A method and system for evaluating the effects of a multipoint explosion hazard

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of multi-point explosion hazard effect evaluation test method and system.The method comprises: a plurality of with prefabricated fragment explosive source is evenly laid in the same circumference and is synchronously initiated;Determine the abdominal line distribution based on the principle of shock wave superposition, and with explosion center point O as the center, according to the predicted overpressure peak value, divide the reference circle, inner circle and outer circle;In each circle layer, along the abdominal line direction, system is laid circular pie type and penholder type free field pressure sensor, impulse target, simulation dummy, pine target and speed target.By synchronously collecting shock wave pressure-time history, fragment velocity, target body deformation and human body reflection overpressure and other multi-parameter data, realize the quantitative analysis of shock wave superposition and attenuation characteristics, fragment power field distribution, human body damage risk and explosion impulse aftereffect.The application solves the problem that multi-point explosion hazard effect lacks standardized testing means, and provides data support for protective equipment research and development and safety standard formulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for assessing the hazard effects of multi-point explosions, and also to a corresponding system for assessing the hazard effects of multi-point explosions, belonging to the field of explosion safety testing technology. Background Technology

[0002] Explosion safety testing technology is a key technology in fields such as public safety, military protection, and emergency rescue. Traditional research on the hazard effects of explosions has focused on single-point explosion scenarios, and relatively mature testing and evaluation methods have been established for their effects on shock wave propagation and fragmentation damage. However, in actual terrorist attacks or industrial accidents, multi-point explosions (i.e., multiple explosions occurring at the same location and at similar times) are becoming increasingly common. Compared with single-point explosions, multi-point explosions are characterized by strong randomness, multiple destructive elements, superimposed hazard effects, and complex target damage mechanisms. The shock waves generated by multiple explosion sources will interfere and superimpose in specific areas of space, significantly enhancing the overpressure peak; at the same time, the fragmentation from multiple directions will form a denser force field, resulting in a wider destructive range, a greater overall hazard effect, and a more profound impact on society.

[0003] To address the threat of multi-point explosions, relevant research institutions have conducted a series of studies. While these studies have yielded results in data management, case investigations, and individual technologies, they also have significant limitations: First, existing work largely focuses on post-explosion investigations and data recording, rather than on the quantitative testing and predictive assessment of the hazardous effects before or during an explosion. Second, most of these studies target single-point explosions or macroscopic statistical analysis, lacking synchronous and precise testing methods for key parameters such as the shock wave superposition mechanism, the combined force field of fragmentation, and the damage effects on multiple parts of the human body in the specific scenario of multi-point explosions.

[0004] Currently, there is a lack of standardized testing and quantitative assessment of the hazard effects of multi-point explosions. The absence of unified testing methods, deployment specifications, and evaluation standards makes it impossible to scientifically measure the performance of explosion-proof equipment, accurately formulate emergency plans, and provide reliable data support for building explosion-proof design and public safety protection in multi-point explosion scenarios. Therefore, there is an urgent need to establish a scientific, systematic, and repeatable testing method and system for assessing the hazard effects of multi-point explosions. This system should be able to simultaneously acquire multi-dimensional quantitative data on the superposition effect of shock waves, the distribution of fragmentation force fields, and the risk of human injury through a single test. This would fill the technical standard gap in this field and provide core technical support for the development of protective equipment, the formulation of safety standards, and emergency decision-making. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The primary technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a method for assessing the hazard effects of multi-point explosions.

[0006] The secondary technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a multi-point explosion hazard effect assessment and testing system.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0008] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a method for assessing the hazard effects of a multi-point explosion is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0009] S1: Prepare the explosive source and test materials; wherein, the explosive source is a plurality of test explosive sources, each explosive source having multiple pre-made fragments wrapped around the outside of the explosive, and the detonation is carried out in a synchronous manner; the test materials include at least one pine target, no less than three impulse targets, no less than two velocity targets, no less than three pen-type free field pressure sensors, no less than three disc-shaped free field pressure sensors, and no less than three simulated dummies; each simulated dummy is equipped with a wall pressure sensor on its head, chest and legs;

[0010] S2: Distribute all explosion sources evenly on the same circumference; the center of this circumference is the geometric center of the multi-point explosion, defined as center point O; all explosion sources are at the same height.

[0011] S3: Based on the number of explosion sources and the amount of explosive charge, the distribution of the overpressure peak of the shock wave is analyzed and obtained; the abdominal line is formed by connecting the points where the shock wave fronts of multiple explosion sources arrive at the same time, causing the overpressure to be positively superimposed and reaching the overpressure peak.

