Multi-component synergistic type brood hen hatching accelerator and its preparation process

Abstract

This invention relates to a multi-component synergistic hatching promoter for breeding chickens and its preparation process, belonging to the field of feed additive technology. The promoter comprises 5-10 parts by weight of a compound plant extract derived from Epimedium, hawthorn, Astragalus, and licorice in a ratio of 2-3:1-2:1-2:1-1.5; 1-4 parts by weight of a probiotic preparation containing Bacillus subtilis, yeast, and lactic acid bacteria; 0.1-0.3 parts by weight of vitamin D3; 0.2-0.5 parts by weight of guanidinoacetic acid; 0.2-0.5 parts by weight of xylooligosaccharides; and 70-90 parts by weight of a carrier. The preparation process includes ultrasonic extraction and vacuum concentration of the plant extract; encapsulation of the probiotics in trehalose and β-glucan microcapsules; mixing of all components; coating with molten hydrogenated palm oil; and freeze-drying and pulverizing. This invention, through the synergistic effect of multiple components, can significantly improve the hatching rate of breeding chickens and the quality of chicks, and has high safety and stability, making it suitable for large-scale breeding chicken farming.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of feed additive technology and relates to a multi-component synergistic hatching promoter for breeding chickens and its preparation process. Background Technology

[0002] Hatching of breeding chickens is a crucial link in the poultry farming industry chain, and its efficiency directly affects the quality of chicks, survival rate, and subsequent economic benefits of farming. During the hatching process, the nutritional reserves of the eggs, the embryonic development environment, and the health of the breeding chickens themselves all significantly influence the hatching rate. High-quality hatching eggs need to contain sufficient protein, fat, minerals, and vitamins to meet the needs of the embryo throughout its entire lifecycle, from cell division to organ formation. At the same time, embryos are susceptible to external pathogenic microorganisms or nutritional metabolic imbalances during development, leading to increased rates of weak chicks, prolonged hatching periods, and even embryonic death. Therefore, how to improve the reproductive performance of breeding chickens and the hatching potential of hatching eggs through scientific methods has always been a key focus of industry research.

[0003] Currently, to improve hatching efficiency in breeding chickens, a combination of nutritional regulation and environmental management is commonly used in poultry farming. Nutritionally, this is often achieved by adding functional substances to the breeder's feed, such as supplementing with vitamins, minerals, and other micronutrients to improve the nutritional composition of the hatching eggs. Some farms add antibiotics to the feed to prevent intestinal diseases and improve the immunity of breeder chickens, thereby reducing the impact of diseases on hatching egg quality by inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria. Environmental management includes optimizing the temperature and humidity of the incubator, ventilation conditions, and egg-turning frequency to simulate a suitable environment for natural incubation and promote normal embryonic development. While this approach has improved hatching efficiency to some extent, its limitations have become increasingly apparent over long-term application.

[0004] The long-term overuse of antibiotics can lead to an imbalance in the gut microbiota of breeder chickens, disrupting the body's microecological balance and reducing their immunity. Furthermore, antibiotic residues can be passed to chicks through hatching eggs, affecting their health and potentially causing antibiotic resistance, which is inconsistent with the development trend of green farming. On the other hand, the effects of supplementing with a single nutrient are limited and cannot synergistically improve the overall nutritional level of hatching eggs. Some chemically synthesized additives may also potentially irritate the reproductive system of breeder chickens, leading to a decrease in the quality of hatching eggs. In addition, traditional feed additives have poor stability and are easily deactivated by temperature and humidity during processing and storage, failing to fully realize their function and making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale farming for efficient and safe hatching promotion technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-component synergistic hatching promoter for breeding chickens and its preparation process. This promoter improves the physical condition of breeding chickens and promotes embryonic development through the regulation of plant extracts, the intestinal synergy of probiotics, and the encapsulation and protection of various active substances.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A multi-component synergistic hatching promoter for breeding chickens comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of compound plant extracts, 1-4 parts of probiotic preparation, 0.1-0.3 parts of vitamin D3, 0.2-0.5 parts of guanidinoacetic acid, 0.2-0.5 parts of xylooligosaccharides, and 70-90 parts of carrier; The plant extracts include ethanol extracts of Epimedium, hawthorn, astragalus, and licorice. The probiotic preparation contains Bacillus subtilis, yeast, and lactic acid bacteria; The carrier is a mixture of corn starch and wheat bran; The raw material is coated with hydrogenated palm oil in granular form.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of Epimedium used to make the ethanol extract of Epimedium, hawthorn used to make the ethanol extract of hawthorn, Astragalus membranaceus, and licorice used to make the ethanol extract of licorice is 2-3:1-2:1-2:1-1.5.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of corn starch to wheat bran is 1:0.5-2.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis, yeast, lactic acid bacteria, trehalose, and β-glucan is 55-60:20-30:15-20:105-115:35-38.

