A high-speed fully automatic plastic bottle depalletizing device

Abstract

This invention discloses a high-speed fully automatic plastic bottle depalletizing device, relating to the field of plastic bottle depalletizing technology. It includes a feeding conveyor assembly, a discharging conveyor assembly, a depalletizing mechanism, and a scissor-lift assembly. The feeding and discharging conveyor assemblies are arranged vertically in a T-shape. The scissor-lift assembly is positioned below the depalletizing station to support and lift the plastic bottle stacks. The depalletizing mechanism includes a fixing frame, a clamping assembly, and a gripping assembly. A guide rail assembly is provided above the fixing frame. This invention addresses the problem in existing technologies where airflow disturbances generated during rapid lifting of the partition plates during automated plastic bottle depalletizing can easily cause lightweight bottles to sway or tip over, directly affecting the stability and efficiency of depalletizing. This invention integrates the gripping assembly, clamping assembly, and speed control assembly, achieving efficient separation and transfer of the partition plates and bottles, and solving the problem of bottle tipping caused by airflow disturbances.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plastic bottle depalletizing technology, and in particular to a high-speed fully automatic plastic bottle depalletizing device. Background Technology

[0002] In the large-scale production and filling process of plastic bottles, stacks of plastic bottles transported and stored in bulk need to be destacking before use, that is, converting them into single-row sequential entry into subsequent production lines such as labeling and filling. Traditional destacking operations rely heavily on manual labor, which is inefficient and labor-intensive. To improve efficiency, automated destacking devices have emerged. These devices typically transport stacks of bottles to the destacking station via a feeding conveyor belt, where a dedicated clamping mechanism separates the plastic bottles layer by layer and transfers them to the discharge conveyor belt.

[0003] In existing technologies, when the partition is lifted vertically, it is easy to generate airflow disturbance. The air below is rapidly compressed and flows out at high speed through the gap, while the low-pressure area above will cause air to be replenished. The resulting turbulent airflow will impact the lighter plastic bottles, causing the bottles to shake or even the entire layer to tip over, affecting the stability and efficiency of destabilization.

[0004] To address the above technical problems, this invention discloses a high-speed fully automatic plastic bottle depalletizing device. This invention has the advantages of achieving efficient separation and transfer of the partition and the bottle body by integrating a clamping component, a gripping component, and a speed regulating component, thus solving the problem of bottle tipping caused by airflow disturbance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a high-speed fully automatic plastic bottle depalletizing device to solve the technical problems in the prior art, such as the airflow disturbance generated when the partition is lifted rapidly during the automatic depalletizing process of plastic bottles, which easily causes the lightweight bottle body to shake or tip over, directly affecting the stability and efficiency of depalletizing. This invention has the advantages of achieving efficient separation and transfer of the partition and the bottle body by integrating clamping components, gripping components and speed adjustment components, and solving the problem of bottle tipping caused by airflow disturbance.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: This invention discloses a high-speed fully automatic plastic bottle depalletizing device, including a feeding conveyor assembly, a discharging conveyor assembly, a depalletizing mechanism, and a scissor-type lifting assembly; the feeding conveyor assembly and the discharging conveyor assembly are arranged vertically in a T-shape, and the scissor-type lifting assembly is located below the depalletizing station to support and lift the plastic bottle stack; the depalletizing mechanism includes a fixed frame, a clamping assembly, and a gripping assembly, and a guide rail assembly is provided above the fixed frame. The clamping assembly and the gripping assembly are both installed on the movable part of the guide rail assembly and can move between the depalletizing station and above the discharging conveyor assembly.

[0007] Furthermore, the clamping assembly includes a crossbeam, a clamping push rod, a connecting rod, a rotating shaft, and a clamping plate; the crossbeam is connected to the movable part of the guide rail assembly; the rotating shaft is rotatably disposed at the front and rear ends of the crossbeam, and a fixing rod is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft; the clamping plate is fixedly connected to the end of the fixing rod; the cylinder of the clamping push rod is hinged to the crossbeam, and its telescopic rod is movably connected to the rotating shaft through a connecting rod.

