Electromagnetic rheo-magnetic polishing tool with electric field generating device

Abstract

The application discloses an electric field generating device and an electromagnetic rheological grinding and polishing tool with the device, and belongs to the technical field of electric field generating devices and electromagnetic rheological grinding and polishing tools. Compared with the prior art, the electric field generating device and the electromagnetic rheological grinding and polishing tool with the device are more suitable for elongated pipe fittings with different diameters, can accurately form a safe and stable electric field in a machining area, have the advantages of high machining efficiency, high applicability, safety, environmental protection, low cost and the like, and meet the requirements of industrial production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of surface grinding / polishing technology, specifically relating to an electric field generating device and an electromagnetic rheological grinding and polishing tool having the device. Background Technology

[0002] Slender tubular components are indispensable core service parts in many high-end equipment, widely used in nuclear industry, shipbuilding, aerospace and other fields, and the demand for their application is increasing. However, the service environment of slender tubular components is often very harsh, which requires extremely high surface quality. However, the workpiece chatter and poor machining consistency caused by the ultra-large length-to-diameter ratio of slender tubular components have become constraints on their application. Therefore, the existing finishing technology for slender tubular components faces severe challenges.

[0003] Currently, slender tubular components are typically finished using grinding / polishing methods such as belt abrasion, magnetic abrasion, and magnetorheological polishing. However, belt abrasion can cause scratches on the surface of slender tubular components due to abrasive grain aggregation, and this method is only suitable for the outer surface of the components. While magnetic abrasion can be used on both the inner and outer surfaces of the components, the poor replaceability of the abrasive may lead to low processing efficiency and can easily cause dust pollution, endangering the health of operators. Magnetorheological polishing uses the magnetorheological effect to form a semi-solid chain structure that interacts with the surface being processed, thereby achieving a smooth finish. Although this method ensures the fluidity and replaceability of the abrasive, the chain structure formed by the single magnetorheological effect has low shear strength and low processing efficiency.

[0004] Electrorheological technology can constrain particles exhibiting electrorheological effects through an electric field. Therefore, by combining electrorheological and magnetorheological technologies to constrain particles exhibiting both electrorheological and magnetorheological effects, the strength of the chain structure formed by a single magnetorheological effect can be effectively enhanced, making it more controllable and thus improving processing efficiency. However, due to the limited range of electrorheological and magnetorheological effects, only a tiny gap can remain between the tool and the workpiece. The magnetorheological effect has a relatively large range, so existing magnetic field generating devices are suitable for processing pipes with a certain range of diameter variations. In contrast, the range of electrorheological effects is very small. Therefore, the electric field generating device used to generate the electrorheological effect must be in close contact with the workpiece through a rheological medium to ensure that the generated electric field, after stimulating the electrorheological effect, effectively constrains the rheological particles to act on the workpiece surface, thereby achieving electromagnetic rheological composite finishing. This leads to the need to manufacture electric field generating devices of different specifications for pipes of different diameters to achieve close contact between the electric field device and the workpiece through the rheological medium, thus limiting the applicability of the tools. Furthermore, because electromagnetic rheodynamic composite processing technology requires the simultaneous generation of electric and magnetic fields, existing technologies typically generate the electric field for electrorheological processing by continuously energizing all electrodes. However, not all electric fields can effectively act on the processing area, resulting in ineffective energy consumption or waste. Therefore, under the vision of achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, existing electromagnetic rheodynamic composite processing technology cannot yet meet the application requirements.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a highly applicable, energy-saving and environmentally friendly electric field generating device, as well as a finishing tool that can efficiently improve the surface quality of slender pipe fittings and can be conveniently applied to pipe fittings of different diameters, so as to provide key technical support for the development of key areas such as my country's nuclear industry. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems existing in the current finishing of slender tubes, such as the limited applicability of tools to slender tubes with large diameter differences, poor abrasive fluidity, low shear strength of magnetorheological fluid, low processing efficiency, and high energy loss, this invention proposes an electric field generating device and an electromagnetic rheological grinding and polishing tool incorporating the device.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] An electric field generating device includes a metal plate, a carbon brush mounting plate, carbon brushes, and a power supply, characterized in that:

[0009] The metal plate is arranged on a carrier with a small gap to the processing area of ​​the workpiece, and the inner and outer sides of the metal plate are on the same plane as the inner and outer sides of the carrier; the inner and outer sides of the metal plate are in contact with the carbon brush and the medium with electrorheological characteristics, respectively.