[0010] Furthermore, the preparation process of the multi-component synergistic hatching promoter for breeding chickens includes the following steps: (1) Mix and pulverize Epimedium, hawthorn, astragalus and licorice, add extractant and extract under ultrasonication, filter to obtain extract; (2) The extract obtained in step (1) was concentrated under reduced pressure and then dried to obtain a compound plant extract; (3) After mixing corn starch and wheat bran, sterilize them, add the compound plant extract, vitamin D3, guanidinoacetic acid and xylooligosaccharide obtained in step (2) and mix evenly; (4) A probiotic preparation was prepared by encapsulating a composite wall material of Bacillus subtilis, yeast, lactic acid bacteria, trehalose and β-glucan into microcapsules using fluidized bed bottom spraying technology; (5) Mix the mixture obtained in step (3) and the probiotic preparation obtained in step (4), add molten hydrogenated palm oil and freeze-drying protectant, mix and freeze-dry and pulverize.

[0011] In this application, icariin from Epimedium and Astragalus polysaccharides form an immunomodulatory synergy, while the buffering effect of hawthorn organic acids and glycyrrhizic acid reduces intestinal irritation. During extraction, a 40-50% ethanol solution is used, with the pH adjusted to 3-4 by citric acid. Ethanol dissolves flavonoids and triterpenoids, while the acidic environment inhibits the hydrolysis of glycosides and enhances the stability of organic acids. The entire extraction and preparation process is carried out below 60℃ to avoid degradation and inactivation of Astragalus polysaccharides and probiotics due to high temperatures. Using corn starch and wheat bran as carriers leverages structural complementarity; corn starch adsorbs fat-soluble components, while wheat bran carries water-soluble components. The composite wall material of trehalose and β-glucan forms a double barrier: trehalose binds to the probiotic cell membrane through hydrogen bonds, replacing water molecules during drying to prevent cell membrane rupture; β-glucan forms a dense membrane structure, blocking external oxygen and humidity. Melted hydrogenated palm oil further provides lipid-soluble coating and sustained-release control: Hydrogenated palm oil is in a molten state at 40-45℃, which can uniformly coat solid particles. After cooling, it forms a solid lipid film, which on the one hand blocks air and moisture, protecting probiotics and plant extracts, and slowly melts and releases them in the intestines of breeding chickens. During freeze-drying, hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin is added to encapsulate lipid-soluble components such as icariin through hydrophobic cavities, preventing their oxidation; glutathione, as an antioxidant, can remove free radicals generated during freeze-drying and protect the integrity of probiotic cell membranes.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the extractant in step (1) is a 40-50% ethanol solution with pH adjusted to 3-4 by citric acid, the extraction material-liquid ratio is 1:10-15, the extraction temperature is 50-60℃, and the extraction time is 1-2h.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step (2), the concentration is carried out to a relative density of 1.15-1.2 and the vacuum concentration temperature is 35-45℃.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the amount of molten hydrogenated palm oil added in step (5) is 8-12 wt% of the mass of the mixture obtained in step (3), and the temperature is 40-45℃.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step (5) vacuum freeze drying, a freeze-drying protectant is added, wherein the protectant is hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and glutathione in a mass ratio of 4-6:1, and the amount added is 0.5-1%.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) This invention uses a compound plant extract, which consists of Epimedium to regulate reproductive hormones, Astragalus to enhance immunity, Hawthorn to promote digestion, Glycyrrhiza to harmonize components and probiotic preparations, Bacillus subtilis to regulate intestinal flora, and xylooligosaccharides to form a microecological nutrition synergistic system. Combined with Vitamin D3 to promote calcium and phosphorus absorption and guanidinoacetic acid to improve energy metabolism, it plays a role in the whole chain from improving the physical condition of breeder chickens and optimizing the nutritional reserves of hatching eggs to promoting embryonic development, significantly improving the hatching rate and reducing the rate of weak chicks, thus solving the problem of limited effect of single components.