[0008] Furthermore, side clamping assemblies are provided on both sides of the cross frame; the side clamping assemblies include connecting beams, side clamping push rods and side clamping plates; the connecting beams are fixed to both sides of the cross frame, the cylinders of the side clamping push rods are installed at the bottom of the connecting beams, their telescopic rods are fixedly connected to the side clamping plates, and the telescopic rods of the side clamping push rods on both sides are arranged facing each other.

[0009] Furthermore, the clamping assembly includes a connecting frame, a fixed plate, a lifting push rod, a clamping frame, side support plates, and side support push rods; the connecting frame is connected to the movable part of the guide rail assembly, and the fixed plate is fixed to one end of the connecting frame; the cylinder of the lifting push rod is mounted on the fixed plate, and its telescopic rod is connected to the clamping frame; the side support plates on both sides below the clamping frame are driven by the side support push rods and can move in opposite directions.

[0010] Furthermore, the side support plate has an L-shaped structure, including a vertical plate and a horizontal plate.

[0011] Furthermore, a speed regulating component is provided between the lifting push rod and the clamping frame; the speed regulating component includes a speed regulating cylinder, a limiting guide rail and a lifting rod; one end of the lifting rod is connected to the clamping frame, and the other end is connected to the movable end of the speed regulating cylinder through the movable part of the limiting guide rail.

[0012] Furthermore, the speed regulating cylinder includes a cylinder body, a piston disc, a telescopic rod, and a return spring; the piston disc is slidably disposed in the inner cavity of the cylinder body and is fixedly connected to the telescopic rod, the top end of the telescopic rod extends out of the cylinder body and is fixed with an end plate; The reset spring is sleeved on the section of the telescopic rod located outside the cylinder body and is pre-pressed between the top wall of the cylinder body and the end plate.

[0013] Furthermore, a small-diameter through hole is longitudinally provided on the piston disc, and a one-way valve hole is also provided.

[0014] Furthermore, a rotating sleeve is elastically rotatably fitted onto the top of the telescopic rod outside the cylinder body via a torsion spring. The top of the rotating sleeve passes through a sliding hole opened on the end plate and extends to the top of the end plate. A stop block is installed radially elastically on the outer circumferential wall above the end plate. The upper surface of the stop block is inclined and the lower surface is flat. A stop bar is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the rotating sleeve below the end plate and coaxial with the stop block. The stop block and the stop bar restrict the end plate in the middle in the axial direction. The inner wall of the sliding hole is radially provided with a clearance groove for the stop block, and the clearance groove and the stop block are normally offset in the circumferential direction. A wedge block is provided directly above the rotating sleeve. The wedge block is composed of two wedge block disks, one upper and one lower. The two wedge block disks have wedge blocks arranged in a circumferential array on their facing sides. The upper wedge block disk is fixedly connected to the fixing plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the spacer plate has a porous structure.

[0016] The present invention has the following advantages: (1) This invention employs a porous partition and combines it with a "slow then fast" lifting strategy controlled by a speed-regulating cylinder. In the critical initial lifting stage, the partition rises slowly under the hydraulic resistance generated by the speed-regulating cylinder, significantly reducing the turbulent airflow caused by the piston effect, thereby effectively preventing lightweight empty bottles from shaking or tipping over due to airflow impact. Once the partition is safely separated from the bottle stack, the system switches to rapid lifting, ensuring overall operational efficiency.

