Connection device

Abstract

The application relates to a connecting device, which comprises a first conductor, a second conductor and a connecting conductor; the second conductor is located on one side of the first conductor. The connecting conductor is made of flexible material, the connecting conductor is provided with a connecting groove, the connecting groove extends in the distribution direction of the first conductor and the second conductor, one end of the connecting conductor is electrically connected to the first conductor, and the second conductor is slidably and electrically connected to the other end of the connecting conductor in the connecting groove. The above scheme can absorb the stress caused by thermal expansion and cold shrinkage through the deformation of the connecting conductor itself and the sliding of the connecting conductor relative to the second conductor. The stress caused by the vibration of the transformer during the use of the transformer can also be absorbed through the deformation of the connecting conductor itself and the sliding of the connecting conductor relative to the second conductor. In addition, during the assembly of high-voltage GIS and the transformer, the assembly deviation between the first conductor and the second conductor caused by the possible position deviation of the two can also be absorbed through the deformation of the connecting conductor itself, thereby facilitating the assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power equipment technology, and in particular to a connection device. Background Technology

[0002] As a critical hub for power transmission and distribution, the safe and stable operation of core equipment such as transformers and high-voltage switchgear (e.g., GIS) is of paramount importance in substations. With the continuous development of the power industry and the ever-increasing demand for electricity, ensuring reliable electrical connections between transformers and high-voltage GIS equipment has become a key aspect of improving the reliability and stability of power supply systems.

[0003] During substation construction, after the transformer and high-voltage GIS are installed and assembled, they need to undergo separate on-site insulation withstand voltage tests. When the transformer and high-voltage GIS are connected by oil-gas bushings, a reliable insulation withstand voltage break needs to be formed between the transformer's insulating bushing and the high-voltage GIS, and each needs to undergo an insulation withstand voltage test. After the insulation withstand voltage tests of the transformer and high-voltage GIS are completed, a reliable electrical connection needs to be established before the substation can be put into long-term operation.

[0004] However, existing electrical connection devices still suffer from significant technical bottlenecks. On the one hand, during long-term operation, they cannot effectively cope with the thermal expansion and contraction stress of conductors caused by changes in ambient temperature. This stress accumulation may lead to loosening of connections, increased contact resistance, or even electrical connection failure. On the other hand, they are unable to withstand the vibration stress generated during transformer operation, and long-term vibration can easily cause fatigue damage to connection components. Furthermore, due to the unavoidable positional deviations between the GIS and the transformer during on-site installation, existing connection devices cannot achieve high-precision adaptive adjustment, thus affecting the reliability and stability of electrical connections. These technical deficiencies severely restrict the long-term safe and stable operation of substation equipment and urgently require innovative technical solutions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a connection device to address the problem that existing electrical connection devices between GIS and transformers cannot cope with thermal stress, vibration, and assembly position deviations.

[0006] A connecting device includes a first conductor, a second conductor, and a connecting conductor; the second conductor is located on one side of the first conductor. The connecting conductor is made of a flexible material and has a connecting groove extending in the distribution direction of the first and second conductors. One end of the connecting conductor is electrically connected to the first conductor, and the second conductor is slidably electrically connected to the other end of the connecting conductor within the connecting groove.

[0007] In one embodiment, the connection device further includes a transition conductor located on the side of the second conductor away from the first conductor, and the transition conductor and the second conductor are electrically connected.

[0008] In one embodiment, the connection device further includes a shield, which is cylindrical and has one end connected to the first conductor and the other end fitted around the outer periphery of the transition conductor. The second conductor and the connecting conductor are both located inside the shield.

[0009] In one embodiment, the outer wall of the shield has an arc-shaped chamfer at one end where the shield is fitted over the outer periphery of the transition conductor.

[0010] In one embodiment, the connection device further includes an insulating pad, which is made of insulating material and is located inside the shield. The portions of the first conductor, the second conductor, the connecting conductor, and the transition conductor located inside the shield do not protrude beyond the circumferential surface of the insulating pad.

[0011] In one embodiment, the insulating pad has a ring-shaped structure and is connected to the transition conductor. The outer diameter of the insulating pad is larger than the maximum diameter of the portion of the connecting conductor located inside the shield, and the inner diameter of the insulating pad is not smaller than the outer diameter of the second conductor so as to be fitted over the outside of the second conductor.

