Energy storage system

Abstract

This invention provides an energy storage system, comprising: a first energy storage unit, including a power module 1, a filter module 1, a control box 1, and multiple battery modules 1; the control box 1 is located below the multiple battery modules 1, and the filter module 1 and the power module 1 are arranged side by side and both located below the control box 1; a second energy storage unit, arranged opposite to the first energy storage unit, including a power module 2 and multiple battery modules 2 electrically connected to the power module 2; and a third energy storage unit, located on one side of the first and second energy storage units, including a power module 3 and multiple battery modules 3 electrically connected to the power module 3; wherein the power module 1, power module 2, and power module 3 are cascaded and connected to the power grid. The technical solution of this application solves the problems of low space utilization efficiency and low maintenance efficiency in the layout of energy storage systems in related technologies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy storage technology, and more specifically, to an energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of high-voltage cascaded energy storage technology, traditional energy storage system designs often follow a relatively simple layout logic. The energy storage units (battery clusters) and power conversion systems (including energy storage converters PCS, filter modules, etc.) are usually designed in different physical spaces or arranged in a distributed manner. The control box (such as the high-voltage box of the battery cluster) is often located at the top of the energy storage system to facilitate the lead-out and connection of cables.

[0003] In energy storage systems of related technologies, the layout of energy storage units (battery clusters) and power conversion systems (including energy storage converters, filter modules, etc.) often lacks optimization. The long connection lines between energy storage units and control boxes and power modules not only occupy additional space but also increase the complexity and cost of energy storage system installation. The high-position design of power modules and filter modules makes routine maintenance and fault diagnosis difficult, requiring high-altitude work and increasing maintenance time and costs. Furthermore, the relatively inaccessible location of control boxes (such as the high-voltage box of the battery cluster) also affects real-time monitoring and maintenance of the system status, reducing the maintenance efficiency of the energy storage system.

[0004] Therefore, the layout of energy storage systems in related technologies suffers from low space utilization efficiency and low maintenance efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide an energy storage system that addresses the problems of low space utilization efficiency and low maintenance efficiency in the layout of energy storage systems in related technologies.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an energy storage system, comprising: a first energy storage unit, including a power module 1, a filter module 1, a control box 1, and multiple battery modules 1, wherein the control box 1 is electrically connected to the multiple battery modules 1, and the power module 1 is electrically connected to the control box 1 via the filter module 1; the control box 1 is located below the multiple battery modules 1, and the filter module 1 and the power module 1 are arranged side by side and both located below the control box 1; a second energy storage unit, disposed opposite to the first energy storage unit, comprising a power module 2 and multiple battery modules 2 electrically connected to the power module 2; and a third energy storage unit, disposed on one side of the first and second energy storage units, comprising a power module 3 and multiple battery modules 3 electrically connected to the power module 3; wherein the power module 1, power module 2, and power module 3 are cascaded and connected to the power grid.

[0007] Furthermore, multiple battery modules form battery cluster 1 and battery cluster 2, which are spaced apart horizontally. Both battery cluster 1 and battery cluster 2 include multiple battery modules 1 arranged vertically. There are two control boxes. The first control box 1 is located below battery cluster 1 and is electrically connected to the multiple battery modules 1 in battery cluster 1. The second control box 1 is located below battery cluster 2 and is electrically connected to the multiple battery modules 1 in battery cluster 2. The filter module 1 and the power module 1 are both located below the first control box 1.

[0008] Furthermore, there are multiple first energy storage units, and multiple battery clusters one and multiple battery clusters two of the multiple first energy storage units are arranged alternately.

[0009] Furthermore, multiple battery modules 3 form battery cluster 3 and battery cluster 4. Battery cluster 3 and battery cluster 4 are spaced apart along the direction from the first energy storage unit to the second energy storage unit. Both battery cluster 3 and battery cluster 4 include multiple battery modules 3 arranged vertically at intervals. The third energy storage unit also includes a filter module 2 and two control boxes 2. The first control box 2 is located below battery cluster 3 and is electrically connected to multiple battery modules 3 in battery cluster 3. The second control box 2 is located below battery cluster 4 and is electrically connected to multiple battery modules 3 in battery cluster 4. Power module 3 is electrically connected to control box 2 via filter module 2. Filter module 2 and power module 3 are arranged side by side and are both located below the first control box 2. Battery cluster 3 and battery cluster 2 are arranged adjacent to each other.

[0010] Furthermore, the positive and negative battery interfaces of the two control boxes are connected in parallel to the positive and negative battery interfaces of the filter module, and the positive and negative battery interfaces of each control box are connected to the positive and negative battery interfaces of the filter module through a first cable; the positive and negative interfaces of the power module are connected in series with the positive and negative interfaces of the filter module through a first copper busbar; and / or, the positive and negative interfaces of the power module are connected in series with the positive and negative interfaces of the power module 2 through a second cable.

