Low pressure high flow hydrogen injector and internal combustion engine

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of hydrogen internal combustion engines, in particular to a low-pressure large-flow hydrogen injector and an internal combustion engine. The hydrogen injector comprises a body and a valve seat which are connected to each other and surround a containing cavity; the body is provided with an air inlet, and the valve seat is provided with an air outlet; a static iron core, an armature and a valve core are sequentially arranged in the containing cavity along the hydrogen flow direction; the armature is fixedly connected with the valve core, a compression spring is arranged in the static iron core, and the outer end of the compression spring abuts against the armature; hydrogen flow channels are arranged on the static iron core, the armature and the valve core respectively; an electromagnet can generate suction force between the static iron core and the armature when electrified, so that the valve core is disconnected from the valve seat; when de-energized, the compression spring pushes the armature away from the static iron core, so that the valve core is attached to the valve seat; the annular surfaces of the valve core and the valve seat for closing the hydrogen flow channels are both planes, and sealing rings are arranged at the annular surfaces. The hydrogen injector has good sealing effect, high flow under low pressure, and can meet the injection requirements of constant pressure, constant time and constant quantity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of hydrogen internal combustion engine technology, and in particular to a low-pressure, high-flow hydrogen injector and internal combustion engine. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen internal combustion engines have the absolute advantage of zero carbon emissions compared to other fuel internal combustion engines.

[0003] Currently, hydrogen internal combustion engines primarily employ two fuel supply methods: port injection and direct injection. Port injection pre-mixes hydrogen and air, resulting in a high-quality mixture and requiring minimal modifications to the engine cylinder head, making it easier to adapt from existing gasoline engines. However, current port injectors for hydrogen internal combustion engines are still developing, with most directly using injectors from gasoline or natural gas engines, or with slight modifications.

[0004] Due to the change in the injection medium, the existing hydrogen internal combustion engine's intake manifold injectors have problems such as low hydrogen flow and uncontrollable injection quality, which may lead to a deterioration in the quality of the air-fuel mixture, resulting in problems such as pre-ignition, knocking, and backfire in the hydrogen internal combustion engine, and affecting the life of the injectors.

[0005] In addition, hydrogen has the characteristics of low molecular weight, inability to lubricate mechanical structures, and easy hydrogen embrittlement of materials. If gasoline or diesel injectors are used directly, there will be certain problems with sealing, lubrication and reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a low-pressure, high-flow hydrogen injector and an internal combustion engine. The hydrogen injector has a good sealing effect and a high flow rate at low pressure, which can meet the requirements of constant pressure, time, and quantity injection.

