A method to shorten the cultivation time of peonies forcing cultivation during the Spring Festival

Abstract

A method for shortening the cultivation time of peonies forcing them to bloom during the Spring Festival involves selecting peony varieties with shallow dormancy characteristics. After potting, the peonies are treated at low temperatures (0-4℃) in a cold storage for 23-26 days, followed by greenhouse cultivation. During greenhouse cultivation, nitrogen fertilizer is applied 1-2 times before flower bud emergence; gibberellin is applied to the young buds when they swell and the tips crack to reveal buds; balanced fertilizer is applied 1-2 times before the budding stage; and potassium fertilizer is applied 1-2 times before flowering. After the peony plants are placed in the greenhouse, carbon dioxide is supplemented into the greenhouse during the rounding and blossoming stages of the peony flowers, maintaining a carbon dioxide concentration of 800-1200 PPM. This significantly reduces the cultivation time required for forcing peonies during the Spring Festival. While ensuring good flower quality, this innovative technique for controlling the flowering period of forcing peonies shortens the cultivation time during the Spring Festival, reduces production costs, increases the commercial value of peonies, and meets the demand for flower viewing during the Spring Festival.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to peony cultivation technology, specifically a method for shortening the cultivation time of peonies cultivated during the Spring Festival. Background Technology

[0002] Peony (Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.) is a deciduous shrub belonging to the genus Paeonia in the family Paeoniaceae. It is a traditional Chinese flower, often referred to as the "King of Flowers." The natural flowering period of peonies is concentrated in April, which is relatively short and concentrated, limiting its application in major events and horticultural exhibitions. To meet market demand and improve the production efficiency and quality of peonies, artificial intervention is used to guide the plant's natural growth process, enabling it to bloom rapidly outside of its natural growing season, or to advance or delay its growing season to suit market needs.

[0003] Chill requirement is a key physiological indicator for determining the breaking of dormancy in peony flower buds; it represents the effective cumulative low temperature value required for flower buds to break natural dormancy. If the chilling requirement is not met, even with a suitable growing environment, it can lead to delayed flower bud germination, low flowering rate, or deformed flower organs. Current methods for forcing peony cultivation require prolonged low-temperature treatment, resulting in a long overall cultivation time and significantly increasing labor and cultivation costs. If convenient, simple, and practical techniques could be comprehensively adopted to regulate the flowering period of peonies, the commercial value of forcibly cultivated peonies for the Spring Festival could be greatly enhanced. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for shortening the cultivation time of peonies forcing them to bloom during the Spring Festival, so as to advance the flowering time of peonies while ensuring the quality of flowering.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is: a method for shortening the cultivation time of peonies forcing cultivation during the Spring Festival. In October of the previous year, peony varieties with shallow dormancy characteristics are selected. After the peony plants are potted, they are placed in a low-temperature environment for low-temperature treatment, and then transferred to a greenhouse for maintenance. The method is characterized by: applying nitrogen fertilizer to the peony plants 1-2 times before flower buds sprout; applying gibberellin to the young buds when the flower buds swell and the top cracks to reveal buds; applying balanced fertilizer to the peony plants 1-2 times before the bud formation stage; and applying potassium fertilizer to the peony plants 1-2 times before flowering.

[0006] After the peony plants are placed in the greenhouse for cultivation, carbon dioxide is supplemented into the greenhouse during the rounding and blossoming stages of the peony flowers, so that the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse reaches 800-1200 PPM.

[0007] When potting peony plants, the potting substrate should be a mixture of peat moss and perlite in a 4:1 weight ratio, with quicklime powder added and mixed evenly to achieve a pH of 6.8-7.2.

[0008] The method of low-temperature treatment is to place the peony plants in a low-temperature cold storage at 0℃-4℃ for 23-26 days.

[0009] During the peonies' ripening and blossoming stages, carbon dioxide was applied to the greenhouse for 3-5 consecutive days, with the application period being from 9:00 to 15:00 each day.

[0010] During greenhouse maintenance, the duration of sunlight exposure should be controlled to be more than 10 hours. If there is continuous cloudy or rainy / snowy weather, supplemental lighting should be used.

[0011] During greenhouse maintenance, the temperature inside the greenhouse should be controlled at 8-20℃ in the early stage and gradually increased to 20-25℃ in the later stage, with the daily temperature difference controlled within 10℃.

[0012] During greenhouse maintenance, the humidity inside the greenhouse is maintained at 75-85%.

