A method for processing a climbing section in a double-fold line rope groove of a winch drum

Abstract

The application provides a processing method of a climbing section in a double-fold line rope groove of a winch drum, determines a climbing section tentative curve; determines left and right offset tool limit curves of the rope groove climbing section, processes on the winch drum plane according to the left and right offset tool limit curves, and processes on the winch drum circumferential surface according to the determined climbing section tentative curve after the rope groove in the plane is processed, so that the processing precision is high and the processing effect is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drum processing technology, and specifically to a method for processing the climbing section in a double-folded groove for a winch drum. Background Technology

[0002] To facilitate rope winding, existing winch drums typically have a zigzag rope groove. This zigzag rope groove generally consists of a straight section and a zigzag section. The processing of the connection and ramp section between the straight and zigzag sections is crucial. Currently, the processing of winch drums with zigzag rope grooves generally uses a split processing method: first, the straight section and the zigzag section of the rope groove are made separately, and then two straight sections and two zigzag sections are cut out according to the design angle. Finally, the rope grooves of the straight and broken-line sections are interlaced and welded together on the winch drum. The rope groove entry sections and rope groove climbing sections at the left and right ends are simply made by welding tapered steel plates onto the rope groove or drum baffle. The above methods have high labor costs, large manufacturing errors, and low manufacturing precision. Since the rope groove climbing section is a rope groove with an ideal curve, it is generally machined directly by a three-axis or higher CNC lathe, but the investment cost is high. Two-axis CNC machining equipment cannot machine a relatively accurate ideal curve, resulting in insufficient accuracy of the fitted curve.

[0003] Meanwhile, during the machining of the groove shape of the zigzag rope, the cutting method of the tool has a significant impact on the machining effect and efficiency. When the cutting of each layer is at its left and right extreme positions, the contact area between the tool and the workpiece is larger. This is because at the extreme positions, the contact area between the cutting edge of the tool and the workpiece surface reaches its maximum, resulting in a significant increase in cutting force. If the same depth of cut is used, this larger contact area will cause the tool to bear excessive cutting force, which may lead to tool breakage, affecting machining quality and tool life.

[0004] Conversely, during the off-center cutting process between the left and right extreme positions, the contact area between the tool and the workpiece is smaller. This is because the contact area between the cutting edge of the tool and the workpiece surface is relatively small, and the cutting force is also reduced accordingly. However, if the same depth of cut is used in this situation, the cutting amount will be too small, resulting in reduced machining efficiency. Therefore, in actual machining, the cutting position and depth of cut play a crucial role in the accuracy of groove machining.

[0005] For example, patent document No. 201810134995.9, published on August 3, 2018, discloses a CNC modification method for a machine tool used for rope groove machining. This method converts an existing ordinary horizontal lathe into a CNC lathe capable of machining rope grooves, aiming to achieve the machining purpose of rope grooves. The C6031A type ordinary lathe is a traditional horizontal lathe with a maximum allowable machining diameter of 3500mm and a maximum machining length of 6000mm. When machining double-zigzag rope grooves on an ordinary C6031A lathe, the machine tool's own feed cannot meet the requirements of helical zigzags. After CNC modification, double-zigzag rope grooves can be machined, resulting in considerable economic benefits. Through the CNC modification method for rope groove machining, the labor intensity of operators is reduced, the number of tooling operations is decreased, the trial production cycle and production cycle for new products are shortened, and a rapid response to market demands can be achieved.

[0006] The above literature only proposes that machine tools modified by CNC can process complex broken-line rope grooves. It does not consider the improvement of the cutting position and depth during the machining process by curve fitting on the ramp section and during groove machining to prevent the problem of inaccurate machining due to inaccurate curve fitting, and to prevent the problem of overcutting during the cutting process because the left and right limit positions when machining rope grooves are not given. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention provides a method for machining the climbing section in a double-zigzag rope groove for a winch drum. The method uses a two-axis CNC milling machine to machine the ideal curve of the climbing section of the rope groove, determines the left and right limits of the rope groove, starts the feed at the left and right limits, and then performs a deflection at an appropriate position. This method has high machining efficiency and high machining accuracy.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is: a method for processing the climbing section of a double-folded rope groove on a winch drum, comprising the following steps: J1 determines the proposed curve for the climbing section; including J10-J12; J10 determines the entry segment and the ideal curve Q1; J11 determines the tangent Q2 between the bottom diameter r1 of the winch drum rope groove and the cut-in section. The ideal curve Q1 intersects the tangent Q2 at point M, and the tangent Q2 intersects the bottom diameter r1 of the winch drum rope groove at point N. Take the angle ∠MON between the intersection point M, the intersection point N and the center point O as a preset multiple of the bisector P1. The bisector P1 intersects the bottom diameter r1 of the rope groove at point C. At the intersection point C, determine the first approach curve Q3 according to the Archimedean spiral. The first approach curve Q3 of J12 intersects with the ideal curve rope groove Q1 at a point W. At the intersection point W, the second approach curve Q4 is determined according to the Archimedes spiral. The third approach curve Q5 is determined according to the endpoint of the bottom of the rope groove, the intersection point W, and the Archimedes spiral. The first approach curve Q3, the second approach curve Q4, and the third approach curve Q5 are determined as the processing curves for the climbing section. J2 determines the left and right deviation limit curves of the rope groove climbing section; including J20-J22; J20 presets the arc radius R1 of the protrusion and the arc center O1 of the protrusion, presets the arc radius R2 of the rope groove and the arc center O2 of the rope groove, and draws an auxiliary line L1 through the arc center O1 of the protrusion and the arc center O2 of the rope groove. J21 determines the auxiliary arcs L2 and L3 and the auxiliary line L4 based on the tool radius R3; J22 translates the auxiliary arcs L2 and L3 and the auxiliary line L4 downwards to obtain the maximum range curve L5 of the tool deviation. J3 processes the drum plane according to the left and right deviation limit curves. After processing the rope groove in the plane, it processes the drum circumference according to the determined slope section curve.