[0010] The carbon brushes are evenly distributed on the carbon brush mounting plate near the processing area and are alternately connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply. Therefore, a safe and stable electric field is generated only near the processing area, which causes the rheological medium to produce an electrorheological effect, which acts on the processing area to achieve the grinding and polishing effect.

[0011] An electromagnetic rheological grinding and polishing tool with an electric field generating device includes a slider, a lower baffle, a fixed shaft, a motor, gears, a gear ring, a lower rotating ring, an inner bearing cover, a metal plate, a rotating ring, a baffle, an upper rotating ring, an upper baffle, an outer bearing cover, a bearing, a bearing isolation ring, a magnetic pole mounting plate, magnetic poles, a carbon brush mounting plate, rheological fluid, a workpiece, a carbon brush, a rheological fluid input device, a rheological fluid recovery device, abrasive grains, and a power supply. Its distinguishing feature is that:

[0012] The workpiece rotates and feeds during the processing. The motor drives the gear, which in turn drives the gear ring, lower rotating ring, rotating ring, and upper rotating ring to rotate. The rheology fluid input device delivers rheology fluid to the outer surface of the workpiece. After processing, the rheology fluid is recycled by the rheology fluid recovery device.

[0013] The rheological fluid is simultaneously introduced from one side of the workpiece to fill the tube space and collected at the outlet for recycling. The magnetic poles are fixed to the magnetic pole mounting plate to generate a stable magnetic field.

[0014] The metal plates are evenly distributed on the rotating ring. Near the processing area, several carbon brushes are evenly distributed on the carbon brush mounting plate and fixed. Adjacent carbon brushes are alternately connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply. As the rotating ring rotates continuously, only a few metal plates will contact the carbon brushes and be energized in the processing area, so as to accurately form a safe and stable electric field in the processing area.

[0015] The rheological fluid can be applied to both the inner and outer surfaces of the workpiece simultaneously, thus enabling the simultaneous processing of both the inner and outer surfaces of the workpiece in a single operation.

[0016] Furthermore, the electromagnetic rheological grinding and polishing tool is arranged on both sides of the workpiece, and the gap can be adjusted by a slider to adapt to the processing of pipes of different diameters, eliminating the need to manufacture electric field generating devices of different specifications for pipes of different diameters.

[0017] Furthermore, the metal plates are evenly distributed on the rotating ring and rotate with the rotating ring. The metal plates connect with the carbon brush and generate an electric field only when the metal plates move to the vicinity of the processing area.

[0018] Furthermore, the rheological fluid is composed of a base fluid, a dispersant, and abrasive grains with strong magnetic properties, high dielectric properties, and excellent cutting ability. It exhibits both electrorheological and magnetorheological effects. Under the action of an electromagnetic coupling field, it can strengthen the chains formed by a single magnetic field and a single electric field, forming a high-strength semi-solid chain structure that interacts with the outer surface of the workpiece, performing electromagnetic rheological composite processing on the outer surface. Since the inner surface of the workpiece is shielded and has virtually no electric field effect, the rheological fluid only performs magnetorheological processing on the inner surface. As the rheological fluid is continuously input, the rheological fluid and abrasive grains involved in the processing are continuously replaced. When it leaves the processing area, the semi-solid chain structure gradually transforms back into a liquid state and is recycled for reuse.

[0019] Furthermore, the magnetic poles are composed of sector-shaped permanent magnets, or electromagnets may be used.

[0020] Furthermore, the electromagnetic rheological grinding and polishing tool adopts a split design to facilitate the replacement of easily worn parts such as carbon brushes and metal plates.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and significant effects:

[0022] (1) It has high processing efficiency and wide applicability. Through the coupling effect of electrorheology and magnetorheology, the structural strength of the chain formed under the action of single electrorheology or magnetorheology is strengthened, and the controllability of abrasive particles is enhanced. At the same time, it realizes the composite processing of magnetorheological processing of the inner surface of the pipe and electromagnetic rheological processing of the outer surface, which can be used to process the inner and outer surfaces of pipes of different diameters in one process. In addition, the present invention proposes an opposing electromagnetic rheological grinding and polishing tool with a slider. The gap between the tools can be directly adjusted by the slider, which is suitable for the finishing of pipes of different diameters. It does not require the manufacture of electric field generating devices of different specifications for pipes of different diameters. Compared with existing related devices, the present invention can be more conveniently applied to slender pipes with a wider range of diameter differences.

