Battery pack and power accounting method for unmanned underwater vehicle

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of underwater vehicle battery power supply, and discloses an unmanned underwater vehicle battery pack and a power accounting method.The application is used for solving the problem that the existing underwater vehicle cylindrical large-capacity lithium battery pack has a large number of single batteries which are densely arranged and cannot be quickly and accurately arranged.The application comprises a plurality of battery modules which are aligned with the central axes and are tightly mounted in a battery cabin after being overlapped; the battery module comprises a bottom plate, an insulating plate, a cross-over piece, a support frame, single batteries, an output copper bar and an output support frame; the single batteries are connected in series and in parallel to form a single battery stack, the left and right sides of the single battery stack are provided with the bottom plate, the upper and lower ends of the bottom plate are provided with the support frame, the left and right sides of the bottom plate are provided with the output support frame, the output support frame is connected with the output copper bar, one end of the output copper bar is connected with the cross-over piece, and the other end of the output copper bar is connected with the output support frame.The application is used for power supply of the unmanned underwater vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underwater vehicle battery power supply technology, specifically to an underwater vehicle battery pack and a power calculation method. Background Technology

[0002] Unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) are important robots used for underwater exploration and precision instruments used for detection. By carrying sensors and different mission modules, they can perform a variety of tasks. These autonomous underwater vehicles are active in fields such as marine science, marine engineering, and underwater rescue, and can navigate autonomously underwater for extended periods and be recovered.

[0003] Unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) possess advantages such as intelligence, high maneuverability, and stealth, making them a crucial development direction for underwater equipment. Among various battery types, lithium-ion batteries offer significant advantages in specific energy, cycle life, manufacturing, and cost, making them the primary choice for UUV battery packs. Cylindrical battery compartment structures are better suited to the internal space of UUVs, and to efficiently utilize the space within both the UUV and battery compartment, cylindrical shapes are often used for the battery pack's outer enclosure. However, due to the high energy and voltage requirements of UUVs, a large number of lithium-ion cells need to be connected in series and parallel to meet these demands. This presents a challenge in designing the dense arrangement of large-capacity battery packs with numerous individual cells, making rapid and accurate layout design difficult.

[0004] To address the challenges of UUV battery packs requiring numerous lithium-ion battery cells connected in series and parallel, and the need for efficient space utilization in cell arrangement, this invention proposes a method for arranging cylindrical batteries and calculating battery capacity for UUVs. This method employs a modular battery structure design and a functionalized battery arrangement calculation approach, resolving the issue of large-capacity battery packs having numerous densely packed cells but lacking the speed and accuracy for proper cell arrangement design. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems in the existing technology of UUV battery packs, which require a large number of lithium-ion battery cells to be connected in series and parallel, and require high space utilization for the arrangement of individual battery cells. In this way, it provides battery packs for unmanned underwater vehicles and a method for calculating the power of the battery packs, which is applicable to the arrangement design and power calculation of cylindrical battery packs for UUV, AUV and other surface and underwater equipment.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems is: a battery pack for an unmanned underwater vehicle, comprising multiple battery modules whose central axes are aligned and overlapped and tightly installed in a battery compartment; the battery module includes a base plate, an insulating plate, an end ring, a jumper plate, a support frame, a single battery cell, an output copper busbar, and an output bracket;

[0007] The individual cells are connected in series and parallel to form a cell stack. The cell stack has a base plate on both the left and right sides, and the end ring is located on the outermost side of the base plate. The base plate has a support frame at both the top and bottom, and an output bracket is located on both the left and right sides of the base plate. The output bracket is connected to an output copper busbar. One end of the output copper busbar is connected to a jumper, and the other end is connected to the output bracket.

[0008] Furthermore, output copper busbars are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the battery module, and the output copper busbars are battery module tab structures.

[0009] Furthermore, an insulating plate is provided between the individual battery stack and the base plate.

[0010] Another technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems is: a battery pack capacity calculation method, applicable to battery packs, comprising the following steps:

[0011] Step 1: Determine the model of each individual battery and calculate the series and parallel values ​​of each individual battery according to the power requirements;

[0012] Step 2: Place the structural space of the battery compartment in a three-dimensional coordinate system of XYZ, wherein the XOY plane is perpendicular to the axial direction of the battery compartment structural space, the Z direction is parallel to the axial direction of the battery compartment, and the diameter of the battery compartment is D in the cross-section of the internal space of the battery compartment.