[0011] Furthermore, the energy storage system also includes a second copper busbar, a third copper busbar, a primary cable input terminal of the battery compartment, and a cable termination. The primary cable input terminal of the battery compartment is connected to the second copper busbar via the cable termination. The second copper busbar is connected to the negative output interface of the power module of the first energy storage unit. The first end of the third copper busbar is connected to the positive output interface of the power module of the first energy storage unit, and the second end of the third copper busbar is connected to the negative output interface of the power module of the second energy storage unit.

[0012] Furthermore, the second copper busbar includes interconnected first, second, and third segments. The first segment is connected to a cable termination head, the third segment is connected to the negative output interface of the power module of the first energy storage unit, and the second segment is connected between the first and third segments. The first and third segments are arranged in parallel. And / or, the third copper busbar includes interconnected fourth and fifth segments. The fourth segment is connected to the positive output interface of the power module of the first energy storage unit, and the fifth segment is connected to the negative output interface of the power module of the second energy storage unit. The fourth and fifth segments are arranged in parallel and connected by a conductive plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the energy storage system also includes a first support, a second support, and a third support. The first support has multiple first placement shelves for placing multiple battery modules one, the second support has multiple second placement shelves for placing multiple battery modules two, and the third support has multiple third placement shelves for placing multiple battery modules three. In the same horizontal plane, the first placement shelves, the second placement shelves, and the third placement shelves are arranged flush.

[0014] Furthermore, the first support includes a first frame and a second frame. The first frame includes multiple first placement shelves for placing battery cluster 1. The first frame is provided with a first placement position for placing control box 1, a second placement position for placing power module 1, and a third placement position for placing filter module 1. The second placement position and the third placement position are flush with each other and are both located below the first placement position. The second frame includes multiple first placement shelves for placing battery cluster 2. The second frame is provided with a fourth placement position for placing control box 1. The second placement position and the fourth placement position are flush with each other. In the same horizontal plane, the first placement shelves in the first frame and the first placement shelves in the second frame are flush with each other.

[0015] Furthermore, the energy storage system also includes a first liquid-cooled radiator and a second liquid-cooled radiator. Multiple battery modules are connected in series via the first liquid-cooled pipeline, multiple battery modules are connected in series via the second liquid-cooled pipeline, and multiple battery modules are connected in series via the third liquid-cooled pipeline. The first, second, and third liquid-cooled pipelines are connected in parallel to the first liquid-cooled radiator. Power module 1 is connected to the second liquid-cooled radiator via the fourth liquid-cooled pipeline, power module 2 is connected to the second liquid-cooled radiator via the fifth liquid-cooled pipeline, and power module 3 is connected to the second liquid-cooled radiator via the sixth liquid-cooled pipeline. The fourth, fifth, and sixth liquid-cooled pipelines are connected in parallel to the second liquid-cooled radiator.

[0016] According to the technical solution of this invention, the energy storage system includes a first energy storage unit, a second energy storage unit, and a third energy storage unit. The first energy storage unit includes a power module 1, a filter module 1, a control box 1, and multiple battery modules 1. The control box 1 is electrically connected to the multiple battery modules 1, and the power module 1 is electrically connected to the control box 1 via the filter module 1. The control box 1 is located below the multiple battery modules 1, and the filter module 1 and the power module 1 are arranged side-by-side and both located below the control box 1. The second energy storage unit is arranged opposite to the first energy storage unit, and includes a power module 2 and multiple battery modules 2 electrically connected to the power module 2. The third energy storage unit is located on one side of the first and second energy storage units, and includes a power module 3 and multiple battery modules 3 electrically connected to the power module 3. The power modules 1, 2, and 3 are cascaded and connected to the power grid. Thus, by arranging the second and first energy storage units opposite to each other, and using a vertically layered design for the power module 1, filter module 1, and control box 1, the integration and modularity of the energy storage system are significantly improved, enhancing space utilization efficiency. By placing the control box one below the battery module one, and placing the power module one and the filter module one side-by-side below the control box one, the length of the connecting lines between modules is effectively reduced, thus lowering energy consumption and costs. Secondly, the modular layout facilitates maintenance and upgrades. The function of each module is clearly defined, and if a module malfunctions, it can be quickly located and replaced without large-scale and complex disassembly and wiring operations, improving maintenance efficiency. Furthermore, the above arrangement facilitates the maintenance of the control box one, power module one, and filter module one, avoiding the need for climbing for maintenance and improving maintenance efficiency. Moreover, the cascaded design of power module one, power module two, and power module three can flexibly adapt to the needs of different grid sizes, achieving efficient energy utilization and management. Therefore, the technical solution of this application effectively solves the problems of low space utilization efficiency and low maintenance efficiency in the layout of energy storage systems in related technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the energy storage system according to the present invention is shown;

[0019] Figure 2 It shows Figure 1 A top-view diagram of an energy storage system;

[0020] Figure 3 Out Figure 1A front view of the first and third energy storage units of the energy storage system;

[0021] Figure 4 Out Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the connection between power module one and filter module one of the energy storage system;

[0022] Figure 5 Out Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the first energy storage unit of the energy storage system.