[0017] (2) This invention improves the stability of the processing and the protection of the object by using a combination of clamping and lifting. To address the problem that soft, thin partitions are prone to bending and deformation during lateral clamping and may scratch the bottle, the clamping assembly uses an L-shaped side support plate. Its transverse plate can extend under the partition during clamping, allowing the partition to be moved primarily by supporting force rather than simply by lateral clamping force, thus avoiding partition deformation and achieving non-destructive removal. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing frame structure of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point B; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the clamp assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the speed regulating component structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the speed regulating cylinder of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point C; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating sleeve structure of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Destacking mechanism; 2. Discharge conveyor assembly; 3. Feed conveyor assembly; 4. Connecting plate; 5. Connecting rod; 6. Mounting base; 7. Fixing rod; 8. Side clamp assembly; 9. Partition plate; 10. Speed ​​regulating assembly; 11. One-way valve hole; 12. Rotating sleeve; 13. Sliding hole; 14. Stop block; 15. Stop bar; 16. Clearance groove; 17. Lower wedge plate; 18. Upper wedge plate; 101. Fixing frame; 102. Clamping assembly; 103. Gripping assembly; 111. Support column; 112. Guide rail assembly; 1101. Fixing beam; 1102. Slide rail; 1103. Slide block; 1104. Drive unit; 1141. Drive motor ; 1142. Drive wheel; 1143. Drive belt; 121. Cross frame; 122. Clamping push rod; 123. Connecting rod; 124. Rotating shaft; 125. Clamping plate; 801. Connecting beam; 802. Side clamping push rod; 803. Side clamping plate; 131. Connecting frame; 132. Fixing plate; 133. Lifting push rod; 134. Clamping frame; 135. Side support plate; 136. Side support push rod; 1001. Speed ​​regulating cylinder; 1002. Limiting guide rail; 1003. Hanging rod; 1011. Cylinder body; 1012. Piston disc; 1013. Telescopic rod; 1014. Small diameter through hole; 1015. End plate; 1016. Return spring. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. These embodiments are implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provide detailed implementation methods and specific operation processes. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. In the description of the present invention, words such as "front", "rear", "left", and "right" that indicate orientation or positional relationship are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0021] The embodiments disclose a high-speed fully automatic plastic bottle depalletizing device, such as Figures 1-9 As shown, it mainly consists of a destacking mechanism 1, a feeding conveyor assembly 3, and a discharging conveyor assembly 2. The feeding conveyor assembly 3 is responsible for transporting the entire stack of plastic bottles to the destacking station. Then, the destacking mechanism 1 separates the plastic bottles layer by layer and transfers the separated single-layer plastic bottles to the discharging conveyor assembly 2, thereby realizing the continuous destacking operation of the entire stack of plastic bottles.

[0022] Specifically, the destacking mechanism 1 includes a fixed frame 101, a clamping assembly 102, and a gripping assembly 103. The fixed frame 101 is installed on the ground bearing surface. The clamping assembly 102 is used to grab the entire stack of plastic bottles and move them to the location of the discharge conveyor assembly 2. The gripping assembly 103 is specifically used to grab and remove the partitions 9 in the stack and place them at the designated partition 9 workstation. Then, the clamping assembly 102 performs overall clamping and transfer of the single layer of plastic bottles.

[0023] It should be noted that, as Figures 1-4 As shown, the destacking station is also equipped with a scissor lift assembly, which is used to lift the plastic bottle stacks to be destacking, so that each layer of plastic bottles can be adjusted to a preset working height, making it easy for the destacking mechanism 1 to perform separation operations in sequence.

[0024] More specifically, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, both the feeding conveyor assembly 3 and the discharging conveyor assembly 2 adopt motor-driven conveyor belt structures, and the two are arranged in a T-shape vertical layout. From a top view, the feeding conveyor belt laterally transports the entire stack of plastic bottles to the starting end of the discharging conveyor belt, i.e., the destacking station, forming a continuous material flow path.

[0025] The fixed frame 101 consists of four support columns 111, symmetrically arranged along both sides of the discharge conveyor belt, providing support at the four corners. A guide rail assembly 112 is mounted above the support columns 111 to guide the clamping assembly 102 in reciprocating motion between the destacking station and above the discharge conveyor belt. The guide rail assembly 112 includes a fixed beam 1101, a slide rail 1102, a slide block 1103, and a drive unit 1104. The fixed beam 1101 is mounted above the discharge conveyor belt based on the support columns 111, and each fixed beam 1101 is equipped with a slide rail 1102. The slide block 1103 moves along the slide rail 1102 via the drive unit 1104.