[0023] (2) Safe, environmentally friendly, and low-cost. The processing of slender pipe fittings can be completed using two opposing electromagnetic rheological grinding and polishing tools. Considering that traditional pipe fitting processing methods such as belt grinding require frequent tool changes, this invention significantly reduces processing costs. Based on the fast response of the electrorheological effect, the electric field generating device proposed in this invention only arranges several carbon brushes near the processing area, and the metal plate is only connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply near the processing area. Therefore, a safe and stable electric field can be accurately formed in the processing area to act on the rheological medium, resulting in lower energy consumption compared to existing related devices that continuously supply power to all electrodes. The structural design of this electromagnetic rheological grinding and polishing tool also facilitates the recovery and circulation of the rheological fluid. As the workpiece rotates, feeds, and the rheological fluid is continuously input, the rheological fluid that has participated in the processing gradually leaves the magnetic and electric field action area and returns to a liquid state, facilitating recovery and preventing dust pollution, thus being environmentally friendly. Furthermore, since this electromagnetic rheological grinding and polishing tool adopts a split design, the design concept of the rotating ring structure in this invention also facilitates the disassembly and replacement of consumable parts such as carbon brushes and metal plates, resulting in low usage and replacement costs.

[0024] Furthermore, the electric field generating device in this invention is a component with a separate function, while the rotating ring only serves as its mounting carrier. Therefore, the design concept of mounting the metal plate in the rotating ring carrier and simultaneously contacting the rheological medium and carbon brush can also be applied to the grinding and polishing of various flat, curved, and spherical workpieces. For example, by using the polishing disc or support component of an existing conventional device as a carrier to mount the metal plate, with both sides in contact with the rheological medium and carbon brush respectively, the electric field generating device proposed in this invention can achieve the function of generating a safe and stable electric field only in the processing area. At the same time, in the electric field generating device and the electromagnetic rheological grinding and polishing tool with the device proposed in this invention, the slider only serves to adjust the distance between the electric field generating device and the workpiece. Therefore, it can be replaced with a component with similar function and higher precision, and the beneficial effects of this invention can still be achieved. Therefore, the concept of this invention can be easily implemented and flexibly applied and expanded.

[0025] Therefore, the electric field generating device and the electromagnetic rheological grinding and polishing tool with the device proposed in this invention can improve processing efficiency, have high applicability, and are safe, environmentally friendly, and low in cost, thus meeting the requirements of industrial production. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Appendix Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an electric field generating device.

[0027] Appendix Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of an electric field generating device and an electromagnetic rheological grinding and polishing tool having the device.

[0028] Appendix Figure 3 This is a top view of an electric field generating device and an electromagnetic rheological grinding and polishing tool equipped with the device.

[0029] Appendix Figure 4 This is a bottom view of an electric field generating device and an electromagnetic rheological grinding and polishing tool equipped with the device.

[0030] Appendix Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the electric field generating device being energized in the processing area.

[0031] Appendix Figure 6 This is a front view of the processing area.

[0032] Appendix Figure 7 This is a top view of the processing area.

[0033] Appendix Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the processing under the action of an energy field, electric field, magnetic field, and electromagnetic coupling field.

[0034] Appendix Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of abrasive particles in the processing area under the influence of electromagnetic coupling fields.

[0035] Appendix Figure 1-9 In the middle: 1—slider, 2—lower baffle, 3—fixed shaft, 4—motor, 5—gear, 6—gear ring, 7—lower rotating ring, 8—inner bearing cover, 9—metal plate, 10—rotating ring, 11—baffle, 12—upper rotating ring, 13—upper baffle, 14—outer bearing cover, 15—bearing, 16—bearing isolation ring, 17—magnetic pole mounting plate, 18—magnetic pole, 19—carbon brush mounting plate, 20—rheology fluid, 21—workpiece, 22—carbon brush, 23—rheology fluid input device, 24—rheology fluid recovery device, 25—abrasive grains, 26—power supply. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the following description is provided in conjunction with the appendix. Figure 1-9 The present invention will be described in detail below.

[0037] This invention proposes an electric field generating device and an electromagnetic rheological grinding and polishing tool incorporating the device. The electric field generating device consists of a metal plate 9, a carbon brush mounting plate 19, a carbon brush 22, and a power supply 26. The electromagnetic rheological grinding and polishing tool consists of a slider 1, a lower baffle 2, a fixed shaft 3, a motor 4, a gear 5, a gear ring 6, a lower rotating ring 7, an inner bearing cover 8, a metal plate 9, a rotating ring 10, a baffle 11, an upper rotating ring 12, an upper baffle 13, an outer bearing cover 14, a bearing 15, a bearing isolation ring 16, a magnetic pole mounting plate 17, a magnetic pole 18, a carbon brush mounting plate 19, a rheological fluid 20, a workpiece 21, a carbon brush 22, a rheological fluid input device 23, a rheological fluid recovery device 24, abrasive particles 25, and a power supply 26.