[0013] Step 3: Calculate the installation gap between the battery compartment and the battery pack. Subtract the installation gap Dj from the diameter of the battery compartment to obtain the outer envelope circle diameter d of the lithium-ion battery pack in the XYZ space coordinate system. The diameter of the battery compartment D = d + 2Dj.

[0014] Step 4: Calculate the structural layout of the battery pack reinforcement area. Structural components include the top beam, bottom beam, and two side beams. The dimensions of the main load-bearing structural components are related to the total weight of the battery pack. A preliminary estimate of the total weight of the battery pack is made: Battery pack weight G = Total weight of individual cells G. b / Grouping coefficient η;

[0015] Step 5: Calculate the reliability of battery pack placement and installation. The Z-axis length of the base beam is taken as the battery pack length L, and the X-axis dimension of the base beam is d. dl The weight of the battery pack is considered to be uniformly distributed in the Z direction, the tensile stress of the bottom beam is uniformly distributed, and the maximum stress that the bottom beam can withstand is the bending normal stress at the neutral section.

[0016] The Y-axis dimension h of the bottom beam dl Should meet: Where S is the safety factor, M is the maximum bending stress, and M= Wy is the bending section modulus, W y = [σ] represents the allowable bending stress of the material, G represents the weight of the battery pack, and L represents the length of the battery pack.

[0017] The X-axis dimension of the top beam is d. dl The Z-axis dimension of the top beam is taken as the length L of the battery pack, and the Y-axis dimension of the top beam is 2h. dl ;

[0018] Step Six: Battery Pack Side Wiring Area. Calculate the space required for the battery pack wiring area to accommodate the installation of the side beams, series copper busbars, and safety electrical clearances. The X-axis dimension d of the wiring area is calculated. x The side beam has no load-bearing requirements, the thickness h of the side beam is 2-6mm, and the Z-axis dimension of the side beam is taken as the length L of the battery pack.

[0019] Step 7: In the XOY plane, use the outer envelope circle region of the battery pack to exclude the top beam, bottom beam, side beam and circuit area, thus obtaining the structural region of the battery module in the XOY plane.

[0020] Step 8: Calculate the battery stack installation gap and insulation gap, and set an envelope gap h between the individual cell area and the structural area of ​​the battery module. j The outer diameter d of the single cell region j = d-2h j ;

[0021] Step 9: Supplement the single cell area with a length of d mx Width d my The rectangular area is then divided into sections, and the individual battery areas are arranged accordingly. The positive and negative terminals of the battery group are located on the left and right sides of the battery module in the X direction, respectively. The individual batteries should be arranged in a close-packed manner in the Y direction, resulting in the rectangular area as follows:

[0022] The maximum number of individual units in the X direction is Nx = INT[(d mx -d1) / d2]+1;

[0023] The maximum number of individual units arranged in the Y direction is Ny = INT(d my / d1);

[0024] Therefore, the maximum number of individual units in a rectangular space is N = INT(Nx*Ny - 0.5Nx);

[0025] The maximum number of individual units that can be arranged in the four corners is as follows:

[0026] Ns=2*INT[(d my -d y1 ) / (2d1)+1]* INT[(d mx -d x1 -2d1) / (2d2)+2];

[0027] Therefore, the maximum number of cells arranged in the single cell area is Nd = N - Ns; finally, the number of cells in the module is divided into series and parallel, where d1 is the diameter of the single cell and d2 is the distance between the centers of two adjacent single cells in the X direction.

[0028] Furthermore, in step three, the installation gap Dj is 0.5 mm - 3 mm.

[0029] Furthermore, in step four, the grouping coefficient η is 0.5-0.9.

[0030] Furthermore, in step five, the X-axis dimension d of the bottom beam... dl The X-axis dimension d of the top beam is 0.3d - 0.8d. dl The duration is 0.3 d - 0.8 d.

[0031] Furthermore, the safety factor S in step five is 1.3-6.

[0032] Furthermore, in step six, the X-axis dimension of the line area is d. x 0.6 h dl -1.5h dl .

[0033] Furthermore, in step eight, the envelope gap h between the individual battery region and the battery module structure region... j The thickness ranges from 3mm to 9mm.

[0034] The present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0035] This invention provides a cylindrical battery structure model in which multiple battery modules are aligned at their central axes and stacked tightly. Individual cells are arranged in series and parallel and then densely stacked together. The individual cells are bonded together with silicone rubber to form a cell stack. The positive and negative electrodes of the cell stack are welded to the jumper plates to form a series-parallel combination. The battery pack structure has high energy and voltage supply.

