployed, the contract executes automatically, analyzing COD, NH3-N, and NO3- in the wastewater treatment process based on received node data messages. - Key water quality data such as -N, PO4³⁻, DO, and MLSS are used to issue alarms for actual effluent values ​​exceeding the threshold range and for abnormal values ​​based on historical data. Corresponding parameter adjustment schemes are provided for the device. By optimizing the vertical baffle position and aeration status of the intelligent adjustable bioreactor, the volume and volume ratio of each area are adjusted to improve wastewater treatment efficiency and effect.

[0063] More preferably, in an exemplary embodiment, the operating data of the intelligent adjustable bioreactor is transmitted in two ways: one is that the device transmits the operating data to the process management department node in real time during operation, and the other is that when the intelligent adjustable bioreactor malfunctions or is damaged, it immediately transmits abnormal operating data to the process management department node to issue an alarm.

[0064] The process management department node generates node data messages and broadcasts them on the consortium blockchain network. After receiving the messages, the equipment management department node analyzes the corresponding equipment status based on the equipment operation data, and generates equipment maintenance messages by deriving an operation status evaluation and equipment maintenance and repair plan.

[0065] The operational status evaluation refers to the judgment of the current status of the device based on operational data, including normal, requiring maintenance, faulty, and damaged (Normal: The device is operating well and requires no intervention; Requires maintenance: The device is operating normally but requires regular maintenance or inspection, and no fault has occurred; Faulty: The device has a functional problem and cannot operate normally, but no physical damage has occurred; Damaged: The device cannot operate due to physical damage and needs repair or replacement). The maintenance and repair plan is a targeted solution provided based on operational data and the current status of the device, including support for remote maintenance and fault repair, dispatching maintenance personnel for on-site repair, and returning the device to the factory for repair. The maintenance and repair plan may also include suggestions for the daily operation and maintenance of the device to reduce the risk of device anomalies. Based on the device maintenance messages, the wastewater treatment plant can effectively resolve abnormal problems, enhance predictive maintenance capabilities, and thus improve wastewater treatment efficiency and system reliability.

[0066] More preferably, in an exemplary embodiment, in addition to acting as a consortium blockchain node and auditing and certifying the process management department and equipment management department, the superior management department can also perform statistical analysis on the operating status of the process management department, such as the number of alarms and the percentage of time the device runs in each state; it can also perform longitudinal comparative analysis on the historical process management and equipment management of any wastewater treatment plant; and perform horizontal comparative analysis on the process management and equipment management of each wastewater treatment plant within the same time period.

[0067] Using the specific embodiments described above, the wastewater treatment method of the blockchain-based intelligent adjustable bioreactor system includes the following steps: S01: The process management department and equipment management department in the wastewater treatment plant apply to the superior management department for identity registration and join the consortium blockchain as member nodes; For example, the process management and equipment management departments of Reclaimed Water Plant A first send their registration requests and identity information to their superior management department. Upon receiving the registration request, the superior management department verifies the identity and qualifications of the process management and equipment management departments. If the verification is successful, a public-private key pair and account address are generated, the registration information is added to the consortium blockchain, and a digital certificate is generated and sent to the corresponding process management and equipment management departments as their credentials for participating in the consortium blockchain. If the verification fails, the identity registration fails.

[0068] S02: In a wastewater treatment plant, wastewater undergoes pretreatment processes before entering... Figures 2-5 The aforementioned intelligent adjustable bioreactor is used for further processing; S03: The intelligent adjustable bioreactor collects water quality data and device operation data in real time (including actual influent, effluent and process water quality data of each area of ​​the device, DO, MLSS, reflux ratio and other operation data of each area), and transmits them to the process management department node of the wastewater treatment plant where it is located. S04: The process management department node processes the water quality data in the plant and then broadcasts a node data message in the consortium blockchain network. The node data message includes: the processed water quality data, the operating data of the device, the timestamp, the digital certificate and signature of the process management department node. Due to the confidentiality of water quality data, the process management department nodes cannot directly upload the raw water quality data to the consortium blockchain. Instead, the water quality data needs to be encrypted before being stored on the chain. Simultaneously, the smart contract needs to analyze the water quality data to derive adjustments to the equipment's process parameters. In addition to uploading encrypted water quality data, the process management department nodes also need to obfuscate the data. This obfuscation process protects data privacy while ensuring data integrity and availability, allowing the smart contract to perform water quality analysis without disclosing the original data.

