Direct-current electrostatic motor based on medium packaging technology

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of electrostatic motors, and particularly relates to a direct-current electrostatic motor based on a medium packaging technology, and the motor comprises a rotor module which comprises a rotor blade and a packaging thin wall used for packaging the rotor blade, a packaging cavity is formed in the packaging thin wall, and the packaging cavity is filled with an insulating medium; the stator module comprises a plurality of stator blades and a stator frame, and the stator blades are supported and fixed on the stator frame and are alternately connected with a positive electrode and a negative electrode of an external power supply; the output module is used for outputting the rotary motion of the rotor module as mechanical energy; according to the direct-current electrostatic motor based on the medium packaging technology, the power density, the operation efficiency and the stability of the electrostatic motor are remarkably improved through the system combination design of close-packed packaging, medium strengthening and modularized static and rotor structures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electrostatic motor technology, and particularly relates to a DC electrostatic motor based on dielectric encapsulation technology. Background Technology

[0002] An electrostatic motor, as a device that achieves electromechanical energy conversion based on electrostatic force, works by applying a Coulomb force to a charged conductor through an electric field, thereby driving a rotor to produce mechanical motion. Unlike traditional electromagnetic motors, which rely on the interaction of magnetic fields for energy conversion, the energy transfer of an electrostatic motor depends entirely on the force between the electrostatic field and the electric charge. Therefore, it has outstanding advantages such as simple structure, low power consumption, fast response speed, no electromagnetic interference, and the ability to be miniaturized. With the continuous development of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology, precision drive systems, and power sources for special environments, electrostatic motors, as a novel form of drive, have shown high application potential in fields such as micro-actuators, space devices, precision instruments, and special energy conversion.

[0003] Existing electrostatic motors typically consist of three main parts: a stator module, a rotor module, and a charge transfer module. The stator module comprises several stator electrodes, which are alternately connected to the positive and negative terminals of a high-voltage DC power supply to create a strong electric field between the stator and the rotor. The rotor module consists of several conductive blades or plates fixed to the rotor frame and rotated under the influence of the electrostatic field and driven by Coulomb torque. The charge transfer module uses a brush contact type or an electric field induction type structure to achieve periodic charging and discharging of the rotor, thereby maintaining the continuous operation of the motor. Based on different structural forms, electrostatic motors can be mainly divided into three categories: disc-shaped, cylindrical, and linear. Among them, disc-shaped electrostatic motors, such as... Figure 1 As shown, with a planar rotating disk as the core component, stator and rotor electrodes are arranged alternately along the circumference, and charge transfer is achieved through brushes. This type of structure has advantages such as simple structure and relatively easy manufacturing, and was widely used in early electrostatic drive research; while cylindrical structures, such as Figure 2 As shown, a is the positive and negative electrode plate (stator), and b is the rotor blade (rotor). By setting multiple stationary and rotor electrodes distributed along the circumference on the surface of the cylinder, a larger electric field area can be obtained. Compared with the disc motor, the cylindrical motor can achieve more stable continuous rotation and is suitable for low-speed and high-precision drive applications. The linear electrostatic motor achieves linear reciprocating motion through electrostatic force and is often used in micro-mechanical actuators.

[0004] However, despite the theoretically high energy conversion efficiency of electrostatic motors, their actual output performance is still limited by multiple factors: First, existing electrostatic motors generally use air as the dielectric medium between the rotor blades and the stator electrodes. Because air has an extremely low relative permittivity (approximately 1.0005), according to the capacitance calculation formula for a parallel-plate capacitor, C = ε₀ε₀... r S / d (where ε0 is the vacuum permittivity, ε r (where S is the relative permittivity of the dielectric, d is the area of ​​the plates facing each other, and d is the distance between the plates). With structural parameters such as ε0, S, and d fixed, the relative permittivity ε of the dielectric is... r The magnitude of the dielectric constant directly determines the value of the equivalent capacitance C, which in turn affects the charge Q on the rotor blades through Q=CU (U is the applied voltage). A small dielectric constant results in a limited equivalent capacitance value, thus limiting the charge on the rotor blades and leading to insufficient electrostatic output density. This problem is particularly prominent in applications requiring high power density or high torque output. Simultaneously, the limited breakdown strength of air also restricts the increase in motor operating voltage, further affecting system efficiency and reliability. Although using high dielectric constant media (such as barium titanate ceramics, insulating oil, or high dielectric constant silicone oil) can improve the charging capacity, existing motor structures are generally not adapted for non-gaseous media, making it difficult to effectively contain, seal, or maintain media stability. This leads to interference between solid media and rotor motion, while liquid media pose risks of leakage and corrosion, thus hindering engineering applications.

[0005] Secondly, the operation of an electrostatic motor mainly relies on the electric field interaction between the stator and rotor. The area between the stator blades is a region of concentrated electric field, and its insulation performance directly determines the motor's withstand voltage limit and operational safety, making it a core limiting factor for the motor's withstand voltage rating. Simultaneously, improving the insulation capacity of the stator blades can reduce leakage losses, support higher operating voltages, break through efficiency limits, and optimize the output performance of the electrostatic motor. This is especially crucial for high-current electrostatic motors, which have large operating currents, higher electric field strengths, and greater energy density. In existing technologies, air is typically used as the insulating medium between the blades. However, air has low insulation strength and is easily affected by environmental factors, making it difficult to meet high withstand voltage requirements. Insufficient insulation between the blades can easily lead to leakage, surface discharge, and even insulation breakdown, resulting in a significant decrease in motor efficiency, frequent malfunctions, and even direct damage. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the withstand voltage capacity by optimizing the insulation structure between the blades. Filling the space between the stator blades with insulating materials such as solids, liquids, or gases can specifically compensate for the defects in air insulation, fill the gaps and pores to reduce electric field distortion, avoid discharge problems caused by excessively high local field strength, and thus enhance the withstand voltage stability of the motor. This has become a key direction for improving the actual output performance of electrostatic motors. However, due to the relative rotation between the stator and rotor modules, the stator module packaging faces constraints such as design difficulties, easy leakage of the packaging medium, and high motor running resistance after the stator module is packaged, which has made it difficult to realize engineering applications.

[0006] Therefore, how to significantly improve the charging capability of the stationary and rotor blades and enhance the insulation capability of the stator blades through structural design optimization of the stationary and rotor modules has become a key issue that urgently needs to be addressed in the field of electrostatic motor technology. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention aims to solve the problems of insufficient output force and unstable medium caused by the low dielectric constant of the air medium between the stationary and rotor blades of existing electrostatic motors. It proposes a DC electrostatic motor based on dielectric encapsulation technology. By adopting a high dielectric constant dielectric encapsulation design in the stationary and rotor modules, the equivalent capacitance per unit volume is significantly improved, the withstand voltage of the stator blades is increased, and efficient charge storage and conversion are achieved, thereby improving the motor's output torque, power density, and operational stability.

[0008] In view of this, the present invention provides a DC electrostatic motor based on dielectric encapsulation technology, comprising: The rotor module includes multiple rotor blades evenly spaced along the circumferential direction and a thin encapsulation wall for encapsulating the rotor blades. The thin encapsulation wall covers the outside of the rotor blades in a fully enclosed or semi-enclosed manner, forming an encapsulation cavity inside the thin encapsulation wall. The encapsulation cavity is filled with an insulating medium having a preset dielectric constant, and the relative dielectric constant of the insulating medium is greater than that of air. The stator module includes multiple stator blades and a stator frame that are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction. The stator blades are supported and fixed on the stator frame and are alternately connected to the positive and negative terminals of an external power source to form an electrostatic driving electric field between the stator module and the rotor module. An output module, which is connected to the rotor module in a transmission manner, is used to output the rotational motion of the rotor module as mechanical energy; A charge transfer assembly is provided between the rotor module and the stator module, the charge transfer assembly being used for charge exchange between the rotor blades and the stator blades.