[0026] like Figures 1-4 As shown, the drive unit 1104 consists of a drive motor 1141, a transmission wheel 1142, and a transmission belt 1143. The drive motor 1141 drives the transmission wheel 1142 at the end of the fixed beam 1101 to rotate via a gear set, thereby driving the transmission belt 1143 to circulate. The slide 1103 is fixed to the transmission belt 1143 via a connecting plate 4, and moves with the transmission belt 1143 to achieve displacement, thereby driving the clamping assembly 102 to complete the positioning and transfer operations in the destacking process.

[0027] like Figures 1-5As shown, the clamping assembly 102 is the core actuator for gripping plastic bottles. Its main structure includes a crossbeam 121, clamping push rods 122, connecting rods 123, rotating shafts 124, and clamping plates 125. Connecting rods 5 are fixed on both sides of the upper part of the crossbeam 121. These connecting rods 5 are fastened to the slides 1103 of the guide rail assembly 112, so that the entire crossbeam 121 can move with the slides 1103 above the destacking station and the material conveying assembly 2. The front and rear ends of the crossbeam 121 are respectively rotatably mounted with rotating shafts 124 through bearing seats, while clamping push rods 122 are symmetrically mounted on the upper part of the crossbeam 121 in the front and rear directions. The end of each clamping push rod 122 is rotatably connected to the crossbeam 121 through a mounting seat 6. The end of the telescopic rod 1013 of the clamping push rod 122 is movably connected to the corresponding rotating shaft 124 through the connecting rod 123, forming a crank-slider mechanism. When the telescopic rod 1013 of the clamping push rod 122 extends or retracts, it drives the connecting rod 123 to move, which in turn drives the rotating shaft 124 to rotate around its axis. A radially extending fixing rod 7 is fixedly fitted onto the outer wall of the rotating shaft 124, and a clamping plate 125 is installed at the end of the fixing rod 7. Therefore, the linear motion of the clamping push rod 122 is ultimately converted into the arc-shaped opening and closing motion of the clamping plate 125, thereby achieving clamping operations on the entire layer of bottles from both the front and rear directions of the plastic bottle stack.

[0028] like Figures 1-5 As shown, to further improve the clamping stability of single-layer plastic bottle stacks and prevent them from shaking or scattering during movement, side clamping assemblies 8 are added to both sides of the crossbeam 121 for clamping from the side. The side clamping assembly 8 mainly consists of connecting beams 801, side clamping push rods 802, and side clamping plates 803. Specifically, two connecting beams 801 are installed on each of the left and right sides of the crossbeam 121, and a side clamping push rod 802 is vertically installed at the bottom of each connecting beam 801. The telescopic rods 1013 of the side clamping push rods 802 on both sides are arranged facing each other and are fixedly connected to a side clamping plate 803. When the telescopic rods 1013 of the side clamping push rods 802 extend, they drive the side clamping plates 803 on both sides to move towards each other, clamping the bottle stack from the side. Through the coordinated action of the front and rear clamping plates and the side clamping plates 803 on the left and right sides, the single-layer plastic bottle stack can be completely covered and clamped from four directions to form a stable overall clamping, ensuring that the bottle stack is stable and will not fall apart during the transfer process.

[0029] In addition, one of the key steps in the plastic bottle destacking process in this embodiment is to remove the partitions 9 between the layers before clamping the single-layer plastic bottles as a whole. The conventional operation is to first lift the partitions 9 vertically upwards and then move them horizontally to avoid the partitions 9 rubbing against the bottle body during the removal process, which could cause the bottle to tip over.