[0069] S05: The node data message invokes the smart contract deployed on the consortium blockchain. The smart contract automatically executes the threshold comparison algorithm and the outlier detection algorithm. Based on the processed water quality data, it issues alarms for actual effluent values ​​exceeding the effluent threshold range and for outliers based on historical data. It then obtains a corresponding device process parameter adjustment plan and generates a parameter adjustment message. This parameter adjustment message includes the processed water quality data, the process parameter adjustment plan, and a timestamp. Specifically: Node data messages invoke smart contracts deployed on the consortium blockchain, and the smart contracts automatically execute the following process: ① Execute threshold comparison algorithm: Compare the actual effluent value with the preset effluent value threshold range in real time. The preset effluent value threshold range can be determined through the wastewater treatment plant's annual discharge report. When the data exceeds the threshold range for n consecutive cycles (n is set according to the actual situation of each wastewater treatment plant, 1 cycle = 2 hours), an abnormal alarm message containing the deviation value, alarm level, and timestamp is generated and pushed to the wastewater treatment plant's process management department node. ② Execute outlier detection algorithm: Based on 90 days of historical data stored in the consortium blockchain, a dynamic baseline is constructed using the moving average method (window period = 7 days). When a single monitoring value deviates from the baseline by ±3σ, an abnormal high / low state is marked in conjunction with the sewage treatment plant's operating conditions to generate an intelligent alarm with confidence assessment. ③ Based on the processed water quality data and the output results of the two algorithms mentioned above, a corresponding device process parameter adjustment scheme is obtained, and a parameter adjustment message is generated. The parameter adjustment message includes the processed water quality data, the process parameter adjustment scheme, the associated alarm number (if any), and the timestamp. Before this step, the member nodes of the consortium blockchain jointly formulate a smart contract and deploy it on the consortium blockchain. The superior management department or each sewage treatment plant pre-sets relevant algorithms such as threshold comparison algorithms, outlier detection algorithms, water quality analysis based on fuzzy data, and algorithms for adjusting equipment process parameters based on analysis results, and writes them into the smart contract in the form of functions. After the smart contract is deployed, it can be executed automatically according to the preset conditions without human control.

[0070] S06: Based on the received parameter adjustment messages, the process management department node issues instructions to the intelligent adjustable bioreactor, and adjusts process parameters such as the zone volume ratio and aeration status through the general control module to improve the wastewater treatment effect. Based on the equipment maintenance messages, the equipment management department node refers to the device's maintenance and repair plan to perform maintenance, risk investigation, and fault repair on the corresponding devices, thereby realizing dynamic optimization of wastewater treatment process operating parameters.

[0071] Specifically, the equipment management department node analyzes the corresponding equipment status based on the equipment operation data, and generates an operation status evaluation, a maintenance and repair plan for the equipment, and a device maintenance message. The device maintenance message includes the equipment operation status evaluation, the device maintenance and repair plan, a timestamp, the digital certificate of the equipment management department node, and its signature.

[0072] S07: The ledger node selected by the consortium blockchain consensus mechanism verifies all messages received within a certain period, including node data messages, parameter adjustment messages, and equipment maintenance messages. It then packages the verified messages into a new block and sends it to other member nodes. After all member nodes execute the consensus protocol, the new block is added to the consortium blockchain. All member nodes synchronize the consortium blockchain to update the ledger. Key data such as water quality data, equipment operation data, running data, and maintenance records during the wastewater treatment process are permanently stored on the consortium blockchain, achieving trusted storage of key data and full lifecycle management of wastewater treatment equipment.