[0036] Based on the spatial characteristics of cylindrical battery packs, this invention divides the battery pack structure space into functional areas, including battery modules, control areas, structural reinforcement areas, and circuit areas. Then, each area is designed in detail. Given the envelope size and power requirements of the battery pack, the series and parallel arrangement of individual batteries can be calculated, simplifying the complex design.

[0037] This invention provides a method for calculating the battery module layout of cylindrical batteries. By combining the division of functional areas in the structural space, it accurately calculates the arrangement scheme of individual battery cells in the battery module, maximizing the utilization of the battery compartment space. This cylindrical battery layout method can be applied to any type of cylindrical single battery cell, and automates the calculation of the arrangement scheme and the number of battery modules based on the size and performance characteristics of different single battery cell models. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the battery module structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cylindrical battery cell of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the XOY planar region division of the battery pack of this invention;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the calculation of the single cell arrangement in this invention;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the battery compartment structure of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 This invention d my and d mx Schematic diagram illustrating the principle of calculating line segment length;

[0044] Figure 7 This invention d y1 and d x1 Schematic diagram illustrating the principle of calculating line segment length;

[0045] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the maximum number of individual units that can be arranged at the four corners of the battery compartment of the present invention;

[0046] In the diagram, 1. Battery module; 101. Base plate; 102. Insulating plate; 103. End ring; 104. Bridging piece; 105. Support frame; 106. Single cell; 107. Output copper busbar; 108. Output bracket; 2. Top beam; 3. Bottom beam; 4. Side beam; 5. Series copper busbar. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0048] Specific implementation method one: Combining Figures 1 to 2This embodiment describes a battery pack for an unmanned underwater vehicle. The battery pack consists of multiple battery modules 1 whose central axes are aligned and tightly stacked in a battery compartment. Each battery module 1 includes a base plate 101, an insulating plate 102, an end ring 103, a bridging piece 104, a support frame 105, multiple individual batteries 106, an output copper busbar 107, and an output bracket 108.

[0049] The battery module 1 has a Z-axis symmetrical sandwich structure. An insulating plate 102 is mounted on a base plate 101. An end ring 103 is mounted on the outermost area of ​​the base plate 101 to fix the insulating plate 102. Multiple individual cells 106 are arranged in series and parallel and then densely stacked together. The individual cells 106 are bonded together with silicone rubber to form a cell stack. The positive and negative electrodes of the cell stack are welded to the jumper plates 104 to form a series-parallel combination. A support frame 105 is mounted and fixed on the base plate 101 of the battery module 1, and is located on the upper and lower sides of the base plate 101 in the Y direction. A support bracket 105 is installed on each side. The output bracket 108 is fixed on the base plate 101. An output bracket 108 is installed on each of the left and right sides of the base plate 101 in the X direction. The output bracket 108 is used to fix the output copper busbar 107 and the series copper busbar 5. One end of the output copper busbar 107 is welded to the jumper 104, and the other end is fixed to the output bracket 108. An output copper busbar 107 is installed on each side of the battery module 1 in the X direction. The output copper busbar 107 serves as the electrode structure of the battery module 1, leading out the current of the battery module 1.

[0050] In this embodiment, the battery pack is installed in the battery compartment of the aircraft. The battery compartment is provided with a top beam 2, a bottom beam 3, a side beam 4 and a series copper busbar 5. The top beam 2 is installed on the top of the battery pack, the bottom beam 3 is installed on the bottom of the battery pack, and the side beams 4 are located on the left and right sides of the battery pack. The area between the side beams 4 and the pressure-resistant shell of the battery compartment is the wiring area. The series copper busbar 5 is provided in the wiring area. The output copper busbars 107 on the left and right sides of each battery module 1 are respectively connected to the series copper busbar 5.

[0051] Specific Implementation Method Two: Combining Figures 1 to 8 This embodiment describes a battery pack capacity calculation method applicable to battery packs, comprising the following steps:

[0052] Step 1: Considering electrical performance requirements and voltage platform parameters, determine the 106 model of the individual battery, and calculate the series and parallel values ​​of the individual battery according to the power requirements.

[0053] Step 2: Place the structural space of the battery compartment in a three-dimensional coordinate system of XYZ, where the XOY plane is perpendicular to the axial direction of the battery compartment structural space, the Z direction is parallel to the axial direction of the battery compartment, and the diameter of the circular cross-section of the internal space of the battery compartment is D; based on the known parameters of the cross-sectional diameter D of the battery compartment and the 106 model of the single battery cell, continue with the following calculation steps.

