A surfactin-containing organic water-soluble fertilizer for improving salt-alkali stress resistance of wheat seeds

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to a Surfactin-containing organic water-soluble fertilizer for improving salt-alkali stress resistance of wheat seeds, wherein the organic water-soluble fertilizer comprises organic matter, macro-nutrient elements, micro-nutrient elements, functional components and Surfactin; the content of Surfactin in the fertilizer is 1000-3000 mg / kg. The application is non-toxic and non-polluting, has a simple preparation process, is convenient to use, and has good stability, and can provide a theoretical basis for studying the Surfactin-containing organic water-soluble fertilizer for promoting seed germination under salt stress, and has wide market application value in the development and planting of crops in saline-alkali lands.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fertilizers, particularly to the field of seed germination promotion, and to a Surfactin-containing organic water-soluble fertilizer that enhances the resistance of wheat seeds to salt and alkali stress. Background Technology

[0002] Salinization has become a prominent problem threatening the ecological environment of irrigation areas, and it also threatens the sustainable development of agricultural production. The development and prevention of secondary soil salinization, the rational development and utilization of saline soil resources, and the development of saline-irrigated agriculture will be major issues for agricultural development in western China. Based on this, developing a bioactive product that can improve plant seed tolerance to salt and alkali stress, enhance seed vigor, and increase germination rate can maximize the normal growth of crops in saline-alkali land, thereby increasing economic benefits.

[0003] Research on salt-tolerant plants has always been a major topic and direction in the agricultural field. Excessive soil salinity inhibits the growth of most plants and reduces yield. The seed germination stage is the period when crops are most sensitive to salt stress and is crucial to crop growth and yield. Increased soil salinity reduces seed germination rate and either promotes or delays the germination process. Therefore, salt tolerance during seed germination is one of the important indicators of a crop's salt resistance.

[0004] Surfactin is a typical representative of Bacillus lipopeptides. It is a cyclic lipopeptide with a molecular weight of approximately 1000 Da, synthesized by a nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) system. Its chemical structure consists of a macrocyclic lactone homologue containing seven α-amino acids and β-hydroxy fatty acids with 13, 14, or 15 carbon atoms. It possesses extremely strong surface activity and potent biological activity, such as antibacterial, antiviral, antimycoplasmal, antitumor, and hemolytic abilities, showing broad application prospects in medicine, food processing and preservation, agricultural biocontrol, and environmental protection. However, due to the low performance of the producing strains and the high cost of subsequent isolation and purification, Surfactin is expensive, and currently, there are very few Surfactin-related products on the market.

[0005] Chemical pesticides and insecticides are commonly used to control harmful insects during crop cultivation, but these often leave residues, negatively impacting the environment and humans. Surfactin, with its antibacterial, antifungal, and insecticidal activities, holds promising applications in agriculture. Furthermore, surfactants can be used to achieve good wetting properties and ensure uniform fertilizer distribution in the soil, or as lead compounds for developing novel biopesticides, or directly as physiological products to control plant pathogenic fungi. Due to their antibacterial activity against multiple pathogens and unique mechanisms of action, surfactants can serve as an alternative to conventional antibiotics for pest and disease control. Research by Hussain et al. found that surfactants exist in… B. subtilis Surfactants in the culture filtrate of Hussain T-AMU significantly affected the pathogen R. Solani, and increased tuber yield and plant growth were observed. Li et al. demonstrated that Bacillus subtilis supernatant containing surfactant had an inhibitory effect on downy mildew, which stemmed from both direct action on the pathogen and stimulation of plant defenses (induction of defense gene expression and call generation).