[0009] Furthermore, the encapsulation thin wall completely surrounds the outside of the rotor blades.

[0010] Furthermore, the encapsulation thin wall includes a top plate and a bottom plate covering the upper and lower ends of the rotor blade, and a side plate covering the side wall of the rotor blade. The encapsulation cavity is formed by the side plate, the top plate and the bottom plate. The rotor blade is disposed in the encapsulation cavity, and the insulating medium is filled between two adjacent rotor blades.

[0011] Furthermore, the rotor blades are fixedly connected to the encapsulation thin wall.

[0012] Furthermore, the stator frame has an annular cylindrical structure, and the stator blades are evenly spaced on the outer side of the stator frame; The output module includes: The mounting plate is located within the static frame and is connected to the static frame; An output shaft passes through and is connected to the mounting plate; The output shaft is capable of rotating relative to the stator frame.

[0013] Furthermore, the output shaft in the output module passes through the center of the encapsulation thin wall and is fixedly connected to the encapsulation thin wall. Under the action of the electrostatic driving electric field, the rotor blades can drive the output shaft to rotate synchronously through the encapsulation thin wall.

[0014] Furthermore, the static submodule also includes: The outer casing covering the outside of the stator blades, The inner shell covering the inside of the stator blades, The outer shell and inner shell cooperate with the stator frame to form a cavity for accommodating the stator blades, and the cavity is filled with an insulating medium with a relative permittivity greater than that of air.

[0015] Furthermore, the stator blades are C-shaped, with two stator blades on the same diameter arranged opposite each other. The outer shell and inner shell are fitted to the edges of the stator blades, forming a space inside the stator module to accommodate the rotor module.

[0016] Furthermore, a gap is reserved between the stator module and the rotor module.

[0017] Furthermore, the charge transfer component is located within the reserved gap, and the charge transfer component is a roller-type brush; A portion of the stator blade extends downward to be flush with or protrudes downward from the surface of the inner shell, forming a stator connection protrusion. A portion of the rotor blades extends upward to be flush with or slightly protruding from the top surface of the encapsulation thin wall, forming a rotor connection protrusion. The charge transfer component can sequentially contact the stator connecting protrusion and the rotor connecting protrusion to perform charge exchange between the rotor blades and the stator blades.

[0018] Compared with existing technologies, the DC electrostatic motor based on dielectric encapsulation technology described in this invention has the following advantages: This application achieves significant improvements in power density, operating efficiency, and stability of electrostatic motors through a system combination design of close-packed packaging, dielectric reinforcement, and modular stationary and rotor structures. The high-dielectric packaging structure of the rotor module enhances its charging capability, while the high-dielectric packaging structure of the stationary module improves its withstand voltage. The roller brush-type charge transfer component reduces energy loss and improves response speed. The overall design balances high output and long-life operation requirements. The introduction of high-dielectric dielectric increases the breakdown voltage, allowing for higher operating electric field strength. At the same time, the increased rotational inertia of the rotor module gives it better energy balance characteristics, further improving system energy efficiency and stability. This design achieves comprehensive performance optimization of low power consumption, high output, low noise, and high reliability while maintaining a compact structure, providing high-performance technical support for the application of electrostatic motors in fields such as micro-drive, precision control, and special energy conversion. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a disc-shaped electrostatic motor in the prior art; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a DC cylindrical electrostatic motor in the prior art; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the DC electrostatic motor described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the DC electrostatic motor described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the DC electrostatic motor described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the stator module in the DC electrostatic motor described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rotor module in the DC electrostatic motor described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the electrostatic motor described in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the equivalent capacitance of the rotor blades in the electrostatic motor described in Embodiment 2 of the present invention during charging. Figure 10 This is another three-dimensional structural diagram of the electrostatic motor described in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a structural diagram of the static submodule described in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 12 This is an exploded structural diagram of the static sub-module described in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a top view of the rotor module described in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 14This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the rotor module described in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 15 for Figure 14 The enlarged structural diagram of a portion of the encapsulated cavity shown in the figure; Figure 16 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the electrostatic motor described in Embodiment 3 of the present invention; Figure 17 This is a front view schematic diagram of the electrostatic motor described in Embodiment 3 of the present invention; Figure 18 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rotor module in the electrostatic motor described in Embodiment 3 of the present invention; Figure 19 This is another three-dimensional structural diagram of the electrostatic motor described in Embodiment 3 of the present invention; The markings in the diagram are as follows: 1. Rotor module; 101. Rotor blade; 1011. Rotor connecting protrusion; 102. Rotor frame; 103. Medium module; 1031. Encapsulation thin wall; 1032. Encapsulation cavity; 2. Stator module; 201. Stator blade; 201a. First airfoil section; 201b. Second airfoil section; 201c. Web section; 201d. Receiving section; 2011. Stator connecting protrusion; 202. Stator frame; 202a. Upper support frame; 202b. Lower support frame; 202c. Upper spoke support rod; 202d. Lower spoke support rod; 202e. First mounting section; 202f. Second mounting section; 203. Charge transfer assembly; 204. Stator connection wire; 204a. Upper conductive connection wire; 204b. Lower conductive connection wire; 205. Outer shell; 206. Inner shell; 3. Output module; 301. Mounting plate; 302. Output shaft; 303. Rotary bearing; 304. Liquid-sealed bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] It should be noted that all directional and positional terms used in this invention, such as "up," "down," "left," "right," "front," "back," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," "top," "lower," "lateral," "longitudinal," and "center," are only used to explain the relative positional relationships and connections between components in a specific state (as shown in the accompanying drawings). They are merely for the convenience of describing the invention and do not require the invention to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated.

[0022] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0023] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0024] In the DC electrostatic motor described in this invention, the dielectric constant between two adjacent rotor blades 101 or two adjacent stator blades 201 is changed by encapsulating the space between the rotor blades 101 or the stator blades 201 and filling it with a specific insulating medium. This increases the charge on the rotor blades 101 or the insulation capability of the stator blades 201, thereby improving the performance of the electrostatic motor and making its actual output performance better, its withstand voltage value higher, and its application range wider.

[0025] As some examples of the present invention, one or both of the rotor blades 101 and stator blades 201 can be encapsulated separately, and a specific insulating medium can be filled into the encapsulation cavity 1032 formed by the encapsulation as needed.

[0026] Example 1 like Figures 3-7 As shown, a DC electrostatic motor based on dielectric encapsulation technology includes: The rotor module 1 includes a plurality of rotor blades 101 evenly spaced along the circumferential direction and an encapsulation thin wall 1031 for encapsulating the rotor blades 101. The encapsulation thin wall 1031 covers the outside of the rotor blades 101 in a fully enclosed or semi-enclosed manner, and an encapsulation cavity 1032 is formed in the encapsulation thin wall 1031. The encapsulation cavity 1032 is filled with an insulating medium having a preset dielectric constant, and the relative dielectric constant of the insulating medium is greater than that of air. The stator module 2 includes a plurality of stator blades 201 evenly spaced along the circumferential direction and a stator frame 202. The stator blades 201 are supported and fixed on the stator frame 202 and are alternately connected to the positive and negative terminals of an external power source to form an electrostatic driving electric field between the stator module 2 and the rotor module 1. Output module 3, which is connected to rotor module 1 in a transmission manner, is used to output the rotational motion of rotor module 1 as mechanical energy; A charge transfer component 203 is provided between the rotor module 1 and the stator module 2. The charge transfer component 203 is used for charge exchange between the rotor blade 101 and the stator blade 201.