[0013] During greenhouse maintenance, water once every 7 to 10 days.

[0014] The gibberellin concentration is 300-450 mg / L, and the gibberellin is applied to the young buds 1-2 times.

[0015] The peony plants mentioned are of the following varieties: Luoyang Red, Coral Terrace, Tongyun, and Luhe Red.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Employing a simple and widely applicable technique, this invention significantly reduces the cultivation time required for forcing peonies during the Spring Festival by subjecting potted peonies to low-temperature treatment in the early stages of cultivation to minimize flower bud dormancy, followed by supplemental carbon dioxide treatment. While ensuring good flower quality, this innovative technique for controlling the flowering period of forcibly cultivated peonies shortens the cultivation time during the Spring Festival, reduces production costs, increases the commercial value of peonies, and meets the demand for flower viewing during the Spring Festival. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a comparison of the flowering quality of different peony varieties under different low-temperature accumulation conditions in Example 1.

[0018] Figure 2 This is an analysis of the phenotypic characteristics of the 'Luoyang Red' peony in Example 1.

[0019] Figure 3 This is an analysis of the phenotypic characteristics of the 'Yin Hong Qiao Dui' peony in Example 1.

[0020] Figure 4 This is an analysis of the phenotypic characteristics of the 'Coral Terrace' peony in Example 1.

[0021] Figure 5 This is an analysis of the phenotypic traits of the 'Tongyun' peony in Example 1.

[0022] Figure 6 This is an analysis of the phenotypic characteristics of the 'Blue Moon' peony in Example 1.

[0023] Figure 7 This is an analysis of the phenotypic characteristics of the 'Luhehong' peony in Example 1.

[0024] Figure 8 This is Example 2, which shows the daily variation of net photosynthetic rate and intercellular carbon dioxide concentration during the peach-ripening stage of the 'Luoyang Red' peony.

[0025] Figure 9 This is Example 2, which shows the daily variation of net photosynthetic rate and intercellular carbon dioxide concentration during the budding period of the 'Luoyang Red' peony.

[0026] Figure 10 This is Example 2, which shows the daily variation of net photosynthetic rate and intercellular carbon dioxide concentration during the peak bloom period of the 'Luoyang Red' peony.

[0027] Figure 11 This is Example 3, which shows the changes in net photosynthetic rate and intercellular carbon dioxide concentration of 'Luoyang Red' peony at different stages.

[0028] Figure 12 Example 4-12 compares the flowering quality of 'Luoyang Red' peony.

[0029] Figure 13 This is Example 4-12, showing the development process of the flower buds of the 'Luoyang Red' peony.

[0030] Figure 14 This is Example 4-12, phenotypic analysis of 'Luoyang Red' peony. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The specific contents listed in the following embodiments are not limited to the technical features necessary to solve the technical problem of the present invention. Furthermore, the listed embodiments are merely a part of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0032] The method of this invention for shortening the cultivation time of forcing peonies during the Spring Festival includes the following steps: S1: Plant selection: Select peony varieties with robust plants, compact plant shape, no pests or diseases, full and plump buds, and shallow dormancy characteristics, such as 'Luoyanghong', 'Shanhutai', 'Tongyun', and 'Luhehong'.

[0033] S2: Potting the Plants: The selected peony plants were dug up in October of the previous year. When digging up the plants, try to keep the root system intact and avoid breaking the roots. After digging, remove all soil attached to the roots and quickly pot them. The potting mix used is a 4:1 weight ratio of peat moss and perlite, with quicklime powder added and mixed thoroughly to achieve a pH of 6.8-7.2. This improves soil permeability, prevents soil compaction, and promotes healthy seedling development.

[0034] S3: Low-temperature treatment: After potting, the peony plants are placed in a cold storage environment at a low temperature of 0℃-4℃. The duration of the low-temperature treatment is 23-26 days, depending on the chilling requirement of the peony variety. After the low-temperature treatment, the flower bud differentiation of the peonies has been completed.

[0035] S4: Greenhouse Maintenance: After the refrigeration treatment, the peony plants are moved into the greenhouse. Before moving them into the greenhouse, the potted peony plants are pruned, removing weak, diseased, and withered branches. After moving them into the greenhouse, routine management such as lighting, watering, and fertilization is carried out.