[0012] In one embodiment, the first conductor includes a top end portion and a first connecting portion connected together. The diameter of the top end portion is larger than the diameter of the first connecting portion, and the top end portion is located on the side of the first connecting portion away from the second conductor. A shield is connected to the circumferential surface of the top end portion, and a connecting conductor is connected to the circumferential surface of the first connecting portion.

[0013] In one embodiment, the second conductor is located in the axial extension direction of the first conductor, and the connecting groove extends in the axial direction of the first conductor, allowing the second conductor to slide relative to the connecting conductor in the axial direction of the first conductor along the connecting groove.

[0014] In one embodiment, the second conductor includes a bottom end and a second connecting portion connected to each other, the bottom end being connected to the transition conductor, and the diameter of the second connecting portion being smaller than the diameter of the bottom end.

[0015] In one embodiment, the connecting device further includes a pressure ring, which is sleeved on the outer periphery of the second connecting portion and has an inner diameter smaller than the diameter of the bottom end. The pressure ring is fixedly connected to the transition conductor.

[0016] The connection device provided by the above solution uses a flexible material for the connecting conductor that connects the first and second conductors. The portion of the connecting conductor that connects to the second conductor can slide relative to the second conductor along the connecting groove. This allows the connecting conductor to absorb thermal stress caused by thermal expansion and contraction between the first and second conductors due to their own thermal expansion and contraction or that of other expansion elements. Furthermore, the stress generated by transformer vibration during transformer operation can also be absorbed by the deformation of the connecting conductor and its sliding relative to the second conductor. Additionally, during the assembly of high-voltage GIS and transformers, assembly deviations between the first and second conductors caused by potential positional discrepancies can be absorbed by the deformation of the connecting conductor, thus facilitating assembly. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the use scenario of the connecting device in one embodiment of this application.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the use of the connecting device in one embodiment of this application.

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the connecting device.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100. Connecting device; 110. First conductor; 111. Top end; 112. First connecting part; 113. First connecting hole; 120. Second conductor; 121. Bottom end; 122. Second connecting part; 131. Connecting groove; 130. Connecting conductor; 140. Transition conductor; 141. Second connecting hole; 150. Shielding cover; 160. Insulating pad; 170. Pressure ring; 200. High voltage GIS; 300. Transformer oil and gas bushing; 310. Insulating bushing; 400. Break; 500. Housing; 510. Hand hole. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0022] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to," "set on," or "properly placed on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intermediate component. When a component is considered to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intermediate component present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application's specification are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0023] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0024] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature and the second feature are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0025] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and / or" as used in this application includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating a usage scenario of the connection device 100 according to an embodiment of this application is shown. For example... Figure 1 As shown, in the field of transformers, an insulation break 400 is provided between the transformer oil and gas bushing 300 and the high-voltage GIS 200. Figure 2 This illustration shows a schematic diagram of the use of the connection device 100 in one embodiment of the present application, in conjunction with... Figure 2 As shown, a connection device 100 provided in one embodiment of this application is connected between the transformer oil and gas bushing 300 and the high-voltage GIS 200 so that the two can be electrically connected.

[0027] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 ,like Figure 3 As shown, the connecting device 100 includes a first conductor 110, a second conductor 120, and a connecting conductor 130.

[0028] Both the first conductor 110 and the second conductor 120 are made of conductive materials. The first conductor 110 is used to connect to the high-voltage GIS 200. The second conductor 120 is used to connect to the transformer oil and gas bushing 300 through the transition conductor 140, thereby achieving a conductive connection between the transformer and the high-voltage GIS 200 through the connection device 100.

[0029] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the first conductor 110 has a first connection hole 113 for connecting the high-voltage GIS 200 on the end face opposite to the second conductor 120, and the connection between the first conductor 110 and the high-voltage GIS 200 is achieved by using a fastener such as a fastening bolt.

[0030] like Figure 3 As shown, the second conductor 120 is located on one side of the first conductor 110. In this embodiment, the second conductor 120 is located in the axial extension direction of the first conductor 110 as an example. In the illustration, the second conductor 120 is shown below the first conductor 110, but this is not intended to be limiting.

[0031] Connecting conductor 130 is used to electrically connect the first conductor 110 and the second conductor 120, and connecting conductor 130 is made of a conductive material. Meanwhile, as... Figure 3 As shown, the connecting conductor 130 is made of a flexible material. For example, it can be a metal busbar or the like. One end of the connecting conductor 130 is electrically connected to the first conductor 110, and the second conductor 120 is electrically connected to the other end of the connecting conductor 130 in a sliding groove 131, so that the first conductor 110 and the second conductor 120 are electrically connected.