[0030] However, in practice, it was found that when partition 9 is lifted vertically and rapidly, it acts like a piston in a cylinder, causing violent airflow above and below it. Specifically, the air below partition 9 is rapidly compressed and forced to flow out at an accelerated speed through the narrow gap between partition 9 and the bottle stack, forming a localized high-speed airflow. At the same time, a momentary low-pressure zone is formed above partition 9, causing surrounding air to replenish this area. These turbulent airflows exert uneven impact forces on the lighter and less stable empty plastic bottles, especially potentially affecting the middle or upper part of the bottle, causing the bottle to shake or even the entire stack to tip over, severely affecting the stability and efficiency of destabilization.

[0031] like Figures 1-6 As shown, to address the airflow disturbance problem caused by the movement of the partition 9, this embodiment first sets the solid partition 9 as a porous structure partition 9. The porous design effectively reduces the wind resistance of the partition 9 during vertical movement, allowing air to flow through the holes, thereby significantly reducing the piston effect and airflow disturbance caused by the rapid lifting of the partition 9. However, the porous structure causes traditional vacuum suction cup adsorption methods to fail due to air leakage. Therefore, the gripping assembly 103 adopts a mechanical gripping configuration from both sides of the partition 9 to ensure reliable gripping and transport of the porous partition 9. To further optimize, this embodiment also sets a lifting speed curve after the partition 9 is gripped, specifically: initially lifting smoothly at a low speed, and then gradually accelerating after the partition 9 is completely separated from the bottle stack. This "slow to fast" speed control strategy minimizes the air disturbance caused by the initial movement of the partition 9, fundamentally avoiding the risk of the bottle tipping over due to airflow.

[0032] like Figures 5-6 As shown, the clamping assembly 103 specifically includes a connecting frame 131, a fixing plate 132, a lifting push rod 133, a clamping frame 134, side support plates 135, and a side support push rod 136. The connecting frame 131 is installed above the cross frame 121 and is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 5 on the cross frame 121. Its length is greater than that of the cross frame 121, and one of its extended ends is connected to the fixing plate 132. A lifting push rod 133 is installed on one side of the fixing plate 132, and its telescopic shaft extends vertically downward, with its end connected to the clamping frame 134. A side support plate 135 is installed on each side below the clamping frame 134. The side support plates 135 are driven by the side support push rods 136 installed on the clamping frame 134 and can move in opposite directions. By controlling the extension of the telescopic shaft of the side support push rod 136, the two side support plates 135 can be driven to clamp the two sides of the partition 9, achieving initial fixation.

[0033] In practice, because the partition 9 is usually thin and made of soft material, it is easy for it to bend and deform if only lateral clamping is used. A deformed partition 9 may squeeze the bottle during lifting, causing it to tip over. To solve this problem, this embodiment designs the side support plate 135 as an L-shaped structure, including a vertical plate and a horizontal plate. During the clamping process, the two side support plates 135 move towards each other to an appropriate position, so that their horizontal plates just extend under the partition 9. Then, the lifting push rod 133 drives the entire clamping frame 134 to rise. At this time, the horizontal plate of the L-shaped side support plate 135 lifts the partition 9 from below, achieving stable extraction mainly through support rather than lateral clamping force, thereby effectively avoiding deformation of the partition 9 and interference with the bottle.

[0034] like Figures 5-9 As shown, to achieve a slow initial rise of the partition 9 during the lifting process to reduce airflow disturbance, and a rapid rise after reaching the preset height to improve overall efficiency, this embodiment includes a mechanical speed control assembly 10 between the lifting push rod 133 and the clamping frame 134. This assembly mainly consists of a speed control cylinder 1001, a limiting guide rail 1002, and a lifting rod 1003. The speed control cylinder 1001 is mounted on the fixed plate 132, located below the lifting push rod 133; it is equipped with limiting guide rails 1002 on both sides, and the movable part of the limiting guide rail 1002 is connected to the movable end of the upper speed control cylinder 1001 and the lower clamping frame 134 respectively through the lifting rod 1003. When the telescopic shaft of the lifting push rod 133 extends, it directly presses down on the movable end of the speed control cylinder 1001, thereby driving the clamping frame 134 to descend rapidly along the limiting guide rail 1002 through the lifting rod 1003, completing the descent action. When it is necessary to lift the partition 9, the lifting push rod 133 retracts quickly first, relieving pressure on the speed regulating cylinder 1001. Subsequently, under the action of its internal return spring 1016, the speed regulating cylinder 1001 drives the movable end to rise slowly. This slow movement is transmitted to the clamping frame 134 through the lifting rod 1003, allowing the partition 9 to be lifted smoothly and slowly. When the partition 9 leaves the bottle stack at a certain height (preset position), the clamping frame 134 switches to rapid lifting until the entire lifting stroke is completed.

