Novel organic active planting material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel organic active planting material and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the field of planting substrates. According to the novel organic active planting material and the preparation method thereof, the base layer, the middle layer and the surface layer are formed by laying the mountain sand, the organic leavening and the river sand from bottom to top to form a three-dimensional Mengjin soil structure, the water permeability is sequentially reduced from top to bottom, the water retention is sequentially enhanced from top to bottom, and the water permeability and the water retention are both considered as a whole; the soil structure is an ideal crop planting soil structure; tobacco powder with low cellulose content is added into the substrate for fermentation, so that a large amount of humic acid is generated in the organic leavening of the middle layer, the quality of crops is improved, the substrate prepared by the method is low in overall price, economic pressure cannot be brought to farmers, and the method is suitable for large-scale popularization and application. The matrix with high cost performance not only can become the first choice of facility agriculture, but also can be selected from most groups with serious soil planting problems, and is beneficial to popularization and application.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to planting substrate technology, in particular to a novel organic active planting material and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Substrate planting has now become the preferred planting mode of current facility agriculture, however, most of the traditional substrates are coconut husk or coconut husk strips. This widely used substrate material is facing severe challenges in actual production, the most prominent problem of which is that the initial salt content is often too high. Such a high-salt environment is extremely unfavorable for the root growth of planted crops, which directly destroys the osmotic balance of the rhizosphere environment, making it difficult for crop roots to effectively absorb water and nutrients during the germination and expansion stages, thereby causing continuous physiological stress to the entire growth cycle of the crops, not only showing visible symptoms such as stunted plants and yellow leaves, but also directly leading to yield and quality decline. Although there are some high-quality substrates with lower salt content on the market, which are specially treated, their production cost and market price are relatively high, which undoubtedly significantly increases the initial investment of agricultural production. This cost pressure is a heavy economic burden for the majority of growers, especially in the context of large-scale planting, where the amount of substrate used is huge, and the cost problem is even more prominent. Moreover, in order to cope with the various growth obstacles brought about by high-salt substrates, growers often need to have higher technical level and more precise management ability, such as frequent leaching of salt, precise regulation of water and fertilizer formula to balance the osmotic potential, and close monitoring of the change of substrate conductivity, etc. This series of complex operations further raises the technical threshold, making it difficult for many inexperienced growers to master, ultimately falling into the dilemma of high investment, high risk, and unstable returns, greatly restricting the healthy development and benefit improvement of facility agriculture.

[0003] A tomato planting substrate is disclosed in Chinese patent CN116114570B, which belongs to the field of planting substrates. The substrate comprises the following raw materials by weight: tea dregs 20-30 parts, mushroom dregs 10-20 parts, double-spore mushroom stem 20-30 parts, vermiculite 10-20 parts, and coconut brown silk 8-10 parts. The present application also provides a preparation method for a tomato planting substrate block, comprising the following steps: S1, mixing the following raw materials by weight: tea dregs 20-30 parts, mushroom dregs 10-20 parts, double-spore mushroom stem 20-30 parts, vermiculite 10-20 parts, and coconut brown silk 8-10 parts, and naturally fermenting for one month to prepare the planting substrate; S2, preparing a substrate box and placing the planting substrate in the substrate box to prepare the planting substrate block. The tomato planting substrate and the preparation method for the substrate block provided by the present application can significantly improve yield and single fruit quality, reduce the requirement for substrate layer thickness, and improve plant stability.

[0004] The salt content of the coconut brown silk in the existing planting substrate is high when the substrate is used, which is not conducive to the growth of crop root systems and can easily cause stress to crop growth, and needs to be improved. SUMMARY

[0005] The application aims to provide a new organic active planting material and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problem of high salt content in the planting substrate prepared from coconut husk and coconut brown silk in the prior art, which is not conducive to the growth of crop root systems.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application provides the following technical scheme: a new organic active planting material, comprising a substrate layer, an intermediate layer and a surface layer arranged in sequence from bottom to top, the water retention of the surface layer, the intermediate layer and the substrate layer is enhanced in sequence from top to bottom.