[0006] In recent years, there has been a strong market demand for functional products related to root development, frost protection, sunburn prevention, salinity resistance, and disease prevention. A review of relevant literature revealed numerous expert studies demonstrating that surfactin, even at low concentrations, effectively addresses these functional issues in crops and has proven its safety for both crop use and human health. However, functional products combining surfactin with fertilizers are currently scarce, and research on such products for crops in saline-alkali soils is even less common. This invention utilizes a soil-improving organic water-soluble fertilizer as a carrier material, combined with surfactin. It primarily addresses the lack of research on the use of surfactin-containing products in crops and the urgent need for improvement in saline-alkali soils. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, this invention provides a Surfactin-containing organic water-soluble fertilizer that enhances the resistance of wheat seeds to salt-alkali stress. The technical problem to be solved is that when Surfactin is combined with the fertilizer product and used on saline-alkali land, it can improve the soil and promote seed germination. This will provide a theoretical basis for research on the promotion of seed germination under salt stress by Surfactin-containing organic water-soluble fertilizers and has broad market application value in the development and cultivation of crops in saline-alkali land.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions: This invention provides a Surfactin-containing organic water-soluble fertilizer to improve the salt stress resistance of wheat seeds. The organic water-soluble fertilizer contains organic matter, macronutrients, micronutrients, functional components, and Surfactin. The organic matter includes chitosan oligosaccharide, seaweed polysaccharide, and xylitol; the micronutrients include iron, manganese, zinc, and boric acid; the functional components include amino acids, fulvic acid, and vitamins. The organic matter content is >350g / kg; The total content of macronutrients (N+P2O5+K2O) is >200g / kg, calculated as N+P2O5+K2O; The total content of micronutrients (Fe+Cu+Zn+B) is 15 g / kg-30 g / kg, calculated as Fe+Cu+Zn+B; Other components include amino acids (20g / kg-40g / kg), fulvic acid (60g / kg-80g / kg), and vitamins (10-20g / kg); The content of Surfactin is 1000-3000 mg / kg.

[0009] The organic water-soluble fertilizer contains the following components: organic matter containing 100-200 g / kg of chitosan oligosaccharide, 100-200 g / kg of seaweed polysaccharide, and 100-150 g / kg of xylitol; macronutrients containing 80-100 g / kg of N, 1-20 g / kg of P2O5, and 100-150 g / kg of K2O; micronutrients containing 2-5 g / kg of Fe, 0.5-2 g / kg of Mn, 6-12 g / kg of Zn, and 4-10 g / kg of B; functional components containing 20-40 g / kg of amino acids, 60-80 g / kg of fulvic acid, and 10-20 g / kg of vitamins; and 1500-2500 mg / kg of surfactin.

[0010] The macronutrients include one or more of urea, ammonium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, and potassium sulfate; the micronutrients are selected from chelated iron, chelated manganese, chelated zinc, and boric acid; the amino acids include glutamic acid and proline; and the vitamins include vitamin B1 and vitamin C.

[0011] Based on the above technical solution, the content of Surfactin is 2000 mg / kg.

[0012] The aforementioned organic water-soluble fertilizer is used to improve the resistance of wheat seeds to salt and alkali stress.

[0013] Based on the above technical solution, the seed germination effect evaluation indicators include germination rate, germination potential, radicle length, and biomass.

[0014] Based on the above technical solution, the salt in the salt-alkali stress includes sodium chloride and the alkali includes sodium hydroxide.

[0015] Based on the above technical solution, the EC value of the soil under saline-alkali stress is 1.8 mS / cm and the pH is 9.6.

[0016] The manufacturing method of this series of fertilizers is based on the nutrient ratio of special fertilizers for wheat germination, calculating the amount of raw materials to be added, crushing and sieving the granular raw materials, putting them into the powder reaction kettle production equipment for thorough mixing and stirring, and then packaging them into finished products.

[0017] By means of the above technical solutions, the present invention provides a Surfactin-containing organic water-soluble fertilizer that improves the salt stress resistance of wheat seeds, which has at least the following advantages.

[0018] The Surfactin used in the organic water-soluble fertilizer containing Surfactin of this invention is purified and extracted by biological fermentation. It is non-toxic, pollution-free, safe, ecological and environmentally friendly. Under appropriate ratio, it can promote the germination of wheat seeds under salt and alkali stress.

[0019] The carrier material used in the Surfactin-containing organic water-soluble fertilizer of the present invention is an organic water-soluble fertilizer that can improve soil.

[0020] The present invention provides a simple, convenient, and stable organic water-soluble fertilizer containing surfactin, which will provide a theoretical basis for studying the promotion of seed germination under saline-alkali stress by surfactin-containing organic water-soluble fertilizer, and has broad market application value in the development and planting of crops in saline-alkali land. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below.

[0022] Figure 1 Figure showing the results of an experiment on how Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer promotes wheat germination.

[0023] Figure 2 This diagram illustrates the effect of Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer on promoting wheat germination.

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the effect of Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer on promoting stem height and diameter in wheat seedlings.