[0017] (2) The core components of this invention are all of natural origin, free of antibiotics and chemically synthesized additives, thus avoiding the risk of drug resistance and drug residues, ensuring the health of chicks and the safety of breeding products, and meeting the industry's demand for green and antibiotic-free breeding.

[0018] (3) The preparation process of this invention ensures the activity of the ingredients. The active ingredients of plants are extracted by ultrasonic-assisted acidic ethanol, which is highly efficient and retains them completely. The probiotics are encapsulated in microcapsules and coated with hydrogenated palm oil, combined with freeze-drying protectants, which greatly improves the storage stability and processing tolerance of probiotics and heat-sensitive ingredients, and solves the problem of easy inactivation of traditional additives. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with embodiments, is provided below.

[0020] Example 1 A multi-component synergistic hatching promoter for breeding chickens comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts compound plant extracts, 3 parts probiotic preparation, 0.2 parts vitamin D3, 0.3 parts guanidinoacetic acid, 0.4 parts xylooligosaccharides, and 80 parts carrier; The plant extracts include ethanol extracts of Epimedium, hawthorn, astragalus, and licorice. The probiotic preparation contains Bacillus subtilis, yeast, and lactic acid bacteria; The carrier is a mixture of corn starch and wheat bran; The raw material is coated with hydrogenated palm oil in granular form.

[0021] The mass ratio of Epimedium used to make the ethanol extract of Epimedium, hawthorn used to make the ethanol extract of hawthorn, Astragalus membranaceus, and licorice used to make the ethanol extract of licorice is 2.5:1.5:1.5:1.25.

[0022] The mass ratio of corn starch to wheat bran is 1:1.

[0023] The mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis, yeast, lactic acid bacteria, trehalose, and β-glucan is 58:25:18:110:37.

[0024] The preparation process of the multi-component synergistic hatching promoter for breeding chickens includes the following steps: (1) Mix and pulverize Epimedium, hawthorn, astragalus and licorice, add extractant and extract under ultrasonication, filter to obtain extract; (2) The extract obtained in step (1) was concentrated under reduced pressure and then dried to obtain a compound plant extract; (3) After mixing corn starch and wheat bran, sterilize them, add the compound plant extract, vitamin D3, guanidinoacetic acid and xylooligosaccharide obtained in step (2) and mix evenly; (4) A probiotic preparation was prepared by encapsulating a composite wall material of Bacillus subtilis, yeast, lactic acid bacteria, trehalose and β-glucan into microcapsules using fluidized bed bottom spraying technology; (5) Mix the mixture obtained in step (3) and the probiotic preparation obtained in step (4), add molten hydrogenated palm oil and freeze-drying protectant, mix and freeze-dry and pulverize.

[0025] The extractant in step (1) is a 45% ethanol solution with pH adjusted to 3.5 by citric acid. The extraction material-to-liquid ratio is 1:12, the extraction temperature is 55℃, and the extraction time is 1.5h.

[0026] Step (2) involves concentrating the material to a relative density of 1.17 at a reduced pressure concentration temperature of 40°C.