[0007] The substrate layer is composed of mountain sand;

[0008] The intermediate layer is composed of organic fermentation material mixed by tobacco dregs, grass carbon, humic acid powder, bran and coconut husk;

[0009] The surface layer is composed of river sand.

[0010] Preferably, the application thickness of the substrate layer, the intermediate layer and the surface layer is 5cm, 10cm and 5cm respectively.

[0011] Preferably, according to the use weight part, the use ratio of tobacco dregs, grass carbon, humic acid powder, bran and coconut husk in the organic fermentation material of the intermediate layer is 10:5:3:5:20.

[0012] A preparation method of a new organic active planting material is applied to prepare a new organic active planting material, comprising:

[0013] Taking the standby substrate tank;

[0014] Laying the substrate layer composed of mountain sand at the bottom of the substrate tank;

[0015] Laying the intermediate layer composed of organic fermentation material mixed by tobacco dregs, grass carbon, humic acid powder, bran and coconut husk on the mountain sand;

[0016] Laying the surface layer composed of river sand on the organic fermentation material.

[0017] Preferably, the configuration mode of the organic fermentation material comprises:

[0018] Taking tobacco dregs, grass carbon, humic acid powder, bran and coconut husk as standby materials according to the mixed use weight part ratio;

[0019] After the coconut shell is soaked and desalted, all the standby materials are crushed to a particle size of 2-5 cm, and all the standby materials are mixed uniformly according to a use ratio of 10:5:3:5:20;

[0020] EM bacteria or bacillus subtilis is added to the mixture, compost fermentation is carried out for 2-4 weeks, the humidity is kept at 50-60%, the temperature is kept at 55-65 DEG C, the compost is turned over 1-2 times per week, and when the fermentation product is black-brown, odorless and temperature-stable, the compost is mature.

[0021] Preferably, 10-15% of vermiculite, 5-10% of biochar, 10-20% of agricultural waste and 1-2% of slow-release fertilizer are further added to the organic fermentation product according to weight ratio.

[0022] Preferably, the agricultural waste includes rice husk and straw after simple fermentation, and the slow-release fertilizer includes coated urea.

[0023] Preferably, the coconut shell and bran are mixed and fermented separately, and then mixed into the original fermentation system after the fermentation is completed.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the new organic active planting material and the preparation method thereof provided by the application form a three-dimensional gold-coated soil structure by laying mountain sand, organic fermentation product and river sand from bottom to top to form a base layer, an intermediate layer and a surface layer, the water permeability decreases from top to bottom, and the water retention increases from top to bottom, so that the overall water permeability and water retention are considered, and a perfect planting soil structure is formed.

[0025] The cellulose content of the smoke is low, and the smoke is fermented in the matrix, so that a large amount of humic acid is generated in the organic fermentation product of the intermediate layer, which is beneficial to improving the quality of crops, and the overall price of the matrix prepared by the method is relatively low, which does not bring economic pressure to the growers, and the matrix with high cost performance not only can become the first choice of facility agriculture, but also can be the choice of groups with serious soil planting problems, which is beneficial to popularization and use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art according to these drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 The overall structure of the matrix provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0028] Figure 2 The preparation method flowchart of the organic fermentation product of the intermediate layer of the matrix provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0030] 1. Base layer; 2. Intermediate layer; 3. Surface layer. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 2 As shown:

[0033] Example 1:

[0034] This invention provides a novel organic active planting material, comprising a base layer 1, an intermediate layer 2, and a surface layer 3 arranged sequentially from bottom to top, wherein the water retention of the surface layer 3, the intermediate layer 2, and the base layer 1 increases sequentially from top to bottom;

[0035] The base layer 1 is composed of mountain sand;

[0036] The intermediate layer 2 is composed of an organic fermentation mixture of tobacco, peat moss, humic acid powder, wheat bran and coconut coir;

[0037] The surface layer 3 is composed of river sand.

[0038] By using mountain sand, organic fermentation materials and river sand to form a base layer 1, a middle layer 2 and a surface layer 3 from bottom to top, a three-dimensional Mengjin soil structure is formed. The permeability decreases from top to bottom and the water retention increases from top to bottom. The overall structure takes into account both permeability and water retention, making it an ideal soil structure for crop planting.