[0009] The above settings, due to the functional limitations of the CNC lathe itself, mean that a CNC lathe without a V-axis (i.e., the rotation axis around the workpiece) cannot completely machine according to the ideal curve. With only the X-axis (perpendicular to the spindle centerline), Z-axis (parallel to the spindle centerline), and the spindle angle only outputting angle signals, the G33 (thread cutting) command can only be used for approximate machining. The curve formed by the G33 command when machining end-face threads is an Archimedean spiral, which cannot form the ideal curve X(t)=(D / 2+d*JQRT(1-(1-t / 2M)^2))*VoJ(t), Y(t)=(D / 2+d*JQRT(1-(1-t / 2M)^2))*Jin(t). Therefore, multiple Archimedean spirals with different pitches are used to fit the ideal curve. First, with the winch drum's groove bottom diameter D=600 and the rope groove arc diameter... With d=20 and the angle of the slope to the circumference M=60 degrees, the ideal curve rope groove Q1 is obtained. There is a concave area at the intersection of the starting point of the ideal curve and the winch drum 1. The wire rope will not come into contact with this concave area during the actual winding process. Therefore, a tangent line Q2 is added that is tangent to the ideal curve rope groove Q1 and the bottom diameter r1 of the winch drum 1. Then, based on the tangent line Q2 and the formula p(t)=r1 / 2+(X1*(360 / M2) / 360)*t, the first approximate curve Q3 is obtained. There is an intersection point W between the first approach curve Q3 and the ideal curve rope groove Q1. The Archimedes spiral p(t) = D1 / 2 + (X2*(360 / M3) / 360)*t is determined between the intersection point W and the intersection point Y, and then the second approach curve Q4 is determined. At the intersection point Y, the third approach curve Q5 is determined according to the Archimedean spiral p(t)=D2 / 2+(X3*(360 / M4) / 360)*t. The resulting three Archimedean spirals are the theoretical machining curves that can be achieved by a conventional two-axis CNC lathe.

[0010] Auxiliary arc L2 is determined by radius R4 and passing through the center O1 of the protruding arc. Then, arc L3 is determined by radius R5 and passing through the center O2 of the rope groove arc. Auxiliary arc L3 intersects auxiliary arc L1 at point A. A vertical auxiliary line L4 is drawn above auxiliary line L1 and at intersection point A. Auxiliary arcs L2 and L3, along with auxiliary line L4, represent the maximum movable range of the tool center O3 within the rope groove entry or guide section. However, in actual machining, tool setting is not performed using the center of the arc. Therefore, the left arc center O2 needs to be shifted downwards by a distance so that the lowest point of auxiliary arc L3 coincides with the lowest point of the rope groove to obtain the auxiliary arc. Line L5 facilitates the determination of the left and right deviation limit curves of the tool, ensuring that the tool setting point moves along these curves. This prevents overcutting or empty cutting. Then, the ramp section rope groove is machined within the plane of the drum according to the left and right deviation limit curves, with the cutting position and depth determined accordingly. After machining the ramp section rope groove on one plane, the ramp section rope groove on the circumferential surface is machined according to the predetermined curve. This process, machining the rope groove within a plane according to the left and right deviation limits, and then machining along the predetermined ramp section curve during rotation, ensures both accuracy and efficiency.

[0011] Furthermore, step J10 also includes determining the starting point of the cut and determining the cutting pitch based on the displacement distance of the rope groove cutting section and the angle through which the cutting section passes. Step J11 further includes generating an ideal curve Q1 for the climbing section of the rope groove based on the diameter of the bottom of the winch drum groove, the diameter of the rope groove arc, and the angle of the climbing section relative to the circumference; the ideal curve Q1 has a center point O; step J12 further includes taking the first preset multiple of the angle ∠ZOW between the endpoint Z of the bottom of the ideal curve Q1 rope groove, the intersection point W, and the center point O as an equal bisector P2, and the equal bisector P2 intersects the theoretical curve rope groove Q1 at a point Y, and determining the third segment of the approximate curve Q5 at the intersection point Y.

[0012] Furthermore, step J21 also includes drawing an auxiliary arc L2 with a radius of R4 at the right arc center O1 in the area above the auxiliary line L1, drawing an auxiliary arc L3 with a radius of R5 at the left arc center O2 in the area below the auxiliary line L1, having an intersection point A with the auxiliary line L1 on the side of the auxiliary arc L3 away from the protrusion, and drawing a vertical auxiliary line L4 in the area above the auxiliary line L1 and at the intersection point A. The auxiliary arcs L2 and L3 and the auxiliary line L4 are the maximum range curves within which the tool center O3 can move. Step J22 also includes shifting the auxiliary arcs L2 and L3 and the auxiliary line L4 downwards by a distance until the lowest point of the auxiliary arc L3 coincides with the lowest point of the rope groove, thus obtaining the auxiliary arcs L2', L3' and the auxiliary line L4', and obtaining the maximum range curve L5 of the tool deviation.