[0023] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0024] 10. First energy storage unit; 11. Power module one; 12. Filter module one; 13. Control box one; 14. Battery cluster one; 15. Battery cluster two; 16. Battery module one;

[0025] 20. Second energy storage unit; 22. Battery module two;

[0026] 30. Third energy storage unit; 31. Power module three; 32. Filter module two; 33. Control box two; 34. Battery cluster three; 36. Battery module three;

[0027] 40. Second copper section; 41. First section; 42. Second section; 43. Third section;

[0028] 50. Third copper busbar; 51. Fourth section; 52. Fifth section; 53. Conductive plate;

[0029] 61. Battery compartment primary cable input terminal; 62. Cable termination head; 63. Battery compartment primary cable output terminal;

[0030] 71. First support; 711. First frame; 712. Second frame; 713. First shelf;

[0031] 72. Second support;

[0032] 73. Third support; 731. Third shelf;

[0033] 81. First liquid-cooled radiator; 82. Second liquid-cooled radiator; 821. Fourth liquid-cooled piping; 822. Sixth liquid-cooled piping;

[0034] 91. BMS control cabinet; 92. Fire-fighting equipment; 93. Fan; 94. Battery compartment drain hole; 95. Fiber optic splice box. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0037] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0038] In this embodiment, the energy storage system includes a first energy storage unit 10, a second energy storage unit 20, and a third energy storage unit 30. The first energy storage unit 10 includes a power module 11, a filter module 12, a control box 13, and multiple battery modules 16. The control box 13 is electrically connected to the multiple battery modules 16, and the power module 11 is electrically connected to the control box 13 via the filter module 12. The control box 13 is located below the multiple battery modules 16, and the filter module 12 and the power module 11 are arranged side-by-side and both located below the control box 13. The second energy storage unit 20 is arranged opposite to the first energy storage unit 10, and includes a power module 2 and multiple battery modules 22 electrically connected to the power module 2. The third energy storage unit 30 is located on one side of the first energy storage unit 10 and the second energy storage unit 20, and includes a power module 31 and multiple battery modules 36 electrically connected to the power module 31. Among them, power module 11, power module 2 and power module 31 are cascaded and connected to the power grid.

[0039] By arranging the second energy storage unit 20 and the first energy storage unit 10 back-to-back, and by vertically layering the power module 11, filter module 12, and control box 13, the integration and modularity of the energy storage system are significantly improved, enhancing space utilization efficiency. By placing the control box 13 below the battery module 16, and placing the power module 11 and filter module 12 side-by-side below the control box 13, the length of the connecting lines between modules is effectively reduced, lowering energy consumption and cost. Secondly, the modular layout facilitates maintenance and upgrades. The function of each module is clearly defined, allowing for rapid location and replacement of any malfunctioning module without large-scale, complex disassembly and wiring operations, thus improving maintenance efficiency. Furthermore, the above arrangement facilitates maintenance of the control box 13, power module 11, and filter module 12, avoiding the need for climbing for maintenance and improving maintenance efficiency. Moreover, the cascaded design of power module 11, power module 2, and power module 31 can flexibly adapt to the needs of different grid sizes, achieving efficient energy utilization and management. Therefore, the technical solution of this application effectively solves the problems of low space utilization efficiency and low maintenance efficiency in the layout of energy storage systems in related technologies. Furthermore, the inclusion of filter module 12 increases the smoothness and stability of the DC output.

[0040] In this embodiment, the positive and negative output interfaces of power module 11, power module 2, and power module 31 are cascaded. Each of power module 11, power module 2, and power module 31 is equipped with an AC contactor. When a power module fails, a bypass connection is established, allowing the faulty power module to be removed from the energy storage system. This achieves redundancy in the entire system, ensuring continued stable operation of the energy storage system. The communication optical fibers of power module 11, power module 2, and power module 31 are connected to the cascaded energy storage control cabinet via a fiber optic fusion splice box 95.