[0025] Figure 4 Figure 1 shows the results of an experiment on the effect of Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer on the stem height and diameter of wheat seedlings.

[0026] Figure 5 This diagram illustrates the effect of Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer on promoting wheat root development.

[0027] Figure 6 Figure 1 shows the results of an experiment on the effect of Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer on leaf width and root length in wheat seedlings.

[0028] Figure 7 The figure shows the results of an experiment on the promotion of fresh and dry weight of wheat seedlings by Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer.

[0029] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the experimental results of the effect of Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer on soil salinity and alkalinity. Figure 9 A schematic diagram illustrating the overall effect of Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer on promoting wheat seedling growth. Detailed Implementation

[0030] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0031] This invention provides a Surfactin-containing organic water-soluble fertilizer to improve the salt-alkali stress resistance of wheat seeds. Further, the Surfactin content in the organic water-soluble fertilizer is 2000 mg / kg. The raw materials are mixed evenly according to different proportions to obtain the Surfactin-containing organic water-soluble fertilizer. The specific test formula is as follows:

[0032] In this invention, the seed salt-alkali stress environment is a simulated environment, and the soil EC value is 1.8 mS / cm and pH is 9.6.

[0033] In this invention, the preferred germination effect of wheat seeds includes germination rate, germination potential, radicle length, and biomass.

[0034] Unless otherwise specified, the biochemical reagents used in the following examples can be obtained through conventional commercial channels.

[0035] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to the embodiments: Example 1: Study on the promoting effect of Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer on wheat 1.1 Soil Collection The soil used for the test was abandoned farmland soil in Hefei, Anhui, China. The soil type was yellow cotton soil. The top 0-20cm of topsoil was collected for pot experiment. All collected soil was sieved through a 2mm sieve to remove impurities. After being mixed evenly, the soil was stored in a cool, shady place at room temperature for later use.

[0036] 1.2 Potted plant growth promotion experiment (1) The pot experiment was conducted in a greenhouse. This experiment set up 4 different fertilization treatments and 1 control treatment without fertilization.

[0037] (2) Wheat was planted in flower pots with a diameter of 230 mm and a height of 170 mm. 500 g of sieved and well-mixed soil was placed in each pot, watered thoroughly, and allowed to evaporate at room temperature for 4-5 days. Wheat was planted when the soil moisture was suitable. Each treatment was replicated 3 times.

[0038] (3) Select wheat seeds of the same size and shape, plant 15 plants per pot at a depth of 2-3 cm, and retain 10 plants with basically the same growth after the wheat has grown.

[0039] (4) Fertilize immediately after sowing. Weigh out the same amount of fertilizer and dissolve it in 50 mL of deionized water. Drip the solution around the soil. The control group was irrigated with the same amount of deionized water. Water once every 2 days (50 mL) in the later stage. Set up 12 h of light and 12 h of darkness in the greenhouse for uniform cultivation.

[0040] (5) After 25 days of planting, the plants were collected and their physiological indicators were measured. The plant growth indicators included germination rate, fresh weight, dry weight, plant height, plant root system, soil pH and EC, etc.

[0041] The measured data were tested for one-way variance significance using SPSS 23.0 software. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. A bar chart was plotted using GraphPad Prism 8.0.

[0042] Example 2: Study on the effect of Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer on promoting wheat germination rate Through append Figure 1 It can be seen that the germination rate of group T4 was significantly higher than that of group CK, while there was no difference between groups T1, T2, and T3 and group CK. Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer has a significant advantage in improving wheat germination rate, thanks to its bioactive substances, strong salt-alkali regulation ability, and optimization of the rhizosphere microenvironment. Group T4 had the highest germination rate, which was 64.1% higher than that of group CK.

[0043] Example 3: Study on the effect of Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer on wheat germination promotion Through append Figure 2It was observed that wheat seeds in group T4 germinated much earlier and reached a certain height than the previous three groups; while the CK, T1, T2, and T3 groups had very few germinated seeds, and many had not yet germinated. Overall, germination in saline-alkali soils was delayed compared to normal soils. The high salinity and alkalinity of saline-alkali soils negatively impacted seed water absorption and metabolism. On one hand, high osmotic pressure inhibited water absorption, delaying seed expansion and enzyme activation; on the other hand, ion toxicity in saline-alkali environments (such as excessive sodium ions) may interfere with energy metabolism and cell division within the seed. The saline-alkali environment significantly delayed wheat seed germination, but Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer treatment significantly improved the rhizosphere environment, promoting rapid germination and growth under adverse conditions. Plants that germinated and grew early showed significant advantages in resource acquisition and stress resistance, providing valuable reference for high-yield cultivation of crops in saline-alkali lands.