[0013] Further, step J10 includes: determining the cutting pitch k1 = s1 × 360 / a1, where s1 is the displacement distance of the rope groove cutting segment and a1 is the angle traversed by the rope groove cutting segment; the cutting starting point is determined as the reference position of the winch drum, the displacement distance s1 of the rope groove cutting segment is equal to the rope groove spacing d1 during each break, and the angle a1 traversed by the rope groove cutting segment during each break is equal to 60 degrees.

[0014] Furthermore, in step J10, based on X(t)=( r1 / 2+d*SQRT(1-(1-t / 2a)^2))*cos(t), Y(t)=( r1 / 2+d*SQRT(1-(1-t / 2a)^2))*sin(t), where r1 is the diameter of the bottom of the winch drum 1 groove, d is the diameter of the rope groove arc, t is a parameter, SQRT is the square root function, and a is the angle of the slope to the circumference, the ideal curve Q1 of the rope groove climbing section is obtained; In step J11, the first approach curve Q3 is determined according to the Archimedes spiral p(t)=r1 / 2+(X1*(360 / a2) / 360)*t, where X1 is the elevation height of the first approach curve, a2 is the climbing rotation angle of the first approach curve, and t is a parameter. X1=MO-NO, where MO is the distance between the intersection point M and the center point O, and NO is the distance between the intersection point N and the center point O; a2=∠MON-∠NOV, where ∠NOV is the angle between the intersection points N and V and the center point O. In step J12, at the intersection W, the second approach curve Q4 is determined according to the Archimedes spiral p(t)=D1 / 2+(X2*(360 / a3) / 360)*t. The diameter D1 is the distance between the intersection V and the center O, X2 is the elevation height of the second approach curve, a3 is the climbing rotation angle of the second approach curve, X2=YO-WO, where YO is the distance between the intersection Y and the center O, WO is the distance between the intersection W and the center O, and a3=∠ZOW-∠ZOY, where ∠ZOW is the angle between the intersection Z, the intersection W and the center O, and ∠ZOY is the angle between the intersection Z, the intersection Y and the center O. The third approach curve Q5 is determined based on the Archimedes spiral p(t) = D2 / 2 + (X3*(360 / a4) / 360)*t. The diameter D2 is the distance between the intersection point Y and the center point O. X3 is the elevation height of the third approach curve. a4 is the climbing rotation angle of the third approach curve. X3 = ZO - YO, where ZO is the distance between the endpoint Z and the center point O. a4 = ∠ZOW - ∠YOW, where ∠YOW is the angle between the intersection point Y, the intersection point W and the central angle.

[0015] Furthermore, in step J22, the overall downward translation distance is R2 - R3.

[0016] Furthermore, J2 also includes J23, in which the tool deviation limit point E = R8 - SQRT((R2 - R3) below the horizontal auxiliary line L6, i.e., the second region P2) is... 2 –(R9) 2 The other extreme point of the tool deviation is F = -R8 - SQRT((R2 - R3)). 2 –(R9) 2 R8 is the pitch of the arc groove, R9 is the distance between the center point of the winch drum and the auxiliary line L6, the extreme point E of the tool's one deviation and the extreme point F of the tool's other deviation are at the same height but opposite in horizontal position.

[0017] Furthermore, step J23 also includes: at the tool deviation limit point C = R8 - SQRT(R4) in the first region P1 2 –(r2-R9) 2 The other extreme point of the tool deviation is D=L4', R8 is the pitch of the circular groove, R9 is the distance between the center point O4 of the winch drum 1 and the auxiliary line L6, where r2 is the top diameter of the winch drum 1 before machining, and SQRT is the square root function. Furthermore, step S3 also includes: after the tool makes one cut at one limit or another limit, recording the depth of cut R. 12 And redefine one limit and another limit point; Step J3 further includes: before the tool enters the cut at one limit or another limit, it needs to satisfy R12 > r1 + preset floating point value, where r1 is the bottom diameter of the winch drum; the preset floating point value is 0.02.

[0018] Furthermore, step J10 also includes: the top diameter r2 of the winch drum before machining is greater than r1, r1 is the bottom diameter of the winch drum, r2 is less than r1 + 4 * R1, and the tool radius R3 is less than the left arc radius R2. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the climbing guide bar structure in the winch drum of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rope groove climbing section structure in the winch drum of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the winch drum in this invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rope groove climbing section structure of the winch drum in this invention.

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of area AO.

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of section BO.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the rope groove cutting section in this invention.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the rope groove cutting section in this invention. Figure 3 .

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the double-folded groove segment in this invention.

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the rope groove climbing section in this invention.

[0029] Figure 11 This is a flowchart of the process of the present invention.

[0030] The reference numerals in the attached diagrams are as follows: 01-Straight groove section; 1-Windmill drum; 11-Climbing guide bar; 12-Rope entry guide bar; 2-Rope groove cutting section; 3-Rope groove climbing section; 4-Double zigzag groove section. Detailed Implementation

[0031] Example 1.