[0041] In this embodiment, battery module one, battery module two, and battery module three are all nickel-metal hydride batteries. Alternatively, in other embodiments, battery module one, battery module two, and battery module three are all lithium iron phosphate batteries.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, multiple battery modules 16 form battery cluster 14 and battery cluster 2 15, which are horizontally spaced apart. Both battery cluster 14 and battery cluster 2 15 include multiple battery modules 16 arranged vertically. There are two control boxes 13. The first control box 13 is located below battery cluster 14 and electrically connected to the multiple battery modules 16 within it. The second control box 13 is located below battery cluster 2 15 and electrically connected to the multiple battery modules 16 within it. A filter module 12 and a power module 11 are both located below the first control box 13. By dividing the multiple battery modules 16 into battery cluster 14 and battery cluster 2 15, and placing corresponding control boxes 13 below each cluster, while the filter module 12 and power module 11 are closely arranged side-by-side, the spatial layout is further optimized, facilitating wiring and maintenance operations and improving maintenance efficiency. By horizontally spacing battery cluster 14 and battery cluster 2 15, good ventilation between them is ensured, preventing heat buildup and improving the safety and operational efficiency of the energy storage system. Furthermore, by forming two horizontally spaced battery clusters 14 and 15 from multiple battery modules 16, and equipping each cluster with an independent control box 13, more accurate and secure electrical connections and monitoring within the battery clusters are ensured. This design, with two control boxes 13 corresponding to two battery clusters, reduces the load and physical height of a single control box, improving the control system's response speed, reliability, and ease of maintenance. On the other hand, the side-by-side arrangement of the filter module 12 and power module 11 optimizes the signal transmission path, reducing signal attenuation and interference, further improving the overall power quality of the energy storage system. In addition, the layout of the control boxes below the battery clusters and below the filter and power modules makes system maintenance and upgrades more convenient, reducing maintenance costs and downtime. Figures 1 to 5 As shown, there are multiple first energy storage units 10, with multiple battery clusters 14 and 15 of each first energy storage unit 10 arranged alternately. This not only optimizes the overall spatial layout of the energy storage system but also improves the energy conversion efficiency and the reliability of the energy storage system. The alternating arrangement of battery clusters 14 and 15 allows the filter modules 12 and power modules 11 of the multiple first energy storage units 10 to be arranged in a regular pattern, facilitating wiring operations for the filter modules 12 and power modules 11 during installation, reducing the probability of wiring errors, and improving installation and maintenance efficiency. Furthermore, the alternating arrangement of battery clusters 14 and 15 also allows the filter modules 12 and power modules 11 of the multiple first energy storage units 10 to be alternately arranged with the empty spaces below the second battery clusters, thereby facilitating heat dissipation for the filter modules 12 and power modules 11.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, multiple battery modules 36 form battery clusters 34 and 4. Battery clusters 34 and 4 are spaced apart along the direction from the first energy storage unit 10 to the second energy storage unit 20. Both battery clusters 34 and 4 include multiple battery modules 36 spaced apart vertically. The third energy storage unit 30 also includes a filter module 2 32 and two control boxes 2 33. The first control box 2 33 is located below battery cluster 34 and electrically connected to the multiple battery modules 36 in battery cluster 34. The second control box 2 33 is located below battery cluster 4 and electrically connected to the multiple battery modules 36 in battery cluster 4. Power module 31 is electrically connected to control box 2 33 via filter module 2 32. Filter module 2 32 and power module 31 are arranged side by side and both are located below the first control box 2 33. Battery cluster 34 and battery cluster 2 15 are arranged adjacent to each other. The above configuration allows the first energy storage unit 10 to connect to the second energy storage unit 20 via the third energy storage unit 30. Furthermore, the spacing between battery clusters 34 and 4 along the direction from the first energy storage unit 10 to the second energy storage unit 20 simplifies the wiring between them, reduces the wiring length, facilitates maintenance, and improves maintenance efficiency. By setting up battery clusters 34 and 4 and introducing filter module 2 32 and control box 2 33, the stability and response speed of the third energy storage unit 30 are enhanced. The adjacent arrangement of battery clusters 34 and 2 15 not only promotes effective heat distribution but also improves the overall energy efficiency of the system and reduces energy loss. The parallel arrangement of filter module 2 32 and power module 3 31, and their tight electrical connection with control box 2 33, ensures high-quality power output while simplifying system maintenance procedures, improving on-site operability, and enhancing maintenance efficiency.

[0044] In this embodiment, multiple battery modules 22 form battery cluster 5 and battery cluster 6. Battery cluster 5 and battery cluster 6 are spaced apart along the direction from the first battery cluster to the second battery cluster. Both battery cluster 5 and battery cluster 6 include multiple battery modules 22 arranged vertically at intervals. The arrangement of the second energy storage unit 20 is the same as that of the first energy storage unit 10. Multiple first battery clusters, multiple second battery clusters, multiple third battery clusters, multiple fourth battery clusters, multiple fifth battery clusters, and multiple sixth battery clusters are not connected to the power grid simultaneously. This design takes into account system redundancy, and can maintain high energy conversion efficiency and system stability even in the event of failure of some energy storage units or modules. In this embodiment, both filter module 12 and filter module 22 are provided with fans 93 for heat dissipation on their side walls.

[0045] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the positive and negative battery terminals of the two control boxes 13 are connected in parallel to the positive and negative battery terminals of the filter module 12. Each control box 13's battery terminals are connected to the filter module 12's battery terminals via a first cable. This optimized electrical connection ensures reliable system operation even under extreme conditions. Connecting the two control boxes 13 in parallel to the filter module 12 simplifies the circuitry and improves system redundancy. Even if one control box 13 fails, the system can continue operating, avoiding the risk of a complete system shutdown. The cable connection reduces electrical interference between the control boxes 13 and the filter module 12, facilitating wiring and providing high flexibility. The positive and negative terminals of the power module 11 are connected in series with the filter module 12's positive and negative terminals via a first copper busbar. The positive and negative terminals of the power module 31 are connected in series with the power module 2's positive and negative terminals via a second cable. The series connection of power module 11 and filter module 12 effectively controls current fluctuations, improves energy conversion efficiency and stability, and helps the system maintain stability under high load conditions. The copper busbar connection reduces resistance loss when high current flows between power module 11 and filter module 12, improving the system's energy conversion efficiency. The use of a second cable to connect power module 31 and power module 2 allows for a longer distance between them, facilitating connection flexibility, simplifying wiring, and improving maintenance efficiency.