[0007] In a first aspect, the low-pressure, high-flow-rate hydrogen injector provided in this application is characterized by comprising a body and a valve seat that are interconnected and enclose a receiving cavity; the body has an inlet, and the valve seat has an outlet; further comprising... Along the direction of hydrogen flow, a stationary iron core, an armature, and a valve core are sequentially arranged in the receiving cavity; the armature is fixedly connected to the valve core, a compression spring is provided inside the stationary iron core, and the outer end of the compression spring abuts against the armature; hydrogen flow channels are respectively provided on the stationary iron core, the armature, and the valve core; When energized, the electromagnet generates an attractive force between the stationary iron core and the armature, causing the valve core to disconnect from the valve seat, thereby opening the hydrogen flow channel between the inlet and the outlet; when the electromagnet is de-energized, the compression spring pushes the armature away from the stationary iron core, causing the valve core to adhere to the valve seat, thereby closing the hydrogen flow channel. Near the outlet, the annular surfaces of the valve core and the valve seat for sealing the hydrogen flow path are both flat, and a sealing ring is provided on the annular surface.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the stationary iron core is provided with a plurality of first through holes arranged along the axial direction, and the armature is provided with a plurality of second through holes corresponding one-to-one with the first through holes.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, an annular groove is provided at the lower end of the first through-hole and / or the upper end of the second through-hole; the horizontal dimension of the annular groove is sufficient to cover both the first through-hole and the second through-hole simultaneously.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the longitudinal section of the valve core is mountain-shaped; and the inner wall of the valve seat is provided with a ring-shaped platform extending towards the center. The central axis of the valve core is connected to the armature by bolts; The valve core has a third through hole on its annular sidewall; an air passage is formed between the annular sidewall of the valve core and the inner sidewall of the valve seat. The lower surface of the valve core is a plane, and the upper surface of the annular platform is a plane. The area where the lower surface of the valve core and the upper surface of the annular platform are opposite to each other forms the annular surface. When the lower surface of the valve core is separated from or attached to the upper surface of the annular platform, the flow channel between the air inlet and the air outlet is opened or closed.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the upper surface of the ring platform is provided with a receiving groove, and the sealing ring is disposed within the receiving groove; the receiving groove has a raised boss on the side facing the central axis of the valve seat; when the sealing ring is in its natural state, the upper surface of the boss is lower than the upper surface of the sealing ring; or, The lower surface of the valve core is provided with a receiving groove, and the sealing ring is disposed in the receiving groove; a boss is raised on the inner side wall of the receiving groove near the valve seat; when the sealing ring is in its natural state, the lower surface of the boss is higher than the lower surface of the sealing ring.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the upper edge of the annular sidewall of the valve core extends outward to form an eave, thereby sealing the upper end of the air passage between the annular sidewall of the valve core and the inner sidewall of the valve seat.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, an annular gasket is provided between the device body and the valve seat, the gasket separating the armature from the valve core.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the electromagnet is disposed outside the device body and surrounds the stationary iron core and the armature.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the low-pressure, high-flow hydrogen injector further includes a clamping cap, which is interference-fitted with the body to press the valve seat against the body.

[0016] Secondly, this application also provides an internal combustion engine, including any of the hydrogen injectors described in the previous application.

[0017] This application has the following beneficial effects: The hydrogen injector is installed inside the intake manifold of the hydrogen internal combustion engine, and its operating pressure is in the range of 1 bar to 20 bar, making it a low-pressure injector.

[0018] Since the annular surfaces of the valve core and valve seat that come into contact with each other to close the flow channel are both planar structures and are sealed with sealing rings, the flow area perpendicular to the axial flow channel and the axial flow channel are both increased compared to the traditional conical sealing method. The diameter of the valve seat bore is also larger, resulting in a larger flow rate. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydrogen injector provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of the stationary iron core; Figure 3 This is a top view of the stationary iron core; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the flow rate of a planar valve structure; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of region A in the middle; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the flow rate of a traditional cone valve. Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified view of region B in the middle; Numbering on the map: 1-body; 2-Stationary iron core; 201-Spring receiving cavity; 202-First through hole; 203-Annular groove; 3-Armature; 4-Valve core; 5-Valve seat; 6-Tightening cap; 7-Electromagnet; 8-Sealing ring; 9-Gasket; 10-Bolt; 11-Compression spring. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and labeled in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0022] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0023] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "sag" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0027] The following will describe some embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Without conflict, the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0028] As Figures 1-3 shown, this embodiment provides a low-pressure large-flow hydrogen injector, which includes a body 1 and a valve seat 5 that are connected to each other and enclose a receiving cavity; taking the direction in the figure as an example, the upper end of the body 1 has an air inlet, and the lower end of the valve seat 5 has an air outlet; it also includes a tight cap 6, and the tight cap 6 is connected to the body 1 by interference fit, and can press the valve seat 5 against the body 1.

[0029] It also includes: a stationary iron core 2, an armature 3 and a valve core 4 that are arranged in sequence in the receiving cavity along the hydrogen flow direction; the stationary iron core 2 is fixed to the body 1 by interference fit to form a fixed part, and the armature 3 and the valve core 4 are fixedly connected to form a moving part. A spring receiving cavity 201 is provided at the center of the stationary iron core 2, and a compression spring 11 is arranged therein, and its lower end abuts against the armature 3, and always provides a force for the armature 3 to move away from the armature 3.