[0054] Step 3: Consider the installation gap between the battery compartment and the battery pack. Subtract the installation gap Dj from the internal structural space diameter of the battery compartment to obtain the outer envelope circle diameter d of the lithium-ion battery pack in the XYZ space coordinate system, i.e., D=d+Dj, where the installation gap Dj is usually taken as 1mm-2.5mm.

[0055] Step 4: Consider the structural layout of the battery pack reinforcement area. The structural strength components include the top beam 2, the bottom beam 3, and two side beams 4. The dimensions of the main load-bearing structural components are related to the total weight of the battery pack, so the total weight of the battery pack is estimated here. Battery pack weight G = total weight of individual cells G b / Grouping coefficient η, which is usually taken as 0.7-0.85;

[0056] Step 5: Considering the reliability of battery pack placement and installation, the contact area between the bottom beam 3 and the mounting plane should be as large as possible. Simultaneously, considering that the space for battery module 1 should be as large as possible, the Z-axis length of the bottom beam 3 is taken as the battery pack length L, and the X-axis dimension d of the bottom beam 3 is... dl Taking 0.4d - 0.7d, since the weight of the battery pack can be considered uniformly distributed in the Z direction, and the tensile stress of the bottom beam 3 is uniformly distributed, the tensile stress of the bottom beam 3 can be ignored. The maximum stress that the bottom beam 3 can bear is the bending normal stress at the neutral section.

[0057] The Y-axis dimension h of the bottom beam 3 dl Should meet: Where S is the safety factor, M is the maximum bending stress, and M= Wy is the bending section modulus, W y = [σ] is the allowable bending stress of the material, G is the weight of the battery pack, and L is the length of the battery pack; S is generally greater than 1.25, and is generally 3.0-5.0 for aluminum alloys and composite materials, and 2.0-3.5 for steel.

[0058] The X and Z dimensions of the top beam 2 are the same as those of the bottom beam 3, and the Y dimension is 2h. dl ;

[0059] Step Six: Considering that the side of the battery pack is the wiring area, the space in the wiring area should meet the requirements for installing the series copper busbar 5, the side beam 4, and the safety electrical clearance. The X-axis dimension of the wiring area is d. x Typically 0.8 h dl -1.3h dl The X-axis dimension of the series copper busbar 5 is d. cx The Y-axis dimension of the series copper busbar 5 is d. cy , and d cx *d cy*10≥Imax, where 10 indicates that the current carrying capacity of the copper busbar per square millimeter is 10A, and Imax indicates the maximum current carrying capacity of the battery pack during application. The actual operating conditions and derating standards need to be considered during the design. Imax should be 1.25-2 times the actual operating current of the battery pack.

[0060] Electrical clearances refer to GB4943-2011 standard. Considering that the side beam 4 of the battery pack does not need to bear weight, the thickness h of the side beam 4 is generally taken as 2 mm - 5 mm, and the Z-direction dimension of the side beam 4 is taken as the length L of the battery pack.

[0061] Sufficient space needs to be left in the wiring area on the side of the battery module to place the series copper busbar 5 and the side beam 4, and there should be sufficient electrical clearance between the series copper busbar 5 and the side beam 4.

[0062] Step 7: In the XOY plane, use the circular envelope of the battery to exclude the top beam 2, bottom beam 3 and the circuit area, thus obtaining the structural area of ​​battery module 1 in the XOY plane.

[0063] Step 8: Considering the battery stack installation gap and insulation gap, an envelope gap h is set between the individual cell area and the structural area of ​​the battery module. j envelope gap h j Typically, the outer diameter d of the single cell area is taken as 5 mm - 7 mm. j = d-2h j；

[0064] Step 9: Expand the individual battery area into a rectangular area with length dmx and width dmy. Arrange the individual battery areas. It should be noted that, considering that the positive and negative electrodes of the battery pack should be located on the left and right sides of the X direction of battery module 1 respectively, the individual batteries should be arranged in a close-packed manner in the Y direction, resulting in a rectangular area:

[0065] 1) Maximum number of individual units N in the X direction x =INT[(d mx -d1) / d2]+1, combined with Figure 4 By the Pythagorean theorem, we can obtain d² = d1;

[0066] Suppose that there are n columns of closely packed monomers in the X direction, then the spacing in the X direction is [(n-1)]. d1+1]*d1, therefore by d mx The above formula is used to calculate n, which requires rounding down. INT is the rounding function.