[0027] As a preferred example of the present invention, the rotor blade 101 and / or stator blade 201 are flat blades, and the rotor blade 101 and / or stator blade 201 are evenly spaced along the radial direction of the circle.

[0028] As some other examples of the invention, the rotor blades 101 and / or stator blades 201 may also be arranged at uniform intervals in a circumferential (i.e., tangent) direction.

[0029] As a preferred example of the present invention, the encapsulation thin wall 1031 covers the outside of the rotor blade 101 in a fully enclosed manner.

[0030] Specifically, such as Figure 7 As shown, the encapsulation thin wall 1031 includes a circular top plate and bottom plate covering the upper and lower ends of the rotor blade 101, and a cylindrical side plate covering the outer side wall of the rotor blade 101. The side plate, top plate and bottom plate can form a fully enclosed encapsulation cavity 1032. The rotor blade 101 is disposed in the encapsulation cavity 1032, and an insulating medium with a relative permittivity greater than that of air is filled between two adjacent rotor blades 101.

[0031] More preferably, the rotor blade 101 is fixedly connected to the encapsulation thin wall 1031, and the encapsulation thin wall 1031 is made of insulating material. In this case, the encapsulation thin wall 1031 can not only encapsulate the space where the rotor blade 101 is located, but also support and fix the rotor blade 101, while playing the function of the rotor frame. This helps to simplify the structure and number of components of the rotor module 1 and reduce its production and assembly difficulty.

[0032] As a preferred example of the present invention, the stator frame 202 has an annular cylindrical structure, and the stator blades 201 are evenly spaced on the outer side of the stator frame 202.

[0033] Furthermore, the output module 3 includes: Mounting plate 301 is located inside the static subframe 202 and is connected to the static subframe 202; An output shaft 302 passes through and is connected to the mounting plate 301; The output shaft 302 is capable of rotating relative to the stator frame 202.

[0034] As some examples of the present invention, in order to realize the rotational movement of the output shaft 302 relative to the stator frame 202, the output shaft 302 is rotatably connected to the mounting plate 301, and the mounting plate 301 is fixedly connected to the stator frame 202.

[0035] As some examples of the present invention, in order to realize the rotational movement of the output shaft 302 relative to the stator frame 202, the output shaft 302 may also be fixedly connected to the mounting plate 301, and the mounting plate 301 and the stator frame 202 may be rotatably connected.

[0036] As a preferred example of the present invention, the output shaft 302 can be rotatably connected to the stator frame 202 via a liquid-sealed bearing.

[0037] Furthermore, since the connection between the output shaft 302 and the mounting plate 301 does not involve the sealing requirements of the encapsulation medium, a common bearing can be installed here to achieve a rotatable connection between the output shaft 302 and the mounting plate 301.

[0038] Based on this, as a preferred example of the present invention, the output shaft 302 in the output module 3 passes through the center of the top plate and the bottom plate in the encapsulation thin wall 1031 and is fixedly connected to the top plate and the bottom plate in the encapsulation thin wall 1031. Under the action of the electrostatic driving electric field, the rotor blade 101 can drive the output shaft 302 to rotate synchronously through the encapsulation thin wall 1031.

[0039] As a preferred example of the present invention, the static submodule 2 further includes: The outer casing 205 covering the outside of the stator blade 201, The inner shell 206 covering the inside of the stator blade 201, The outer shell 205, the inner shell 206, and the stator frame 202 cooperate to form a closed cavity for accommodating the stator blade 201, and the cavity is filled with an insulating medium with a relative permittivity greater than that of air.

[0040] As some examples of the present invention, such as Figure 5 As shown, the stator blade 201 is C-shaped, and two stator blades 201 located on the same diameter are arranged opposite each other. The outer shell 205 and the inner shell 206 are arranged to fit the edge of the stator blade 201. Inside the stator module 2, that is, inside the accommodating cavity formed by the outer shell 205 and the inner shell 206, a space is formed to accommodate the rotor module 1.

[0041] As some specific examples of the present invention, such as Figure 5 As shown, when the stator blade 201 is C-shaped, a stator frame 202 and a mounting plate 301 are respectively provided on the upper and lower parts of the stator module 2. The output shaft 302 can be rotatably connected to the upper and lower ends of the stator module 2 through the mounting plate 301.

[0042] As some other examples of the present invention, the shape of the stator blade 201 is not limited and can be adjusted as needed. For example, the stator blade 201 can be rectangular, L-shaped, etc. Correspondingly, when the shape of the stator blade 201 changes, the shapes of the outer shell 205 and the inner shell 206 also need to be adjusted accordingly.

[0043] As a preferred example of the present invention, a gap is reserved between the stator module 2 and the rotor module 1 to ensure that the rotor module 1 can generate relative rotation within the stator module 2.

[0044] Preferably, in order to reduce the resistance of the rotor module 1 when it rotates relative to the stator module 2, lubricant can be filled in the reserved gap.

[0045] As a preferred example of the present invention, the charge transfer component 203 is located within the reserved gap and can contact the rotor blade 101 and the stator blade 201 respectively to realize charge exchange between the rotor blade 101 and the stator blade 201.

[0046] As a specific example of the present invention, gaps are reserved between adjacent surfaces of the rotor module 1 and the stator module 2, such as the upper side of the top plate, the lower side of the bottom plate, and the periphery of the side plate of the thin-walled 1031 encapsulated in the rotor module 1.

[0047] As a preferred example of the present invention, the charge transfer component 203 is disposed in the reserved gap on the upper side of the rotor module 1 and is able to contact the rotor blade 101 and the stator blade 201 respectively.

[0048] Specifically, the charge transfer component 203 is a roller brush. To achieve contact between the charge transfer component 203 and the rotor blades 101 and stator blades 201, a portion of the stator blades 201 can be extended downwards to be flush with or slightly protruding downwards from the surface of the inner housing 206, forming a stator connection protrusion 2011. Correspondingly, a portion of the rotor blades 101 can be extended upwards to be flush with or slightly protruding upwards from the top surface of the encapsulation thin wall 1031, forming a rotor connection protrusion 1011. At this time, the charge transfer component 203 can sequentially contact the rotor connection protrusions 1011 on each rotor blade 101 and the stator connection protrusions 2011 on each stator blade 201 to achieve charge exchange between the rotor blades 101 and the stator blades 201.

[0049] As some other examples of the present invention, the charge transfer component 203 may also be other types of brushes, and the position of the charge transfer component 203 may be adjusted as needed, as long as the charge transfer component 203 can contact the stator blade 201 and the rotor blade 101 respectively.

[0050] As some examples of the present invention, the rotor blades 101 and the rotor connecting protrusions 1011 are both made of conductive material. Similarly, the stator blades 201 and the stator connecting protrusions 2011 are also made of conductive material.

[0051] As a preferred example of the present invention, the rotor blade 101 and the rotor connecting protrusion 1011 are integrally formed, and the stator blade 201 and the stator connecting protrusion 2011 are integrally formed.

[0052] As a preferred example of the present invention, while ensuring airtightness, openings and sealing caps can be added to the encapsulation housings of the rotor module 1 and the stator module 2 to facilitate the filling of medium and installation.

[0053] As some examples of the present invention, the types of insulating media encapsulated in the rotor module 1 and the stator module 2 may be the same or different.

[0054] Example 2 like Figures 8-15 As shown, this application discloses a DC electrostatic motor based on dielectric encapsulation technology, comprising: The rotor module 1 includes a plurality of rotor blades 101 arranged radially close together along the rotating circular surface and a rotor frame 102 for supporting the rotor blades 101. A medium module 103 is provided in the region of adjacent rotor blades 101 in the rotor module 1. The medium module 103 is fixedly connected to the rotor module 1 and rotates synchronously with the rotor module 1. The stator module 2 includes stator blades 201 and stator frame 202. The stator blades 201 are supported and fixed on the stator frame 202 and are alternately connected to the positive and negative terminals of an external power source to form an electrostatic driving electric field between the stator module 2 and the rotor module 1. Output module 3 is connected to rotor module 1 for transmitting the rotational motion of rotor module 1 as mechanical energy. The dielectric module 103 is an insulating medium with a preset dielectric constant, and the relative dielectric constant of the insulating medium is greater than that of air.