[0035] like Figures 5-9As shown, specifically, the speed regulating cylinder 1001 includes a cylinder body 1011, a piston disc 1012, a telescopic rod 1013, a small-diameter through hole 1014, an end plate 1015, and a return spring 1016. The cylinder body 1011 is filled with hydraulic oil. The piston disc 1012 is in sliding sealing contact with the inner wall of the cylinder body 1011, and has a small-diameter through hole 1014 drilled on it as the main throttling channel. The top of the piston disc 1012 is connected to the telescopic rod 1013. The top of the telescopic rod 1013 extends out of the cylinder body 1011 and is fixed to the end plate 1015. The return spring 1016 is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic rod 1013 and pre-pressed between the top wall of the cylinder body 1011 and the end plate 1015. The upper end of the boom 1003 is connected to this end plate 1015. In addition, a one-way valve port 11 is added to the piston disc 1012: when the piston disc 1012 moves downward under the pressure of the lifting push rod 133, the hydraulic oil pressure causes the one-way valve to open, allowing the oil to flow quickly with very little resistance, thus achieving rapid descent. When the lifting push rod 133 retracts, the return spring 1016 pushes the end plate 1015 and the piston disc 1012 upward. At this time, the one-way valve closes, and the hydraulic oil can only be forced to flow slowly through the small-diameter through hole 1014 on the piston disc 1012, generating greater hydraulic resistance and forcing the piston disc 1012 to rise slowly, thus realizing the slow lifting stage of the clamping frame 134. Once the piston disc 1012 moves to a certain position (such as near the top of the cylinder), the system enters the rapid lifting stage.

[0036] To enable the partition 9 to automatically switch to rapid ascent after being raised to a preset position, this embodiment features a rotating sleeve 12 elastically rotatably fitted onto the top of the telescopic rod 1013 via a torsion spring. The top of the rotating sleeve 12 passes through a sliding hole 13 inside the end plate 1015 and extends above the end plate 1015. A stop block 14 is radially elastically installed on the outer circumferential wall of the portion of the rotating sleeve 12 located above the end plate 1015. The upper surface of the stop block 14 is inclined, and the lower surface is flat. Simultaneously, a stop rod 15 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the rotating sleeve 12 below the end plate 1015, coaxial with the stop block 14. Thus, the stop block 14 and the stop rod 15 axially constrain the end plate 1015 to the middle. Correspondingly, a clearance groove 16 is radially formed on the inner wall of the sliding hole 13 to allow space for the stop block 14. Under normal conditions, the clearance groove 16 is offset from the stop block 14 in the circumferential direction. A wedge block is positioned directly above the rotating sleeve 12. This wedge block consists of two wedge disks, one upper and one lower. The opposing sides of the two wedge disks are arranged in a circumferential array of wedge-shaped blocks, similar to the pressing structure of a ballpoint pen. The upper wedge disk 18 is fixedly connected to the fixing plate 132. When the clamping frame 134 and the movable end of the speed regulating cylinder 1001 rise to a preset height, the lower wedge disk 17 moves upward with the telescopic rod 1013 and contacts the upper wedge disk 18. Under the interaction of their inclined surfaces, the rotating sleeve 12 is forced to rotate by a preset angle against the torque of the torsion spring, so that the stop 14 aligns with the relief groove 16 on the inner wall of the sliding hole 13.