[0027] The amount of molten hydrogenated palm oil added in step (5) is 10 wt% of the mass of the mixture obtained in step (3), and the temperature is 42°C.

[0028] In step (5), a freeze-drying protectant is added during vacuum freeze-drying. The protectant is hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and glutathione in a mass ratio of 5:1, with an addition amount of 0.7%.

[0029] Example 2 A multi-component synergistic hatching promoter for breeding chickens comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts compound plant extracts, 1 part probiotic preparation, 0.1 part vitamin D3, 0.2 parts guanidinoacetic acid, 0.2 parts xylooligosaccharide and 70 parts carrier; The plant extracts include ethanol extracts of Epimedium, hawthorn, astragalus, and licorice. The probiotic preparation contains Bacillus subtilis, yeast, and lactic acid bacteria; The carrier is a mixture of corn starch and wheat bran; The raw material is coated with hydrogenated palm oil in granular form.

[0030] The mass ratio of Epimedium used to make the ethanol extract of Epimedium, hawthorn used to make the ethanol extract of hawthorn, Astragalus membranaceus, and licorice used to make the ethanol extract of licorice is 2:1:1:1.

[0031] The mass ratio of corn starch to wheat bran is 1:0.5.

[0032] The mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis, yeast, lactic acid bacteria, trehalose, and β-glucan is 55:20:15:105:35.

[0033] The preparation process of the multi-component synergistic hatching promoter for breeding chickens includes the following steps: (1) Mix and pulverize Epimedium, hawthorn, astragalus and licorice, add extractant and extract under ultrasonication, filter to obtain extract; (2) The extract obtained in step (1) was concentrated under reduced pressure and then dried to obtain a compound plant extract; (3) After mixing corn starch and wheat bran, sterilize them, add the compound plant extract, vitamin D3, guanidinoacetic acid and xylooligosaccharide obtained in step (2) and mix evenly; (4) A probiotic preparation was prepared by encapsulating a composite wall material of Bacillus subtilis, yeast, lactic acid bacteria, trehalose and β-glucan into microcapsules using fluidized bed bottom spraying technology; (5) Mix the mixture obtained in step (3) and the probiotic preparation obtained in step (4), add molten hydrogenated palm oil and freeze-drying protectant, mix and freeze-dry and pulverize.

[0034] The extractant in step (1) is a 40% ethanol solution with pH adjusted to 3 by citric acid. The extraction material-to-liquid ratio is 1:10, the extraction temperature is 50℃, and the extraction time is 1h.

[0035] Step (2) involves concentrating the material to a relative density of 1.15 at a reduced pressure concentration temperature of 35°C.

[0036] The amount of molten hydrogenated palm oil added in step (5) is 8 wt% of the mass of the mixture obtained in step (3), and the temperature is 40°C.

[0037] In step (5), a freeze-drying protectant is added during vacuum freeze-drying. The protectant is hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and glutathione in a mass ratio of 4:1, with an addition amount of 0.5%.

[0038] Example 3 A multi-component synergistic hatching promoter for breeding chickens comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts compound plant extract, 4 parts probiotic preparation, 0.3 parts vitamin D3, 0.5 parts guanidinoacetic acid, 0.5 parts xylooligosaccharide and 90 parts carrier; The plant extracts include ethanol extracts of Epimedium, hawthorn, astragalus, and licorice. The probiotic preparation contains Bacillus subtilis, yeast, and lactic acid bacteria; The carrier is a mixture of corn starch and wheat bran; The raw material is coated with hydrogenated palm oil in granular form.

[0039] The mass ratio of Epimedium used to make the ethanol extract of Epimedium, hawthorn used to make the ethanol extract of hawthorn, Astragalus membranaceus, and licorice used to make the ethanol extract of licorice is 3:2:2:1.5.

[0040] The mass ratio of corn starch to wheat bran is 1:2.

[0041] The mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis, yeast, lactic acid bacteria, trehalose, and β-glucan is 60:30:20:115:38.