[0032] like Figure 3 As shown, the connecting conductor 130 has a connecting groove 131, which extends in the distribution direction of the first conductor 110 and the second conductor 120. In this embodiment, the connecting conductor 130 is located in the extension direction of the first conductor 110 in its own axial direction, so the connecting groove 131 extends in the axial direction of the first conductor 110.

[0033] Since the connecting conductor 130 is made of a flexible material and the second conductor 120 can slide relative to the connecting conductor 130 along the connecting groove 131, the thermal stress generated between the first conductor 110 and the second conductor 120 due to thermal expansion and contraction of themselves or other expansion elements can be absorbed by the deformation of the connecting conductor 130 and the sliding of the connecting conductor 130 relative to the second conductor 120. On the other hand, the stress generated by transformer vibration during transformer use can also be absorbed by the deformation of the connecting conductor 130 and the sliding of the connecting conductor 130 relative to the second conductor 120. In addition, the assembly deviation between the first conductor 110 and the second conductor 120 caused by the possible positional deviation between the high-voltage GIS 200 and the transformer oil and gas bushing 300 can also be absorbed by the deformation of the connecting conductor 130, thus making assembly easier.

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the connecting device 100 further includes a transition conductor 140, which is made of a conductive material and is combined with... Figure 2 The transition conductor 140 is used to connect the insulating bushing 310 of the transformer oil and gas bushing 300 and to be electrically connected to the internal conductor of the transformer oil and gas bushing 300.

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, the transition conductor 140 is located on the side of the second conductor 120 away from the first conductor 110, and the transition conductor 140 and the second conductor 120 are electrically connected. In this embodiment, the second conductor 120 and the transition conductor 140 are in direct contact to achieve an electrical connection between them, but this is not a limitation. In other embodiments, they can also be indirectly connected through other conductive materials.

[0036] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, a second connection hole 141 is provided at the end of the transition conductor 140 away from the second conductor 120. The transition conductor 140 is connected to the insulating sleeve 310 by fasteners such as fastening bolts to the second connection hole 141.

[0037] like Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the connection device 100 further includes a shield 150 for insulating shielding and controlling and optimizing the electric field distribution, thereby ensuring the safe, reliable, and efficient operation of the device. In this embodiment, the shield 150 is made of aluminum alloy tubing, but this is not a limitation.

[0038] like Figure 3As shown, the shield 150 is cylindrical, with one end connected to the first conductor 110 and the other end sleeved on the outer periphery of the transition conductor 140. The second conductor 120 and the connecting conductor 130 are both located inside the shield 150, thereby improving the insulation performance of the connecting device 100 and enhancing its insulation reliability.

[0039] In one embodiment, the surface finish of the outer surface of the shield 150 is no greater than 3.2 micrometers, which can be achieved by polishing, thereby improving the electric field distribution and preventing partial discharge (corona) and breakdown.

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the outer wall of the shield 150 has an arc-shaped chamfer at one end where the shield 150 is fitted around the outer periphery of the transition conductor 140. By providing a smooth conductive surface, the shield 150 can force electric field lines to be evenly distributed along its surface, significantly reducing the local maximum electric field intensity generated at sharp edges or small radii of curvature, thereby achieving a uniform electric field distribution and reducing the electric field intensity.

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the connecting device 100 further includes an insulating pad 160, which is made of insulating material. Exemplarily, in this embodiment, the insulating pad 160 is formed from a 3mm-5mm thick plastic sheet, but this is not a limitation. In other embodiments, the insulating pad 160 may also be made of other thicknesses and other materials.

[0042] During installation, the shield 150 is inserted into the housing 500 through the handhole 510. The shield 150 is then fitted over the transition conductor 140. The shield 150 is then pulled axially along the transition conductor 140, allowing it to slide relative to the transition conductor 140. Finally, the end of the shield 150 furthest from the transition conductor 140 is secured to the first conductor 110, completing the installation of the shield 150. During the sliding process of the shield 150 relative to the transition conductor 140, if the shield 150 comes into contact with its internal components—the first conductor 110, the second conductor 120, the connecting conductor 130, and the transition conductor 140—relative friction may occur, generating metal powder. This metal powder can lead to insulation discharge.