[0039] By adding tobacco with low cellulose content to the substrate for fermentation, a large amount of humic acid is produced in the organic fermentation product of the middle layer 2, which is beneficial to improving the quality of crops. The substrate prepared by this method has a low overall price and will not bring economic pressure to growers. This cost-effective substrate can not only become the first choice for facility agriculture, but also the choice for most groups with more serious soil planting problems, which is conducive to its widespread use.

[0040] The base layer consists of 5cm of mountain sand, the middle layer of pre-prepared substrate is 10cm, and the top layer is 5cm of river sand. This structure is an artificial "Mongolian Golden Soil" structure, balancing water permeability and water retention. The top layer of river sand has larger soil particles and no aggregate structure; the middle layer is made by fermenting organic matter with both high and low fiber content, and compared to the top layer of river sand, it has some aggregates, thus enhancing water retention while maintaining permeability; the bottom layer of mountain sand has the highest clay content, the strongest water retention, and the worst permeability. The water retention of the entire substrate gradually increases from top to bottom, making it an ideal planting soil structure.

[0041] The use ratio of tobacco dregs, grass carbon, humic acid powder, bran and coconut coir in the organic fermentation of the intermediate layer 2 is 10:5:3:5:20, calculated by weight.

[0042] Tobacco dregs contain potassium and phosphorus, which can improve the ventilation of the substrate; grass carbon has strong water and fertilizer retention capacity and low acidity, which can adjust the pH value; humic acid powder can enhance the ion exchange capacity, promote nutrient absorption, stimulate root development and microbial activity; bran can support microbial fermentation as a carbon source and release nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients; coconut coir is light in weight, high in porosity, good in water retention and ventilation, and low in salt content, which is suitable for root expansion; the organic fermentation composed of the above components can increase the porosity of the substrate, enhance the ventilation and water retention, form a granular structure, prevent compaction, promote microbial morphology, inhibit pathogenic bacteria, enhance biological fertility, reduce the dependence on chemical fertilizers, and is environmentally friendly; the agricultural waste (such as tobacco dregs and bran) is utilized to realize resource recycling and reduce carbon footprint.

[0043] Example two:

[0044] The application provides a novel organic active planting material, which comprises, from bottom to top, a substrate layer 1, an intermediate layer 2 and a surface layer 3; the water retention of the surface layer 3, the intermediate layer 2 and the substrate layer 1 is enhanced from top to bottom in turn.

[0045] The substrate layer 1 is composed of mountain sand;

[0046] The intermediate layer 2 is composed of organic fermentation of tobacco dregs, grass carbon, humic acid powder, bran and coconut coir;

[0047] The surface layer 3 is composed of river sand.

[0048] The three-dimensional plastic soil structure is formed by laying the mountain sand, the organic fermentation and the river sand from bottom to top to form the substrate layer 1, the intermediate layer 2 and the surface layer 3; the water permeability is reduced from top to bottom in turn, and the water retention is enhanced from top to bottom in turn; the whole has both water permeability and water retention, and is a physical ideal planting soil structure.

[0049] The tobacco dregs with low cellulose content are added to the substrate for fermentation, so that a large amount of humic acid is generated in the organic fermentation of the intermediate layer 2, which is beneficial to improving the quality of crops; the overall price of the substrate prepared by the method is relatively low, and the planting households will not bear economic pressure; the substrate with high cost performance can not only become the first choice of facility agriculture, but also be the choice of most groups with serious soil planting problems, and is conducive to popularization and use.

[0050] The base layer 1 is 5 cm of mountain sand, 10 cm of a customized matrix in the middle layer, and 5 cm of river sand in the uppermost layer. Such a structure is a man-made "Monte Gold" structure, which takes into account the water permeability and water retention performance. The river sand in the uppermost layer has larger soil particles and no aggregate structure; the middle layer is formed by fermentation of organic matter with high and low fiber content, has some aggregate bodies, relatively enhanced water retention, and takes into account water permeability; the lowermost layer of mountain sand has the highest clay content, the strongest water retention, and the worst water permeability. The water retention of the entire matrix gradually increases from top to bottom, which is an ideal planting soil structure.