[0055] It is known that electrostatic force is a surface force, and its magnitude is directly related to the charged area. In existing technologies, stationary and rotor blades are generally arranged in parallel along the circumference. While this design is beneficial for rotational balance, it is constrained by geometric space. In disc or cylindrical configurations, the blade width and number are limited by the circumferential length and insulation gap, making it impossible to simultaneously achieve a "large area" and "multiple blades" design, resulting in an upper limit on the total charged area. For cylindrical motors, the total charged area of ​​the blades theoretically cannot exceed the side surface area of ​​the cylinder; for disc motors, it is limited by the radial dimension and number of layers of the disc. This insufficient space utilization directly limits the motor's output torque and power density.

[0056] This application discloses a rotor-encapsulated close-packed electrostatic motor, comprising a rotor module 1, a stator module 2, and an output module 3. The rotor module 1, as the core motion component, includes multiple conductive rotor blades 101 arranged radially close together along a rotating surface, and a rotor frame 102 supporting and fixing the rotor blades 101. The rotor blades 101 are arranged radially along the rotating surface of the rotor module 1 and extend vertically along the radial direction of the rotating surface, uniformly arranged circumferentially. This significantly increases the number of rotor blades 101 and the total charged area per unit volume compared to traditional circumferential arrangements, thereby achieving higher output torque and power density within the same dimensions. A fan-shaped gap area is naturally formed between adjacent rotor blades 101, and a dielectric module 103 is disposed therein. The dielectric module 103 is integrally fixed to the rotor blades 101 or the rotor frame 102 to form an encapsulated structure, and has no relative displacement with respect to the rotor blades 101 during rotation. The stator module 2 consists of multiple stator blades 201 alternately connected to the positive and negative terminals of a high-voltage power supply and a positioning element. The stator frame 202 is composed of an output module 3 connected to the rotor module 1, which transfers the rotational energy of the rotor module 1 into mechanical output. The dielectric module is made of an insulating dielectric material with a relative permittivity greater than that of air, such as a high-dielectric-constant solid, liquid, or composite dielectric, to replace the traditional air dielectric region and improve the equivalent capacitance value. The working principle of this motor is based on the capacitive coupling drive effect under the action of an electrostatic field. A stable electrostatic drive electric field is established between the stator blades 201 and the rotor blades 101 by alternating positive and negative poles. The rotor blades 101 and the stator blades 201 form an equivalent parallel plate capacitor system in space. After the rotor blades 101 are charged by brushes or corona discharge, they are driven to rotate by a tangential Coulomb torque under the action of the electric field. Because the rotor blades 101 are densely packed radially with a very small spacing, the facing area between the stator and rotor is significantly increased. At the same time, the dielectric module 103 set in the fan-shaped gap between the rotor blades 101 provides a dielectric environment with a high dielectric constant. According to the capacitance calculation formula C=ε0ε r From S / d, we can know the dielectric constant ε r The increase in the value of the equivalent capacitance C and the expansion of the area S of the electrode plate will directly increase the rotor charge Q=CU, so that under the same applied voltage conditions, the rotor blade 101 can carry more charge and generate a greater electrostatic force. Under the continuous force action of the charged rotor blade 101 in the electrostatic field, the rotor module 1 drives the rotor module 1 to rotate around the axis. The output module 3 converts the rotational motion into mechanical work output. The whole system relies on the mutual conversion process of electrostatic field and capacitance to realize the continuous transfer of electrical energy to mechanical energy.

[0057] The rotor-encapsulated close-packed electrostatic motor described in this application significantly improves space utilization and energy conversion efficiency through the radial close-packing arrangement of rotor blades 101 and dielectric encapsulation design, achieving a dual improvement in charged area and charged capacity per unit volume. In addition, the dielectric module 103 and rotor module 1 are encapsulated into an integrated structure, with no relative movement during the rotation of rotor module 1, avoiding dielectric displacement or leakage problems, ensuring stable capacitor performance, thereby improving the continuity and reliability of motor operation. At the same time, the high dielectric constant dielectric has a high breakdown strength, allowing for higher operating voltage input to further improve output performance. Furthermore, the uniform dielectric mass distribution increases the rotational inertia of rotor module 1, enabling the rotor to maintain stable rotation within the energized gap, exhibiting energy storage and output balance characteristics. Overall, it achieves comprehensive performance optimization of the electrostatic motor in terms of small size, high output, high stability, and long service life.

[0058] In some examples of this application, the insulating medium is any one of a solid medium, a liquid medium, or a powdered medium. The close-packed electrostatic motor based on rotor packaging described in this application introduces a high-dielectric-constant insulating medium filling design in the rotor module 1. The insulating medium is not limited to a specific type or texture; solid, liquid, or powdered media can be selected according to different application requirements. The key is that its relative dielectric constant must be greater than that of air to significantly enhance the capacitance effect. When using a solid medium, it is suitable for scenarios with high structural stability requirements. Solid media such as barium titanate ceramics, high-dielectric-constant epoxy resins, or alumina ceramics all possess excellent dielectric properties and mechanical strength, maintaining dielectric stability and providing continuous high capacitance support during long-term operation. Among these, barium titanate ceramics are the preferred option due to their high dielectric constant and high breakdown strength. When using liquid media such as insulating oil or high-dielectric-constant... Silicone oil is suitable for applications requiring uniform filling of rotor blade gaps or complex geometries. Its high fluidity allows it to fully cover fan-shaped gaps and avoid gaps. When using powdered media such as barium titanate powder or titanium dioxide powder, it is suitable for confined spaces or miniaturized motors. The fine particles of the powdered media enable high-density filling and maintain the stability of the media layer without displacement. Regardless of the media form, it is fixedly connected to the rotor module to form a complete package. There will be no loosening or leakage during rotor rotation, ensuring the long-term stability of the electrical and spatial structure of the media layer. This, together with the closely packed blade structure, improves the uniformity of the electrostatic field, the charged area, and the energy utilization efficiency, ensuring that the motor maintains stable electrostatic force output and efficient energy transfer during continuous operation.

[0059] In some examples of this application, the rotor frame 102 is arranged in a circular or flat shape, and a plurality of rotor blades 101 are arranged in a uniform array in a radial pattern on the rotor frame 102. A medium module 103 is provided in the fan-shaped area of ​​two adjacent rotor blades 101. The two opposite sides of the medium module 103 in the rotation direction are connected to the two adjacent rotor blades 101, and the arcs on both sides in the radial direction are flush with the arcs at the ends of the rotor blades 101. In the example of this application, a circular or flat rotor frame 102 is used in conjunction with radially arrayed rotor blades 101 and a matching medium module 103. The rotor frame 102 adopts a circular or flat integral structure, which enables it to achieve a high-precision coaxial connection with the output shaft of the output module 3, ensuring overall rotational balance and structural rigidity. Multiple rotor blades 101 are evenly arrayed from the center outward in a circumferential radial pattern, so that the torque direction of each rotor blade 101 in the electrostatic field is evenly distributed, thereby effectively reducing eccentric force and vibration, ensuring the rotational stability and dynamic balance of the rotor module 1. The medium module 103 is set in the fan-shaped gap area formed between the rotor blades 101, and the medium module 103 is located on opposite sides of the rotation direction. The media module 103 is tightly connected to two adjacent rotor blades 101, and the arc edges on both sides of its radial sides are flush with the outer arc of the adjacent rotor blades 101, forming an almost seamless fan-shaped encapsulation structure. This design allows the media module 103 to be highly adapted to the shape of the rotor blades 101 after installation, avoiding media displacement or vibration caused by centrifugal force during rotation. At the same time, the flat design of the rotor frame 102 also provides a fixed support surface for the media module 103, so that the media module 103 can rotate with the rotor module 1 as a whole without falling off. The filling of solid or liquid media forms a continuous media layer, ensuring that the media space is sealed and stable, thereby maintaining a uniform capacitance media environment during rotation, providing a stable electric field basis for electrostatic drive, and realizing efficient energy conversion and continuous driving force output.