[0043] like Figure 3As shown, the insulating pad 160 is located inside the shielding cover 150. The portions of the first conductor 110, the second conductor 120, the connecting conductor 130, and the transition conductor 140 located inside the shielding cover 150 do not protrude beyond the circumferential surface of the insulating pad 160. This is to limit the position of the shielding cover 150 in the radial direction by the insulating pad 160, thereby preventing the shielding cover 150 from contacting the first conductor 110, the second conductor 120, the connecting conductor 130, and the transition conductor 140 disposed inside it. This avoids the problem of metal powder being generated due to contact and friction between the shielding cover 150 and the first conductor 110, the connecting conductor 130, the second conductor 120, and the transition conductor 140 during installation.

[0044] like Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the insulating pad 160 has an annular structure and is connected to the transition conductor 140. In this embodiment, the insulating pad 160 is fixedly connected to the end face of the transition conductor 140 facing the second conductor 120 by a fastener such as a fastening bolt. However, this is not a limitation. The insulating pad 160 and the transition conductor 140 can also adopt other connection methods such as a snap-fit, or they can be connected to other end faces of the transition conductor 140 such as the circumferential surface.

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, the outer diameter of the insulating pad 160 is larger than the maximum diameter of the portion of the connecting conductor 130 located inside the shield 150, and the inner diameter of the insulating pad 160 is not less than the outer diameter of the second conductor 120 so as to be fitted onto the outside of the second conductor 120. This allows the insulating pad 160 to be positioned radially within the shield 150, preventing the shield 150 from contacting the first conductor 110, connecting conductor 130, second conductor 120, and transition conductor 140 inside. In this embodiment, the second conductor 120 has a variable diameter structure, and the inner diameter of the insulating pad 160 is not less than the outer diameter of the second conductor 120 near the end of the transition conductor 140, while the outer diameter of the insulating pad 160 is not less than the maximum outer diameter of the second conductor 120.

[0046] For example, the outer diameter of the insulating pad 160 is 2 mm to 4 mm larger than the outer diameter of the transition conductor 140, thereby providing better anti-friction effect. For example, the outer peripheral edge of the insulating pad 160 has a rounded corner structure to make the shielding cover 150 slide more smoothly up and down.

[0047] like Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the first conductor 110 includes a top end portion 111 and a first connecting portion 112 connected together, wherein the diameter of the top end portion 111 is larger than the diameter of the first connecting portion 112, and the top end portion 111 is located on the side of the first connecting portion 112 away from the second conductor 120, and a first connecting hole 113 for connecting a high-voltage GIS 200 is provided on the end face of the top end portion 111 away from the first connecting portion 112.

[0048] like Figure 3 As shown, the shield 150 is connected to the circumferential surface of the top end 111. In this embodiment, the circumferential surface of the top end 111 is provided with an upper mounting hole arranged radially along the top end 111. The shield 150 and the top end 111 are connected to the upper mounting hole by a fastener, such as a fastening screw, but this is not a limitation.

[0049] like Figure 3 As shown, the connecting conductor 130 is connected to the peripheral surface of the first connecting portion 112. In this embodiment, the peripheral surface of the first connecting portion 112 is provided with a lower mounting hole arranged radially along the first connecting portion 112. The connecting conductor 130 and the first connecting portion 112 are connected to the lower mounting hole by a fastener, such as a fastening screw, but this is not a limitation.

[0050] like Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the second conductor 120 is located in the axial extension direction of the first conductor 110, and the connecting groove 131 extends in the axial direction of the first conductor 110. The second conductor 120 is capable of sliding relative to the connecting conductor 130 in the axial direction of the first conductor 110 along the connecting groove 131. Figure 3 When the second conductor 120 is as Figure 3 As shown, the connecting groove 131 extends vertically below the first conductor 110, but this is not a limitation. If the first conductor 110 and the second conductor 120 are distributed horizontally as shown in the figure, the connecting groove 131 may extend horizontally.

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the second conductor 120 includes a bottom end portion 121 and a second connecting portion 122 connected together. The bottom end portion 121 is connected to the transition conductor 140. In this embodiment, the end face of the bottom end portion 121 facing the transition conductor 140 contacts the transition conductor 140, thereby achieving a conductive connection between the two.

[0052] like Figure 3 As shown, the diameter of the second connecting part 122 is smaller than the diameter of the bottom end 121, so that the installation of the second conductor 120 is more stable and avoids tilting.