[0051] According to the weight parts, the use ratio of tobacco dust, grass charcoal, humic acid powder, bran, and coconut husk in the organic fermentation in the middle layer 2 is 10:5:3:5:20.

[0052] Tobacco dust contains potassium, phosphorus, and other elements, which can improve the ventilation of the matrix. Grass charcoal has strong water and fertilizer retention capacity and low acidity, which can adjust the pH value. Humic acid powder enhances ion exchange capacity, promotes nutrient absorption, stimulates root development and microbial activity. Bran serves as a carbon source to support microbial fermentation, release nitrogen, phosphorus, and other nutrients. Coconut husk is light, has high porosity, good water retention and air permeability, and low salt content, which is suitable for root expansion. The organic fermentation composed of the foregoing components can increase the porosity of the matrix, enhance the ventilation and water retention, form an aggregate structure, prevent compaction, promote microbial morphology, inhibit pathogenic bacteria, enhance biological fertility, reduce the dependence on chemical fertilizers, is friendly to the environment, utilizes agricultural waste (such as tobacco dust and bran), realizes resource recycling, and reduces the carbon footprint.

[0053] A preparation method of a new type of organic active planting material is applied to prepare a new type of organic active planting material, which comprises the following steps:

[0054] Taking the standby matrix tank;

[0055] Laying mountain sand on the bottom of the matrix tank to form a base layer 1;

[0056] Laying the organic fermentation composed of tobacco dust, grass charcoal, humic acid powder, bran, and coconut husk on the mountain sand to form a middle layer 2;

[0057] Laying river sand on the organic fermentation to form a surface layer 3.

[0058] The configuration mode of the organic fermentation comprises:

[0059] Taking tobacco dust, grass charcoal, humic acid powder, bran, and coconut husk as standby materials according to the mixed weight parts ratio;

[0060] After soaking and desalination of the coconut husk, all the standby materials are crushed to a particle size of 2-5 cm, and all the standby materials are mixed uniformly according to the use ratio of 10:5:3:5:20.

[0061] Add EM bacteria or bacillus subtilis to the mixture, and compost fermentation for 2-4 weeks, keeping humidity at 50-60%, temperature at 55-65 DEG C, and turning over 1-2 times per week, and the fermentation product is black-brown, odorless, and stable in temperature.

[0062] By adding bran (high carbon) or a small amount of nitrogen source (such as soybean meal) to control the carbon-nitrogen ratio at 25-30:1, the fermentation efficiency is optimized, and after fermentation, 5-10% humic acid powder is added to improve the buffer capacity of the substrate and reduce nutrient loss, and if further reduction of pathogenic risk is required, solar disinfection (covered with transparent film and exposed to sunlight for 2 weeks) or low-temperature drying can be performed after fermentation.

[0063] Example Three:

[0064] The application provides a novel organic active planting material, which comprises a substrate layer 1, an intermediate layer 2 and a surface layer 3 arranged from bottom to top, and the water retention of the surface layer 3, the intermediate layer 2 and the substrate layer 1 is enhanced from top to bottom.

[0065] The substrate layer 1 is composed of mountain sand;

[0066] The intermediate layer 2 is composed of organic fermentation products mixed by tobacco dust, grass carbon, humic acid powder, bran and coconut husk;

[0067] The surface layer 3 is composed of river sand.

[0068] The three-dimensional Mongolian soil structure is formed by laying the mountain sand, the organic fermentation products and the river sand from bottom to top to form the substrate layer 1, the intermediate layer 2 and the surface layer 3, the water permeability is reduced from top to bottom, and the water retention is enhanced from top to bottom, and the whole has both water permeability and water retention, and is a perfect planting soil structure.