[0036] When cultivating peonies in a greenhouse, temperature control should follow the natural growth pattern of peonies. In the early stages, maintain the temperature between 8-20℃, gradually increasing it to 20-25℃ in the later stages. Keep the daily temperature difference within 10℃, and maintain the humidity inside the greenhouse at 75-85%. Water thoroughly with clean water every 7-10 days during greenhouse cultivation. Ensure at least 10 hours of sunlight per day during the greenhouse period. If there are consecutive cloudy days or rain / snow, use supplemental lighting to promote normal bud growth and development.

[0037] During greenhouse cultivation, fertilization needs to be carried out at appropriate times. This invention selects to apply nitrogen fertilizer to peony plants 1-2 times before flower bud germination; apply balanced fertilizer to peony plants 1-2 times before bud formation; and apply potassium fertilizer to peony plants 1-2 times before flowering. During this period, when flower buds swell and the tips crack to reveal buds, apply 300-450 mg / L gibberellin to the young buds 1-2 times. When applying gibberellin, use a soft-tipped brush to dip a small amount of gibberellin solution, ensuring that each application is just enough to avoid dripping, and apply it to the plump terminal buds.

[0038] To promote flowering and improve flower quality, carbon dioxide was supplemented into the greenhouse after the peony plants were placed there, during the full bloom stage and the budding stage. During both stages, carbon dioxide was supplemented for 3-5 consecutive days, from 9:00 AM to 3:00 PM each day. The carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse was maintained at 800-1200 PPM.

[0039] Example 1: Potted peony varieties 'Luoyang Red', 'Yinhong Qiaodui', 'Shanhutai', 'Tongyun', 'Lan Yueliang', and 'Luhe Red' were selected. These potted peonies were transferred in batches to a 0-4℃ cold storage for low-temperature treatment on October 15th, 20th, 25th, and 30th, 2024, respectively, and then uniformly transferred to a greenhouse. The low-temperature treatment period for each batch of potted peonies was 20-35 days. Temperature, humidity, and light in the greenhouse were uniformly controlled according to the above method. Watering was done every 7-10 days. Organic nitrogen fertilizer was applied 1-2 times before flower bud emergence; balanced fertilizer was applied 1-2 times before bud formation; and potassium fertilizer was applied 1-2 times before flowering. When flower buds swelled and the tips cracked to reveal buds, 300-450 mg / L gibberellin was applied to the young buds 1-2 times.

[0040] After flowering, the phenological stages were recorded, and morphological indicators such as plant height, crown width, number of flower buds, number of flowers, and length of new branches were measured and recorded, as shown in Tables 1 and 2. Figure 1-7 As shown. The definitions of each indicator are as follows: Plant height: the vertical distance from the ground to the highest growth point; Crown width: the average of the maximum and minimum crown widths measured separately; New branch length: the distance from the base to the tip of all new branches; Flower diameter: the diameter of the fully opened flower; Flower height: the vertical distance from the calyx to the highest point of the petals. Flower and leaf color were measured using a colorimeter (center of the petals) under natural light, using the L, a, and b values. L represents brightness; a reflects the range from red to green, with a positive value indicating a reddish hue and a negative value indicating a greenish hue; b reflects the range from yellow to blue, with a positive value indicating a yellowish hue and a negative value indicating a bluish hue.

[0041] Table 1. Statistical analysis of flowering phenotypic traits of various varieties under different low-temperature treatment durations. Note: Different lowercase letters in the same column of the table indicate that the differences between different treatments are significant at the 0.05 level (P<0.05); data are mean ± standard deviation.

[0042] Table 2. Statistics on flowering and phenological periods of various varieties under different low-temperature treatment durations. This invention subjected potted peonies with shallow dormancy characteristics, such as 'Luoyang Hong', 'Yin Hong Qiao Dui', 'Shanhu Tai', 'Tong Yun', 'Lan Yue Liang', and 'Lu He Hong', to low-temperature treatments of varying durations and analyzed their effects on flowering. The results showed that potted peonies could open normally under different durations of low-temperature treatment, but the flowering rate, flower diameter, plant height, and crown width varied among the peony varieties under different chill accumulation levels.