[0067] 2) Maximum number of individual units N in the Y direction y =INT(d my / d1);

[0068] Therefore, the maximum number of individual units in a rectangular space is N = INT(N x *N y -0.5N x );

[0069] Individual cells are tightly packed, with one column being one less than the maximum number of arrangements. For example, if the maximum number of arrangements per column is Ny; if there are two columns, the total number of arrangements is Ny*2-1; if there are four columns, the total number of arrangements is Ny*4-2. Therefore, if the maximum number of arrangements is Ny... x If the column is empty, then 0.5N needs to be subtracted from the above formula. x Quantity unit, INT is the integer function;

[0070] 3) The maximum number of individual units that can be arranged at the four corners is: (Combined with...) Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the maximum number of battery cells that can be arranged at the four corners of the battery compartment. The four half-corner areas are supplemented into two rectangular areas or one complete rectangular area. The length and width of the rectangles are calculated respectively, and the area is calculated and then divided by the diameter of the battery cell d1 or the distance between two adjacent battery cells d2.

[0071] N s =2*INT[(d my -d y1 ) / (2d1)+1]* INT[(d mx -d x1 -2d1) / (2d2)+2];

[0072] Therefore, the maximum number of cells arranged in the single-cell area is N. d =NN s ;

[0073] Finally, the number of individual cells in the battery module is divided into series and parallel; where d1 is the diameter of the individual cell, d2 is the distance between the centers of two adjacent individual cells in the X direction, the maximum number of individual cells N in the rectangular space is rounded down, and the maximum number of individual cells that can be arranged in the four corners Ns is rounded up, that is, Ns=INT+1, where INT is the rounding function.

[0074] The maximum number of units that can be arranged in the four corners is the number of units excluded during the calculation, and it needs to be rounded up (see attached). Figure 8 In the upper right corner X area, approximately 2.2 units can be placed. The space for 3 units needs to be excluded to ensure the calculated area is valid.

[0075] The first part of the formula: +1 in the Y direction quantity is because INT is rounded down, and +1 is to change the rounding down (INT) to rounding up (INT+1).

[0076] The latter half of the formula represents the number of units in the X direction, which simplifies to INT[((d mx -dx1 ) / 2-d1) / d2+2], where (d mx -d x1 ) / 2 represents the X-direction length of the rectangular region; -d1 represents subtracting one unit diameter, i.e., appended Figure 8 The radius of the two individual units on the left and right sides; d2 represents the distance in the X direction between the centers of the circles projected onto the XOY plane by adjacent units when they are closely packed.

[0077] ((d mx -d x1 ) / 2-d1) / d2+1 is the appendix Figure 8 The maximum number of units that can be placed in the rectangular area in the X direction, referring to the above principle of rounding up (INT+1), requires INT[((d mx -d x1 ) / 2-d1) / d2+1]+1;

[0078] Combination Figures 3 to 7 Explanation of parameter d in this embodiment mx d x1 d my and d y1 The preferred method for calculating the length of a line segment is as follows; other trigonometric function calculations can also yield d. mx d x1 d my and d y1 The lengths are all based on well-known algorithms.

[0079] Combination Figure 6 Angle α = arcsin(d) dl / d), line segment a=dcosɑ / 2- h dl Therefore, d my =2a=2(dcosɑ / 2-h dl );

[0080] Line segment b = d / 2 - hd x Therefore, d mx =2b=d-2h-2d x ;

[0081] Combination Figure 7 Where d j = d-2h j Angle β = arccos(2a / d) j ), so d x1 = d j sinβ;

[0082] Angle γ = arccos(2b / d) j ), so d y1 = dj sinγ.

[0083] In this embodiment, the battery pack is installed in the battery compartment of the aircraft. The battery compartment is provided with a top beam 2, a bottom beam 3, a side beam 4 and a series copper busbar 5. The top beam 2 is installed on the top of the battery pack, the bottom beam 3 is installed on the bottom of the battery pack, and the side beams 4 are located on the left and right sides of the battery pack. The area between the side beams 4 and the pressure-resistant shell of the battery compartment is the wiring area. The series copper busbar 5 is provided in the wiring area. The output copper busbars 107 on the left and right sides of each battery module 1 are respectively connected to the series copper busbar 5.

[0084] This embodiment of the method for calculating the battery module layout of cylindrical batteries, combined with the division of functional areas of the structural space, accurately calculates the battery cell arrangement scheme of the battery module, thereby maximizing the utilization of the battery compartment space. This cylindrical battery layout method can be applied to any type of cylindrical single battery cell, and, based on the size and performance characteristics of different single battery cell models, it automates the calculation of the single battery cell layout scheme and the number of battery modules.