[0037] At this point, the axial constraint of the end plate 1015 on the stop block 14 is released, and the elastic force of the return spring 1016 is quickly released, pushing the end plate 1015 and the connecting rod 1003 to move upward rapidly, thereby realizing the rapid lifting of the partition 9. Afterward, the telescopic rod 1013 and piston disc 1012 slowly descend under their own weight, causing the upper and lower wedge discs 17 to separate, the rotating sleeve 12 to reset under the action of the torsion spring, and the stop block 14 to be misaligned with the clearance groove 16 again. In the next working cycle, when the lifting push rod 133 presses down on the end plate 1015, the end plate 1015 first contacts the inclined surface of the stop block 14 and presses it back, thus passing over the stop block 14 and sitting back on the stop rod 15, thereby pushing the piston disc 1012 downward, preparing for the next slow lifting.

[0038] In this embodiment, during operation: the entire stack of plastic bottles is conveyed to the destacking station by the feeding conveyor belt and supported by the scissor lift assembly. The lift assembly gradually raises the bottle stack, so that each layer reaches the preset working height in sequence. When the destacking operation begins, the gripping assembly 103 is activated first: its lifting push rod 133 descends, driving the L-shaped side support plates 135 to the sides and bottom of the partition 9; the side support plates 135 move towards each other under the drive of the side support push rod 136, so that the transverse plates extend into the bottom of the partition 9 to achieve support. Subsequently, the lifting push rod 133 drives the partition 9 to rise through the speed regulating cylinder 1001 assembly. This process follows a "slow first, fast later" speed curve. In the initial stage, the one-way valve on the piston disc 1012 inside the speed regulating cylinder 1001 is closed, and the hydraulic oil can only flow slowly through the small-diameter through hole 1014, generating greater resistance, so that the partition 9 is lifted smoothly at a low speed, effectively reducing airflow disturbance and preventing the bottle from tipping over. When the partition 9 is lifted to the preset height, the stop 14 on the rotating sleeve 12 and the relief groove 16 in the sliding hole 13 of the end plate 1015 are aligned under the action of the wedge block. The constraint of the return spring 1016 is released instantly, pushing the end plate 1015 and the partition 9 to rise rapidly, turning into the high-speed removal stage. After partition 9 is removed, the clamping assembly 102 immediately activates: the clamping push rod 122 drives the front and rear clamping plates 125 to close via the connecting rod 123-rotating shaft 124 mechanism, while the side clamping push rod 802 pushes the side clamping plates 803 to clamp from the left and right sides, thus clamping the entire layer of plastic bottles from four directions. Afterward, the entire clamping assembly 102 is driven by the guide rail assembly 112, moving along the fixed beam 1101 to above the discharge conveyor belt, releasing the bottle layer, and then returning. This cycle continues until the entire stack of plastic bottles has been disassembled and transferred layer by layer.