[0042] The preparation process of the multi-component synergistic hatching promoter for breeding chickens includes the following steps: (1) Mix and pulverize Epimedium, hawthorn, astragalus and licorice, add extractant and extract under ultrasonication, filter to obtain extract; (2) The extract obtained in step (1) was concentrated under reduced pressure and then dried to obtain a compound plant extract; (3) After mixing corn starch and wheat bran, sterilize them, add the compound plant extract, vitamin D3, guanidinoacetic acid and xylooligosaccharide obtained in step (2) and mix evenly; (4) A probiotic preparation was prepared by encapsulating a composite wall material of Bacillus subtilis, yeast, lactic acid bacteria, trehalose and β-glucan into microcapsules using fluidized bed bottom spraying technology; (5) Mix the mixture obtained in step (3) and the probiotic preparation obtained in step (4), add molten hydrogenated palm oil and freeze-drying protectant, mix and freeze-dry and pulverize.

[0043] The extractant in step (1) is a 50% ethanol solution with pH adjusted to 4 by citric acid. The extraction material-to-liquid ratio is 1:15, the extraction temperature is 60℃, and the extraction time is 2h.

[0044] Step (2) involves concentrating to a relative density of 1.2 at a reduced pressure concentration temperature of 45°C.

[0045] The amount of molten hydrogenated palm oil added in step (5) is 12 wt% of the mass of the mixture obtained in step (3), and the temperature is 45°C.

[0046] In step (5), a freeze-drying protectant is added during vacuum freeze-drying. The protectant is hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and glutathione in a mass ratio of 6:1, with an addition amount of 1%.

[0047] Comparative Example 1 Based on the example, the plant extraction method was replaced by boiling water extraction for 2 hours, while the rest remained the same as in Example 1.

[0048] Comparative Example 2 Based on Example 1, the probiotic preparation does not contain trehalose and β-glucan, the probiotics are directly mixed, and the rest remains the same as in Example 1.

[0049] Comparative Example 3 Based on Example 1, the mass ratio of trehalose to β-glucan was changed to 5:1, while the rest remained the same as in Example 1.

[0050] Comparative Example 4 Based on Example 1, without adding a freeze-drying protectant, the rest remains the same as in Example 1.

[0051] Comparative Example 5 Based on Example 1, Epimedium was not added to the plant extract, but the rest remained the same as in Example 1.

[0052] Comparative Example 6 Based on Example 1, hawthorn was not added to the plant extract, but everything else remained the same as in Example 1.

[0053] Comparative Example 7 Based on Example 1, Astragalus membranaceus was not added to the plant extract, but the rest remained the same as in Example 1.

[0054] Comparative Example 8 Based on Example 1, licorice was not added to the plant additive, but the rest remained the same as in Example 1.

[0055] Performance testing: Hy-Line Brown breeder chickens aged 20-25 weeks in the pre-laying stage were selected for a breeding experiment. Each group consisted of 20 chickens and were fed for two months with feed containing 0.3% of the basal feed from the example and the feed containing the growth promoter prepared in the comparative example. Egg production rate: Record the number of eggs produced daily and calculate the egg production rate: Egg production rate = Number of eggs produced / Number of animals in stock × 100%; Average egg weight: 30 eggs are randomly selected each week, weighed, and the average weight is calculated. Select qualified hatching eggs (egg weight 50-60g, no deformities) for incubation experiments, with 50 eggs per group. Incubation conditions: temperature 37.8℃, humidity 50-60% (days 1-18), humidity 65-70% (days 19-21). Fertilization rate: Candling of eggs on the 5th day of incubation was performed to calculate the fertilization rate. Fertilization rate = number of fertilized eggs / number of eggs put into incubation × 100%; Hatching rate: Chicks hatch on day 21 of incubation. The hatching rate is calculated as follows: Hatching rate = number of hatched chicks / number of fertilized eggs × 100%.