[0030] In this embodiment, the armature 3 and the valve core 4 are connected by a bolt 10. In other feasible embodiments, the armature 3 and the valve core 4 can also be connected by interference fit, or the armature 3 and the valve core 4 are respectively processed with internal and external threads to achieve connection.

[0031] An annular gasket 9 is arranged between the body 1 and the valve seat 5, and the gasket 9 separates the armature 3 and the valve core 4. The body 1, the stationary iron core 2, the armature 3, the gasket 9 and the valve core 4 enclose and form the main chamber of the hydrogen injector, that is, the first chamber, and the air inlet is communicated with the first chamber; the valve core 4, the valve seat 5 and the sealing ring 8 enclose and form the second chamber, and the air outlet is communicated with the second chamber.

[0032] A plurality of first through holes 202 are arranged on the stationary iron core 2 along the axial direction, and a plurality of second through holes (not shown in the figure) corresponding to the first through holes 202 are arranged on the armature 3.

[0033] The longitudinal section of the valve core 4 is "mountain" shaped; a third through hole (not shown in the figure) is arranged on the annular side wall of the valve core 4; an axial air passage is formed between the annular side wall of the valve core 4 and the inner side wall of the valve seat 6.

[0034] The lower surface of the valve core 4 is a plane; a ring platform extending towards the center is arranged in the middle of the inner wall of the valve seat 5, the upper surface of the ring platform is a plane, and the area where the lower surface of the valve core 4 is opposite to the upper surface of the ring platform forms an annular surface, and a radial air passage is formed between the valve core 4 and the ring platform of the valve seat 5.

[0035] The inlet, first through-hole, second through-hole, third through-hole, axial air passage, radial air passage, and outlet form a complete hydrogen flow path. When the lower surface of valve core 4 is separated from or attached to the upper surface of the annular structure of valve seat 5, the flow path between the inlet and outlet opens or closes.

[0036] Electromagnet 7 is located outside the device body 1 and surrounds the stationary iron core 2 and armature 3. Electromagnet 7 is connected to an external controller via a cable. When electromagnet 7 is energized, it generates an attractive force between the stationary iron core 2 and armature 3, causing valve core 4 to disconnect from valve seat 5, thereby opening the hydrogen flow channel between the inlet and outlet. When electromagnet 7 is de-energized, the compression spring pushes armature 3 away from the stationary iron core 2, causing valve core 4 to adhere to valve seat 5, thereby closing the hydrogen flow channel.

[0037] In other embodiments, the electromagnet 7 may simply surround the stationary iron core 2 or the armature 3, so that the armature 3 can move toward the stationary iron core 2 when energized.

[0038] To improve the sealing effect between the valve core 4 and the valve seat 5, a receiving groove is provided on the upper surface of the annular platform of the valve seat 5, and a non-metallic, elastic sealing ring 8 is placed in the receiving groove; when the valve core 4 moves towards the valve seat 5, the lower surface of the valve core 4 contacts and presses against the sealing ring 8, thereby sealing the radial air passage between the valve core 4 and the annular platform of the valve seat 5.

[0039] In other embodiments, the sealing ring 8 may also be disposed on the lower surface of the valve core 4. The sealing ring 8 may be a separate component or may be integrally formed with the valve core 4 or the valve seat 5.

[0040] In use, hydrogen enters the first chamber through the inlet and flows sequentially through the first through-hole 202 of the stationary iron core 2, the second through-hole of the armature 3, the center hole of the gasket 9, and the third through-hole of the valve core 4 into the second chamber.

[0041] When the electromagnet 7 is not energized, the moving part is subjected to a downward preload force from the compression spring 11. The lower surface of the valve core 4 contacts the sealing ring 8, while the upper edge of the annular sidewall of the valve core 4 does not contact the gasket 9. The sealing ring 8 is compressed and deformed under force, and the radial air passage between the second chamber and the air outlet is sealed.