[0044] Example 4: Study on the promoting effect of Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer on the stem height and diameter of wheat seedlings. Through append Figure 3 It can be observed that group T4 performed exceptionally well, exhibiting a significant advantage in the seedling stage. Its plant height, leaf width, stem thickness, and leaf greenness were all significantly superior to other groups. Group T3 followed, performing well. Group T1, although initially underperforming, showed a breakthrough in growth later on. Groups CK and T2, however, performed poorly overall, with short, sparse plants and very poor growth. Notably, group T4 not only exhibited straight seedlings, thick stems, large, dark green leaves, but also a uniform and neat plant distribution. This differentiation reflects the significant effect of Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer in alleviating salt-alkali stress and promoting crop growth.

[0045] From the appendix Figure 4 The experimental data also show that, except for the T2 group, the stem height and diameter of all other groups were significantly higher than those of the CK group. The Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer group was the best in both stem height and diameter, with a stem height approximately 217% higher and a stem diameter approximately 119% thicker than the control group. Taller plants typically have larger leaf areas, allowing them to absorb more sunlight, perform more photosynthesis, and promote the accumulation and conversion of dry matter. Thicker stems can support more leaves and inflorescences, improving the plant's resistance to lodging and reducing damage from wind and rain. They also have stronger storage capacity, helping to accumulate nutrients and support plant growth and reproduction. The performance of Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer is particularly outstanding, and it has broad market application value in the development and cultivation of crops in saline-alkali land.

[0046] Example 5: Study on the promoting effect of Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer on leaf width and root length in wheat seedlings. Through append Figure 5 It can be observed that wheat plants in group T4 have particularly well-developed root systems, with numerous and long lateral roots, dense capillary roots forming a network, and deep root penetration, exhibiting a healthy, white color. The root systems of group T1 are relatively well-developed, while plants in groups CK, T2, and T3 have shorter roots, fewer lateral roots, sparse capillary roots concentrated in the shallow surface layer, darker root color, and poorer growth vitality. Root development is a crucial foundation for seedling growth, directly determining the vigor and resilience of the above-ground parts. A well-developed root system enables efficient absorption of nutrients and water, improving plant growth quality and group coordination, ultimately contributing to high yields.

[0047] From the appendix Figure 6 The experimental data also show that the leaf width and root length of group T4 were optimal, significantly higher than those of group CK. The Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer group exhibited approximately 72.9% wider wheat leaves and approximately 169% longer roots than the control group. Larger leaves better capture sunlight, increasing the photosynthetic area and thus improving photosynthetic efficiency, leading to the accumulation of more assimilates. Longer roots penetrate deeper into the soil, increasing root contact area and enhancing the plant's ability to absorb water and mineral elements. Furthermore, they better adapt to arid environments, as the deep roots help the plant absorb water from deeper soil layers during droughts. By enhancing plant growth, Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer ultimately improves crop yield and quality, enhancing the production efficiency of agriculture in saline-alkali land, thus possessing both economic and ecological value.

[0048] Example 6: Study on the effect of Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer on promoting fresh weight and dry weight of wheat seedlings. From the appendix Figure 7 The experimental data show that the T4 group of wheat had the highest fresh and dry weights, significantly higher than the CK group. The Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer group had approximately 180% more fresh weight and 50% more dry weight than the control group. Higher dry weight wheat is usually accompanied by higher fresh weight, indicating robust plant growth, dense foliage, thick stems, and well-developed root systems. Different fertilization treatments significantly affected the dry and fresh weights of wheat, showing that plants with higher dry weights accumulate more nutrients. High dry weight reflects high photosynthetic efficiency and abundant assimilate accumulation, laying a solid foundation for later reproductive growth and grain yield. The optimal dry and wet weights achieved by Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer indicate that it effectively improved crop growth and stress resistance, increased crop yield and quality, and helped improve production conditions in saline-alkali land.