[0012] S4: Using the center point O as the center, delineate the reference circle, inner circle, and outer circle based on the predicted peak value of the shock wave overpressure;

[0013] S5: Install disc-shaped free-field pressure sensors on the reference ring, inner ring, and outer ring, with all disc-shaped free-field pressure sensors pointing towards the center point O;

[0014] S6: Simulated dummies are placed on the reference circle, inner circle and outer circle, with all simulated dummies pointing to the center point O, and the wall pressure sensors installed on the simulated dummies pointing to the center point O;

[0015] S7: Place impulse targets on the reference circle, inner circle and outer circle, with all impulse targets pointing towards the center point O;

[0016] S8: Pen-type free-field pressure sensors are installed on the reference ring, inner ring, and outer ring, and all pen-type free-field pressure sensors point to the same selected explosion source;

[0017] S9: Arrange fan-shaped pine targets on the inner circle, with the pine targets pointing at a selected explosion source;

[0018] S10: Deploy velocity measuring targets on the inner ring, with the targets pointing at another selected explosion source;

[0019] S11: Connect each sensor to the test system to establish a synchronous detonation and synchronous start-up relationship;

[0020] S12: Connect the speed measuring target to the timer;

[0021] S13: Evacuate personnel after installing the explosive source;

[0022] S14: Simultaneous detonation of multiple explosive sources, with the test system starting synchronously;

[0023] S15: Record the test results of each sensor;

[0024] S16: Analyze the test data;

[0025] S17: Generate a multi-point explosion hazard effect assessment report.

[0026] Preferably, the method for determining the abdominal line in step S3 includes:

[0027] If the explosive charges of each explosive source are the same, then the belly line is the part of the perpendicular bisector of the line connecting adjacent explosive sources located outside the polygon of the explosive source.

[0028] If the explosive charges of each explosive source are different, the distribution of the overpressure peak point of the shock wave is determined by modeling and calculation to obtain the abdominal line.

[0029] Preferably, when testing the bomb disposal suit, the suit is worn on at least one mannequin, and at least one mannequin not wearing a bomb disposal suit is used as a control.

[0030] Preferably, when setting up the disc-shaped free-field pressure sensor, the simulated dummy, and the impulse target in steps S5 to S7, the following operations are performed:

[0031] A benchmark testing device is set up at the intersection of a selected web line and a reference circle;

[0032] Using the line connecting the benchmark testing equipment and the center point O as the baseline, and using the center point O as the rotation point, rotate the baseline by +α degrees and -α degrees, where 0 < α ≤ 30°;

[0033] Other test equipment of the same type are set up at the intersection of the rotated baseline with the inner and outer rings;

[0034] Among them, the reference device of the disc-shaped free field pressure sensor is HS2, the inner ring device is HS1, and the outer ring device is HS3;

[0035] The baseline device for the simulated dummy is JR2, the inner ring device is JR1, and the outer ring device is JR3;

[0036] The reference device for the impulse target is CL2, the inner ring device is CL1, and the outer ring device is CL3;

[0037] The disc-shaped free-field pressure sensor, the simulated dummy, and the impulse target all have different selected abdominal lines.

[0038] Preferably, the method for deploying the pen-type free-field pressure sensor in step S8 includes:

[0039] A pen-type free-field pressure sensor S2 is installed at the intersection of the line connecting the center point O and the selected explosion source E3 and the reference circle.

[0040] Using the line connecting the explosion source E3 and the sensor S2 as the baseline, and taking the explosion source E3 as the rotation point, rotate the baseline by +α degrees and -α degrees, where 0 < α ≤ 30°;

[0041] Pen-type free-field pressure sensors S1 and S3 are respectively installed at the intersections of the rotated baseline with the inner and outer rings;

[0042] All pen-type free-field pressure sensors are pointing towards the explosion source E3 and do not obstruct each other.

[0043] Preferably, the method for setting up the pine target in step S9 includes:

[0044] The pine target is a fan-shaped, homogeneous, thick target with a height of not less than 2 meters.

[0045] The bottom edge of the pine target is fitted to the inner circle, and the arc length is not less than the preset length.

[0046] The pine target is pointed at the explosion source E1, and is positioned at the intersection of the line connecting the center point O and the explosion source E1 and the inner circle.

[0047] The semi-circular fragments encased on the explosion sources E1 and E3 were pointing towards the pine target.

[0048] Preferably, the method for deploying the velocity measuring target in step S10 includes:

[0049] All velocity measuring targets point to the explosion source E2, and the explosion source E2 is different from the explosion source E1 that the pine target points to;

[0050] The innermost layer of the speed measuring target test paper is arranged on the inner ring;

[0051] If multiple speed measuring targets are set up, each speed measuring target will not block the others, and the innermost layer of the target paper will be arranged side by side close to the inner circle.

[0052] Preferably, the test results recorded in step S15 include:

[0053] Shock wave pressure-time history curves measured by pen-type free-field pressure sensor and disc-type free-field pressure sensor;

[0054] Reflected overpressure data measured by pressure sensors on various walls of the simulated dummy;

[0055] The time it takes for the fragments to pass through the sensor array, as recorded by the velocity measuring target;

[0056] The maximum deformation of the impulse target;

[0057] The total number of fragment impacts on the pine target, and the distinction between the number of penetrating fragments and the number of embedded fragments;

[0058] All data is recorded synchronously based on a unified time benchmark of the test system.

[0059] Preferably, the analysis of test data in step S16 includes:

[0060] By comparing the pressure-time history curves of disc-shaped free-field pressure sensors and pen-shaped free-field pressure sensors at corresponding layers and orientations, a quantitative comparison of the hazard effects of multi-point explosions and single-point explosions was obtained.