[0042] When electromagnet 7 is energized, the stationary iron core 2 and armature 3 attract each other, and armature 3 is subjected to an upward attractive force, which overcomes the pressure of spring 11 and gas pressure, causing the moving part to move upward until valve core 4 contacts gasket 9. Valve core 4 no longer contacts sealing ring 8, and the radial channel between the second chamber and the gas outlet is opened, allowing hydrogen gas to flow out from the gas outlet.

[0043] Furthermore, when hydrogen gas passes through the first chamber, during the flow from the first through-hole 202 of the stationary iron core 2 to the second through-hole of the armature 3, the first and second through-holes may misalign, hindering flow or reducing flow rate. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, an annular groove 203 is provided at the lower end of the first through-hole 202, and the horizontal dimension of the annular groove 203 can simultaneously cover both the first and second through-holes. When hydrogen gas flows through the stationary iron core 2, the hydrogen gas reaches the annular groove 203 from the first through-hole 202 and then flows into the second through-hole from the annular groove.

[0044] In other embodiments, the annular groove may also be located at the upper end of the second through-hole, with the same principle and working process.

[0045] The planar valve in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, since the lower surface of the valve core 4 is a planar structure and the upper surface of the annular structure of the valve seat 5 is also a planar structure, the maximum distance between them is d1, the flow area is S1, and the diameter of the central hole of the valve seat 5 is D1. Traditional cone valves, such as... Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the inner wall of the valve seat forms a conical surface, and the valve core also adopts a conical structure to cooperate with the valve seat. The maximum distance between the valve core and the valve seat is d2, the flow area is S2, and the diameter of the central hole of the valve seat is D2.

[0046] A comparison of the two structures reveals that, without lubrication, the cone valve requires an increased sealing ring length to extend its service life, resulting in a smaller D2 and impacting flow rate. However, the combination of a flat valve and a soft seal used in this application allows for a much shorter sealing ring length, thus D1 > D2. Furthermore, considering the lateral flow area, for the same lift, the cone valve has an angle, resulting in d2 < d1, which in turn leads to S2 < S1.

[0047] The combination of these two features results in a larger flow area in both the perpendicular and axial flow channels compared to existing cone valve designs, thus leading to a greater flow rate.

[0048] One hydrogen injection action is performed from the moment electromagnet 7 is energized to the moment it is de-energized. According to the requirements of a hydrogen internal combustion engine, the hydrogen injector needs to perform multiple injections per second. If calculated using a four-stroke, four-cylinder internal combustion engine at 3000 rpm, the hydrogen injector needs to inject approximately 25 times per second. Furthermore, the mating surfaces of the valve core 4 and valve seat 5, and the armature 3 and body 1, in this hydrogen injector are not lubricated with oil or grease.

[0049] Therefore, in response to harsh operating conditions, the hydrogen injector in this embodiment has been further improved with the following design improvements: Because the stationary iron core 2 and armature 3 are made of electromagnetic pure iron with low hardness, their collision will cause significant deformation in the absence of lubricating oil or grease to form an oil film separating them. This makes the movement distance of the moving parts uncontrollable and the electromagnetic force uncontrollable, thus affecting the consistency and accuracy of the hydrogen injector's injection. Therefore, the valve core 4, valve seat 5, and gasket 9 are all made of heat-treated high-hardness iron alloys that can withstand high-frequency friction and impact. Furthermore, the materials selected have resistance to hydrogen embrittlement under the operating conditions of the hydrogen injector. Materials can include: tempered bearing steel, high-speed steel, solution-aged martensitic stainless steel, and precipitation-hardening stainless steel after solution aging and quenching and tempering. At low temperatures (below 100 degrees Celsius), even at high frequencies, the hydrogen embrittlement phenomenon of the above materials is not significant. The operating environment of the intake injector is typically <90 degrees Celsius, mainly between 40 and 50 degrees Celsius; therefore, the above materials have resistance to hydrogen embrittlement.