[0085] Specific implementation method three: Combining Figures 1 to 8 This embodiment considers the installation gap between the battery compartment and the battery pack. The diameter of the internal structural space of the battery compartment minus the installation gap Dj is the outer enveloping circular diameter d of the lithium-ion battery pack, i.e., D=d+2Dj. In step three of the battery pack capacity calculation method, the installation gap Dj is 1 mm - 2.5 mm.

[0086] In this embodiment, the installation gap Dj in step three of the pool group power calculation method is 1 mm; the installation gap Dj in step three of the pool group power calculation method is 2.5 mm.

[0087] In this embodiment, the installation gap between the battery compartment and the battery pack is considered. The diameter of the internal structural space of the battery compartment is reduced by the installation gap Dj. The outer enveloping circular diameter of the lithium-ion battery pack is d, i.e., D=d+2Dj. In step three of the battery pack capacity calculation method, the installation gap Dj is 0.5mm-3mm.

[0088] In this embodiment, the installation gap Dj in step three of the pool group power calculation method is 0.5 mm; the installation gap Dj in step three of the pool group power calculation method is 3 mm.

[0089] The other components and connections are the same as in Specific Implementation Method 2.

[0090] Specific implementation method four: Combination Figures 1 to 8 In this embodiment, the total weight of the battery pack is estimated, and the weight of the battery pack G = the total weight of the individual cells G. b The grouping coefficient η, referring to the existing battery pack database, is 0.7-0.85 in step four of the battery pack power calculation method.

[0091] In this embodiment, the grouping coefficient η in step four of the battery pack power calculation method is 0.7; the grouping coefficient η in step four of the battery pack power calculation method is 0.85.

[0092] In this embodiment, the total weight of the battery pack is estimated as follows: Battery pack weight G = Total weight of individual cells G b The grouping coefficient η, referring to the existing battery pack database, is 0.5-0.9 in step four of the battery pack power calculation method.

[0093] In this embodiment, the grouping coefficient η in step four of the battery pack power calculation method is 0.5; the grouping coefficient η in step four of the battery pack power calculation method is 0.9.

[0094] The other components and connections are the same as in Specific Implementation Method 2.

[0095] Specific Implementation Method Five: Combining Figures 1 to 8 This embodiment describes a method where, considering the reliability of battery pack placement and installation, the contact area between the bottom beam 3 and the mounting plane should be as large as possible. Simultaneously, considering that the space for the battery module 1 should be as large as possible, the X-axis dimension d of the bottom beam 3 in step five of the battery pack capacity calculation method is... dl The X-axis dimension d of the top beam 2 is 0.4d - 0.7d. dl The duration is 0.4 d - 0.7 d.

[0096] In this embodiment, the X-axis dimension d of the bottom beam 3 in step five of the battery pack capacity calculation method is... dl The X-axis dimension d of the top beam 2 is 0.4d. dl The value is 0.4d; the X-axis dimension d of the bottom beam 3 in step five of the battery pack capacity calculation method is 0.4d. dl The X-axis dimension d of the top beam 2 is 0.7d. dl It is 0.7d.

[0097] In this embodiment, considering the reliability of battery pack placement and installation, the contact surface between the bottom beam 3 and the mounting plane should be as large as possible. Simultaneously, considering that the space for the battery module 1 should be as large as possible, the X-axis dimension d of the bottom beam 3 in step five of the battery pack capacity calculation method is... dl The X-axis dimension d of the top beam 2 is 0.3d - 0.8d. dl The duration is 0.3d - 0.8d.

[0098] In this embodiment, the X-axis dimension d of the bottom beam 3 in step five of the battery pack capacity calculation method is... dl The X-axis dimension d of the top beam 2 is 0.3d. dl The value is 0.3d; the X-axis dimension d of the bottom beam 3 in step five of the battery pack capacity calculation method is 0.3d. dlThe X-axis dimension d of the top beam 2 is 0.8d. dl It is 0.8d.

[0099] The other components and connections are the same as in Specific Implementation Method 2.

[0100] Specific Implementation Method Six: Combination Figures 1 to 8 In this embodiment, the safety factor S in step five of the battery pack power calculation method is 1.25-5. S is generally greater than 1.25. For aluminum alloys and composite materials, it is generally 3.0-5.0, and for steel, it is generally 2.0-3.5.

[0101] In this embodiment, the safety factor S in step five of the battery pack power calculation method is 1.25; the safety factor S in step five of the battery pack power calculation method is 5.

[0102] In step five of the battery pack power calculation method in this embodiment, the safety factor S is 1.3-6, generally greater than 1.25. For aluminum alloys and composite materials, it is generally 3.0-5.0, and for steel, it is generally 2.0-3.5.