[0061] By analyzing the pressure-time history curves of a disc-shaped free-field pressure sensor at different distances, the propagation and attenuation characteristics of the shock wave are obtained.

[0062] Analyze the reflected overpressure-time history curves of the pressure sensor on the upper wall of the simulated dummy to assess the risk of shock wave damage to key parts of the human body.

[0063] Calculate the fragment dispersion velocity based on the velocity target data, and analyze the fragment force field range and kill radius by combining the pine target data;

[0064] The impact of the shock wave and its combined effect on the structure are analyzed based on the deformation of the impact target.

[0065] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a multi-point explosion hazard effect assessment and testing system is provided, comprising:

[0066] Multiple sensors, including a pen-shaped free-field pressure sensor, a disc-shaped free-field pressure sensor, a wall pressure sensor mounted on a mannequin, and a speed measuring target;

[0067] Signal conditioning equipment is used to amplify, filter, and convert sensor signals;

[0068] Data acquisition equipment is used to acquire conditioned signals;

[0069] Synchronous linkage control equipment is used to control all equipment to start and stop synchronously, ensuring that data timestamps are consistent;

[0070] The data processing and analysis system includes a processor and a memory. The memory stores computer programs, and the processor executes the computer programs to implement the aforementioned multi-point explosion hazard effect assessment test method.

[0071] Display devices are used to display test results and analysis reports.

[0072] Compared with existing technologies, this invention can simultaneously acquire quantitative data on multi-dimensional hazard effects in multi-point explosion scenarios through a single experiment. It achieves integrated testing and quantitative analysis of the dynamic superposition and spatial attenuation laws of shock waves, the comprehensive force field distribution of fragments, the reflected overpressure of shock waves on key parts of the human body, and the aftereffects of the explosion on structures. This provides a methodological basis and system support for the standardized assessment of the hazard effects of multi-point explosions. The obtained data can be used to compare the damage characteristics of single-point and multi-point explosions, providing a reliable data foundation for the development of explosion-proof and bomb disposal equipment, the optimization of blast-resistant building design, and the formulation of public safety emergency plans. Attached Figure Description

[0073] Figure 1 This is a top-view schematic diagram of the on-site layout of three explosion sources for a multi-point explosion hazard effect assessment and testing method in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0074] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-point explosion hazard effect assessment and testing system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0075] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the location of the abdominal line in a multi-point explosion embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0076] The technical content of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0077] The technical concept of this invention is as follows: by scientifically planning the layered layout of measuring points and adopting the method of simultaneously detonating multiple explosion sources, the system collects on-site test data obtained by multiple types of sensors, thereby realizing the quantitative analysis of key parameters such as the superposition effect of shock waves, the range of fragment force field, and the risk of human injury, and providing a basis for establishing technical standards for assessing the hazard effects of explosion sources.

[0078] In the multi-point explosion hazard effect assessment test method provided in this embodiment of the invention, the test system includes two parts: an explosion source and test material equipment. The explosion source consists of multiple explosives with pre-fragmented explosive fragments wrapped around the outside; the test materials include various targets and sensors, specifically: at least one pine target, no fewer than three impulse targets, no fewer than two velocity targets (all for single use), no fewer than three pen-type free-field pressure sensors, no fewer than three disc-shaped free-field pressure sensors, and no fewer than three simulated dummies (each dummy has a wall pressure sensor installed on its head, chest, and legs, for a total of nine). This system can simultaneously record various hazard effect data generated when multiple explosion sources explode simultaneously, including single-point shock wave propagation characteristics, multi-point shock wave superposition effect, fragment dispersion velocity and dispersion range, and comparative data on the protective effect of bomb disposal suits, etc.

[0079] A single experiment can obtain multiple sets of shock wave parameters and other related damage data. It can not only analyze the incident and reflected wave parameters of a single-point explosion, but also reveal the action mechanism and comprehensive aftereffect of multiple superimposed shock waves, thus providing scientific and reliable data support for studying the propagation law and hazardous characteristics of shock waves under multi-point explosion conditions.

[0080] First Embodiment

[0081] See Figure 1 The diagram shown is a top view of the on-site layout of three explosion sources. The first embodiment of this invention provides a method for assessing the hazard effects of multi-point explosions, comprising at least the following steps:

[0082] S1: Prepare the explosion source and test materials.

[0083] The explosion sources include: test explosion sources (E1, E2, E3, etc.). This embodiment uses three explosion sources as an example for illustration. The specific number and charge amount are determined according to the actual requirements.

[0084] The test materials include: at least one pine target (T1), three or more impulse targets (CL1, CL2, CL3, etc.), two or more velocity targets (CS1, CS2, etc.), three or more pen-type free-field pressure sensors (S1, S2, S3, etc.), three or more disc-type free-field pressure sensors (HS1, HS2, HS3, etc.), and three or more simulated dummies (JR1, JR2, JR3, etc.). Each dummy has a wall pressure sensor installed on its head, chest, and legs. Optional items include one or more bomb disposal suits (D1, D2, etc.).