[0060] In some examples of this application, the medium module 103 includes a thin-walled enclosure 1031. The thin-walled enclosure 1031, together with the rotor frame 102 and the rotor blades 101, forms several independent encapsulation cavities 1032. Each encapsulation cavity 1032 is filled with a liquid or powdered insulating medium material. In the examples of this application, to address the problem of liquid or powdered insulating media easily flowing, accumulating, or leaking during rotation, this application designs a thin-walled enclosure 1031 structure in the medium module 103. This thin-walled enclosure 1031, together with the rotor frame 102 and multiple radially arranged rotor blades 101, forms several independent encapsulation cavities 1032. Each encapsulation cavity 1032 is individually filled with a portion of liquid or powdered insulating medium, so that the medium is stably confined in a closed space, as if it were separated into multiple independent chambers, thereby preventing the medium from overflowing or shifting outward due to centrifugal force during rotation. The presence of the thin-walled enclosure 1031 ensures both... This design ensures the stability of the dielectric morphology and distribution, and provides additional structural support for the rotor blades 101, thereby improving the overall strength of the rotor module 1. It maintains structural integrity and balance even during high-speed motor operation. The independent cavity design allows for flexible selection of the dielectric type according to different application requirements. Whether it's highly fluid insulating oil or silicone oil, or granular barium titanate powder, the thin-walled encapsulation 1031 effectively constrains and evenly distributes the dielectric, ensuring a physically tight bond between the dielectric modules and maintaining high dielectric properties electrically. This creates a stable, uniform, and high-dielectric-constant working environment between the rotor blades, providing more reliable capacitive support for electrostatic drive. In some examples of this application, the thickness of the encapsulation thin-walled 1031 is 0.1mm-1mm.

[0061] In some examples of this application, the filling height of the medium module 103 in the axial direction of the rotor module 1 is lower or higher than the axial height of the rotor blade 101, and / or, the filling range of the medium module 103 in the radial direction of the rotor module is less than or greater than the radial extension range of the rotor blade 101. In the examples of this application, by designing the filling range of the medium module 103 with extreme flexibility, the filling amount of the medium in both the axial and radial directions can be flexibly designed to adapt to different application scenarios. In the axial direction, the filling height of the medium module 103 can be set to 1 / 2 to 1 times the height of the rotor blade, or moderately exceeding it by 0.5mm to 2mm. This design allows users to flexibly adjust according to actual needs. For example, in scenarios sensitive to motor weight, a medium filling to half the height can be selected, which can improve dielectric performance without increasing rotor weight and affecting rotational efficiency due to excessive medium, allowing the motor to achieve lightweight adjustment while meeting dielectric performance requirements. If higher motor output torque is required, the medium can also be made to exceed the axial height... The rotor blade 101 is positioned at a point to increase the effective dielectric area and thus improve the equivalent capacitance. In the radial direction, the filling range of the dielectric module 103 can be selected to not exceed the radial extension range of the rotor blade 101, or it can be flush with or slightly exceed it by 0.2mm to 1mm. Thus, in miniaturized motor applications, the design of the dielectric not exceeding the radial range can effectively save space. In applications with high capacitance performance requirements, the design of the dielectric slightly exceeding the radial range can be adopted to increase the radial dielectric area and further improve the equivalent capacitance. This dual-dimensional optimizable filling method gives the dielectric module a high degree of design freedom, which can be finely configured under different power densities, speeds and energy consumption requirements, so that the motor can be adapted to more different application scenarios.

[0062] As a preferred example of this application, a charge transfer component 203 is provided on the stator blade 201 for charge exchange between the stator blade 201 and the rotor blade 101. In this example, the charge transfer component 203 is a brush structure, installed between the stator blade 201 and the rotor blade 101, and can continuously contact or be in near-contact with the rotor blade 101 when the rotor blade 101 rotates at high speed, ensuring smooth charge transfer between the two.

[0063] As a preferred example of this application, the stator frame 202 includes an upper support frame 202a and a lower support frame 202b, which are arranged vertically opposite to each other. The stator blades 201 are sandwiched between the upper support frame 202a and the lower support frame 202b and are evenly distributed in a circumferential direction. In the example of this application, the stator module 2 adopts a symmetrical sandwich design, with the upper support frame 202a and the lower support frame 202b parallel to each other and arranged vertically opposite to each other. The stator blades 201 are precisely sandwiched between the two and are evenly distributed in a circumferential direction to form a regular array. This design allows the stator blades 201 to maintain a stable spatial position during long-term operation of the motor, thereby ensuring a consistent gap between the stator and the rotor and maintaining a stable electric field distribution.

[0064] As a preferred example of this application, the upper support frame 202a and the lower support frame 202b are both arranged in a ring. The upper support frame 202a has a plurality of upper spoke support rods 202c on its inner side. The plurality of upper spoke support rods 202c converge at the center to form a first mounting part 202e. The lower support frame 202b has a plurality of lower spoke support rods 202d on its inner side. The plurality of lower spoke support rods 202d converge at the center to form a second mounting part 202f. The first mounting part 202e and the second mounting part 202f are rotatably connected to the output module 3. In the example of this application, the stator frame 202 adopts a composite design of a ring-shaped support frame connected to a central spoke. Both the upper support frame 202a and the lower support frame 202b are arranged in a closed ring, serving as the upper and lower mounting bases for the stator blade 201, respectively. Multiple spoke support rods are arranged inside both frames, extending from the inner wall towards the center and converging at the middle to form the first mounting part 202e and the second mounting part 202f, respectively. The overall structure resembles a double-layered radial skeleton, providing rigid support and symmetrical positioning for the stator blade 201, ensuring that the stator blade 201 maintains spatial symmetry and positioning during assembly and operation. To ensure precise positioning and prevent uneven electric field caused by stator blade misalignment, skewness, or vibration, the first mounting part 202e and the second mounting part 202f in the center serve as the precise positioning basis for the rotating bearing of the output module 3, ensuring the coaxiality between the output module 3 and the rotor module 1, thereby making the rotor rotate more smoothly and the energy transfer efficiency higher. This structure achieves precise fixing of the stator blade 201 while taking into account mechanical support and structural symmetry, providing a high-rigidity, low-deviation frame foundation for the stable operation of the motor, effectively reducing energy loss and noise caused by uneven structural stress, and improving the overall operational reliability and mechanical integrity of the machine.

[0065] As a preferred example of this application, a stator connection 204 is provided on the stator frame 202. The stator connection 204 includes an upper conductive connection 204a and a lower conductive connection 204b, which are used to connect a number of stator blades 201 at intervals and of the same polarity to form a positive electrode group and a negative electrode group, respectively. The upper conductive connection 204a and the lower conductive connection 204b are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of an external power supply. In the example of this application, a stator connection 204, consisting of an upper conductive connection 204a and a lower conductive connection 204b, is provided on the stator frame 202. The upper conductive connection 204a and the lower conductive connection 204 are respectively provided on the upper support frame 202a and the lower support frame 202b, and are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the external power supply, forming a ring-shaped staggered power supply system. This makes the stator module 2 present a periodic alternating polarity distribution, with opposite polarities between adjacent stator blades 201, thereby constructing a stable periodic electric field in the circumferential direction. This ensures that each pair of adjacent blades can form a complete potential difference driving area. At the same time, the modular form of grouped connection simplifies the assembly process. Only two sets of main power lines need to be connected to complete the power supply system connection. There is no need to confirm the polarity of each blade, which improves the assembly consistency and maintenance convenience. It also provides a flexible wiring basis for the subsequent miniaturization and multi-pole structure design of the motor.