[0050] When the electromagnet is energized, the shim 9 restricts the upward movement of the valve core 4 of the moving part, ensuring that the armature 3 of the moving part and the stationary iron core 2 of the fixed part will not come into contact. The distance maintained can both meet the electromagnetic force requirement of the moving part and ensure that the armature 3 and the stationary iron core 2 will not come into contact after the valve core 4 and the shim 9 undergo a certain deformation after multiple impacts.

[0051] Similarly, if the lubricating oil or grease forms an oil film separating the two, direct collision between the valve core 4 and valve seat 5 will cause plastic deformation, leading to sealing failure and affecting the sealing performance of the hydrogen injector. Therefore, the sealing ring 8 is made of elastic and wear-resistant non-metallic materials such as rubber or plastic. This sealing ring has a buffering effect and seals through the elastic deformation characteristics of non-metallic materials, preventing sealing failure. The sealing ring 8, valve core 4, and valve seat 5 are in surface contact, with the contact surface being a ring, which increases the contact area and reduces internal material stress.

[0052] However, the large deformation of non-metallic materials under stress can lead to uncontrollable deformation and stress, and excessive deformation or stress can cause the non-metallic material to be destroyed. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, a boss is formed on the side of the receiving groove facing the central axis of the valve seat 5; when the sealing ring 8 is in its natural state, the boss is lower than the upper surface of the sealing ring 8, and the height difference is preferably 0.1mm to 0.5mm. When the valve core 4 squeezes the sealing ring 8 and deforms it, the boss will contact the valve core 4, limiting the maximum deformation of the sealing ring 8, thereby limiting the maximum stress on the sealing ring 8 and preventing the sealing ring 8 from failing due to excessive stress or deformation. At the same time, since the sealing ring 8 has a buffering effect, the boss is subjected to a smaller force, and the plastic deformation over long-term use is also smaller, which can ensure the consistency of the hydrogen injector throughout its life cycle.

[0053] Similarly, if the sealing ring 8 is located on the lower surface of the valve core 4, the boss is also located on the lower surface of the valve core 4, achieving the same technical effect as in the aforementioned embodiments. Alternatively, the boss and the sealing ring 8 can be manufactured as an integral structure, making installation and use more convenient.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment, the upper edge of the annular sidewall of the valve core 4 extends outward to form a protruding eave, thereby sealing the upper end of the air passage between the annular sidewall of the valve core 4 and the inner sidewall of the valve seat 5. This can prevent the gas in the second chamber from flowing back into the first chamber, and can increase the contact area between the valve core 4 and the gasket 9, thus dispersing the impact force.

[0055] This embodiment has the advantage of high flow rate: Using a flat valve core 4 and valve seat 5 increases the flow area at the valve core 4 and valve seat 5 compared to a conical sealing method, thereby increasing the flow rate. An annular groove 203 is opened at the lower part of the stationary iron core 2 to make the flow channel smoother. This avoids the throttling phenomenon caused by the misalignment of the through-hole at the stationary iron core 2 and the through-hole at the armature 3, thus ensuring a large flow rate. This embodiment has the advantage of high reliability: By using shims 9 to limit the movement of the moving part, the collision between the low-hardness armature 3 and the stationary iron core 2 is avoided, thus preventing damage to key components, improving the controllability of electromagnetic force, and thereby improving reliability. A non-metallic sealing ring 8 is added between the valve core 4 and the valve seat 5 to prevent the valve core 4 and the valve seat 5 from colliding and causing plastic deformation, thereby improving the reliability of the seal. The valve core 4 and valve seat 5 use surface sealing to increase the contact area and reduce the stress on the material. At the same time, by limiting the deformation of the sealing ring 8, the failure of the sealing ring 8 is prevented.

[0056] This embodiment also has the advantage of good sealing performance: A non-metallic sealing ring 8 is added between the valve core 4 and the valve seat 5 to change the hard seal into a soft seal, thereby reducing leakage caused by the lack of oil film in the hard seal of the hydrogen injector in the hydrogen environment and reducing leakage caused by damage due to lack of lubrication of the metal.