[0043] Experiments showed that 23-26 days of low-temperature treatment was optimal for 'Luoyang Red' peonies. Potted 'Luoyang Red' peonies treated with low temperature for 28-31 days achieved the best plant height and crown width. Figure 2The flower diameter reached 15.88±1.28 cm, and the flower height reached 8.14±0.42 cm (Table 1). Plants treated with low temperature for 23–26 days showed more vibrant flower color and brighter leaf color. Figure 2 The low-temperature treatment group (23-26 days) had an earlier peak flowering period, only 2 days later than the low-temperature treatment groups (33-36 days and 28-31 days), and 5 days earlier than the low-temperature treatment group (18-21 days) (Table 2). Because this treatment involved a shorter period of low temperature, the cultivation time for potted peonies was shortened, effectively reducing production costs and accelerating the production cycle of potted peonies forcibly cultivated for the Spring Festival.

[0044] The optimal low-temperature treatment for 'Yin Hong Qiao Dui' peony was achieved for 28–31 days. After 28–31 days of low-temperature treatment, the flower diameter of potted 'Yin Hong Qiao Dui' peony reached 16.63 ± 0.80 cm, and the flower height reached 6.97 ± 0.24 cm (Table 1). Simultaneously, the flower color of the plants was bright and vibrant. Figure 3 This treatment resulted in the earliest flowering period, 2 days earlier than the 33-36 day low-temperature treatment, and 7 days earlier than the 23-26 day and 18-21 day low-temperature treatments. Therefore, the 'Yin Hong Qiao Dui' peony treated with 28-31 days of low temperature required the shortest cultivation time.

[0045] The optimal treatment for 'Coral Terrace' peony was a low-temperature treatment of 18-21 days. Flowers treated under this condition exhibited the most outstanding quality, with a diameter reaching 16.21±1.05cm and a height reaching 7.86±1.04cm (Table 1). The flowers and leaves were brightly colored, and its main ornamental traits and growth indicators were at or near their optimal levels. Figure 4 Although the peak flowering period of this treatment group was 2 days later than that of the low-temperature 33-36d and 28-31d ​​treatment groups, the low-temperature time in cold storage was shorter than that of the low-temperature 33-36d and 28-31d ​​treatment groups. Overall, this treatment still shortened the cultivation time of potted peonies.

[0046] The optimal treatment for 'Tongyun' peony was a 23-26 day low-temperature treatment. 'Tongyun' potted peonies treated with low temperature for 23-26 days exhibited superior performance in multiple indicators: plant height, crown width, and new branch length all reached their optimal levels. Figure 5 The flower diameter was 16.56±0.93cm, and the height was 7.45±0.16cm (Table 1). The leaves were emerald green. Figure 5 The 23-26 day low-temperature treatment group was 3 days later than the 33-36 day and 28-31 day low-temperature treatment groups, but its cold storage low-temperature treatment time was shorter than that of the 33-36 day and 28-31 day low-temperature treatment groups. Overall, this treatment still shortened the cultivation time of potted peonies.

[0047] The optimal treatment for 'Blue Moon' peony is a 28-31 day low-temperature treatment. After 28-31 days of low-temperature treatment, the plant height, crown width, and new branch length of potted 'Blue Moon' peonies reach their peak. Figure 6 The flower diameter was 18.53±1.17cm, and the height was 7.74±0.24cm (Table 1). This treatment produced the brightest flower color and the greenest leaves. Figure 6 The 34-36 day low-temperature treatment resulted in excessive foliage that obscured the flowers. The 28-31 day low-temperature treatment advanced the peak flowering period by 4 days compared to the 34-36 day treatment. Considering the initial low-temperature treatment time in cold storage, the cultivation time for potted peonies was not significantly shortened. The 28-32 day low-temperature treatment reached peak flowering more than 10 days earlier than the 23-26 day and 18-21 day treatments. This may be because the low-temperature treatments of 23-26 day and 18-21 day did not achieve the required chilling accumulation to break flower bud dormancy. Based on the above indicators, the 28-31 day low-temperature treatment is the optimal treatment for the 'Blue Moon' variety.

[0048] The optimal treatment for 'Luhehong' peony is a 23-26 day low-temperature treatment. The plant height, crown width, and new branch length of 'Luhehong' potted peonies treated for 23-26 days are slightly lower than those treated for 28-31 days and 33-36 days. Figure 7 However, the flower diameter of this treatment was 18.15±0.35cm, and the flower height was 8.67±0.39cm (Table 1). Treatments with low temperatures of 28–31 days and 33–36 days resulted in excessive foliage that obscured the flowers, affecting the ornamental quality. This treatment involved a shorter initial period of low-temperature treatment in cold storage, and its peak bloom was only 3 days later than the 33–36 day and 28–31 day treatment groups. Considering the duration of the initial low-temperature treatment in cold storage, this treatment can shorten the cultivation time of potted peonies and effectively save production costs.