[0066] This application discloses a rotor-encapsulated close-packed electrostatic motor. By employing a rotor module with rotor blades 101 arranged radially close together along the rotating surface, and integrating high-dielectric-constant dielectric modules 103 between adjacent rotor blades 101, the number of rotor blades 101 and the total charged area are significantly increased within the same space. Simultaneously, the dielectric modules 103 have a higher dielectric constant and breakdown strength than air, enabling higher equivalent capacitance and charge under limited voltage, thereby significantly improving the motor's output torque and power density. This design uses a thin-walled encapsulation 1031 to stably confine the liquid or powder medium within an independent cavity, ensuring that the medium does not shift or leak during rotation, and that the electric field environment remains stable and reliable. Combined with selectable axial and radial filling ranges, different power densities and lightweight designs can be achieved. The flexible design addresses various needs. The rotor frame 102 adopts a circular or flat support structure, combined with a radial rotor blade array 101 to ensure dynamic balance and uniform torque distribution. The stator module 2 uses upper and lower support frames and spoke support rods to form a symmetrical positioning structure, ensuring consistent spacing between stator blades 201 and uniform electric field distribution. The stator connecting lines 204 are grouped to form positive and negative electrode groups, constructing a periodically alternating electric field driving region. The brush-type charge transfer component 203 achieves efficient contact conduction, reducing charge loss and enabling the motor to continuously output stable power. The overall solution achieves a comprehensive improvement in space utilization, charging capacity, electric field strength, and mechanical stability while maintaining a compact structure. It provides a systematic breakthrough in structure and performance for the application of electrostatic motors in high power density, high stability, and long life operation scenarios.

[0067] Example 3 like Figures 16-19 As shown, this application discloses an electrostatic motor based on dielectric encapsulation technology, comprising: The stator module 2 includes stator blades 201 and stator frame 202. The stator blades 201 are supported and fixed on the stator frame 202 and are alternately connected to the positive and negative terminals of an external power source to form an electrostatic field. The rotor module 1 includes a rotor frame 102 and a plurality of rotor blades 101 mounted thereon, the rotor blades 101 being charged in an electrostatic field and driven to rotate by the electric field force. The thin-walled encapsulation 1031, which has a semi-open structure, is disposed on the outside of the rotor module 1 and fixedly connected to the stator module 2. It is used to form a filling space on the outer periphery of the rotor blade 101 into which powder or liquid media can be injected, so that the rotor blade 101 generates relative motion with the media during rotation.

[0068] The charge transfer component 203 is disposed in the open area of ​​the encapsulated thin wall 1031 and is used for charge exchange between the stator blade 201 and the rotor blade 101.

[0069] The electrostatic motor disclosed in this application has a stator module 2 in which multiple stator blades 201 are evenly distributed through a stator frame 202 and alternately connected to the positive and negative terminals of an external power supply to form a stable radial electrostatic field. Multiple conductive rotor blades 101 of the rotor module 1 are fixed to the rotor frame 102 and can rotate relative to the stator module 2. A semi-open encapsulation thin wall 1031 is fixed to the outside of the rotor module 1 and is rigidly connected to the stator module 2, forming a filling space inside. A high-dielectric-constant powder or liquid medium can be injected as needed to replace the air medium. When the external high-voltage power supply is turned on, the stator blades 201 in the stator module 2 alternately acquire positive and negative charges, forming a radially distributed electrostatic field. The charge transfer component 203 periodically transfers the charge to the surface of the rotor blades 101, making them charged and subjected to electrostatic force. Driven by the electrostatic field, the rotor blades 101 are subjected to Coulomb force. The continuous rotation generated by the torque effect drives the output shaft 302 and the rotor frame 102 to rotate synchronously, thereby realizing the output of mechanical energy. At the same time, the powder or liquid medium pre-filled in the semi-open encapsulation thin wall 1031 generates flow disturbance due to the rotation of the rotor blades 101. The rotor blades 101 continuously rub and cut against the medium during the movement, forming the dispersion, stirring and mixing effect of the medium. The high dielectric constant of the medium further increases the equivalent capacitance of the stator blades 201 and the rotor blades 101, enabling the rotor blades 101 to obtain more charge storage under the same voltage, thereby enhancing the electrostatic torque and motor output power in the energy transfer process. At the same time, there is a significant relative motion between the rotor blades 101 and the medium during the rotation process, forming a stirring and mixing effect. This structure realizes the organic coupling of electrical energy, mechanical energy and medium flow energy by utilizing the synchronous effect of electric field drive and fluid stirring.

[0070] This application significantly improves the charge and equivalent capacitance of rotor blades 101 by setting a semi-open filling space around the outer periphery of rotor module 1 and introducing powder or liquid high dielectric medium. It overcomes the problem of insufficient output torque caused by the low dielectric constant of air medium. The semi-open structure design simplifies the medium injection and maintenance operation, realizes dynamic stirring and dispersion of medium during rotor rotation, expands the application range of electrostatic motor in material mixing, medium modulation and functional drive fields, and enables the device to maintain the high efficiency of electrostatic drive while also having a composite energy processing function, thereby achieving a comprehensive technical effect of compact structure, high energy utilization rate and strong functional integration.

[0071] As a preferred example of this application, the encapsulated thin-walled structure 1031 is a cylindrical structure, the axis of which coincides with the rotation axis of the rotor module 1. The top of the cylindrical structure has an opening to form a semi-open cavity, and the bottom is a closed structure. In this example, by adopting a cylindrical semi-open housing structure, the rotor module 1 and the stator module 2 are arranged coaxially, ensuring a balanced distribution of rotational inertia and a consistent direction of electric field torque. This reduces the offset and vibration of the rotor blades 101 under high-speed rotation, improving the system's operational stability. The top opening facilitates media injection, replacement, and installation of the charge transfer component 203, simplifying operation and maintenance. The bottom closed structure effectively prevents leakage of powder or liquid media during rotation and agitation, ensuring system sealing and operational safety. The coupling relationship between the internal space of the cylindrical housing and the rotor blades 101 enhances the circumferential regularity of media flow. The media forms a stable annular flow band along the cylindrical wall, further enhancing the interaction between the media and the blades. This allows electrostatic energy to be converted into mechanical output power more efficiently, achieving stable driving and stirring functions.

[0072] As a preferred example of this application, the charge transfer component 203 is a brush structure. The brush structure is disposed at the opening at the top of the encapsulation thin wall 1031, and the end of the brush is in elastic contact with the top of the rotor blade 101. In the example of this application, a brush structure installed at the top opening of the encapsulation thin wall 1031 and in elastic contact with the top of the rotor blade 101 is adopted. The brush body is connected to the stator blade 201, and the charge transfer is completed through mechanical contact. This structural design takes into account both the reliability of electrical connection and the flexibility of mechanical movement.