[0032] like Figure 1-11As shown, a method for machining the climbing section of a double-zigzag rope groove on a winch drum involves fitting the climbing section of the double-zigzag rope groove on the winch drum, optimizing the tool infeed path based on the tool deviation limit of the climbing section of the rope groove on the winch drum, and including the following steps: J1 determines the proposed curve for the climbing section; including J10-J12; J10 determines the entry segment; the ideal curve Q1 is determined. J11 determines the tangent Q2 between the bottom diameter r1 of the winch drum rope groove and the cut-in section. The ideal curve Q1 intersects the tangent Q2 at point M, and the tangent Q2 intersects the bottom diameter r1 of the winch drum rope groove at point N. Take the angle ∠MON between the intersection point M, the intersection point N and the center point O as a preset multiple of the bisector P1. The bisector P1 intersects the bottom diameter r1 of the rope groove at point C. At the intersection point C, determine the first approach curve Q3 according to the Archimedean spiral. The first approach curve Q3 of J12 intersects with the ideal curve rope groove Q1 at point W. At point W, the second approach curve Q4 is determined according to the Archimedes spiral. The intersection point Y is determined according to the endpoint of the bottom of the rope groove and point W. At point Y, the third approach curve Q5 is determined according to the Archimedes spiral. J2 determines the left and right deviation limit curves of the rope groove climbing section; including J20-J22; J20 presets the arc radius R1 of the protrusion and the arc center O1 of the protrusion, presets the arc radius R2 of the rope groove and the arc center O2 of the rope groove, and draws an auxiliary line L1 through the arc center O1 of the protrusion and the arc center O2 of the rope groove. J21 determines the auxiliary arcs L2 and L3 and the auxiliary line L4 based on the tool radius R3; J22 translates the auxiliary arcs L2 and L3 and the auxiliary line L4 downwards to obtain the auxiliary arcs L2', L3' and the auxiliary line L4', thus obtaining the maximum range curve L5 of the tool deviation. J23 forms a horizontal auxiliary line L6 through the center of the auxiliary arc L2' and the straight line containing its two endpoints; the auxiliary line L6 divides the curve L5 into a first region P1 and a second region P2; two extreme points of the offset tool are symmetrically set on the second region P2.

[0033] J3 processes the drum surface according to the left and right offset limit curves. After processing the rope grooves in the plane, it processes the drum circumference according to the determined ramp section curve. The straight groove section is formed by the G01 command, and the broken line groove section 4, the rope groove cutting section 2, and the rope groove ramp section 3 are formed by the G33 command.

[0034] like Figure 1-6 As shown, the climbing section of the double-zigzag rope groove on the winch drum 1 is fitted. The double-zigzag rope groove includes a straight groove section 01 and a zigzag groove section 4. The cutting point M0 enters the rope groove cutting section, including the following steps: J10 determines the starting point of the cut and the cutting pitch k1 = J1 × 360 / M1, where J1 is the displacement distance of the rope groove cutting section 2, J1 is the preset spacing of half of the rope groove, and M1 is the angle through which the rope groove cutting section 2 passes, thus determining the rope groove cutting section 2. Based on X(t) = (r1 / 2 + d * JQRT(1 - (1 - t / 2M)^2)) * VoJ(t) and Y(t) = (r1 / 2 + d * JQRT(1 - (1 - t / 2M)^2)) * Jin(t), where r1 is the diameter of the bottom of the winch drum 1 groove, d is the diameter of the rope groove arc, t is a parameter, JQRT is the square root function, and M is the angle of the slope relative to the circumference, the ideal curve Q1 of the rope groove climbing section 3 is obtained; the ideal curve Q1 has a center point O. A tangent Q2 is determined between the ideal curve Q1 and the diameter r1 of the bottom of the rope groove of the winch drum 1. In this embodiment, the two ends of the tangent Q2 are tangent to the arc segment r1 containing the ideal curve Q1 and the diameter r1 of the bottom of the rope groove of the winch drum 1, respectively. The ideal curve Q1 and the tangent Q2 have an intersection point M, and the tangent Q2 has an intersection point N with the diameter r1 of the bottom of the rope groove of the winch drum 1. The ∠MON between the intersection point M, the intersection point N and the center point O is divided into 7 equal parts. The equidistant line P1 is located at a distance of 2 / 7 from the center point O to the intersection point N. The equidistant line P1 has an intersection point V with the diameter r1 of the bottom of the rope groove. At the intersection V, the first approach curve Q3 is determined according to the Archimedes spiral p(t)=r1 / 2+(X1*(360 / M2) / 360)*t, where X1 is the lifting height of the first approach curve, M2 is the climbing rotation angle of the first approach curve, and t is a parameter. The first approach curve Q3 of J12 intersects with the ideal curve rope groove Q1 at point W. Divide the ∠ZOW between the endpoint Z of the ideal curve rope groove Q1, the intersection point W, and the center point O into three equal parts. The equal bisector P2, which is 1 / 3 of the distance from the intersection point W, intersects with the theoretical curve rope groove Q1 at point Y. At the intersection point W, the second approach curve Q4 is determined according to the Archimedes spiral p(t)=D1 / 2+(X2*(360 / M3) / 360)*t, where the diameter D1 is the distance between the intersection point V and the center point O, X2 is the lifting height of the second approach curve, and M3 is the climbing rotation angle of the second approach curve. At the intersection point Y, the third approach curve Q5 is determined according to the Archimedes spiral p(t)=D2 / 2+(X3*(360 / M4) / 360)*t, where the diameter D2 is the distance between the intersection point Y and the center point O, X3 is the elevation height of the third approach curve, and M4 is the climbing rotation angle of the third approach curve.