[0085] Each of the explosion sources (E1, E2, E3, etc.) consists of an explosive material with multiple pre-formed fragments wrapped around the outside of the explosive. The explosions are detonated simultaneously to assess the maximum destructive effect caused by explosions at multiple points.

[0086] The pine target (T1) is used to test the dispersion of fragments generated by an explosion. It is a fan-shaped target made of pine wood, at least 2 meters high, with an arc length at least a preset length. By recording the impact positions, number, and distribution of fragments on the pine target T1, the kill radius and force field of the fragments are quantified. This helps assess the random dispersion characteristics of fragments in multi-point explosions, such as analyzing the fragment coverage area and potential damage radius of a chain explosion, thereby identifying high-risk areas. The preset length needs to cover the multi-angle paths of fragment dispersion.

[0087] Impulse targets (CL1, CL2, CL3, etc.) consist of a thin target plate, a target frame, and a pressure plate. The thin target plate and target frame are bolted together via the pressure plate to form a rigid test unit. This unit is used to test the combined effects of blast shock waves, particularly the dynamic impact force (impulse) and deformation aftereffects of the shock wave on the target, thus supporting blast-resistant structural design. The shock wave generated by the explosion acts on the surface of the impulse target plate, causing deformation. By measuring the deflection of the thin target plate, the combined aftereffects of the shock wave are analyzed, including peak pressure, duration of impact, and magnitude of impulse. For example, greater deformation indicates higher shock wave energy, which can be used to deduce the propagation laws of the shock wave. Multiple impulse targets are distributed at different distances and orientations around the blast source to capture the spatial variations of the shock wave. Therefore, impulse targets can be used to quantify the combined effects of shock wave energy and time, helping to assess the superposition effects of shock waves in multi-point explosions (such as the enhanced destructive force of waves generated by multiple blast sources). This is particularly crucial in determining the blast-resistant performance of building structures or personal protective equipment.

[0088] Velocity measuring targets (CS1, CS2, etc.) employ a switching target mechanism to test the velocity of explosive fragments, providing quantitative data on the fragment's kinetic energy. This helps determine the fragment's penetration capability, trajectory, and flight distance when assessing the hazardous effects of multi-point explosions, such as analyzing the impact risk to protective equipment or the human body, thereby achieving lethality assessment. The velocity measuring target includes multiple sensor arrays, which are triggered by switching signals when fragments pass through. The testing principle is based on time interval measurement: the time difference between the fragment crossing two or more sensor points is used to calculate the initial velocity of the fragment (initial velocity = distance / time), and the average value is taken to derive the fragment's flight attenuation characteristics, further determining the hazard radius of the fragment dispersion.

[0089] Pen-type free-field pressure sensors (S1, S2, S3) and disc-type free-field pressure sensors (HS1, HS2, HS3, etc.) are fixed on supports at a certain height, at the same height as multiple explosion sources, to compare and test the shock wave pressure parameters generated by multi-point explosions. The disc-type free-field pressure sensor is used to test the overpressure parameters of multi-directional dynamic superposition shock waves from multiple explosion sources.

[0090] The simulated dummies (JR1, JR2, JR3, etc.) are pointed at the center of the explosion source. Wall pressure sensors are installed on their heads, chests, and legs. The chest sensor is positioned at the same height as the explosion source and is used to test the reflected overpressure parameters of the multi-point explosion shock wave acting on various key parts of the human body.

[0091] Bomb disposal suits (D1, D2, etc.) are put on simulated dummies, which include at least one wearing a bomb disposal suit and one not wearing one, to test the comparison of shock wave pressure attenuation before and after protection.

[0092] Pen-type and disc-type free-field pressure sensors, wall pressure sensors mounted on the simulated dummy, and speed measuring targets are all connected to the testing system; pine targets, impulse targets, speed measuring targets, pen-type and disc-type free-field pressure sensors, and simulated dummy are all required to be fixedly installed on the bracket or target frame, and the bracket or target frame must be fixed to the ground.

[0093] S2: Based on the actual situation, determine the number of explosion sources and the amount of explosive charge for the multi-point explosion. Distribute the positions of each explosion source (E1, E2, E3, etc.) evenly on the same circumference. The center of this circumference is the geometric center point of the multi-point explosion, denoted as center point O. The radius of this circumference is denoted as r1. Each explosion source should have the same height. Connect each explosion source in sequence to form a polygon, denoted as the explosion source polygon.

[0094] S3: Based on the number of explosion sources and the amount of explosive charge, the ventral distribution of the shock wave overpressure peak is analyzed. The ventral line is formed by connecting the points where the shock wave fronts from multiple explosion sources arrive at the same time, causing the overpressure to superimpose and reach the overpressure peak. This invention only considers the ventral line outside the explosion source polygon.

[0095] The abdominal line is formed by connecting the points where the shock wave fronts from multiple explosion sources arrive simultaneously, resulting in positive superposition of overpressure and reaching the overpressure peak. Since the explosion sources are uniformly distributed on the circumference, the shock wave generated by each source is a spherical wave propagating outward from that source. When these shock waves meet, interference occurs. At certain locations, shock waves from different explosion sources reinforce each other, forming constructive interference. The overpressure amplitudes at these locations are relatively large, and connecting the points where positive superposition reaches the overpressure peak constitutes the shock wave's abdominal line. This invention only considers the abdominal line outside the polygon of the explosion sources.