[0049] In summary, 'Coral Terrace', 'Luoyang Red', 'Tongyun', and 'Luhe Red' are shallow-dormant peony varieties. Among them, 'Coral Terrace' peony can achieve good flowering quality after 18-21 days of low-temperature treatment, while 'Luoyang Red', 'Tongyun', and 'Luhe Red' require 23-26 days of low-temperature treatment to achieve good flowering quality.

[0050] Example 2: 'Luoyang Red' peony potted plants were selected and moved into a greenhouse after low-temperature treatment to break the dormancy of flower buds. The greenhouse maintenance conditions were the same as in Example 1. At different stages of peony maintenance, a portable photosynthesis measurement system was used to measure the photosynthetic index of the potted peony plants throughout the day on sunny days.

[0051] according to Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 The results show that from 9:00 AM to 3:00 PM, the rate of CO2 consumption during photosynthesis is extremely fast, far exceeding the rate at which atmospheric CO2 diffuses into the leaves through stomata, leading to rapid depletion of CO2 within the leaves. When the intercellular CO2 concentration drops to a certain level, CO2 deficiency becomes the most critical factor limiting the photosynthetic rate. Therefore, this invention selects to supplement CO2 during the period from 9:00 AM to 3:00 PM, as this time of CO2 supplementation can most effectively convert the crop's photosynthetic potential into nutrients for plant growth.

[0052] Example 3: Based on Example 2, photosynthetic indicators of potted peonies were measured on sunny mornings from 9:00 to 11:00 AM during the rounding stage, budding stage, and full bloom stage. The rounding stage occurred approximately 50-60 days after the plants were placed in the greenhouse, and the budding stage occurred approximately 70-80 days after the plants were placed in the greenhouse.

[0053] according to Figure 11 The results showed that during the rounding and budding stages, the photosynthetic rate was high, consuming more CO2. The rate of carbon dioxide consumption far exceeded the rate of carbon dioxide absorption from the environment, resulting in a decrease in intercellular CO2 concentration in the leaves. Appropriate CO2 supplementation during these two periods can provide the plant with more "photosynthetic raw materials." Applying CO2 during the rounding stage helps promote leaf expansion and enhances photosynthetic capacity, accumulating more nutrients for subsequent bud development, flowering, and even flower bud differentiation. Applying CO2 during the budding stage can directly increase the photosynthetic rate, producing more carbohydrates and providing sufficient nutrients for flowering, leading to earlier flowering. Sufficient nutrients also result in larger, more vibrant, and longer-lasting flowers, significantly enhancing their ornamental value.

[0054] Example 4-12 Based on the optimal chilling requirement of Example 1, potted 'Luoyang Red' peonies, whose flower bud dormancy was broken through low-temperature treatment, were moved into a greenhouse. After entering the greenhouse, carbon dioxide was supplemented into the greenhouse during the peony's rounding and blossoming stages, for three consecutive days at each stage, from 9:00 to 15:00 each day. Other maintenance during the greenhouse period was the same as in Example 1. The concentration and timing of carbon dioxide supplementation for each example are shown in Table 3. Table 3. Carbon Dioxide Supplementation Amount and Timing in Examples 4-12 After flowering, the phenological stages were recorded, and morphological indicators such as plant height, crown width, number of flower buds, number of flowers, and length of new branches were measured and recorded. The results are shown in Tables 4 and 5. Figure 12-14As shown. The definitions of each indicator are as follows: Plant height: the vertical distance from the ground to the highest growth point; Crown width: the average of the maximum and minimum crown widths measured separately; New branch length: the distance from the base to the tip of all new branches; Flower diameter: the diameter of the fully opened flower; Flower height: the vertical distance from the calyx to the highest point of the petals. Flower and leaf color were measured using a colorimeter (center of the petals) under natural light, using the L, a, and b values. L represents brightness; a reflects the range from red to green, with a positive value indicating a reddish hue and a negative value indicating a greenish hue; b reflects the range from yellow to blue, with a positive value indicating a yellowish hue and a negative value indicating a bluish hue.

[0055] Table 4. Statistics on flowering phenotypic traits of potted peonies treated with different concentrations of carbon dioxide. Note: Different lowercase letters in the same column of the table indicate that the differences between different treatments are significant at the 0.05 level (P<0.05); data are mean ± standard deviation.