[0069] The tobacco dust with low cellulose content is added to the substrate for fermentation, so that a large amount of humic acid is produced in the organic fermentation products of the intermediate layer 2, which is beneficial to improving the quality of crops, the overall price of the substrate prepared by the method is relatively low, and the planting households will not be economically stressed, and the substrate with high cost performance not only can become the first choice of facility agriculture, but also is the choice of groups with more serious soil planting problems, and is beneficial to popularization and use.

[0070] The base layer 1 is 5 cm of mountain sand, 10 cm of a customized matrix in the middle layer, and 5 cm of river sand in the uppermost layer. Such a structure is a man-made "Monte Gold" structure, which takes into account the water permeability and water retention performance. The river sand in the uppermost layer has larger soil particles and no aggregate structure; the middle layer is formed by fermentation of organic matter with high and low fiber content, has some aggregate bodies, relatively enhanced water retention, and takes into account water permeability; the lowermost layer of mountain sand has the highest clay content, the strongest water retention, and the worst water permeability. The water retention of the entire matrix gradually increases from top to bottom, which is an ideal planting soil structure.

[0071] According to the weight parts, the use ratio of tobacco dust, grass charcoal, humic acid powder, bran, and coconut husk in the organic fermentation in the middle layer 2 is 10:5:3:5:20.

[0072] Tobacco dust contains potassium, phosphorus, and other elements, which can improve the ventilation of the matrix. Grass charcoal has strong water and fertilizer retention capacity and low acidity, which can adjust the pH value. Humic acid powder enhances ion exchange capacity, promotes nutrient absorption, stimulates root development and microbial activity. Bran serves as a carbon source to support microbial fermentation, release nitrogen, phosphorus, and other nutrients. Coconut husk is light, has high porosity, good water retention and air permeability, and low salt content, which is suitable for root expansion. The organic fermentation composed of the foregoing components can increase the porosity of the matrix, enhance the ventilation and water retention, form an aggregate structure, prevent compaction, promote microbial morphology, inhibit pathogenic bacteria, enhance biological fertility, reduce the dependence on chemical fertilizers, is friendly to the environment, utilizes agricultural waste (such as tobacco dust and bran), realizes resource recycling, and reduces the carbon footprint.

[0073] A preparation method of a new type of organic active planting material is applied to prepare a new type of organic active planting material, which comprises the following steps:

[0074] Taking the standby matrix tank;

[0075] Laying mountain sand on the bottom of the matrix tank to form a base layer 1;

[0076] Laying the organic fermentation composed of tobacco dust, grass charcoal, humic acid powder, bran, and coconut husk on the mountain sand to form a middle layer 2;

[0077] Laying river sand on the organic fermentation to form a surface layer 3.

[0078] The configuration mode of the organic fermentation comprises:

[0079] Taking tobacco dust, grass charcoal, humic acid powder, bran, and coconut husk as standby materials according to the mixed weight parts ratio;

[0080] After soaking and desalination of the coconut husk, all the standby materials are crushed to a particle size of 2-5 cm, and all the standby materials are mixed uniformly according to the use ratio of 10:5:3:5:20.

[0081] Add EM bacteria or Bacillus subtilis to the mixture, and ferment the compost for 2-4 weeks, keeping the humidity at 50-60% and the temperature at 55-65°C, and turning the compost over 1-2 times per week. When the fermented material is dark brown, odorless, and stable in temperature, it is mature.

[0082] By adding bran (high carbon) or a small amount of nitrogen source (such as soybean meal) to control the carbon-nitrogen ratio at 25-30:1, the fermentation efficiency is optimized. After fermentation, adding 5-10% humic acid powder can improve the buffer capacity of the substrate and reduce nutrient loss. If further reduction of pathogen risk is needed, solar disinfection (covered with transparent film and exposed to sunlight for 2 weeks) or low-temperature drying can be used after fermentation.

[0083] The organic fermenting agent also contains 10-15% vermiculite, 5-10% biochar, 10-20% agricultural waste, and 1-2% slow-release fertilizer by weight. The agricultural waste includes rice husk and straw chips after simple fermentation, and the slow-release fertilizer includes coated urea.