[0096] In this embodiment, all explosive sources have the same charge; however, the charge amounts can also be different. When the charge amounts are the same, the ventral line is the perpendicular bisector of the line connecting adjacent explosive sources. When the charge amounts are different, it is necessary to model and analyze the location of the ventral line.

[0097] like Figure 3As shown, different numbers of explosion sources correspond to different distributions of the ventral lines. For three explosion sources, there are three ventral lines, which are the perpendicular bisectors of the lines connecting each pair of explosion sources E1, E2, and E3, and are located outside the polygon of the explosion sources.

[0098] S4: Predict the peak overpressure of the shock wave and plan the layout of the measuring points. With the center point O as the center, a baseline circle is obtained with the location of the predicted peak overpressure of the shock wave at 0.020 MPa as the radius, an inner circle is obtained with the location of the predicted peak overpressure of the shock wave at 0.022 MPa as the radius, and an outer circle is obtained with the location of the predicted peak overpressure of the shock wave at 0.018 MPa as the radius. The measuring points are then arranged in a layered manner.

[0099] Among them, the reference circle serves as the criterion for the safety range of the test, the inner circle is used to test the destructive effect of multi-point explosion, and the outer circle is used to test the attenuation effect of multi-point explosion.

[0100] S5: Distribute disc-shaped free-field pressure sensors (HS1, HS2, HS3, etc.) on different ring layers, with a minimum of 3 sensors. All disc-shaped free-field pressure sensors point to the center point O.

[0101] The specific layout plan is as follows: Select any unused abdominal line, for example... Figure 1 The ventral line between the explosion sources E2 and E3 is shown. HS2 is placed at the intersection of this ventral line and the reference circle. Using the straight line where the center point O and HS2 are located as the baseline, and with the center point O as the rotation point, the baseline is rotated by +α degrees and -α degrees respectively (0 < α ≤ 30°). The intersection of the rotated baseline with the inner and outer circles are the positions of HS1 and HS3. If there are more than three disc-shaped free-field pressure sensors, the remaining disc-shaped free-field pressure sensors are evenly distributed based on HS1, HS2, and HS3 according to their distance and angle from the center point O. When arranging them, ensure that each disc-shaped free-field pressure sensor is not blocked by the others so that the test device will not interfere with each other with the shock wave. All disc-shaped free-field pressure sensors (HS1, HS2, HS3, etc.) point to the center point O.

[0102] S6: Deploy simulated dummies (JR1, JR2, JR3, etc.) in different concentric circles, with a minimum of 3 dummies. Install wall pressure sensors on the head, chest, and legs of the simulated dummies. All simulated dummies should point to the center point O. All wall pressure sensors installed on them should also point to the center point O.

[0103] The specific layout plan is as follows: Select any unused abdominal line, for example... Figure 1The ventral line between the explosion sources E1 and E3 is shown. JR2 is placed at the intersection of this ventral line and the reference circle. Using the straight line containing the center point O and JR2 as the baseline, and the center point O as the rotation point, the baseline is rotated by +α degrees and -α degrees respectively (0 < α ≤ 30°). The intersection of the rotated baseline with the inner and outer circles are the positions of JR1 and JR3. If there are more than three simulated dummies, the remaining simulated dummies are evenly distributed according to the distance and angle from the center point O based on JR1, JR2, and JR3. When deploying, ensure that each simulated dummy is not obstructed by the others so that the simulated dummies do not interfere with each other's test results. All simulated dummies point to the center point O, and all wall pressure sensors installed on them also point to the center point O.

[0104] If there is a test subject for bomb disposal suits, bomb disposal suits (D1, D2, etc.) should be put on simulated dummies, including at least one wearing a bomb disposal suit and one not wearing a bomb disposal suit, to test the comparison of shock wave pressure attenuation before and after protection.

[0105] S7: Deploy impulse targets (CL1, CL2, CL3, etc.) in different concentric circles, with a minimum of 3 targets, and all impulse targets point to the center point O.

[0106] The specific layout plan is as follows: Select any unused abdominal line, for example... Figure 1 The ventral lines of the explosion sources E1 and E2 are shown, and CL2 is placed at the intersection of this ventral line and the reference circle. That is, HS2, JR2, and CL2 are located on the ventral lines between different explosion sources to ensure that they do not interfere with each other.

[0107] Using the straight line containing center point O and CL2 as the baseline, and center point O as the rotation point, rotate the baseline by +α degrees and -α degrees respectively (0 < α ≤ 30°). The intersection of the rotated baseline with the inner and outer circles is the position of CL1 and CL3. If there are more than three impulse targets, the remaining impulse targets are evenly distributed based on CL1, CL2, and CL3 according to their distance and angle from center point O. When placing them, ensure that each impulse target is not obstructed by the others so that the impulse targets do not interfere with each other's test results. All impulse targets should point towards center point O.