[0053] like Figure 2 As shown, the connecting groove 131 is formed on the circumferential surface of the connecting conductor 130 to facilitate the processing of the connecting groove 131 and to prevent the connecting conductor 130 from interfering with the sliding of the second conductor 120 along the connecting groove 131.

[0054] like Figure 3As shown, in one embodiment, the connecting device 100 further includes a pressure ring 170, which is sleeved on the outer periphery of the second connecting portion 122 and the inner diameter of the pressure ring 170 is not greater than the diameter of the bottom end portion 121. The pressure ring 170 is fixedly connected to the transition conductor 140 and is used to press the bottom end portion 121 against the end face of the transition conductor 140, so that the connection between the second conductor 120 and the transition conductor 140 is more stable.

[0055] In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the insulating pad 160 is 2mm to 4mm larger than the outer diameter of the pressure ring 170 to prevent the pressure ring 170 and the shield 150 from contacting and rubbing against each other. In this embodiment, both the insulating pad 160 and the pressure ring 170 are connected to the end face of the transition conductor 140 that connects to the second conductor 120. The fasteners for connecting the insulating pad 160 and the fasteners for connecting the pressure ring 170 are staggered in the circumferential direction of the transition conductor 140 to avoid mutual interference.

[0056] The connecting device 100 provided in the above solution uses a flexible material for the connecting conductor 130 that connects the first conductor 110 and the second conductor 120. The portion of the connecting conductor 130 that connects to the second conductor 120 can slide relative to the second conductor 120 along the connecting groove 131. This allows the connecting conductor 130 to absorb the thermal stress caused by thermal expansion and contraction between the first conductor 110 and the second conductor 120 due to thermal expansion and contraction of itself or other expansion elements. On the other hand, the stress caused by transformer vibration during transformer use can also be absorbed by the deformation of the connecting conductor 130 and the sliding of the connecting conductor 130 relative to the second conductor 120. Furthermore, the assembly deviation between the first conductor 110 and the second conductor 120 caused by possible positional deviations during the assembly of the high-voltage GIS 200 and the transformer can also be absorbed by the deformation of the connecting conductor 130, thus facilitating assembly.

[0057] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0058] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A connecting device, characterized in that, The connecting device includes: First conductor; The second conductor is located on one side of the first conductor; The connecting conductor is made of a flexible material and has a connecting groove extending in the distribution direction of the first conductor and the second conductor. One end of the connecting conductor is electrically connected to the first conductor, and the second conductor is electrically connected to the other end of the connecting conductor in a slidable manner within the connecting groove. A transition conductor is located on the side of the second conductor away from the first conductor, and the transition conductor and the second conductor are electrically connected; A shielding cover, the shielding cover being cylindrical, with one end connected to the first conductor and the other end fitted around the outer periphery of the transition conductor, the second conductor and the connecting conductor both located inside the shielding cover; and An insulating pad is made of insulating material and is located inside the shielding cover. The portions of the first conductor, the second conductor, the connecting conductor, and the transition conductor located inside the shielding cover do not protrude beyond the circumferential surface of the insulating pad.

2. The connecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the shielding cover has an arc-shaped chamfer at one end where the shielding cover is fitted around the outer periphery of the transition conductor.

3. The connecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating pad has a ring structure and is connected to the transition conductor. The outer diameter of the insulating pad is larger than the maximum diameter of the portion of the connecting conductor located inside the shield. The inner diameter of the insulating pad is not smaller than the outer diameter of the second conductor so as to be fitted over the outside of the second conductor.

4. The connecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first conductor includes a top end portion and a first connecting portion connected together. The diameter of the top end portion is larger than the diameter of the first connecting portion, and the top end portion is located on the side of the first connecting portion away from the second conductor. The shield is connected to the circumferential surface of the top end portion, and the connecting conductor is connected to the circumferential surface of the first connecting portion.

5. The connecting device according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, The second conductor is located in the axial extension direction of the first conductor, and the connecting groove extends in the axial direction of the first conductor, allowing the second conductor to slide relative to the connecting conductor along the connecting groove in the axial direction of the first conductor.

6. The connecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second conductor includes a bottom end and a second connecting portion connected to each other. The bottom end is connected to the transition conductor, and the diameter of the second connecting portion is smaller than the diameter of the bottom end.

7. The connecting device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The connecting device further includes a pressure ring, which is sleeved on the outer periphery of the second connecting part and the inner diameter of the pressure ring is smaller than the diameter of the bottom end. The pressure ring is fixedly connected to the transition conductor.

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