[0057] This embodiment also provides an internal combustion engine, including the aforementioned hydrogen injector. Because it employs the aforementioned hydrogen injector, it possesses all of its technical advantages, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0058] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-pressure, high-flow-rate hydrogen injector, characterized in that, It is installed in the intake manifold of a hydrogen internal combustion engine, with an operating pressure ranging from 1 bar to 20 bar; it includes an interconnected body and a valve seat that form a receiving cavity; the body has an intake port, and the valve seat has an outlet port; it also... include, Along the hydrogen flow direction, a stationary iron core, an armature, and a valve core are sequentially arranged within the receiving cavity; the armature is fixedly connected to the valve core, and a compression spring is provided inside the stationary iron core, with the outer end of the compression spring abutting against the armature; the stationary iron core is provided with a plurality of first through-holes arranged along the axial direction, and the armature is provided with a plurality of second through-holes corresponding one-to-one with the first through-holes; hydrogen flow channels are respectively provided on the stationary iron core, the armature, and the valve core; The valve core has a "mountain" shaped longitudinal section; the valve seat has an annular platform extending towards the center in the middle of its inner wall; the central axis of the valve core is fixedly connected to the armature; the valve core has a third through hole in its annular sidewall; and an axial air passage is formed between the annular sidewall of the valve core and the inner sidewall of the valve seat. An annular gasket is provided between the device body and the valve seat, and the gasket separates the armature from the valve core; The lower surface of the valve core is a plane, and the upper surface of the annular platform is a plane. The area where the lower surface of the valve core and the upper surface of the annular platform are opposite to each other forms the annular surface. A radial air passage is formed between the valve core and the annular platform of the valve seat. A sealing ring is provided at the annular surface. The air inlet, the first through-hole, the second through-hole, the third through-hole, the axial air passage, the radial air passage, and the air outlet together form a complete hydrogen flow channel; when the lower surface of the valve core is separated from or attached to the upper surface of the annular platform, the flow channel between the air inlet and the air outlet is opened or closed. When energized, the electromagnet generates an attractive force between the stationary iron core and the armature, causing the valve core to disconnect from the valve seat and thus opening the hydrogen flow passage. When de-energized, the compression spring pushes the armature away from the stationary iron core, causing the valve core to adhere to the valve seat and thus closing the hydrogen flow passage.

2. The low-pressure, high-flow-rate hydrogen injector according to claim 1, characterized in that, An annular groove is provided at the lower end of the first through-hole and / or the upper end of the second through-hole; the horizontal dimension of the annular groove is sufficient to cover both the first through-hole and the second through-hole simultaneously.

3. The low-pressure, high-flow-rate hydrogen injector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper surface of the ring platform is provided with a receiving groove, and the sealing ring is disposed in the receiving groove; the receiving groove protrudes to form a boss on the side facing the central axis of the valve seat; when the sealing ring is in its natural state, the upper surface of the boss is lower than the upper surface of the sealing ring. or, The lower surface of the valve core is provided with a receiving groove, and the sealing ring is disposed in the receiving groove; a boss is raised on the inner side wall of the receiving groove near the valve seat; when the sealing ring is in its natural state, the lower surface of the boss is higher than the lower surface of the sealing ring.

4. The low-pressure, high-flow-rate hydrogen injector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper edge of the annular sidewall of the valve core extends outward to form a convex edge, thereby sealing the upper end of the air passage between the annular sidewall of the valve core and the inner sidewall of the valve seat.

5. The low-pressure, high-flow-rate hydrogen injector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnet is disposed outside the device body and surrounds the stationary iron core and the armature.

6. The low-pressure, high-flow-rate hydrogen injector according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a tightening cap, which is interference-fitted to the body of the device to press the valve seat against the body of the device.

7. An internal combustion engine, characterized in that, Includes the hydrogen injector as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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