[0039] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A high-speed fully automatic plastic bottle depalletizing device, comprising a feeding conveyor assembly (3), a discharging conveyor assembly (2), a depalletizing mechanism (1), and a scissor-type lifting assembly; wherein the feeding conveyor assembly (3) and the discharging conveyor assembly (2) are arranged vertically in a T-shape, and the scissor-type lifting assembly is disposed below the depalletizing station for supporting and lifting the plastic bottle stack; characterized in that, The destacking mechanism (1) includes a fixed frame (101), a clamping assembly (102), and a gripping assembly (103). A guide rail assembly (112) is provided above the fixed frame (101). The clamping assembly (102) and the gripping assembly (103) are both installed on the movable part of the guide rail assembly (112) and can move between the destacking station and the material conveying assembly (2). The clamping assembly (103) includes a connecting frame (131), a fixing plate (132), a lifting push rod (133), a clamping frame (134), a side support plate (135), and a side support push rod (136). The connecting frame (131) is connected to the movable part of the guide rail assembly (112), and one end of it is fixed to the fixing plate (132). The cylinder (1011) of the lifting push rod (133) is mounted on the fixing plate (132), and its telescopic rod (1013) is connected to the clamping frame (134). The side support plates (135) on both sides below the clamping frame (134) are driven by the side support push rod (136) and can move in opposite directions. A speed regulating component (10) is provided between the lifting push rod (133) and the clamping frame (134); the speed regulating component (10) includes a speed regulating cylinder (1001), a limiting guide rail (1002) and a lifting rod (1003); one end of the lifting rod (1003) is connected to the clamping frame (134), and the other end is connected to the movable end of the speed regulating cylinder (1001) through the movable part of the limiting guide rail (1002); The speed regulating cylinder (1001) includes a cylinder body (1011), a piston disc (1012), a telescopic rod (1013), and a return spring (1016); the piston disc (1012) is slidably disposed in the inner cavity of the cylinder body (1011) and is fixedly connected to the telescopic rod (1013); the top end of the telescopic rod (1013) extends out of the cylinder body (1011) and is fixed with an end plate (1015). The return spring (1016) is sleeved on the section of the telescopic rod (1013) located outside the cylinder (1011) and is pre-pressed between the top wall of the cylinder (1011) and the end plate (1015); A small-diameter through hole (1014) is longitudinally provided on the piston disc (1012), and a one-way valve hole (11) is provided; the top of the telescopic rod (1013) located outside the cylinder (1011) is elastically fitted with a rotating sleeve (12) by a torsion spring. The top of the rotating sleeve (12) passes through the sliding hole (13) opened on the end plate (1015) and extends to the top of the end plate (1015). A stop block (14) is installed radially elastically on the outer circumferential wall above the end plate (1015). The upper surface of the stop block (14) is inclined and the lower surface is flat. A stop rod (15) is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the rotating sleeve (12) below the end plate (1015) and coaxial with the stop block (14). The stop block (14) and the stop rod (15) restrict the end plate (1015) in the middle in the axial direction. The inner wall of the sliding hole (13) is radially provided with a clearance groove (16) for making way for the stop block (14), and the clearance groove (16) and the stop block (14) are normally offset in the circumferential direction. A wedge block is provided directly above the rotating sleeve (12). The wedge block is composed of two wedge block disks, one above the other. The two wedge block disks have wedge blocks arranged in a circumferential array on their facing sides. The upper wedge block disk (18) is fixedly connected to the fixing plate (132).

2. The high-speed fully automatic plastic bottle depalletizing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping assembly (102) includes a crossbeam (121), a clamping push rod (122), a connecting rod (123), a rotating shaft (124), and a clamping plate (125); the crossbeam (121) is connected to the movable part of the guide rail assembly (112); the rotating shaft (124) is rotatably disposed at the front and rear ends of the crossbeam (121), and a fixing rod (7) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (124), and the clamping plate (125) is fixedly connected to the end of the fixing rod (7); the cylinder (1011) of the clamping push rod (122) is hinged to the crossbeam (121), and its telescopic rod (1013) is movably connected to the rotating shaft (124) through the connecting rod (123).

3. The high-speed fully automatic plastic bottle depalletizing device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The cross frame (121) is also provided with side clamping assemblies (8) on both sides; the side clamping assembly (8) includes a connecting beam (801), a side clamping push rod (802) and a side clamping plate (803); the connecting beam (801) is fixed to both sides of the cross frame (121), the cylinder (1011) of the side clamping push rod (802) is installed at the bottom of the connecting beam (801), its telescopic rod (1013) is fixedly connected to the side clamping plate (803), and the telescopic rods (1013) of the side clamping push rods (802) on both sides are arranged facing each other.

4. The high-speed fully automatic plastic bottle depalletizing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The side support plate (135) has an L-shaped structure, including a vertical plate and a horizontal plate.

5. The high-speed fully automatic plastic bottle depalletizing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The partition plate (9) has a porous structure.

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