[0056] Table 5. Statistics on flowering and phenological periods of potted peonies treated with different concentrations of carbon dioxide. Comparing Table 5 and Table 1, the flowering time of the examples where carbon dioxide was supplemented twice, at the rounding peach stage and the budding stage, was advanced. The experiment shows that supplementing carbon dioxide during greenhouse cultivation can effectively promote peony flowering and shorten the cultivation time for forcing peonies. Among them, Example 12 (carbon dioxide concentration of 1200±100 PPM, two applications, supplemented at the rounding peach stage and the budding stage) performed best. It had the largest crown width, the longest branch length among all treatments, and the highest leaf color brightness. Figure 14 This reflects the excellent physiological state of the plant and the ornamental value of its leaves. Its flower diameter reached 15.63±1.65cm, and the flower height was 8.01±1.88cm (Table 4), indicating superior ornamental quality. Its blooming period was earlier than other treatments (Table 5). Figure 13 (It) can be launched to the market earliest and has extremely high commercial value.

[0057] The technical measures of this invention are based on the biological characteristics of breaking the dormancy of peony flower buds, which shortens the low-temperature cultivation time of peonies forcing cultivation during the Spring Festival, solving the problems of long cold storage treatment time, high energy consumption, and high cost in traditional methods. Moreover, the application of carbon dioxide after potting results in a high flowering rate, large flower buds, large flowers, pure flower color, lush branches and leaves, and earlier flowering period for peonies forcing cultivation during the Spring Festival, thereby improving the quality of peonies forcing cultivation during the Spring Festival and increasing economic benefits.

[0058] The above description of specific embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the technical concept and core idea of ​​the present invention. Although specific preferred embodiments have been used to describe and illustrate the technical solutions, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention itself. Those skilled in the art can make various changes in form and detail without departing from the technical concept of the present invention. These easily conceived changes or substitutions should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for shortening the cultivation time of peonies forcing cultivation during the Spring Festival, comprising selecting peony varieties with shallow dormancy characteristics in October of the previous year, potting the peony plants and placing them in a low-temperature environment for low-temperature treatment, and then transferring them to a greenhouse for maintenance, wherein the peony varieties are Luoyang Red, Tongyun, and Luhe Red, characterized in that: The method of low-temperature treatment is as follows: place the peony plants in a low-temperature cold storage at 0℃-4℃ for 23-26 days; during the greenhouse maintenance period, apply nitrogen fertilizer to the peony plants 1-2 times before the flower buds sprout; when the flower buds swell and the top cracks to reveal the buds, apply gibberellin to the young buds; apply balanced fertilizer to the peony plants 1-2 times before the bud formation period; and apply potassium fertilizer to the peony plants 1-2 times before flowering. After the peony plants are placed in the greenhouse for cultivation, carbon dioxide should be applied to the greenhouse for 3-5 consecutive days during the peonies' rounding and blossoming stages. The carbon dioxide application period should be from 9:00 to 15:00 each day, and the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse should reach 800-1200 PPM.

2. The method for shortening the cultivation time of forcing peonies during the Spring Festival as described in claim 1, characterized in that: When potting peony plants, the potting substrate should be a mixture of peat moss and perlite in a 4:1 weight ratio, with quicklime powder added and mixed evenly to achieve a pH of 6.8-7.

2.

3. The method for shortening the cultivation time of forcing peonies during the Spring Festival as described in claim 1, characterized in that: During greenhouse maintenance, the duration of sunlight exposure should be controlled to be more than 10 hours. If there is continuous cloudy or rainy / snowy weather, supplemental lighting should be used.

4. The method for shortening the cultivation time of forcing peonies during the Spring Festival as described in claim 1, characterized in that: During greenhouse maintenance, the temperature inside the greenhouse should be controlled at 8-20℃ in the early stage and gradually increased to 20-25℃ in the later stage, with the daily temperature difference controlled within 10℃.

5. The method for shortening the cultivation time of forcing peonies during the Spring Festival as described in claim 1, characterized in that: During greenhouse maintenance, the humidity inside the greenhouse is maintained at 75-85%.

6. The method for shortening the cultivation time of forcing peonies during the Spring Festival as described in claim 1, characterized in that: During greenhouse maintenance, water once every 7-10 days.

7. The method for shortening the cultivation time of forcing peonies during the Spring Festival as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The gibberellin concentration is 300-450 mg / L, and the gibberellin is applied to the young buds 1-2 times.

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