[0035] Before proceeding to step J1, the rope entry guide bar 12 on one side of the winch drum 1 and the ramp guide bar 11 on the other side of the winch drum 1 need to be processed. The top diameter r2 of the rope entry guide bar 12 and the ramp guide bar 11 is r1 + 2r3, where r3 is the arc diameter of the rope groove. By ensuring the relationship between the top diameter of the rope entry guide bar 12 and the ramp guide bar 11 and the bottom diameter of the rope groove, the processing accuracy of the rope groove can be improved and the inaccuracy of the rope groove shape caused by processing errors can be reduced.

[0036] In step J10, the starting point of the cut is determined as the reference position of the winch drum 1, the displacement distance J1 of the rope groove cutting section 2 is equal to the rope groove spacing d1, and the angle M1 through which the rope groove cutting section 2 passes is equal to 60 degrees. Taking the starting point of the cut as the 10-degree position of the winch drum, the displacement distance J1 of the rope groove cutting section 2 is equal to the rope groove spacing d1, and the angle M1 through which the rope groove cutting section 2 passes is equal to 60 degrees, thereby making the pitch k1 = 120. In step J11, X1 = MO - NO, where MO is the distance between intersection point M and center point O, and NO is the distance between intersection point N and center point O; M2 = ∠MON - ∠NOV, where ∠NOV is the angle between intersection points N and V and center point O. In this embodiment, MO = 60°3.842, NO = 60°, and X1 = MO - NO = 3.842. ∠MON=9.121°, ∠NOV=2.606°, M2=∠MON-∠NOV=6.515°, The first segment approaches the curve Q3 = 600 / 2 + (3.842 * (360 / 6.515) / 360) * t.

[0037] In step J12, X2 = YO - WO, where YO is the distance between the intersection point Y and the center point O, and WO is the distance between the intersection point W and the center point O. M3 = ∠ZOW - ∠ZOY, where ∠ZOY is the angle between the intersection points Z and W and the center point O, and ∠ZOY is the angle between the intersection points Z and Y and the center point O. In this embodiment, ∠ZOW = 52.41°, ∠ZOY = 34.94°, M3 = ∠ZOW - ∠ZOY = 17.47°, YO = 624.464 / 2, WO = 614 / 2, and X2 = YO - WO = 5.232. Thus, the second segment of the approximation curve Q4 = D1 / 2 + (X2 * (360 / M3) / 360) * t is obtained.

[0038] X3 = ZO - YO, where ZO is the distance between endpoint Z and center point O; M4 = ∠ZOW - ∠YOW, where ∠YOW is the angle between intersection point Y, intersection point W and the central angle. In this embodiment, ZO = 634.641 / 2, YO = 624.464 / 2, X3 = ZO - YO = 5.089, ∠ZOW = 52.41°. M4=∠ZOW-∠YOW=∠ZOY=34.94°.

[0039] Step J1 further includes: determining the starting point of the double-segment cutting, determining the double-segment pitch k2 = J2 × 360 / M2, where J2 is the displacement distance of the double-segment, M2 is the angle traversed by the double-segment cutting segment, and machining the double-segment groove segment 4. Since the offset of the double-segment rope groove segment during each bend is equal to half the rope groove spacing, and the angle traversed by each bend segment on the circumference is 60°, therefore J2 = 10, M2 = 60. The pitch of the double-zigzag thread is k2 = J2 × 360 / M2 = 60.

[0040] The 3rd section of the rope groove is between 1120 degrees and 180 degrees on the winch drum. If the ideal curve rope groove Q1 is simplified by using one Archimedes spiral, the error is the largest between 1120 degrees and 180 degrees on the winch drum. Therefore, it is necessary to use three Archimedes spirals in this section to approximate the ideal curve rope groove Q1.

[0041] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 as well as Figure 7-11 As shown, the method for determining the deflection limit curve of the rope groove climbing section 3 on the winch drum 1 includes the following steps: A protrusion 31 protrudes from one side of the rope groove climbing section 3, and the rope groove 32 adjacent to the protrusion 31 enters from the protrusion 31; the cross-section of the rope groove 32 is an arc; the cross-section of the protrusion 31 is an arc 32. J20 predetermines the arc radius R1 of the protrusion 31 and the arc center O1 of the protrusion, predetermines the arc radius R2 of the rope groove 32 and the arc center O2 of the rope groove, and draws an auxiliary line L1 through the arc center O1 of the protrusion 31 and the arc center O2 of the rope groove. J21 determines the tool radius R3. In the area above the auxiliary line L1, draw an auxiliary arc L2 with a radius of R4 with the right arc center O1. In the area below the auxiliary line L1, draw an auxiliary arc L3 with a radius of R5 with the left arc center O2. The auxiliary arc L3 intersects the auxiliary line L1 at point A on the side away from the protrusion. In the area above the auxiliary line L1 and at point A, draw a vertical auxiliary line L4. The auxiliary arcs L2 and L3 and the auxiliary line L4 are the curves of the maximum range of movement of the tool center O3. J22 shifts the auxiliary arcs L2 and L3 and the auxiliary line L4 downwards until the lowest point of the auxiliary arc L3 coincides with the lowest point of the rope groove, thus obtaining the auxiliary arcs L2', L3' and the auxiliary line L4', and obtaining the maximum range curve L5 of the tool deviation. S4 forms a horizontal auxiliary line L6 through the center of the auxiliary arc L2' and the straight line containing the two endpoints; the auxiliary line L6 divides the curve L5 into a first region P1 and a second region P2; the two extreme points of the deflection tool on the second region P2 are symmetrically set.