[0073] As a preferred example of this application, an output shaft 302 is provided at the center of the rotor frame 102. The output shaft 302 is supported and rotatably connected by a rotating bearing 303 provided at the connection of the stator frame 202. The lower end of the output shaft 302 is fixedly connected to the encapsulation thin wall 1031 by a liquid-sealed bearing 304. In this example, by setting the output shaft 302 at the center of the rotor frame 102 and adopting a double support structure of rotating bearing 303 and liquid-sealed bearing 304, the mechanical stability of the rotor module is optimized, and the integrated design of support, sealing and rotation is realized in a compact electrostatic motor system. The upper rotating bearing 303 is mainly used to support the radial load and part of the axial load when the output shaft 302 rotates, so that the output shaft 302 maintains a stable posture and significantly reduces frictional resistance when running at high speed. The lower liquid-sealed bearing 304 adopts a sealed cavity structure, which is filled with lubricating and sealing media. It can withstand the load during the rotation of the output shaft 302 and prevent the powder or liquid media filled in the encapsulation thin wall 1031 from leaking or overflowing.

[0074] As a preferred example of this application, the rotor module 1 is disposed inside the stator module 2, and the rotor blades 101 are arranged radially along the rotating surface of the rotor module 1 and extend vertically along the radial direction of the rotating surface, forming a closely packed radial-vertical distribution structure. In the example of this application, a closely packed radial-vertical distribution rotor blade 101 structure is adopted, and each rotor blade 101 extends upward or downward in a direction perpendicular to the radial direction, thereby forming a closely packed three-dimensional distribution structure that extends simultaneously in the radial and vertical directions in space. This structure significantly improves the surface utilization of the rotor blades 101, giving them a larger force-bearing area in the electrostatic field. The rotor blades 101 are arranged in a ring-shaped uniform layout on the rotating surface through this closely packed distribution. The spacing between the rotor blades 101 is small but maintains electrical isolation, so that the electric field generated by the stator module 2 can act on the surface of the rotor blades 101 in both the radial and vertical directions. The charge transferred by the charge transfer component 203 is fully distributed on the surface of the rotor blades 101 and maintained more The stable charged state, along with the distribution structure, allows the powder or liquid medium filled in the encapsulation thin wall 1031 to be more densely and uniformly distributed around the rotor blade 101, avoiding the phenomenon of uneven electric field of the medium caused by local gaps or flow deviation. This improves dielectric uniformity and charging efficiency within the same spatial volume. The densely packed radial and vertical distribution not only improves the electrostatic coupling strength between the rotor blade 101 and the stator blade 201, but also optimizes the flow path of the medium, making the electric field distribution more continuous and smooth. The medium can obtain more sufficient disturbance and shearing effect when the rotor blade 101 rotates, laying the foundation for subsequent stirring and mixing and energy transfer. This structure achieves spatial synergy of high-density energy conversion and medium mixing through the compact blade arrangement.

[0075] As a preferred example of this application, the rotor frame 102 is arranged in a circular or flat shape, and a plurality of rotor blades 101 are arranged in a uniform circumferential array on the rotor frame 102. In the example of this application, by adopting a circular or flat rotor frame 102, a plurality of rotor blades 101 are uniformly arranged on the outer edge of the rotor frame 102 in a circumferential array with equal angular spacing, and the spacing of each rotor blade 101 is consistent, so that the entire rotor module 1 presents a geometrically balanced circular distribution. This design significantly improves the electric field coverage between the rotor blades 101 and the stator blades 201 while maintaining a compact structure. The circular or flat frame structure provides stable fixed support for the rotor blades 101 and effectively limits the radial displacement of the rotor blades 101 during high-speed rotation, ensuring rotational balance and electric field stability. The uniform circumferential array layout allows the radial electrostatic field formed by the stator module 2 to act uniformly on all rotor blades 101 in the entire circumferential direction, thereby avoiding the problem of uneven charging caused by excessively strong or weak local electric fields. Preferably, the rotor frame 102 is in the shape of a circular plate and is embedded inside the rotor blade 101 on the side away from the encapsulation thin wall 1031.

[0076] In some examples of this application, the rotor blades 101 are arranged circumferentially along the rotating surface of the rotor module 1 and extend vertically along the radial direction of the rotating surface. Compared with the existing radial electrostatic motors that generally use air as the dielectric medium, the low dielectric constant of air limits the charge on the rotor blades, thus affecting the output performance of the motor. The filling space formed by the thin-walled encapsulation 1031 can be specifically filled with powder or liquid media with high dielectric constant. Combined with the arrangement characteristics of the rotor blades in the radial rotor structure, it can effectively increase the equivalent capacitance between the rotor blades and the stator blades, significantly improve the charge on the rotor blades, thereby enhancing the torque output capability and overall power performance of the electrostatic motor, and effectively improving the core defect of insufficient output performance of existing radial electrostatic motors.

[0077] As a preferred example of this application, the outer surface of the rotor blade 101 is covered with an insulating layer. In this example, by covering the outer surface of the rotor blade 101 with an insulating layer, the insulating layer can be made of polytetrafluoroethylene, epoxy resin, or high-molecular-weight silicone material. The thickness is optimized according to the working voltage and dielectric characteristics, possessing both excellent electrical insulation performance and sufficient flexibility to adapt to the centrifugal stress generated during the high-speed rotation of the rotor. This structure is particularly effective when the electrostatic motor uses powder or liquid dielectric as the dielectric. When the insulation performance of the filling medium is poor, the conductivity is high, or weak conductive channels are easily formed in a high-humidity environment, the insulating layer can form a potential isolation barrier on the surface of the rotor blade 101. This design blocks the path of charge leakage through the medium, thereby maintaining the stable charge of the rotor blades 101 and preventing local breakdown or uneven charge distribution in the electrostatic field. In addition, the surface of the insulating layer can be designed with a micro-smooth structure to reduce the adhesion of the medium, prevent the agglomeration of powder medium or local accumulation of liquid medium, and at the same time improve the cutting and disturbance effect of the medium on the medium when the rotor blades 101 rotate, forming a uniform flow field. The insulating layer has both electrical isolation and physical protection functions, effectively preventing the surface of the rotor blades 101 from being corroded or broken down under high pressure, so that the entire rotor module 1 can still operate stably and maintain a high energy conversion efficiency in complex medium environments.

[0078] As a preferred example of this application, the stator blade 201 is provided with a receiving portion 201d, and at least a portion of the rotor blade 101 is embedded in the receiving portion 201d. In the example of this application, the stator blade includes a first wing portion 201a, a second wing portion 201b, and a web portion 201c. The first wing portion 201a and the second wing portion 201b are arranged in parallel and connected by the web portion 201c. The three portions enclose each other to form a groove-shaped receiving portion 201d structure. The receiving portion 201d has an opening on the side of the stator blade 201 near the rotor blade 101. At least a portion of the rotor blade 101 is embedded in the receiving portion 201d, so that the stator blade... The gap between the blade 201 and the rotor blade 101 is further reduced, thereby achieving tighter electric field coupling in a limited space. The electrostatic field area is significantly expanded, which can enhance the concentration of the electrostatic field while maintaining a compact structure. The presence of the housing 201d makes the electric field lines concentrated between the blades, forming a high-intensity electric field region. The rotor blade 101 embedded therein is more uniformly subjected to the electric field force and has a higher charging efficiency. At the same time, the radial volume of the motor is greatly compressed, making it better suited for miniaturized and small-scale application scenarios.

[0079] As a preferred example of this application, the stator frame 202 is arranged in a circular or flat shape, and the number of stator blades 201 is even and they are mounted on the stator frame 202 in a uniform circumferential array. In the example of this application, by arranging the stator blades 201 in a uniform circumferential array and embedding the circular plate-shaped stator frame 202 within the stator blades 201, it is preferred that the stator frame 202 is embedded inside the first wing portion 201a and / or the second wing portion 201b, and a rotary bearing 303 rotatably connected to the output shaft 302 is provided at the center of the stator frame 202. In the example of this application, by adopting a circular or flat stator frame 202 and combining it with an even number of stator blades 201 evenly distributed in a circular array, the uniformity of the electric field distribution and the stability of the structure are effectively guaranteed. The stator frame 202 serves as both an electrode support skeleton and a rotor fulcrum and electric field constraint function, enabling the electrostatic motor to have a stable structural reference and accurate geometric registration under the conditions of electric, magnetic and force coupling, laying the foundation for subsequent high-efficiency energy conversion and medium stirring.