[0056] Chick survival rate: The chick survival rate is calculated within 24 hours after hatching. Chick survival rate = number of healthy chicks (no deformities, able to stand and walk) / number of hatched chicks × 100%.

[0057] The test results show that Comparative Example 1, which uses boiling water to extract plants, suffers from high-temperature damage to the activity of Epimedium flavonoids, resulting in a decrease in fertilization and hatching rates. Comparative Example 2, where the probiotics are not encapsulated, is affected by gastric acid, which inactivates some active substances, leading to an overall decrease in performance. Comparative Example 3, where the trehalose:β-glucan mass ratio is changed to 5:1, may result in insufficient release of enteric-coated probiotics. Comparative Example 4 confirms that the freeze-drying protectant causes damage to live bacteria during the freeze-drying process. Comparative Examples 5-8 demonstrate the synergistic effect of plant extracts.

[0058] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-component synergistic hatching promoter for breeding chickens, characterized in that: It contains the following ingredients in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of compound plant extract, 1-4 parts of probiotic preparation, 0.1-0.3 parts of vitamin D3, 0.2-0.5 parts of guanidinoacetic acid, 0.2-0.5 parts of xylooligosaccharide and 70-90 parts of carrier; The plant extracts are ethanol extracts of Epimedium, hawthorn, astragalus, and licorice. The probiotic preparation consists of Bacillus subtilis, yeast, and lactic acid bacteria. The carrier is a mixture of corn starch and wheat bran; The raw material is coated with hydrogenated palm oil in granular form; The mass ratio of Epimedium to the ethanol extract of Epimedium, hawthorn to the ethanol extract of hawthorn, astragalus to the ethanol extract of astragalus, and licorice to the ethanol extract of licorice is 2-3:1-2:1-2:1-1.

5. The mass ratio of corn starch to wheat bran is 1:0.5-2; The mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis, yeast, lactic acid bacteria, trehalose, and β-glucan is 55-60:20-30:15-20:105-115:35-38.

2. A preparation process for the multi-component synergistic hatching promoter for breeding chickens as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: (1) Mix and pulverize Epimedium, hawthorn, astragalus and licorice, add extractant and extract under ultrasonication, filter to obtain extract; (2) The extract obtained in step (1) was concentrated under reduced pressure and then dried to obtain a compound plant extract; (3) After mixing corn starch and wheat bran, sterilize them, add the compound plant extract, vitamin D3, guanidinoacetic acid and xylooligosaccharide obtained in step (2) and mix evenly; (4) A probiotic preparation was prepared by encapsulating a composite wall material of Bacillus subtilis, yeast, lactic acid bacteria, trehalose and β-glucan into microcapsules using fluidized bed bottom spraying technology; (5) Mix the mixture obtained in step (3) and the probiotic preparation obtained in step (4), add molten hydrogenated palm oil and freeze-drying protectant, mix and freeze-dry and pulverize.

3. The preparation process of a multi-component synergistic hatching promoter for breeding chickens according to claim 2, characterized in that: The extractant in step (1) is a 40-50% ethanol solution with pH adjusted to 3-4 by citric acid. The extraction material-to-liquid ratio is 1:10-15, the extraction temperature is 50-60℃, and the extraction time is 1-2h.

4. The preparation process of a multi-component synergistic hatching promoter for breeding chickens according to claim 2, characterized in that: Step (2) involves concentrating to a relative density of 1.15-1.2 at a reduced pressure concentration temperature of 35-45℃.

5. The preparation process of a multi-component synergistic hatching promoter for breeding chickens according to claim 2, characterized in that: The amount of molten hydrogenated palm oil added in step (5) is 8-12 wt% of the mass of the mixture obtained in step (3), and the temperature is 40-45℃.

6. The preparation process of a multi-component synergistic hatching promoter for breeding chickens according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step (5), a freeze-drying protectant is added during vacuum freeze-drying. The protectant is hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and glutathione in a mass ratio of 4-6:1, with an addition amount of 0.5-1%.

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