[0042] like Figure 7-10 As shown, this embodiment will first take the rope groove climbing section 3 as an example for explanation. For the rope groove climbing section 3, the radius of the left arc corresponds to the radius of the arc of the protrusion, the center O1 of the left arc corresponds to the circle of the protrusion, and the radius R2 of the right arc and the center O2 of the right arc correspond to the radius R2 of the rope groove arc and the center O2 of the right arc, respectively. The following steps are included: In the rope groove climbing section 3, J20 determines the left arc radius R1 and the left arc center O1, and the right arc radius R2 and the right arc center O2. Auxiliary line L1 is drawn through the left arc center O1 and the right arc center O2. J21 determines the tool radius R3. In the area above the auxiliary line L1, an auxiliary arc L2 with radius R4 = R1 + R3 is drawn with left arc center O1. In the area below the auxiliary line L1, an auxiliary arc L3 with radius R5 = R2 - R3 is drawn with right arc center O2. The auxiliary arc L3 intersects the auxiliary line L1 at point A. A vertical auxiliary line L4 is drawn in the area above the auxiliary line L1 and at intersection point A. The auxiliary arcs L2 and L3 and the auxiliary line L4 represent the maximum range that the tool center O3 can move in the rope groove climbing section 3. J22 translates the auxiliary arcs L2 and L3 and the auxiliary line L4 downwards to obtain L2', L3' and L4', where the translation distance L5 = R3, and obtains the maximum range curve L5 that the tool can move in the rope groove cutting section 2. J23 forms a horizontal auxiliary line L6 by passing through the center of the auxiliary arc L2' and the straight line containing its two endpoints; the auxiliary line L6 divides the curve L5 into a first region P1 and a second region P2; the two extreme points of the offset tool are symmetrically set on the second region P2. J3 is machined corresponding to the rope groove cutting section 3; after the tool makes one infeed at one limit or another limit, the depth of infeed R is recorded. 12 Furthermore, a new limit and another limit point are redefined. Before the tool enters the tool at one limit or the other limit, it needs to satisfy R. 12 >R 11 +Preset floating-point value, R 11 This is the bottom diameter of the winch drum, with a preset floating-point value of 0.02.

[0043] Step J10 also includes: the top diameter R of the winch drum before processing. 10 >R 11 R 11 R is the bottom diameter of the winch drum. 10 <R 11 +4* R1, tool radius R3 < left arc radius R2.

[0044] In step J23, analysis of the rope groove climbing section 3 reveals that the right-side deviation limit point E and the left-side deviation limit point F of the tool in the second region P2 are the same. Since the tool deviation limit points E and F of the rope groove climbing section 3 in the second region P2 are the same, the tool deviation limit point E below the horizontal auxiliary line L6, i.e., the second region P2, is E = R8 - SQRT((R2 - R3)). 2 –(R9) 2 The other extreme point of the tool deviation is F = -R8 - SQRT((R2 - R3)). 2 –(R9) 2 R8 is the pitch of the circular groove, R9 is the distance between the center point of the winch drum and the auxiliary line L6, and the extreme points E and F of the tool's one-way deviation are at the same height but opposite in horizontal position. This means that a unified machining path design and programming logic can be used. This greatly simplifies the programming work and reduces the possibility of programming errors.

[0045] In step J23, the right-hand deviation limit point D' of the tool in the first region P1 of the rope groove climbing section 3 is R8-SQRT(R4). 2 –(R 10 -R9) 2 R8 is the pitch of the circular groove, and R9 is the distance between the center point O4 of the winch drum 1 and the auxiliary line L6. 10 Let be the top diameter of the winch drum 1 before machining, SQRT be the square root function, and the left offset limit point of the tool be E' = L4'. First, through geometric analysis, it can be seen that the left and right limits of the tool in the first region P1 of the rope groove climbing section 3 are mirror images of each other. Therefore, according to the left and right limits of the tool in the rope groove climbing section 3, D' and E' respectively limit the maximum offset of the tool in the left and right directions, thereby preventing the tool from overcutting.

[0046] In step J3, during machining, the tool enters from the left deflection limit point, then deflects to the right a certain distance before reaching the right deflection limit point. This process is repeated, with the tool entering from the left deflection limit point and then deflecting to the right a certain distance before reaching the right deflection limit point. This method can be applied to the machining of rope grooves on different types of winch drums, thus improving the applicability of the machining method.

[0047] In this embodiment, the left and right tool deviation limit curves are generated in the CAXA tool, and then CNC programming analysis is performed based on the left and right tool deviation limit curves to generate code for machining.