[0084] Vermiculite increases air permeability and water retention, is inexpensive, and is suitable for a variety of crops. It can also be replaced by perlite. Biochar improves nutrient retention and adsorbs heavy metals, and can be produced locally to reduce costs. Agricultural waste is used after simple fermentation, reducing raw material costs while increasing organic matter. Slow-release fertilizer reduces the frequency of topdressing and improves economic efficiency.

[0085] To further optimize the effectiveness of the organic fermenting agent, the following measures can be taken:

[0086] Mix the coconut coir and bran separately for fermentation, and then mix them into the original fermentation system after fermentation is complete, shortening the total fermentation time.

[0087] Use sunlight to heat the fermentation pile, reducing energy consumption and suitable for areas with abundant sunlight.

[0088] Use locally isolated probiotic strains (such as rhizobium) to customize and enhance nutrient fixation and disease resistance.

[0089] Add a water-retaining agent (such as polyacrylamide, at a dosage of 0.1-0.5%) to significantly improve water retention in arid regions, with high one-time investment benefits.

[0090] The three-layer crop planting substrate optimizes water and nutrient management by layering water permeability and water retention. The middle layer of organic fermented material promotes healthy root growth with its low salt and high organic matter characteristics. Through scientific component processing and fermentation optimization, the substrate's effectiveness can be further enhanced. The expansion method focuses on economy, utilizing additives and local resources to maximize cost-effectiveness. This substrate design is suitable for various crops (such as vegetables, flowers, and seedlings) and has promotional value, contributing to sustainable agricultural development.

[0091] The above has described certain exemplary embodiments of the present application by way of illustration only, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, the above drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A novel organic active planting material, comprising a base layer (1), an intermediate layer (2), and a surface layer (3) arranged sequentially from bottom to top, characterized in that, The water retention of the surface layer (3), the intermediate layer (2) and the base layer (1) increases sequentially from top to bottom; The base layer (1) is composed of mountain sand; The intermediate layer (2) is composed of an organic fermentation mixture of tobacco, peat, humic acid powder, wheat bran and coconut coir; The surface layer (3) is composed of river sand.

2. The novel organic active planting material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The application thicknesses of the base layer (1), intermediate layer (2) and surface layer (3) are 5cm, 10cm and 5cm, respectively.

3. The novel organic active planting material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of tobacco, peat, humic acid powder, wheat bran and coconut coir in the organic fermentation product of the intermediate layer (2) is 10:5:3:5:20, calculated by weight.

4. A method for preparing a novel organic active planting material, applied to the preparation of the novel organic active planting material according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, include: Use the spare substrate tank; A base layer of mountain sand was laid at the bottom of the substrate trench (1); An intermediate layer consisting of an organic fermentation mixture of tobacco, peat, humic acid powder, wheat bran and coconut coir was laid on the sand (2); A surface layer of river sand is laid on top of the organic fermentation material (3).

5. The method for preparing a novel organic active planting material according to claim 4, characterized in that, The preparation method of the organic fermentation product includes: Take tobacco, peat, humic acid powder, wheat bran and coconut coir as spare materials according to the weight ratio of the mixture; After soaking and desalting the coconut coir, crush all the prepared materials to a particle size of 2-5cm, and mix them evenly according to the usage ratio of 10:5:3:5:

20. Add EM bacteria or Bacillus subtilis to the mixture, compost for 2-4 weeks, maintain humidity of 50%-60%, temperature of 55-65℃, turn the pile 1-2 times a week, and it is mature when the fermented product is dark brown, odorless, and the temperature is stable.

6. The method for preparing a novel organic active planting material according to claim 5, characterized in that, The organic fermentation product also contains 10%–15% vermiculite, 5%–10% biochar, 10%–20% agricultural waste, and 1%–2% slow-release fertilizer in proportions by weight.

7. The method for preparing a novel organic active planting material according to claim 6, characterized in that, The agricultural waste includes rice husks and straw fragments after simple fermentation, and the slow-release fertilizer includes coated urea.

8. The method for preparing a novel organic active planting material according to claim 5, characterized in that, The coconut coir and wheat bran are fermented separately, and then mixed into the original fermentation system after fermentation is completed.

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