[0073] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A blockchain-based intelligent adjustable bioreactor system, characterized in that, include: Intelligent adjustable bioreactors are deployed in wastewater treatment plants for wastewater treatment and collection of wastewater quality data. The consortium blockchain includes nodes from higher-level management departments and process management departments of various wastewater treatment plants. The higher-level management department node registers the identity of the process management department node. The process management department node of each sewage treatment plant obtains the water quality data collected by the intelligent adjustable biological reactor of the corresponding sewage treatment plant, and broadcasts the process node data in the consortium blockchain after encryption. The smart contract deployed on the consortium blockchain generates process parameter adjustment information, which includes water quality data and process parameter adjustment schemes, based on the water quality data in the process node data. After receiving the process parameter adjustment information, the process management department node sends a process parameter adjustment command to the corresponding intelligent adjustable bioreactor. The process parameter adjustment instructions include adjusting the volume of the post-anoxic zone and the aerobic zone in the intelligent adjustable bioreactor. The intelligent adjustable bioreactor includes: The reactor has an anaerobic zone, an anoxic zone, an aerobic zone, and a post-anoxic zone arranged sequentially inside the reactor along the direction of wastewater flow. A first baffle containing a first water passage hole is provided between the anaerobic zone and the anoxic zone; a second baffle containing a second water passage hole is provided between the anoxic zone and the aerobic zone; and a third baffle containing a third water passage hole is provided between the aerobic zone and the post-anoxic zone. The first and second baffles are fixedly installed, and the third baffle can be adjusted back and forth along the direction of sewage flow. The device also includes an anoxic reflux pump and a post-anoxic reflux pump; the inlet end of the anoxic reflux pump is connected to the bottom end of the anoxic zone, and the outlet end of the anoxic reflux pump is connected to the bottom front end of the anaerobic zone; the inlet end of the post-anoxic reflux pump is connected to the bottom end of the post-anoxic zone, and the outlet end of the post-anoxic reflux pump is connected to the bottom front end of the anoxic zone. The inlet of the anaerobic zone is equipped with an inlet water quality sensor; The initial volume ratio of each zone in the intelligent adjustable bioreactor is set as anaerobic zone: anoxic zone: aerobic zone: post-anoxic zone = 1:4:4:1; Under stable influent water quality, the first and second baffles are fixedly installed, and the third baffle moves towards the starting point, reducing the volume of the aerobic zone and increasing the volume of the post-anoxic zone, so that the volume ratio of each zone becomes anaerobic zone: anoxic zone: aerobic zone: post-anoxic zone = 1:4:3:

2. This state is maintained for long-term operation to reduce energy and chemical consumption. When the influent water quality suddenly deteriorates, the first and second baffles are fixed, and the third baffle moves away from the starting point, reducing the volume of the post-anoxic zone and increasing the volume of the aerobic zone, so that the volume ratio is restored to anaerobic zone: anoxic zone: aerobic zone: post-anoxic zone = 1:4:4:1, which quickly improves the removal efficiency of carbon and nitrogen pollutants and ensures that the effluent water quality meets the standards. The third partition plate has electrically operated perforations, which are closed during normal reactor operation. In this state, when the third baffle needs to be moved, the perforations on the third baffle automatically open to reduce the impact of water pressure on the movement of the third baffle.

2. The blockchain-based intelligent adjustable bioreactor system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent adjustable bioreactor also collects effluent water quality data; the process parameter adjustment scheme generated by the smart contract also refers to the effluent water quality data, specifically including: Smart contract execution threshold comparison algorithm: The actual effluent water quality data is compared in real time with a preset effluent water value threshold range; if the value exceeds the threshold range, an alarm is generated; and / or: Smart contract execution outlier detection algorithm: Based on historical data stored in the consortium blockchain, a dynamic baseline is constructed using the moving average method; when the water quality data of a single outflow deviates from the dynamic baseline by a certain range, alarm data is generated.

3. The blockchain-based intelligent adjustable bioreactor system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The consortium blockchain also includes nodes for the equipment management departments of each wastewater treatment plant; The superior management department node registers the identity of the equipment management department node. The equipment management department node of each sewage treatment plant obtains the device operation data, running data and maintenance record data of the intelligent adjustable bioreactor of the corresponding sewage treatment plant to generate maintenance and repair plans. After encryption, the equipment node data is broadcast in the consortium blockchain.

4. A blockchain-based intelligent adjustable bioreactor system according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: Before joining the consortium blockchain, the process management department and the equipment management department need to register their identities, including: After receiving the registration request from the corresponding management department, the superior management department node verifies the identity and qualifications. If the verification is successful, a public-private key pair and account address are generated for the corresponding management department, the registration information is added to the consortium blockchain, and a digital certificate is generated and sent to the corresponding management department as proof of the corresponding management department's participation in the consortium blockchain.

5. A blockchain-based intelligent adjustable bioreactor system according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The consortium blockchain also includes ledger nodes selected by the consortium blockchain consensus mechanism. The ledger nodes verify the node data messages and process parameter adjustment information received within a certain period of time, and package the verified messages into a new block and send them to other member nodes. After all member nodes execute the consensus protocol, new blocks will be added to the consortium blockchain. All member nodes will synchronize the consortium blockchain to update the consortium blockchain ledger, and key data will be permanently stored on the consortium blockchain.

6. The blockchain-based intelligent adjustable bioreactor system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process node data to be sent is processed and then broadcast onto the blockchain; the processed process node data includes encrypted original process node data and obfuscated process node data.

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