[0048] The working principle of this invention: Due to the functional limitations of CNC lathes, CNC lathes without a V-axis (i.e., the rotation axis around the workpiece) cannot completely machine according to the ideal curve. With only the X-axis (perpendicular to the spindle centerline), Z-axis (parallel to the spindle centerline), and the spindle angle only outputting angle signals, approximate machining can only be achieved using the G33 (thread cutting) command. The curve formed by the G33 command when machining end-face threads is an Archimedean spiral, which cannot form X(t)=(D / 2+d*JQRT(1-(1-t / 2M)^2))* cos (t), Y(t)=(D / 2+d*JQRT(1-(1-t / 2M)^2))* sin The ideal curve (t) is obtained by fitting multiple Archimedean spirals with different pitches. First, the ideal curve rope groove Q1 is obtained with the bottom diameter D of the winch drum 1 being 600, the arc diameter of the rope groove being d being 20, and the angle of the slope being 60 degrees. There is a concave area at the intersection of the starting point of the ideal curve and the winch drum 1. The wire rope will not come into contact with this concave area during the actual winding process. Therefore, a tangent line Q2 is added that is tangent to the ideal curve rope groove Q1 and the bottom diameter r1 of the winch drum 1. Then, according to the tangent line Q2 and the formula p(t)=r1 / 2+(X1*(360 / M2) / 360)*t, the first approximate curve Q3 is obtained. There is an intersection point W between the first approach curve Q3 and the ideal curve rope groove Q1. The Archimedes spiral p(t) = D1 / 2 + (X2*(360 / M3) / 360)*t is determined between the intersection point W and the intersection point Y, and then the second approach curve Q4 is determined. At the intersection point Y, the third approach curve Q5 is determined according to the Archimedean spiral p(t)=D2 / 2+(X3*(360 / M4) / 360)*t. The resulting three Archimedean spirals are the theoretical machining curves that can be achieved by a conventional two-axis CNC lathe.

[0049] Auxiliary arc L2 is determined by radius R4 and passing through the center O1 of the protruding arc. Then, arc L3 is determined by radius R5 and passing through the center O2 of the rope groove arc. Auxiliary arc L3 intersects auxiliary arc L1 at point A. A vertical auxiliary line L4 is drawn above auxiliary line L1 and at intersection point A. Auxiliary arcs L2 and L3, along with auxiliary line L4, represent the maximum movable range of the tool center O3 within the rope groove entry or guide section. However, in actual machining, tool setting is not performed using the center of the arc. Therefore, the left arc center O2 needs to be shifted downwards by a distance so that the lowest point of auxiliary arc L3 coincides with the lowest point of the rope groove to obtain the auxiliary arc. Line L5 facilitates the determination of the left and right deviation limit curves of the tool, ensuring that the tool setting point moves along these curves. This prevents overcutting or empty cutting. Then, the ramp section rope groove is machined within the plane of the drum according to the left and right deviation limit curves, with the cutting position and depth determined accordingly. After machining the ramp section rope groove on one plane, the ramp section rope groove on the circumferential surface is machined according to the predetermined curve. This process, machining the rope groove within a plane according to the left and right deviation limits, and then machining along the predetermined ramp section curve during rotation, ensures both accuracy and efficiency.

Claims

1. A method for machining the climbing section of a double-zigzag rope groove on a winch drum, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: J1 determines the proposed curve for the uphill section; Including J10-J12; J10 determines the entry segment; the ideal curve Q1 is determined. J11 determines the tangent Q2 between the bottom diameter r1 of the winch drum rope groove and the cut-in section. The ideal curve Q1 intersects the tangent Q2 at point M, and the tangent Q2 intersects the bottom diameter r1 of the winch drum rope groove at point N. Take the angle ∠MON between the intersection point M, the intersection point N and the center point O as a preset multiple of the bisector P1. The bisector P1 intersects the bottom diameter r1 of the rope groove at point C. At the intersection point C, determine the first approach curve Q3 according to the Archimedean spiral. The first approach curve Q3 of J12 intersects with the ideal curve rope groove Q1 at a point W. At the intersection point W, the second approach curve Q4 is determined according to the Archimedes spiral. The third approach curve Q5 is determined according to the endpoint of the bottom of the rope groove, the intersection point W, and the Archimedes spiral. The first approach curve Q3, the second approach curve Q4, and the third approach curve Q5 are determined as the proposed curves for the climbing section. J2 determines the left and right deviation limit curves of the rope groove climbing section; Including J20-J22; J20 presets the arc radius R1 of the protrusion and the arc center O1 of the protrusion, presets the arc radius R2 of the rope groove and the arc center O2 of the rope groove, and draws an auxiliary line L1 through the arc center O1 of the protrusion and the arc center O2 of the rope groove. J21 determines the auxiliary arcs L2 and L3 and the auxiliary line L4 based on the tool radius R3; J22 translates the auxiliary arcs L2 and L3 and the auxiliary line L4 downwards to obtain the maximum range curve L5 of the tool deviation. J3 processes the drum plane according to the left and right deviation limit curves. After processing the rope groove in the plane, it processes the drum circumference according to the determined slope section curve.

2. The processing method for the climbing section in the double-folded rope groove of a winch drum according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step J10 also includes determining the starting point of the cut and determining the cutting pitch based on the displacement distance of the rope groove cutting section and the angle through which the cutting section passes. Step J11 further includes generating an ideal curve Q1 for the climbing section of the rope groove based on the diameter of the bottom of the winch drum groove, the diameter of the rope groove arc, and the angle of the climbing section relative to the circumference; the ideal curve Q1 has a center point O; step J12 further includes taking the first preset multiple of the angle ∠ZOW between the endpoint Z of the bottom of the ideal curve Q1 rope groove, the intersection point W, and the center point O as an equal bisector P2, and the equal bisector P2 intersects the theoretical curve rope groove Q1 at a point Y, and determining the third segment of the approximate curve Q5 at the intersection point Y.