[0046] In this embodiment, both the first cable and the second cable are preferably silicone rubber cables. The silicone rubber cables can be fixed to the insulating beam of the bracket to ensure the insulation level. The positive terminal of the control box 13 is connected to the positive terminal of the filter module 12 via the first cable, and the negative terminal of the control box 13 is connected to the negative terminal of the filter module 12 via the first cable.

[0047] In other embodiments, the positive and negative battery terminals of the two control boxes 13 are connected in parallel to the positive and negative battery terminals of the filter module 12, and the positive and negative battery terminals of each control box 13 are connected to the positive and negative battery terminals of the filter module 12 via a first cable. The positive and negative terminals of the power module 11 are connected in series with the positive and negative terminals of the filter module 12 via a first copper busbar. Alternatively, the positive and negative terminals of the power module 31 are connected in series with the positive and negative terminals of the power module 2 via a second cable.

[0048] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the energy storage system also includes a second copper busbar 40, a third copper busbar 50, a primary cable input terminal 61 in the battery compartment, and a cable termination 62. The primary cable input terminal 61 in the battery compartment is connected to the second copper busbar 40 via the cable termination 62. The second copper busbar 40 is connected to the negative output interface of the power module-11 of the first energy storage unit 10. The first end of the third copper busbar 50 is connected to the positive output interface of the power module-11 of the first energy storage unit 10, and the second end of the third copper busbar 50 is connected to the negative output interface of the power module-11 of the second energy storage unit 10. The introduction of the second copper busbar 40, the third copper busbar 50, the primary cable input terminal 61 in the battery compartment, and the cable termination 62 achieves a more efficient electrical cascading connection and enhances system compatibility. This design allows for a smooth transition between different energy storage units. The use of the second copper busbar 40 and the third copper busbar 50 ensures uniform current distribution during the cascading process, avoids local overload, and improves the overall stability and safety of the system. By introducing the second copper busbar 40 and the third copper busbar 50, along with the cable termination 62, flexible cascading and efficient grid connection between multiple first energy storage units 10 are achieved. The combination of the second copper busbar 40 and the cable termination 62 ensures a stable electrical connection between the primary input terminal of the battery compartment and the output terminal of the power module 11, reducing voltage drop and energy loss. In this embodiment, the energy storage system also includes a primary cable input terminal 61 in the battery compartment, and the third energy storage unit 30 outputs through the primary cable output terminal 63 in the battery compartment.

[0049] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the second copper busbar 40 includes interconnected first section 41, second section 42, and third section 43. First section 41 is connected to cable termination 62. Third section 43 is connected to the negative output interface of the power module 11 of the first energy storage unit 10. Second section 42 connects to first section 41 and third section 43, which are arranged parallel to each other. The segmented design of the second copper busbar 40 optimizes the electrical connection and maintenance process of the energy storage system. The direct connection between first section 41 and cable termination 62 simplifies the interface between the first energy storage unit 10 and the external power grid, enhancing the electrical compatibility of the energy storage system. The arrangement of first section 41, second section 42, and third section 43 allows the two ends of the second copper busbar 40 to be at different heights, making connection operations simpler and more convenient, and facilitating maintenance. The third copper busbar 50 includes a fourth section 51 and a fifth section 52 that are interconnected. The fourth section 51 is connected to the positive output interface of the power module 11 of the first energy storage unit 10, and the fifth section 52 is connected to the negative output interface of the power module 11 of the second energy storage unit 10. The fourth section 51 and the fifth section 52 are arranged in parallel and connected by a conductive plate 53. The connection of the fourth section 51 and the fifth section 52 by the conductive plate 53 not only ensures the electrical continuity of the copper busbar but also improves the reliability of the connection, reduces the steps required for disassembly and reassembly, lowers maintenance costs and time, and improves maintenance efficiency. The parallel arrangement of the fourth section 51 and the fifth section 52 further improves the stability and safety of the system, especially its adaptability in complex power grid environments. The special design of the third copper busbar 50, namely, through the interconnection of the fourth section 51 and the fifth section 52, realizes the electrical cascading between adjacent first energy storage units 10 while maintaining electrical isolation, preventing short-circuit risks, and improving the overall safety and operating efficiency of the system. Using conductive plate 53 to connect the fourth row 51 and the fifth row 52 reduces the processing difficulty of the third copper busbar 50 and allows for adjustment of the distance between the two ends of the third copper busbar 50 as needed, making it more flexible to use and easier to maintain.