[0103] In this embodiment, the safety factor S in step five of the battery pack power calculation method is 1.3; the safety factor S in step five of the battery pack power calculation method is 6.

[0104] The other components and connections are the same as in Specific Implementation Method 2.

[0105] Specific implementation method seven: Combination Figures 1 to 8 This embodiment explains that the space in the battery pack wiring area should meet the requirements of the mounting side beam 4, the series copper busbar 5, and safety electrical clearances. In step six of the battery pack capacity calculation method, the X-axis dimension of the wiring area is d. x 0.8h dl -1.3h dl .

[0106] In this embodiment, the X-axis dimension of the circuit area in step six of the battery pack power calculation method is d. x 0.8h dl In step six of the battery pack capacity calculation method, the X-axis dimension of the line area is d. x It takes 1.3 hours dl .

[0107] In this embodiment, the space of the battery pack wiring area should meet the requirements of the mounting side beam 4, the series copper busbar 5, and the safety electrical clearance. In step six of the battery pack capacity calculation method, the X-axis dimension of the wiring area is d. x 0.6h dl -1.5h dl .

[0108] In this embodiment, the X-axis dimension of the circuit area in step six of the battery pack power calculation method is d. x 0.6h dl In step six of the battery pack capacity calculation method, the X-axis dimension of the line area is d. x It takes 1.5 hours dl .

[0109] The other components and connections are the same as in Specific Implementation Method 2.

[0110] Specific implementation method eight: Combination Figures 1 to 8 In this embodiment, it is assumed that the side beam 4 of the battery pack does not need to bear any weight, and the thickness of the side beam 4 in step six of the battery pack power calculation method is taken as 2mm-5mm.

[0111] In this embodiment, the thickness of the side beam 4 in step six of the battery pack capacity calculation method is 2mm; the thickness of the side beam 4 in step six of the battery pack capacity calculation method is 5mm.

[0112] In this embodiment, considering that the side beam 4 of the battery pack does not need to bear any weight, the thickness of the side beam 4 in step six of the battery pack power calculation method is taken as 2 mm - 6 mm.

[0113] In this embodiment, the thickness of the side beam 4 in step six of the battery pack capacity calculation method is 2mm; the thickness of the side beam 4 in step six of the battery pack capacity calculation method is 6mm.

[0114] The other components and connections are the same as in Specific Implementation Method 2.

[0115] Specific Implementation Method Nine: Combining Figures 1 to 8 This embodiment describes a method where, considering the battery stack installation gap and insulation gap, an envelope gap h is provided between the individual battery area and the structural area of ​​the battery module. j envelope gap h j Take 5mm-7mm.

[0116] In this embodiment, an envelope gap h is provided between the individual battery region and the structural region of the battery module. j envelope gap h j A 5mm gap is set between the individual cell area and the structural area of ​​the battery module; an envelope gap h is set between them. j envelope gap h j Take 7mm.

[0117] In this embodiment, considering the battery stack installation gap and insulation gap, an envelope gap h is provided between the individual cell area and the structural area of ​​the battery module. j envelope gap h j Take a diameter of 3mm to 9mm.

[0118] In this embodiment, an envelope gap h is provided between the individual battery region and the structural region of the battery module. j envelope gap h j A 3mm gap is set between the individual cell area and the structural area of ​​the battery module; an envelope gap h is set between them. j envelope gap h j Take 9mm.

[0119] The other components and connections are the same as in Specific Implementation Method 2.