[0108] S8: Pen-type free-field pressure sensors (S1, S2, S3, etc.) are deployed in different layers, and all pen-type free-field pressure sensors point to the same selected explosion source.

[0109] Arbitrarily select an explosion source, such as E3; place a pen-type free-field pressure sensor S2 at the intersection of the ray formed by the center point O and the explosion source E3 and the reference circle; using the straight line where the explosion source E3 and S2 are located as the baseline, and using the selected explosion source E3 as the rotation point, rotate the baseline by +α degrees and -α degrees respectively (0 < α ≤ 30°). The intersection of the rotated baseline with the inner circle and the outer circle are the positions of S1 and S3; all pen-type free-field pressure sensors (S1, S2, S3) point to the same explosion source E3; ensure that the pen-type free-field pressure sensors are not obstructed by each other and that the test results do not interfere with each other during the deployment.

[0110] S9: Set up fan-shaped pine targets on the inner circle.

[0111] The pine target is a uniform, thick pine wood target with a height of no less than 2 meters. Its bottom edge is attached to the inner circle and corresponds to an arc on the inner circle with an arc length of no less than a preset length. The fan-shaped pine target points towards the explosion source E1. When setting it up, a ray is drawn starting from the center point O and passing through the explosion source E1. This ray is extended to intersect the inner circle, and the intersection point is the center of the pine target. The semi-circular fragments wrapped around the explosion sources E1 and E3 are aligned with the pine target to ensure that the pine target can capture the dynamics of the fragments near the explosion source.

[0112] S10: Deploy speed measuring targets at an unobstructed position on the inner ring, where they are not obstructed by other sensors.

[0113] The three layers of test target paper of the velocity measuring target are evenly distributed with continuity lines to capture the velocity and dispersion of fragments. During deployment, the timing system is connected by cables to ensure complete data acquisition.

[0114] The innermost layer of the test target paper for the velocity measuring targets is arranged on the inner ring; all velocity measuring targets are arranged to point towards an explosion source E2, but unlike the pine target which points to an explosion source E1. If there are multiple velocity measuring targets, they do not obstruct each other, and the innermost layers of the test target paper for each velocity measuring target are arranged side by side near the inner ring.

[0115] S11: Connect each sensor to the test system via cables. Connect each pressure sensor on the pen-type free field pressure sensor (S1-S3, etc.), the disc-type free field pressure sensor (HS1-HS3, etc.), and the simulated dummy (JR1-JR3, etc.) to the data acquisition system in the test system, and establish a synchronous detonation and synchronous start-up relationship between the test system and the multi-point explosion source.

[0116] S12: Connect the speed measuring target and the timer electrically.

[0117] S13: After all the above-mentioned testing equipment is installed, personnel will leave and professional personnel will enter the site to install multiple explosive sources.

[0118] S14: Ignite and detonate according to the commander's order. Multiple explosives detonate simultaneously, and the test system is activated in sync.

[0119] S15: Record all test results. Record the shock wave pressure-time history curves measured by the pen-type free-field pressure sensors (S1-S3, etc.) and disc-type free-field pressure sensors (HS1-HS3, etc.) using the testing system; record the data from each pressure sensor on the simulated dummies (JR1-JR3, etc.); record the time before and after the fragments pass through the velocity measuring targets (CS1-CS2, etc.); record the maximum deformation of the impulse targets (CL1-CL3, etc.). Record the total number of fragments that fall on the pine target T1, including the number that penetrates and the number that embeds into the pine target.

[0120] S16: Analyze the test data, compare the pressure curves of the measured shock wave pressures HS1 and S1, HS2 and S2, HS3 and S3, etc., to obtain the comparative relationship of the harmful effects caused by multi-point explosion and single-point explosion, and analyze the shock wave propagation characteristics of HS1, HS2, HS3, etc. at different distances in a multi-point explosion; based on the pressure-time history curves recorded on the simulated dummies (JR1-JR3, etc.), analyze the possible damage to the human body caused by the reflected overpressure after the shock wave action; based on the time before and after the fragments pass through the velocity measuring targets (CS1-CS2, etc.) measured by the recorded data, analyze the fragment dispersion velocity, calculate the fragment dispersion distance, and combine the analysis of the number of fragments hitting the target to obtain the range of the fragment dispersion force field; based on the deformation data of the impulse targets (CL1-CL3, etc.), obtain the combined effect of the shock wave and the action time.

[0121] S17: Compile test reports and obtain multi-point explosion hazard effect assessment reports.

[0122] It should be noted that the order of steps S5 to S10 above is only for clarity and conciseness, and can be adjusted according to the actual situation. They can be performed sequentially or in parallel; the order can be the reverse of the above order.