[0050] In this embodiment, the energy storage system is connected to the first energy storage unit 10 via the primary cable input terminal 61 of the battery compartment, through a 35kV three-core cold-shrink indoor cable terminal 62, and cascaded to the first row of sections 41. It is then connected to the output negative terminal of the power module 11 of the first energy storage unit 10 via the second row of sections 42 and the third row of sections 43. A battery compartment drainage hole 94 is also provided inside the battery compartment.

[0051] In other embodiments, the second copper busbar 40 includes a first section 41, a second section 42, and a third section 43 connected to each other. The first section 41 is connected to the cable termination head 62, the third section 43 is connected to the negative output interface of the power module 11 of the first energy storage unit 10, and the second section 42 is connected between the first section 41 and the third section 43. The first section 41 and the third section 43 are arranged in parallel. Alternatively, the third copper busbar 50 includes a fourth section 51 and a fifth section 52 connected to each other. The fourth section 51 is connected to the positive output interface of the power module 11 of the first energy storage unit 10, and the fifth section 52 is connected to the negative output interface of the power module 11 of the second energy storage unit 10. The fourth section 51 and the fifth section 52 are arranged in parallel and connected by a conductive plate 53.

[0052] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the energy storage system also includes a first support 71, a second support 72, and a third support 73. The first support 71 has multiple first placement shelves 713 for placing multiple battery modules 16, the second support 72 has multiple second placement shelves for placing multiple battery modules 22, and the third support 73 has multiple third placement shelves 731 for placing multiple battery modules 36. Within the same horizontal plane, the first placement shelves 713, second placement shelves, and third placement shelves 731 are arranged flush. By designing the first support 71, second support 72, and third support 73, the layout of the multiple battery modules 16, multiple battery modules 22, and multiple battery modules 36 is optimized, improving the wiring layout of the system and enhancing maintenance convenience. The flush placement shelves ensure uniform wiring between battery modules, facilitating connections, reducing the possibility of wiring errors, and also ensuring uniform heat distribution, extending service life. In this embodiment, a grid layout design is adopted. Through the regular arrangement of the internal space, the connection lines between modules are reduced, enhancing the overall compactness of the energy storage system.

[0053] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the first support 71 includes a first frame 711 and a second frame 712. The first frame 711 includes multiple first placement shelves 713 for placing battery clusters 14. The first frame 711 is provided with a first placement position for placing a control box 13, a second placement position for placing a power module 11, and a third placement position for placing a filter module 12. The second and third placement positions are flush with each other and are both located below the first placement positions. The second frame 712 includes multiple first placement shelves 713 for placing battery clusters 15. The second frame 712 is provided with a fourth placement position for placing the control box 13. The second and fourth placement positions are flush with each other. Within the same horizontal plane, the first placement shelves 713 in the first frame 711 and the first placement shelves 713 in the second frame 712 are flush with each other. The dual-frame design of the first frame 711 and the second frame 712 achieves effective integration and layout optimization of battery cluster 14, battery cluster 25, control box 13, power module 11, and filter module 12. Multiple battery modules 16 in the first battery cluster and multiple battery modules 22 in the second battery cluster can be arranged flush, improving space utilization efficiency in the layout of the first frame 711 and the second frame 712, ensuring electrical connection consistency between battery modules, improving the stability and reliability of the electrical system, and increasing maintenance efficiency. The independently placed control box 13, power module 11, and filter module 12 enhance system maintenance convenience and operational safety. In particular, the vertical arrangement of battery cluster 14 and control box 13 in the second frame 712 reduces electrical interference and improves signal transmission accuracy. The above arrangement facilitates the placement of the control box 13 below the battery cluster 14, and the placement of the power module 11 and the filter module 12 below the control box 13. This makes maintenance of the control box 13, power module 11, and filter module 12 easier, avoids the need for climbing, and improves maintenance efficiency.

[0054] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the energy storage system also includes a first liquid-cooled radiator 81 and a second liquid-cooled radiator 82. Multiple battery modules 16 are connected in series via the first liquid-cooled pipe, multiple battery modules 22 are connected in series via the second liquid-cooled pipe, and multiple battery modules 36 are connected in series via the third liquid-cooled pipe. The first, second, and third liquid-cooled pipes are connected in parallel to the first liquid-cooled radiator 81. Power module 11 is connected to the second liquid-cooled radiator 82 via the fourth liquid-cooled pipe 821, power module 2 is connected to the second liquid-cooled radiator 82 via the fifth liquid-cooled pipe, and power module 31 is connected to the second liquid-cooled radiator 82 via the sixth liquid-cooled pipe 822. The fourth, fifth, and sixth liquid-cooled pipes 821, 822, and 822 are connected in parallel to the second liquid-cooled radiator 82. By employing a first liquid-cooled radiator 81 and a second liquid-cooled radiator 82, efficient thermal management is achieved for battery module 16 and power module 11 respectively. This facilitates independent thermal management of battery module 16 and power module 11, improving cooling efficiency. It also reduces the reduction in heat dissipation caused by excessively long liquid-cooling paths and decreases the workload of draining and restoring liquid-cooling pipes during power module or battery cluster maintenance and replacement, thus enhancing the safe, stable, and efficient operation of the energy storage device. Multiple battery modules 16 are connected in series via the first liquid-cooling pipe, multiple battery modules 22 are connected in series via the second liquid-cooling pipe, and multiple battery modules 36 are connected in series via the third liquid-cooling pipe, forming independent cooling cycles. This ensures the cooling effect of each battery module, extends battery life, improves battery performance, and reduces cooling energy consumption. The first, second, and third liquid-cooling pipes are connected in parallel to the first liquid-cooled radiator 81, ensuring that even if some pipes fail, the system can still maintain basic thermal management functions, guaranteeing the long-term stable operation of the energy storage system. This approach balances cooling energy consumption with redundancy design, achieving both improved reliability and reduced energy consumption. Power module 11 utilizes an independent liquid cooling cycle, minimizing electrical performance degradation caused by overheating and enhancing its efficiency and reliability. The liquid cooling system design also considers redundancy; the parallel liquid cooling piping design ensures that even if some piping fails, the system can still maintain basic thermal management functions, guaranteeing the long-term stable operation of the energy storage system.