[0120] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery pack power calculation method, applicable to battery packs of unmanned underwater vehicles, wherein the battery pack comprises multiple battery modules (1) aligned along their central axes and tightly stacked in a battery compartment; each battery module (1) comprises a base plate (101), an insulating plate (102), a jumper plate (104), a support frame (105), individual batteries (106), output copper busbars (107), and an output bracket (108); the individual batteries (106) are connected in series and parallel to form a battery stack, and the base plate (101) is provided on the left and right sides of the battery stack; the base plate (101) Support frames (105) are provided at the top and bottom ends of the base plate (101), and output brackets (108) are provided on the left and right sides of the base plate (101). The output brackets (108) are connected to the output copper busbars (107). One end of the output copper busbars (107) is connected to the jumper (104), and the other end is connected to the output brackets (108). Output copper busbars (107) are provided on the left and right sides of the battery module (1). The output copper busbars (107) are the electrode tabs of the battery module (1). An insulating plate (102) is provided between the single battery stack and the base plate (101). The feature is that: The battery pack capacity calculation method includes the following steps: Step 1: Determine the model of the individual battery (106) and calculate the series and parallel values ​​of the individual battery according to the power demand; Step 2: Place the structural space of the battery compartment in the three-dimensional coordinate system XYZ, where the XOY plane is perpendicular to the axial direction of the battery compartment structural space, the Z direction is parallel to the axial direction of the battery compartment, and the diameter of the battery compartment internal space cross-section is D. Step 3: Calculate the installation gap between the battery compartment and the battery pack. Subtract the installation gap Dj from the diameter of the battery compartment to obtain the outer envelope circle diameter d of the lithium-ion battery pack in the XYZ space coordinate system. The diameter of the battery compartment D = d + 2Dj. Step 4: Calculate the structural layout of the reinforced area of ​​the battery pack. The structural components include the top beam (2), bottom beam (3), and two side beams (4). The dimensions of the main load-bearing structural components of the battery pack are related to the total weight of the battery pack. The total weight of the battery pack is estimated. The weight of the battery pack G = the total weight of the individual cells G. b / Grouping coefficient η; Step 5: Calculate the reliability of battery pack placement and installation. The Z-axis length of the bottom beam (3) is taken as the length L of the battery pack, and the X-axis dimension of the bottom beam (3) is d. dl The weight of the battery pack is considered to be uniformly distributed in the Z direction, the tensile stress of the bottom beam (3) is uniformly distributed, and the maximum stress that the bottom beam (3) can withstand is the bending normal stress at the neutral section. The Y-axis dimension h of the bottom beam (3) dl It should meet the following requirements: Where S is the safety factor, M is the maximum bending stress, and M= Wy is the bending section modulus, W y = [σ] represents the allowable bending stress of the material, G represents the weight of the battery pack, and L represents the length of the battery pack; the X-axis dimension of the top beam (2) is d. dl The Z-axis dimension of the top beam (2) is taken as the length L of the battery pack, and the Y-axis dimension of the top beam (2) is 2h. dl ; Step 6: The side of the battery pack is the wiring area. The space of the battery pack wiring area should meet the requirements of the installation side beam (4), series copper busbar (5), and safety electrical clearance. The X-axis dimension of the wiring area is d. x The side beam (4) has no load-bearing requirements. The thickness h of the side beam (4) is 2-6mm. The Z-axis dimension of the side beam (4) is taken as the length L of the battery pack. Step 7: In the XOY plane, use the outer envelope circle region of the battery pack to exclude the top beam (2), bottom beam (3), side beam (4) and circuit area, thus obtaining the structural region of the battery module (1) in the XOY plane; Step 8: Calculate the battery stack installation gap and insulation gap, and set an envelope gap h between the individual cell area and the structural area of ​​the battery module (1). j The outer diameter d of the single cell region j = d-2h j ; Step 9: Supplement the single cell area with a length of d mx Width d my The rectangular area is then arranged into individual battery areas. The positive and negative electrodes of the battery group are located on the left and right sides of the X direction of the battery module (1), respectively. The individual battery arrangement should be a dense stacking arrangement in the Y direction, resulting in the following rectangular area: The maximum number of individual units in the X direction is Nx = INT[(d mx -d1) / d2]+1; The maximum number of individual units arranged in the Y direction is Ny = INT(d my / d1); Therefore, the maximum number of individual units in a rectangular space is N = INT(Nx*Ny - 0.5Nx); The maximum number of individual units that can be arranged in the four corners is as follows: Ns=2*{INT[(d my -d y1 ) / (2d1) ]+1}*{INT[((d mx -d x1 ) / 2-d1) / d2+1]+1}; Therefore, the maximum number of cells arranged in the single cell area is Nd = N - Ns; finally, the number of cells in the module is divided into series and parallel, where d1 is the diameter of the single cell and d2 is the distance between the centers of two adjacent single cells in the X direction.

2. The battery pack capacity calculation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step three, the installation gap Dj is 0.5 mm - 3 mm.

3. The battery pack capacity calculation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step four, the grouping coefficient η is 0.5-0.

9.

4. The battery pack capacity calculation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X-axis dimension d of the bottom beam (3) in step five. dl The X-axis dimension d of the top beam (2) is 0.3d - 0.8d. dl The duration is 0.3d - 0.8d.

5. The battery pack capacity calculation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The safety factor S in step five is 1.3-6.

6. The battery pack capacity calculation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step six, the X-axis dimension of the line area is d. x 0.6h dl -1.5h dl .

7. The battery pack capacity calculation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step eight, the envelope gap h between the individual battery region and the battery module (1) structural region is described. j The thickness ranges from 3mm to 9mm.

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