[0049] Example 7: Study on the effect of Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer on promoting soil salinity and alkalinity From the appendix Figure 8The experimental data show that the T4 treatment group had the strongest ability to regulate salt and alkali, especially in reducing the soil EC value, where Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer performed particularly well; it decreased by 223% compared to the initial value and by 51.8% compared to the CK group. This indicates that the high-efficiency fertilizer treatment can not only effectively regulate the acid-base balance of saline-alkali soil, but also significantly reduce salt accumulation, thereby optimizing the rhizosphere environment and promoting wheat growth. Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer demonstrates superior salt and alkali resistance and crop-promoting effects.

[0050] Example 8: Study on the overall promoting effect of Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer on wheat seedlings Through append Figure 9 It can be observed that the wheat seedlings in group T4 are straight, with thick stems, large leaves, and a dark green color. The overall morphology is stable, and the plants are growing vigorously. Some plants in groups T1 and T3 are performing well; group T2 is growing the worst, with plants appearing crooked, having thin stems, narrow leaves, and yellowing or pale leaves.

[0051] It is worth noting that the Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer treatment group not only showed straight wheat seedlings, thick stems, large leaves, and dark green leaves, but also exhibited a uniform and neat plant distribution.

[0052] The performance of wheat seedlings is fundamental to their later growth and yield. Straight seedlings with thick stems and wide leaves have advantages such as high photosynthetic efficiency and strong resistance to lodging, while weak seedlings are prone to lodging, have low photosynthetic efficiency, and are more susceptible to disease.

[0053] In summary, Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer showed significant promoting effects on multiple key indicators of wheat growth in saline-alkali soil, including germination, seedling stem height and diameter, leaf width, root length, and fresh and dry weight. It not only demonstrated a significant advantage over the control group but also showcased its superior performance in improving the growth quality of wheat seedlings. This invention provides a Surfactin-containing organic water-soluble fertilizer that significantly promotes wheat seedling growth in saline-alkali soil, at least addressing the problem of poor wheat emergence in such conditions. This also indicates that Surfactin has enormous application potential and economic value in promoting crop growth in saline-alkali soil.

Claims

1. A Surfactin-containing organic water-soluble fertilizer for improving the resistance of wheat seeds to salt and alkali stress, characterized in that, The organic water-soluble fertilizer contains organic matter, macronutrients, micronutrients, functional components, and surfactin; The organic matter includes chitosan oligosaccharide, seaweed polysaccharide, and xylitol; the micronutrients include iron, manganese, zinc, and boric acid; the functional components include amino acids, fulvic acid, and vitamins. The organic matter contains 100-200 g / kg of chitosan oligosaccharides, 100-200 g / kg of seaweed polysaccharides, and 100-150 g / kg of xylitol; the macronutrients include 80-100 g / kg of N, 1-20 g / kg of P2O5, and 100-150 g / kg of K2O; the micronutrients include 2-5 g / kg of Fe, 0.5-2 g / kg of Mn, 6-12 g / kg of Zn, and 4-10 g / kg of B; the functional components include 20-40 g / kg of amino acids, 60-80 g / kg of fulvic acid, and 10-20 g / kg of vitamins; and the content of surfactin is 1500-2500 mg / kg. The macronutrients are selected from one or more of urea, ammonium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, and potassium sulfate; the micronutrients are selected from chelated iron, chelated manganese, chelated zinc, and boric acid; the amino acids include glutamic acid and proline; and the vitamins include vitamin B1 and vitamin C.

2. The organic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, It contains the following ingredients: chitosan oligosaccharide 150 g / kg, seaweed polysaccharide 150 g / kg, xylitol 100 g / kg, N 85 g / kg, P2O5 5 g / kg, K2O 125 g / kg; Fe 3 g / kg, Mn 1 g / kg, Zn 8 g / kg, B 7 g / kg, glutamic acid 15 g / kg, proline 15 g / kg, fulvic acid 70 g / kg, vitamin B1 8 g / kg, vitamin C 8 g / kg; Surfactin 2000 mg / kg.

3. The use of the organic water-soluble fertilizer according to any one of claims 1-2 for improving the resistance of wheat seeds to salt and alkali stress.

4. The use according to claim 3, characterized in that, It is used to improve germination rate, germination potential, radicle length and biomass.

5. A method for promoting plant growth, characterized in that, The organic water-soluble fertilizer described in claim 1 is diluted and then drip-irrigated onto the plants.

6. The method for plant growth according to claim 5, characterized in that, The plant in question is wheat, a member of the Poaceae family.

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