[0123] Compared with existing technologies, this invention can simultaneously and accurately acquire quantitative data on the multi-dimensional hazard effects of multi-point explosion scenarios in a single test, demonstrating significant technical advantages. Through a unique test deployment method based on shock wave belly theory and a layered layout, it effectively captures the dynamic superposition and spatial attenuation patterns of shock waves unique to multi-point explosions, the comprehensive power field distribution of fragmentation, and the reflected overpressure and potential injury risks of shock waves to key parts of the human body. Furthermore, it quantifies the comprehensive aftereffects of the explosion on structures using an impulse target. This invention not only fills the technical gap in standardized quantitative testing and evaluation of the hazard effects of multi-point explosions but also provides solid, reliable, and high-precision data support for the research and development of explosion-proof and bomb disposal equipment, the optimization of blast-resistant design of building structures, and the scientific formulation of public safety emergency plans by comparing single-point and multi-point explosion data.

[0124] Second Embodiment

[0125] like Figure 2 As shown, based on the above-described multi-point explosion hazard effect assessment test method, the second embodiment of the present invention further provides a multi-point explosion hazard effect assessment test system. This system includes multiple sensors, signal conditioning equipment, data acquisition equipment, synchronous linkage control equipment, data processing and analysis system, and display equipment. Each sensor is connected to the signal conditioning equipment. The signal conditioning equipment amplifies, filters, and converts the signals from the sensors to ensure that the data acquisition equipment accurately and safely reads the sensor signals. The synchronous linkage control equipment starts or stops all equipment or sensors according to preset conditions, ensuring that all data acquisition channels begin recording at the same time and are sampled based on the same timestamp, guaranteeing that all data are strictly aligned on the timeline.

[0126] The data processing and analysis system includes a processor and a memory, used to control the overall operation of the system to complete all or part of the steps of the aforementioned multi-point explosion hazard effect assessment test method. The processor can be a central processing unit (CPU), graphics processing unit (GPU), field-programmable gate array (FPGA), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), digital signal processing (DSP) chip, etc. The memory is used to store various types of data to support the operation of the system. This data may include, for example, instructions for any application or method operating on the system, as well as application-related data. The memory can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, etc.

[0127] In another exemplary embodiment, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium including program instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the multi-point explosion hazard effect assessment test method in any of the above embodiments. For example, the computer-readable storage medium may be the memory including the program instructions described above, which may be executed by the system's processor to complete the multi-point explosion hazard effect assessment test method described above and achieve the same technical effects as the method described above.

[0128] It should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples. The technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined, and the order of the steps can be changed, all of which are within the protection scope of this invention.

[0129] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0130] The multi-point explosion hazard effect assessment test method and system provided by this invention have been described in detail above. Any obvious modifications made to this invention by those skilled in the art without departing from its essential content will constitute an infringement of the patent rights of this invention and will incur corresponding legal liability.

Claims

1. A test method for assessing the hazard effects of multi-point explosions, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: S1: Prepare the explosive source and test materials; wherein, the explosive source is a plurality of test explosive sources, each explosive source having multiple pre-made fragments wrapped around the outside of the explosive, and the detonation is carried out in a synchronous manner; the test materials include at least one pine target, no less than three impulse targets, no less than two velocity targets, no less than three pen-type free field pressure sensors, no less than three disc-shaped free field pressure sensors, and no less than three simulated dummies; each simulated dummy is equipped with a wall pressure sensor on its head, chest and legs; S2: Distribute all explosion sources evenly on the same circumference; the center of this circumference is the geometric center of the multi-point explosion, defined as center point O; all explosion sources are at the same height. S3: Based on the number of explosion sources and the amount of explosive charge, the distribution of the overpressure peak of the shock wave is analyzed and obtained; the abdominal line is formed by connecting the points where the shock wave fronts of multiple explosion sources arrive at the same time, causing the overpressure to be positively superimposed and reaching the overpressure peak. S4: Using the center point O as the center, delineate the reference circle, inner circle, and outer circle based on the predicted peak value of the shock wave overpressure; S5: Install disc-shaped free-field pressure sensors on the reference ring, inner ring, and outer ring, with all disc-shaped free-field pressure sensors pointing towards the center point O; S6: Simulated dummies are placed on the reference circle, inner circle and outer circle, with all simulated dummies pointing to the center point O, and the wall pressure sensors installed on the simulated dummies pointing to the center point O; S7: Place impulse targets on the reference circle, inner circle and outer circle, with all impulse targets pointing towards the center point O; S8: Pen-type free-field pressure sensors are installed on the reference ring, inner ring, and outer ring, and all pen-type free-field pressure sensors point to the same selected explosion source; S9: Arrange fan-shaped pine targets on the inner circle, with the pine targets pointing at a selected explosion source; S10: Deploy velocity measuring targets on the inner ring, with the targets pointing at another selected explosion source; S11: Connect each sensor to the test system to establish a synchronous detonation and synchronous start-up relationship; S12: Connect the speed measuring target to the timer; S13: Evacuate personnel after installing the explosive source; S14: Simultaneous detonation of multiple explosive sources, with the test system starting synchronously; S15: Record the test results of each sensor; S16: Analyze the test data; S17: Generate a multi-point explosion hazard effect assessment report.

2. The multi-point explosion hazard effect assessment test method as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The method for determining the abdominal line in step S3 includes: If the explosive charges of each explosive source are the same, then the belly line is the part of the perpendicular bisector of the line connecting adjacent explosive sources located outside the polygon of the explosive source. If the explosive charges of each explosive source are different, the distribution of the overpressure peak point of the shock wave is determined by modeling and calculation to obtain the abdominal line.