[0038] The slider 1 is connected to the machine tool guide rail. The lower baffle 2 is fixed on the slider 1 and is connected to the baffle 11 and the upper baffle 13. The fixed shaft 3 is connected to and fixed to the lower baffle 2 and the upper baffle 13. The fixed shaft 3 is equipped with a bearing 15 and an outer bearing cover 14, and a bearing isolation ring 16 is installed between adjacent bearings 15. The motor 4 drives the gear 5, which meshes with the gear ring 6. The lower rotating ring 7 cooperates with the gear ring 6 and is connected to the inner bearing cover 8 and the rotating ring 10. The rotating ring 10 is equipped with a metal plate 9 evenly distributed around the entire ring, and the metal plate 9 is flush with the inner and outer walls of the rotating ring 10. That is, the metal plate 9 can contact the carbon brush 22 on the inner wall surface of the rotating ring 10 and contact the rheology fluid 20 on the outer wall surface of the rotating ring 10. The upper rotating ring 12 is connected to the rotating ring 10. A magnetic pole mounting plate 17 is mounted on a fixed shaft 3, and a fan-shaped magnetic pole 18 is mounted on the magnetic pole mounting plate 17. A carbon brush mounting plate 19 is connected to the magnetic pole mounting plate 17. The carbon brushes 22 are mounted on the carbon brush mounting plate 19. Only a few carbon brushes 22 are fixed near the processing area, and adjacent carbon brushes 22 are alternately connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply 26. When different metal plates 9 move with the rotating ring 10 to the vicinity of the processing area, the metal plates 9 will contact the carbon brushes 22, thus forming an alternating arrangement of positive and negative electrodes. Rheological fluid 20 containing abrasive particles 25 is supplied to the rotating ring 10 by the rheological fluid input device 23, simultaneously contacting the metal plates 9 on the rotating ring 10 and flowing with the rotating ring 10 to the outer surface of the workpiece 21, where it is recycled by the rheological fluid recovery device 24. The rheological fluid 20 is also input from one side of the workpiece 21 to fill the tube space and is collected at the outlet for reuse.

[0039] The working principle of this invention is briefly described below: During processing, the workpiece 21 is supported by two rows of guide wheels arranged on both sides of the electromagnetic rheological grinding and polishing device, and undergoes rotation and forward feeding motion. One row of guide wheels has a predetermined tilt angle and is connected by a universal joint. The power system drives this row of guide wheels to rotate, causing the workpiece 21 to rotate and move forward. The other row of guide wheels only serves a supporting function. The electromagnetic rheological grinding and polishing tool is arranged on both sides of the workpiece 21, and the gap can be adjusted by the slider 1 to accommodate workpieces of different diameters. The motor 4 drives the gear 5, which in turn drives the gear ring 6, lower rotating ring 7, rotating ring 10, and upper rotating ring 12 to rotate. The rheological fluid input device 23 delivers the rheological fluid 20 to the outer surface of the workpiece 21. After processing, the rheological fluid is recycled by the rheological fluid recovery device 24. The rheological fluid 20 is simultaneously input from one side of the workpiece 21 to fill the tube space and is collected at the outlet for recycling. Magnetic poles 18 are fixed on the magnetic pole mounting plate 17 to generate a uniform magnetic field. The metal plates 9 are evenly distributed on the rotating ring 10. Near the processing area, several carbon brushes 22 are evenly distributed and fixed on the carbon brush mounting plate 19, with adjacent carbon brushes 22 alternately connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply 26. As the rotating ring 10 rotates continuously, only a few metal plates 9 contact the carbon brushes 22 in the processing area and are energized, so as to accurately form a safe and stable electric field in the processing area. The rheological fluid 20 is composed of a base fluid, a dispersant, and abrasive grains 25 with strong magnetism, high dielectric properties, and excellent cutting properties. It has both electrorheological and magnetorheological effects. Under the action of the electromagnetic coupling field, it can strengthen the chain formed by a single magnetic field and a single electric field, forming a high-strength semi-solid chain structure, which interacts with the outer surface of the workpiece 21 to perform electromagnetic rheological composite processing on the outer surface. Since the inner surface of the workpiece 21 is shielded and has basically no electric field effect, the above-mentioned rheological fluid 20 only performs magnetorheological processing on the inner surface. As the rheology fluid 20 is continuously input, the rheology fluid 20 and abrasive particles 25 involved in the processing are constantly replaced. When they leave the processing area, the semi-solid chain structure gradually transforms back into a liquid state and is recycled for reuse.