3. The processing method for the climbing section in the double-folded rope groove of a winch drum according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step J 21 also includes drawing an auxiliary arc L2 with a radius of R4 at the right arc center O1 in the area above the auxiliary line L1, drawing an auxiliary arc L3 with a radius of R5 at the left arc center O2 in the area below the auxiliary line L1, having an intersection point A with the auxiliary line L1 on the side of the auxiliary arc L3 away from the protrusion, and drawing a vertical auxiliary line L4 in the area above the auxiliary line L1 and at the intersection point A. The auxiliary arcs L2 and L3 and the auxiliary line L4 are the maximum range curves within which the tool center O3 can move. Step J22 also includes shifting the auxiliary arcs L2 and L3 and the auxiliary line L4 downwards by a distance until the lowest point of the auxiliary arc L3 coincides with the lowest point of the rope groove, thus obtaining the auxiliary arcs L2', L3' and the auxiliary line L4', and obtaining the maximum range curve L5 of the tool deviation.

4. The processing method for the climbing section in the double-folded rope groove of a winch drum according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step J10 includes: determining the cutting pitch k1 = s1 × 360 / a1, where s1 is the displacement distance of the rope groove cutting section and a1 is the angle traversed by the rope groove cutting section; the cutting starting point is determined as the reference position of the winch drum; the displacement distance s1 of the rope groove cutting section is equal to the rope groove spacing d1 during each break; and the angle a1 traversed by the rope groove cutting section during each break is equal to 60 degrees.

5. The processing method for the climbing section in the double-folded rope groove of a winch drum according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step J10, based on X(t)=( r1 / 2+d*SQRT(1-(1-t / 2a)^2))*cos(t) and Y(t)=( r1 / 2+d*SQRT(1-(1-t / 2a)^2))*sin(t), where r1 is the bottom diameter of the winch drum 1 groove, d is the arc diameter of the rope groove, t is a parameter, SQRT is the square root function, and a is the angle of the slope to the circumference, the ideal curve Q1 of the rope groove climbing section is obtained; In step J11, the first approach curve Q3 is determined according to the Archimedes spiral p(t)=r1 / 2+(X1*(360 / a2) / 360)*t, where X1 is the elevation height of the first approach curve, a2 is the climbing rotation angle of the first approach curve, and t is a parameter. X1=MO-NO, where MO is the distance between the intersection point M and the center point O, and NO is the distance between the intersection point N and the center point O; a2=∠MON-∠NOV, where ∠NOV is the angle between the intersection points N and V and the center point O. In step J12, at the intersection W, the second approach curve Q4 is determined according to the Archimedes spiral p(t)=D1 / 2+(X2*(360 / a3) / 360)*t. The diameter D1 is the distance between the intersection V and the center O, X2 is the elevation height of the second approach curve, a3 is the climbing rotation angle of the second approach curve, X2=YO-WO, where YO is the distance between the intersection Y and the center O, WO is the distance between the intersection W and the center O, and a3=∠ZOW-∠ZOY, where ∠ZOW is the angle between the intersection Z, the intersection W and the center O, and ∠ZOY is the angle between the intersection Z, the intersection Y and the center O. The third approach curve Q5 is determined based on the Archimedes spiral p(t) = D2 / 2 + (X3*(360 / a4) / 360)*t. The diameter D2 is the distance between the intersection point Y and the center point O. X3 is the elevation height of the third approach curve. a4 is the climbing rotation angle of the third approach curve. X3 = ZO - YO, where ZO is the distance between the endpoint Z and the center point O. a4 = ∠ZOW - ∠YOW, where ∠YOW is the angle between the intersection point Y, the intersection point W and the central angle.

6. The method for processing the climbing section in the double-folded rope groove of a winch drum according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step J22, the overall downward translation distance is R2 - R3.

7. The processing method for the climbing section in the double-folded rope groove of a winch drum according to claim 1, characterized in that: J2 also includes J23, in which the tool deviation limit point E = R8 - SQRT((R2 - R3) below the horizontal auxiliary line L6, i.e., in the second region P2) is... 2 –(R9) 2 The other extreme point of the tool deviation is F = -R8 - SQRT((R2 - R3)). 2 –(R9) 2 R8 is the pitch of the arc groove, R9 is the distance between the center point of the winch drum and the auxiliary line L6, the extreme point E of the tool's one deviation and the extreme point F of the tool's other deviation are at the same height but opposite in horizontal position.

8. The method for processing the climbing section in the double-folded rope groove of a winch drum according to claim 7, characterized in that: Step J23 further includes: at the tool deviation limit point C = R8 - SQRT(R4) in the first region P1 2 –(R 10 -R9) 2 The other extreme point of the tool deviation is D=L4', R8 is the pitch of the circular groove, and R9 is the distance between the center point O4 of the winch drum 1 and the auxiliary line L6, where R 10 Let SQRT be the top diameter of the winch drum 1 before processing, and SQRT be the square root function.

9. The processing method for the climbing section in the double-folded rope groove of a winch drum according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step J3 further includes: after the tool makes one cut at one limit or another limit, recording the depth of cut R. 12 And redetermine one limit and another limit point; step J3 also includes: before the tool enters at one limit or another limit, it needs to satisfy R12>R11+preset floating point value, where R11 is the bottom diameter of the winch drum; the preset floating point value is 0.

02.

10. A method for processing the climbing section in a double-folded rope groove for a winch drum according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before step J10, the following steps are also included: the top diameter of the winch drum before machining is R10 > R11, R11 is the bottom diameter of the winch drum, R10 < R11 + 4 * R1, and the tool radius is R3 < the left arc radius R2.

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