3. The multi-point explosion hazard effect assessment test method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When testing a bomb disposal suit, the suit is worn on at least one mannequin, and at least one mannequin not wearing a bomb disposal suit is used as a control.

4. The multi-point explosion hazard effect assessment test method as described in claim 1, characterized in that... When setting up the disc-shaped free-field pressure sensor, the simulated dummy, and the impulse target in steps S5 to S7, perform the following operations: A benchmark testing device is set up at the intersection of a selected web line and a reference circle; Using the line connecting the benchmark testing equipment and the center point O as the baseline, and using the center point O as the rotation point, rotate the baseline by +α degrees and -α degrees, where 0 < α ≤ 30°; Other test equipment of the same type are set up at the intersection of the rotated baseline with the inner and outer rings; Among them, the reference device of the disc-shaped free field pressure sensor is HS2, the inner ring device is HS1, and the outer ring device is HS3; The baseline device for the simulated dummy is JR2, the inner ring device is JR1, and the outer ring device is JR3; The reference device for the impulse target is CL2, the inner ring device is CL1, and the outer ring device is CL3; The disc-shaped free-field pressure sensor, the simulated dummy, and the impulse target all have different selected abdominal lines.

5. The multi-point explosion hazard effect assessment test method as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The method for deploying the pen-type free-field pressure sensor in step S8 includes: A pen-type free-field pressure sensor S2 is installed at the intersection of the line connecting the center point O and the selected explosion source E3 and the reference circle. Using the line connecting the explosion source E3 and the sensor S2 as the baseline, and taking the explosion source E3 as the rotation point, rotate the baseline by +α degrees and -α degrees, where 0 < α ≤ 30°; Pen-type free-field pressure sensors S1 and S3 are respectively installed at the intersections of the rotated baseline with the inner and outer rings; All pen-type free-field pressure sensors are pointing towards the explosion source E3 and do not obstruct each other.

6. The multi-point explosion hazard effect assessment test method as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The method for setting up the pine target in step S9 includes: The pine target is a fan-shaped, homogeneous, thick target with a height of not less than 2 meters. The bottom edge of the pine target is fitted to the inner circle, and the arc length is not less than the preset length. The pine target is pointed at the explosion source E1, and is positioned at the intersection of the line connecting the center point O and the explosion source E1 and the inner circle. The semi-circular fragments encased on the explosion sources E1 and E3 were pointing towards the pine target.

7. The multi-point explosion hazard effect assessment test method as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The method for setting up the velocity measuring target in step S10 includes: All velocity measuring targets point to the explosion source E2, and the explosion source E2 is different from the explosion source E1 that the pine target points to; The innermost layer of the speed measuring target test paper is arranged on the inner ring; If multiple speed measuring targets are set up, each speed measuring target will not block the others, and the innermost layer of the target paper will be arranged side by side close to the inner circle.

8. The multi-point explosion hazard effect assessment test method as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The test results recorded in step S15 include: Shock wave pressure-time history curves measured by pen-type free-field pressure sensor and disc-type free-field pressure sensor; Reflected overpressure data measured by pressure sensors on various walls of the simulated dummy; The time it takes for the fragments to pass through the sensor array, as recorded by the velocity measuring target; The maximum deformation of the impulse target; The total number of fragment impacts on the pine target, and the distinction between the number of penetrating fragments and the number of embedded fragments; All data is recorded synchronously based on a unified time benchmark of the test system.

9. The multi-point explosion hazard effect assessment test method as described in claim 1, characterized in that... Step S16 involves analyzing the test data, including: By comparing the pressure-time history curves of disc-shaped free-field pressure sensors and pen-shaped free-field pressure sensors at corresponding layers and orientations, a quantitative comparison of the hazard effects of multi-point explosions and single-point explosions was obtained. By analyzing the pressure-time history curves of a disc-shaped free-field pressure sensor at different distances, the propagation and attenuation characteristics of the shock wave are obtained. Analyze the reflected overpressure-time history curves of the pressure sensor on the upper wall of the simulated dummy to assess the risk of shock wave damage to key parts of the human body. Calculate the fragment dispersion velocity based on the velocity target data, and analyze the fragment force field range and kill radius by combining the pine target data; The impact of the shock wave and its combined effect on the structure are analyzed based on the deformation of the impact target.

10. A multi-point explosion hazard effect assessment and testing system, characterized in that... include: Multiple sensors, including a pen-shaped free-field pressure sensor, a disc-shaped free-field pressure sensor, a wall pressure sensor mounted on a mannequin, and a speed measuring target; Signal conditioning equipment is used to amplify, filter, and convert sensor signals; Data acquisition equipment is used to acquire conditioned signals; Synchronous linkage control equipment is used to control all equipment to start and stop synchronously, ensuring that data timestamps are consistent; A data processing and analysis system includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the multi-point explosion hazard effect assessment test method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; Display devices are used to display test results and analysis reports.

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