[0040] This invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Those skilled in the art can implement this invention using various other specific embodiments based on the disclosed content of the embodiments and accompanying drawings. Therefore, any design that adopts the design structure and concept of this invention and makes some simple changes or modifications falls within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic rheological grinding and polishing tool with an electric field generating device, comprising a slider (1), a lower baffle (2), a fixed shaft (3), a motor (4), a gear (5), a gear ring (6), a lower rotating ring (7), an inner bearing cover (8), a metal plate (9), a rotating ring (10), a baffle (11), an upper rotating ring (12), an upper baffle (13), an outer bearing cover (14), a bearing (15), a bearing isolation ring (16), a magnetic pole mounting plate (17), a magnetic pole (18), a carbon brush mounting plate (19), a rheological fluid (20), a workpiece (21), a carbon brush (22), a rheological fluid input device (23), a rheological fluid recovery device (24), abrasive grains (25), and a power supply (26), characterized in that: The electromagnetic rheological grinding and polishing tool is arranged on both sides of the workpiece (21), and the gap can be adjusted by the slider (1) to adapt to the processing of pipes of different diameters; The fixed shaft (3) is connected and fixed to the lower baffle (2) and the upper baffle (13). The magnetic pole mounting plate (17) is mounted on the fixed shaft (3). The magnetic pole (18) is mounted on the magnetic pole mounting plate (17). The carbon brush mounting plate (19) is connected to the magnetic pole mounting plate (17). The motor (4) drives the gear (5) and drives the gear ring (6), the lower rotating ring (7), the rotating ring (10), and the upper rotating ring (12) to rotate. The rotating ring (10) is equipped with a ring of metal plates (9) evenly distributed around the entire ring, and the metal plates (9) are flush with the inner and outer walls of the rotating ring (10); the carbon brushes (22) are mounted on the carbon brush mounting plate (19), and only a few of the carbon brushes (22) are fixed near the processing area, and adjacent carbon brushes (22) are alternately connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply (26). When different metal plates (9) move to the vicinity of the processing area with the rotating ring (10), the metal plates (9) will contact the carbon brushes (22), thereby forming an alternately arranged positive and negative electrode; as the rotating ring (10) rotates continuously, only a few metal plates (9) will contact the carbon brushes (22) and be energized in the processing area, so as to accurately form a safe and stable electric field in the processing area; The workpiece (21) rotates and feeds during the processing. The rheological fluid (20) with the abrasive particles (25) is transported to the rotating ring (10) by the rheological fluid input device (23), and simultaneously contacts the metal plate (9) on the rotating ring (10). It flows with the rotating ring (10) to the outer surface of the workpiece (21) and is recycled by the rheological fluid recovery device (24). The rheological fluid (20) is simultaneously input from one side of the workpiece (21) to fill the tube space and is collected at the outlet for recycling.

2. The electromagnetic rheological grinding and polishing tool with an electric field generating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rheological fluid (20) is composed of a base fluid, a dispersant, and abrasive grains (25) with strong magnetism, high dielectric properties, and excellent cutting ability. It also has electrorheological and magnetorheological effects. Under the action of an electromagnetic coupling field, it can strengthen the chain formed by a single magnetic field and a single electric field, forming a high-strength semi-solid chain structure that interacts with the outer surface of the workpiece (21) to perform electromagnetic rheological composite processing on the outer surface. Since the inner surface of the workpiece (21) is shielded and there is basically no electric field effect, the rheological fluid (20) only performs magnetorheological processing on the inner surface. As the rheological fluid (20) is continuously input, the rheological fluid (20) and abrasive grains (25) participating in the processing are continuously replaced. When it leaves the processing area, the semi-solid chain structure gradually turns back to liquid and is recycled for reuse.

3. The electromagnetic rheological grinding and polishing tool with an electric field generating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic poles (18) are composed of sector-shaped permanent magnets, or electromagnets may be used.

4. The electromagnetic rheological grinding and polishing tool with an electric field generating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic rheological grinding and polishing tool adopts a split design to facilitate the replacement of carbon brushes (22) and metal plates (9).

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