[0080] In some examples of this application, the semi-open powder-filled electrostatic motor further includes a stator connection line 204, which includes an upper conductive connection line 204a and a lower conductive connection line 204b, respectively used to connect a number of stator blades 201 at spaced positions and of the same polarity to form a positive electrode group and a negative electrode group. The upper conductive connection line 204a and the lower conductive connection line 204b are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of an external power supply. This application establishes an upper conductive line 204a and a lower conductive line 204b in the stator connection 204. The upper conductive line 204a connects several stator blades 201 that are spaced apart and have the same polarity to form a positive electrode group. The lower conductive line 204b connects several stator blades 201 that are spaced apart and have the same polarity to form a negative electrode group. The upper conductive line 204a is electrically connected to the positive terminal of an external power supply, and the lower conductive line 204b is electrically connected to the negative terminal of an external power supply. This results in the stator module 2 exhibiting a periodic alternating polarity distribution, with adjacent stator blades 201 having opposite polarities. This creates a stable periodic electric field in the circumferential direction, ensuring that each pair of adjacent blades... Each blade can form a complete potential difference driving region. In the example of this application, the upper conductive connection 204a and the lower conductive connection 204b are respectively set at opposite ends of the radial vertical direction of the rotating circular surface of the rotor module 1. The alternating conductive connection method of "upper positive and lower negative" or "upper negative and lower positive" is adopted, so that the motor has electrical symmetry and wiring flexibility. The same rotation output can be achieved without changing the structure. It is convenient to select the polarity connection method according to the spatial layout in practical applications. The wire grouping structure reduces the wiring density and high voltage coupling risk, and improves the safety and reliability of system operation. It is particularly suitable for small electrostatic motors with closely packed blades, avoiding the potential unevenness and local corona discharge problems that are easy to be generated by traditional centralized wiring methods.

[0081] The electrostatic motor proposed in this application achieves an innovative breakthrough in energy conversion and dielectric coupling by setting a cylindrical semi-open encapsulation thin-wall 1031 on the outer periphery of the rotor module 1 and forming a filling space that can be injected with high dielectric constant powder or liquid. The semi-open structure maintains structural compactness while facilitating dielectric injection, replacement, and maintenance. Combined with the brush-type charge transfer component 203, it achieves stable charge supply and dynamic charge exchange, significantly improving the charge on the rotor blades and the electric field utilization rate, overcoming the bottleneck problems of low capacitance of traditional air dielectric and insufficient motor output torque; the closely packed diameter... The vertically distributed rotor blades 101 and the radially arranged stator blades 201 work together to form a high-density electrostatic field, which enhances the electric field area and energy density, while achieving uniform force and highly stable rotation. The introduction of a high-dielectric dielectric increases the equivalent capacitance and generates fluid disturbance when the blades rotate, thus realizing the dual functions of driving and stirring. The entire system maintains high efficiency of electrostatic drive while also having the ability to stir fluid and disperse media, realizing the coupled output of electrical energy, mechanical energy and media energy, and possessing comprehensive technical advantages such as high energy efficiency, high stability, easy maintenance and multi-functional integration.

[0082] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A DC electrostatic motor based on dielectric encapsulation technology, characterized in that, include: The rotor module (1) includes a plurality of rotor blades (101) evenly spaced along the circumferential direction and a thin-walled enclosure (1031) for encapsulating the rotor blades (101). The thin-walled enclosure (1031) covers the outside of the rotor blades (101) in a fully enclosed or semi-enclosed manner. An encapsulation cavity (1032) is formed in the thin-walled enclosure (1031). The encapsulation cavity (1032) is filled with an insulating medium having a preset dielectric constant, and the relative dielectric constant of the insulating medium is greater than that of air. The stator module (2) includes multiple stator blades (201) evenly spaced along the circumferential direction and a stator frame (202). The stator blades (201) are supported and fixed on the stator frame (202) and alternately connected to the positive and negative poles of an external power source to form an electrostatic driving electric field between the stator module (2) and the rotor module (1). Output module (3), which is connected to the rotor module (1) for transmitting the rotational motion of the rotor module (1) as mechanical energy; A charge transfer component (203) is provided between the rotor module (1) and the stator module (2), the charge transfer component (203) being used for charge exchange between the rotor blades (101) and the stator blades (201).

2. The DC electrostatic motor based on dielectric encapsulation technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The encapsulation thin wall (1031) covers the outside of the rotor blade (101) in a fully enclosed manner.

3. The DC electrostatic motor based on dielectric encapsulation technology according to claim 2, characterized in that, The encapsulation thin wall (1031) includes a top plate and a bottom plate covering the upper and lower ends of the rotor blade (101), and a side plate covering the side wall of the rotor blade (101). The encapsulation cavity (1032) is formed by the side plate, the top plate and the bottom plate. The rotor blade (101) is disposed in the encapsulation cavity (1032), and the insulating medium is filled between two adjacent rotor blades (101).

4. The DC electrostatic motor based on dielectric encapsulation technology according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rotor blade (101) is fixedly connected to the encapsulation thin wall (1031).

5. The DC electrostatic motor based on dielectric encapsulation technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stator frame (202) has an annular cylindrical structure, and the stator blades (201) are evenly spaced on the outside of the stator frame (202); The output module (3) includes: Mounting plate (301), which is located inside the static subframe (202) and connected to the static subframe (202); An output shaft (302) passes through the mounting plate (301) and is connected to the mounting plate (301); The output shaft (302) is capable of rotational motion relative to the stator frame (202).

6. The DC electrostatic motor based on dielectric encapsulation technology according to claim 5, characterized in that, The output shaft (302) in the output module (3) passes through the center of the encapsulation thin wall (1031) and is fixedly connected to the encapsulation thin wall (1031). Under the action of the electrostatic driving electric field, the rotor blade (101) can drive the output shaft (302) to rotate synchronously through the encapsulation thin wall (1031).

7. The DC electrostatic motor based on dielectric encapsulation technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The static submodule (2) also includes: The outer shell (205) covering the outside of the stator blade (201). The inner shell (206) covering the inside of the stator blade (201). The outer shell (205), inner shell (206) and stator frame (202) cooperate to form a cavity for accommodating the stator blade (201), and the cavity is filled with an insulating medium with a relative permittivity greater than that of air.

8. The DC electrostatic motor based on dielectric encapsulation technology according to claim 7, characterized in that, The stator blade (201) is C-shaped, and two stator blades (201) located on the same diameter are arranged opposite each other. The outer shell (205) and the inner shell (206) are arranged to fit the edge of the stator blade (201), forming a space inside the stator module (2) for accommodating the rotor module (1).

9. The DC electrostatic motor based on dielectric encapsulation technology according to claim 7, characterized in that, A gap is reserved between the stator module (2) and the rotor module (1).

10. The DC electrostatic motor based on dielectric encapsulation technology according to claim 9, characterized in that, The charge transfer component (203) is located within the reserved gap, and the charge transfer component (203) is a roller brush; A portion of the stator blade (201) extends downward to be flush with or protrudes downward from the surface of the inner shell (206), forming a stator connection protrusion (2011). A portion of the rotor blade (101) extends upward to be flush with or slightly protruding from the top surface of the encapsulation thin wall (1031), forming a rotor connection protrusion (1011). The charge transfer component (203) can sequentially contact the stator connecting protrusion (2011) and the rotor connecting protrusion (1011) to perform charge exchange between the rotor blade (101) and the stator blade (201).

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