[0055] In this embodiment, the first liquid-cooled radiator 81 and the second liquid-cooled radiator 82 are placed side by side in an independent space at the end of the energy storage compartment to facilitate data monitoring and the issuance of local control commands. A BMS control cabinet 91 is also installed inside the energy storage compartment, which is responsible for monitoring the status of each battery cluster. A fire-fighting device 92 is also installed inside the energy storage compartment, responsible for detecting combustibles and fire sources within the entire compartment. A fiber optic splice box 95 connects the multiple communication optical fibers of power module 11, power module 2, and power module 31 to form a communication line, which is connected to the cascaded energy storage control cabinet to complete the status monitoring of the power modules and the issuance of unlocking / locking commands. Power module 11 is equipped with an input interface and an output interface that communicate with the second liquid-cooled radiator 82; coolant flows in through the input interface and flows out through the output interface.

[0056] It should be noted that electrical connections include power electrical connections and signal electrical connections. Electrical connections include direct electrical connections and indirect electrical connections. An example of an indirect electrical connection is that the battery module is connected to the power module via a control box and a filter module. In this embodiment, the electrical connection is a power-side connection.

[0057] In this embodiment, the energy storage system is a high-voltage cascaded energy storage system, belonging to the field of hybrid energy storage technology. High-voltage cascaded energy storage technology is an advanced topology applied in energy storage systems, with significant technical advantages and application prospects. High-voltage cascading technology connects multiple energy storage units directly to a medium-high voltage AC system through modular cascading, eliminating the need for transformer step-up, thus achieving a highly efficient and compact energy storage system. High-voltage cascading technology eliminates the need for power frequency transformers and distributed energy storage power station energy storage converters (DC / AC converters), improving system operating efficiency to over 98% and indirectly reducing operating costs. High-voltage cascading technology reduces the footprint and increases the energy density per unit area, making the energy storage system more compact. High-voltage cascaded systems have short response times, meeting the needs of emergency grid dispatch and improving grid flexibility and stability. High-voltage cascaded energy storage uses fewer battery cells, and the temperature control within the battery stack is more uniform, which helps extend battery life.

[0058] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that "a plurality of" means two or more. Directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right," "horizontal, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal," and "top, bottom" indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are used solely for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention. The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner or outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0059] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0060] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0061] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy storage system, characterized by, include: The first energy storage unit (10) includes a power module (11), a filter module (12), a control box (13), and multiple battery modules (16). The control box (13) is electrically connected to the multiple battery modules (16), and the power module (11) is electrically connected to the control box (13) via the filter module (12). The control box (13) is located below the multiple battery modules (16), and the filter module (12) and the power module (11) are arranged side by side and are both located below the control box (13). The second energy storage unit (20) is disposed opposite to the first energy storage unit (10). The second energy storage unit (20) includes a power module two and a plurality of battery modules two (22) electrically connected to the power module two. The third energy storage unit (30) is located on one side of the first energy storage unit (10) and the second energy storage unit (20). The third energy storage unit (30) includes a power module three (31) and a plurality of battery modules three (36) electrically connected to the power module three (31). Among them, the power module one (11), the power module two, and the power module three (31) are cascaded and connected to the power grid. Multiple battery modules one (16) form battery cluster one (14) and battery cluster two (15). Battery cluster one (14) and battery cluster two (15) are arranged horizontally at intervals. Both battery cluster one (14) and battery cluster two (15) include multiple battery modules one (16) arranged vertically at intervals. There are two control boxes one (13). The first control box one (13) is located in the battery cluster one (14). Below and electrically connected to multiple battery modules (16) in the first battery cluster (14), the second control box (13) is located below the second battery cluster (15) and electrically connected to multiple battery modules (16) in the second battery cluster (15), the filter module (12) and the power module (11) are both located below the first control box (13), both control boxes (13) are connected to the filter module (12), and the power module (11) is connected to the filter module (12); There are multiple first energy storage units (10), and multiple battery clusters (14) and multiple battery clusters (15) of the multiple first energy storage units (10) are alternately arranged; multiple battery modules (36) form battery clusters (34) and battery clusters (4), and the battery clusters (34) and battery clusters (4) are spaced apart along the direction from the first energy storage unit (10) to the second energy storage unit (20). Both the battery clusters (34) and the battery clusters (4) include multiple battery modules (36) arranged vertically at intervals. The third energy storage unit (30) further includes a filter module 2 (32) and two control boxes 2 (33). The first control box 2 (33) is located below the battery cluster 3 (34) and is electrically connected to multiple battery modules 3 (36) in the battery cluster 3 (34). The second control box 2 (33) is located below the battery cluster 4 and is electrically connected to multiple battery modules 3 (36) in the battery cluster 4. The power module 3 (31) is electrically connected to the control box 2 (33) via the filter module 2 (32). The filter module 2 (32) and the power module 3 (31) are arranged side by side and are both located below the first control box 2 (33). The battery cluster 3 (34) is arranged adjacent to the battery cluster 2 (15).

2. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positive and negative battery terminals of the two control boxes (13) are connected in parallel to the positive and negative battery terminals of the filter module (12), and the positive and negative battery terminals of each control box (13) are connected to the positive and negative battery terminals of the filter module (12) via a first cable; the positive and negative terminals of the power module (11) are connected in series with the positive and negative terminals of the filter module (12) via a first copper busbar; and / or, The positive and negative interfaces of the power module three (31) are connected in series with the positive and negative interfaces of the power module two through the second cable.

3. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage system also includes a second copper busbar (40), a third copper busbar (50), a primary cable input terminal (61) for the battery compartment, and a cable terminal head (62). The primary cable input terminal (61) of the battery compartment is connected to the second copper busbar (40) through the cable terminal head (62), and the second copper busbar (40) is connected to the output negative terminal interface of the power module (11) of the first first energy storage unit (10); The first end of the third copper busbar (50) is connected to the positive output interface of the power module (11) of the first first energy storage unit (10), and the second end of the third copper busbar (50) is connected to the negative output interface of the power module (11) of the second first energy storage unit (10).

4. The energy storage system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second copper busbar (40) includes a first section (41), a second section (42), and a third section (43) connected to each other. The first section (41) is connected to the cable terminal (62), and the third section (43) is connected to the negative output interface of the power module (11) of the first first energy storage unit (10). The second section (42) is connected between the first section (41) and the third section (43). The first section (41) and the third section (43) are arranged in parallel; and / or, The third copper busbar (50) includes a fourth section (51) and a fifth section (52) connected to each other. The fourth section (51) is connected to the positive output interface of the power module (11) of the first first energy storage unit (10), and the fifth section (52) is connected to the negative output interface of the power module (11) of the second first energy storage unit (10). The fourth section (51) and the fifth section (52) are arranged in parallel and connected by a conductive plate (53).

5. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage system further includes a first support (71), a second support (72), and a third support (73). The first support (71) has multiple first placement shelves (713) for placing multiple battery modules (16), the second support (72) has multiple second placement shelves for placing multiple battery modules (22), and the third support (73) has multiple third placement shelves (731) for placing multiple battery modules (36). The first placement shelves (713), the second placement shelves, and the third placement shelves (731) are arranged flush on the same horizontal plane.

6. The energy storage system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first support (71) includes a first frame (711) and a second frame (712). The first frame (711) includes a plurality of first placement shelves (713) for placing the battery cluster (14). The first frame (711) is provided with a first placement position for placing the control box (13), a second placement position for placing the power module (11) and a third placement position for placing the filter module (12). The second placement position and the third placement position are flush with each other and are both located below the first placement position. The second frame (712) includes a plurality of first placement shelves (713) for placing the second battery cluster (15), and the second frame (712) is provided with a fourth placement position for placing the first control box (13), and the second placement position is flush with the fourth placement position; in the same horizontal plane, the first placement shelves (713) in the first frame (711) are flush with the first placement shelves (713) in the second frame (712).

7. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage system also includes a first liquid-cooled radiator (81) and a second liquid-cooled radiator (82). Multiple battery modules (16) are connected in series via a first liquid cooling pipe, multiple battery modules (22) are connected in series via a second liquid cooling pipe, and multiple battery modules (36) are connected in series via a third liquid cooling pipe. The first liquid cooling pipe, the second liquid cooling pipe, and the third liquid cooling pipe are connected in parallel on the first liquid cooling radiator (81). The first power module (11) is connected to the second liquid-cooled radiator (82) through the fourth liquid-cooling pipe (821), the second power module is connected to the second liquid-cooled radiator (82) through the fifth liquid-cooling pipe, and the third power module (31) is connected to the second liquid-cooled radiator (82) through the sixth liquid-cooling pipe (822). The fourth liquid-cooling pipe (821), the fifth liquid-cooling pipe, and the sixth liquid-cooling pipe (822) are connected in parallel to the second liquid-cooled radiator (82).

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